j360-microservice

spring-boot+docker微服务设计之j360-microservice：（欢迎star、fork）

https://github.com/xuminwlt/j360-microservice

前言

自从spring4发布spring boot开始，springboot非常自然的成为了spring的顶级项目，打开spring的网站，springboot也位列第二，在他爹地spring io platform后面，发展到现在springboot已经在很多场景下发挥了巨大的生产力，尤其是通过内置容器的方式，简单一个java -jar xxx.jar便可以发布该工程，随着springboot被越来越多的人使用并且推荐，包括我，springboot为微服务架构方式不再只停留在概念阶段，springboot为创建微服务架构提供了稳定的基础，作为大家耳熟能详的SOA架构，各说纷纭，微服务在我理解范围内，特别是在得到springboot的支持下，微服务更加能体现出分布式服务的精髓，微服务的颗粒度更小，作为单一的功能而言，springboot更加能快速简单的提供服务支撑。

Docker自从14年热吧热吧以来，在今年docker已经占据了所有容器板块的头条位置，docker也很努力，发展迭代马不停蹄。

从分别关注springboot和docker一开始我便一直在思考如何让两个人在一起，满足我的私欲，必须在一起，不为别的，springboot是1，docker是0.

介绍

微服务

微服务的特点是将每个单一服务能够独立提供服务，这个概念和SOA非常相似，就是所有的服务都必须提供服务的方式，在基于springboot的微服务架构中，使用restful的api是官方推荐的接口，也就是基于HTTP协议的通信方式。

微服务使用springmvc可以很好的提供rest服务，而作为客户端可以基于Spring中的RestTemplate进行创建。springboot的就是为服务方和客户端提供良好的支撑。

容器部署

使用docker可以很方便地为springboot提供容器服务，在任何安装jdk的docker环境中，springboot都可以发布。

案例

通过案例来介绍springboot和docker是一件很有意思的事情，本案例j360-microservice通过两个服务来描述快递下单和查询订单的功能，订单的底层服务交给j360-order服务，订单的查询和下单交给j360-express，通过微服务设计的高度可扩展性，j360-order同样还可以处理来源于其他的客户端发来的请求，同样j360-express可以给其他的快递公司发送请求，通过在docker中实现分布式集群部署，体现出了微服务强大的可伸缩性。

工程结构图：

演示界面：

输入快递单号，结果输出快递单的信息

部分代码演示：

j360-order：微服务服务提供方

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><parent><artifactId>j360-microservice</artifactId><groupId>me.j360.boot.microservice</groupId><version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version></parent><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><artifactId>j360-order</artifactId><properties><java.version>1.7</java.version></properties><!-- Add typical dependencies for a web application --><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-rest</artifactId></dependency><!--jpa--><dependency><groupId>org.hibernate</groupId><artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.hsqldb</groupId><artifactId>hsqldb</artifactId><scope>runtime</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency><!--使用SpringLoaded工具，war包可以使用，但是必须使用内置的容器，去掉private的scope--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId></dependency></dependencies><!--不是每个人都喜欢继承 spring-boot-starter-parent POM。你可能需要使用公司标准parent，或你可能倾向于显式声明所有Maven配置。如果你不使用 spring-boot-starter-parent ，通过使用一个 scope=import 的依赖，你仍能获取到依赖管理的好处--><dependencyManagement><dependencies><dependency><!-- Import dependency management from Spring Boot --><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId><version>1.3.0.BUILD-SNAPSHOT</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope></dependency></dependencies></dependencyManagement><!-- Package as an executable jar --><build><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId><version>1.3.0.BUILD-SNAPSHOT</version><!--为了在Maven命令行下使用Spring Loaded，你只需将它作为一个依赖添加到Spring Boot插件声明中即可--><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>springloaded</artifactId><version>1.2.5.BUILD-SNAPSHOT</version></dependency></dependencies><executions><execution><goals><goal>repackage</goal></goals></execution></executions></plugin><plugin><groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId><artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId><configuration><useSystemClassLoader>false</useSystemClassLoader></configuration></plugin><plugin><artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId><configuration><failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml></configuration></plugin></plugins></build><!-- Additional lines to be added here... --><!-- (you don't need this if you are using a .RELEASE version) --><repositories><repository><id>spring-snapshots</id><url>http://repo.spring.io/snapshot</url><snapshots><enabled>true</enabled></snapshots></repository><repository><id>spring-milestones</id><url>http://repo.spring.io/milestone</url></repository></repositories><pluginRepositories><pluginRepository><id>spring-snapshots</id><url>http://repo.spring.io/snapshot</url></pluginRepository><pluginRepository><id>spring-milestones</id><url>http://repo.spring.io/milestone</url></pluginRepository></pluginRepositories>
</project>

package me.j360.boot.microservice.order.web;import me.j360.boot.microservice.order.entity.Express;
import me.j360.boot.microservice.order.repository.ExpressRepository;
import me.j360.boot.microservice.order.validator.ExpressValidator;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.hateoas.EntityLinks;
import org.springframework.hateoas.ExposesResourceFor;
import org.springframework.hateoas.Resource;
import org.springframework.hateoas.Resources;
import org.springframework.http.HttpEntity;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.WebDataBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;/*** Created with j360-microservice -> me.j360.boot.microservice.order.web.* User: min_xu* Date: 2015/9/27* Time: 21:07* 说明：通过restController实现的restAPI*/
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/expresses")
public class ExpressController {private final ExpressRepository repository;private final ExpressValidator validator;@Autowiredpublic ExpressController(ExpressRepository repository,ExpressValidator validator) {this.repository = repository;this.validator = validator;}@InitBinderprotected void initBinder(WebDataBinder binder) {binder.addValidators(validator);}@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)public Iterable findAll() {return repository.findAll();}@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.POST)public Express create(@RequestBody Express express) {return repository.save(express);}@RequestMapping(value = "/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET)public Express find(@PathVariable long id) {Express detail = repository.findOne(id);if (detail == null) {throw new ExpressNotFoundException();} else {return detail;}}@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND)static class ExpressNotFoundException extends RuntimeException {}
}

@Entity
public class Express {@Id@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)private Long id;private BigDecimal cost;private String no;@OneToMany(mappedBy = "express",fetch = FetchType.LAZY)@OrderBy("id desc")private List<Track> tracks;public List<Track> getTracks() {return tracks;}public void setTracks(List<Track> tracks) {this.tracks = tracks;}public String getNo() {return no;}public void setNo(String no) {this.no = no;}public BigDecimal getCost() {return cost;}public void setCost(BigDecimal cost) {this.cost = cost;}public long getId() {return id;}public void setId(long id) {this.id = id;}
}

j360-deliver：用户界面，调用微服务

@Override
public Map getMap(Long id) {ResponseEntity<Express> entity =  restTemplate.getForEntity("http://localhost:8080/expresses/1",Express.class);Express express = entity.getBody();Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<>();map.put("cost",express.getCost());return map;
}

@Aspect
@Service
public class HystrixAdvice {private static final String GROUP = "express";private static final int TIMEOUT = 60000;private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HystrixAdvice.class);/** 定义object需要转化为Object对象，此处省略@Around("execution(* me.j360.boot.microservice.service.ExpressService.findOne(..))")public Object hystrixCommand(final ProceedingJoinPoint pjp){logger.info("log Around method: "+ pjp.getTarget().getClass().getName() + "."+ pjp.getSignature().getName());List<Callable<AsyncResponse>> callables = new ArrayList<Callable<AsyncResponse>>();callables.add(new BackendServiceCallable("express", getExpressMap(pjp)));Map<String, Map<String, Object>> map = HystrixService.doBackendAsyncServiceCall(callables);try {String json = new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(map.get("express"));return new ObjectMapper().readValue(json,Express.class);} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return null;}*/@Around("execution(* me.j360.boot.microservice.service.ExpressService.getMap(..))")public Map<String, Object> hystrixCommandMap(final ProceedingJoinPoint pjp){logger.info("log Around method: "+ pjp.getTarget().getClass().getName() + "."+ pjp.getSignature().getName());List<Callable<AsyncResponse>> callables = new ArrayList<Callable<AsyncResponse>>();callables.add(new BackendServiceCallable("express", getExpressMap(pjp)));Map<String, Map<String, Object>> map = HystrixService.doBackendAsyncServiceCall(callables);return  map.get("express");}@Cacheableprivate HystrixCommand<Map<String, Object>> getExpressMap(final ProceedingJoinPoint pjp) {return new HystrixCommand<Map<String, Object>>(HystrixCommand.Setter.withGroupKey(HystrixCommandGroupKey.Factory.asKey(GROUP)).andCommandKey(HystrixCommandKey.Factory.asKey("getExpressMap")).andCommandPropertiesDefaults(HystrixCommandProperties.Setter().withExecutionIsolationThreadTimeoutInMilliseconds(TIMEOUT))) {@Overrideprotected Map<String, Object> run() throws Exception {try {return (Map<String, Object>) pjp.proceed();} catch (Throwable throwable) {throwable.printStackTrace();}return new HashMap<String, Object>();}@Overrideprotected Map getFallback() {return new HashMap<String, Object>();}};}}

@Controller
public class ExpressController {@Autowiredprivate ExpressService expressService;@RequestMapping(value = "/",method = RequestMethod.GET)public String index() {return "index";}@RequestMapping(value = "/express",method = RequestMethod.GET)public String express(Model model) {Map<String,Object>  map = expressService.getMap(1l);model.addAttribute("express",map);return "index";}}

此处演示用的是写死的id查找，需要单号需要再封装一个单号查询方法即可。

部署Docker

1、通过maven package分别生成对应的jar文件

2、如果使用docker maven的话，在docker中安装git+maven直接生成jar也可以，这里涉及到持续集成的过程，略过

参考：

Daniel Woods是一位技术狂热者，尤其是在企业级的Java、Groovy，和Grails开发方面。他在JVM软件开发方面已经具有超过十年以上的经验，并且通过对Grails和Ratpack web框架这样的开源项目进行贡献的方式分享他的经验。Dan也是Gr8conf和SpringOne 2GX会议上的演讲者，他在会议上展现了他在JVM的企业级应用架构上的专业知识。

http://www.infoq.com/cn/articles/boot-microservices