在论文中，图表往往发挥着极为重要的作用，好的图表将能进一步提升论文的质量。在书写论文时，很多时候需要绘制柱状图，然而不同的柱状图如果采用颜色区分，当论文打印以后，视觉效果大打折扣，甚至无法区分。在遇到这个问题时，我通过网站论坛搜索，终于找到了在matlab中绘制柱状图，并采用不同的图案进行表示。主要利用下面的代码。

function applyhatch(h,patterns,colorlist)

%APPLYHATCH Apply hatched patterns to a figure

%  APPLYHATCH(H,PATTERNS) creates a new figure from the figure H by

%  replacing distinct colors in H with the black and white

%  patterns in PATTERNS. The format for PATTERNS can be

%    a string of the characters '/', '', '|', '-', '+', 'x', '.'

%    a cell array of matrices of zeros (white) and ones (black)

%

%  APPLYHATCH(H,PATTERNS,COLORS) maps the colors in the n by 3

%  matrix COLORS to PATTERNS. Each row of COLORS specifies an RGB

%  color value.

%

%  Note this function makes a bitmap image of H and so is limited

%  to low-resolution, bitmap output.

%

%  Example 1:

%    bar(rand(3,4));

%    applyhatch(gcf,'-x.');

%

%  Example 2:

%    colormap(cool(6));

%    pie(rand(6,1));

%    legend('Jan','Feb','Mar','Apr','May','Jun');

%    applyhatch(gcf,'|-+./',cool(6));

%

%  See also: MAKEHATCH

%  By Ben Hinkle, bhinkle@mathworks.com

%  This code is in the public domain.

oldppmode = get(h,'paperpositionmode');

oldunits = get(h,'units');

set(h,'paperpositionmode','auto');

set(h,'units','pixels');

figsize = get(h,'position');

if nargin == 2

colorlist = [];

end

bits = hardcopy(h,'-dzbuffer','-r0');

set(h,'paperpositionmode',oldppmode);

bwidth = size(bits,2);

bheight = size(bits,1);

bsize = bwidth * bheight;

if ~isempty(colorlist)

colorlist = uint8(255*colorlist);

[colors,colori] = nextnonbw(0,colorlist,bits);

else

colors = (bits(:,:,1) ~= bits(:,:,2)) | ...

(bits(:,:,1) ~= bits(:,:,3));

end

pati = 1;

colorind = find(colors);

while ~isempty(colorind)

colorval(1) = bits(colorind(1));

colorval(2) = bits(colorind(1)+bsize);

colorval(3) = bits(colorind(1)+2*bsize);

if iscell(patterns)

pattern = patterns{pati};

elseif isa(patterns,'char')

pattern = makehatch(patterns(pati));

else

pattern = patterns;

end

pattern = uint8(255*(1-pattern));

pheight = size(pattern,2);

pwidth = size(pattern,1);

ratioh = ceil(bheight/pheight);

ratiow = ceil(bwidth/pwidth);

bigpattern = repmat(pattern,[ratioh ratiow]);

if ratioh*pheight > bheight

bigpattern(bheight+1:end,:) = [];

end

if ratiow*pwidth > bwidth

bigpattern(:,bwidth+1:end) = [];

end

bigpattern = repmat(bigpattern,[1 1 3]);

color = (bits(:,:,1) == colorval(1)) & ...

(bits(:,:,2) == colorval(2)) & ...

(bits(:,:,3) == colorval(3));

color = repmat(color,[1 1 3]);

bits(color) = bigpattern(color);

if ~isempty(colorlist)

[colors,colori] = nextnonbw(colori,colorlist,bits);

else

colors = (bits(:,:,1) ~= bits(:,:,2)) | ...

(bits(:,:,1) ~= bits(:,:,3));

end

colorind = find(colors);

pati = (pati + 1);

if pati > length(patterns)

pati = 1;

end

end

newfig = figure('units','pixels','visible','off');

imaxes = axes('parent',newfig,'units','pixels');

im = image(bits,'parent',imaxes);

fpos = get(newfig,'position');

set(newfig,'position',[fpos(1:2) figsize(3) figsize(4)+1]);

set(imaxes,'position',[0 0 figsize(3) figsize(4)+1],'visible','off');

set(newfig,'visible','on');

function [colors,out] = nextnonbw(ind,colorlist,bits)

out = ind+1;

colors = [];

while out <= size(colorlist,1)

if isequal(colorlist(out,:),[255 255 255]) | ...

isequal(colorlist(out,:),[0 0 0])

out = out+1;

else

colors = (colorlist(out,1) == bits(:,:,1)) & ...

(colorlist(out,2) == bits(:,:,2)) & ...

(colorlist(out,3) == bits(:,:,3));

return

end

end

而applyhatch函数需要调用下面的函数

function A = makehatch(hatch)

%MAKEHATCH Predefined hatch patterns

%  MAKEHATCH(HATCH) returns a matrix with the hatch pattern for HATCH

%   according to the following table:

%      HATCH        pattern

%     -------      ---------

%        /          right-slanted lines

%                  left-slanted lines

%        |          vertical lines

%        -          horizontal lines

%        +          crossing vertical and horizontal lines

%        x          criss-crossing lines

%        .          single dots

%

%  See also: APPLYHATCH

%  By Ben Hinkle, bhinkle@mathworks.com

%  This code is in the public domain.

n = 6;

A=zeros(n);

switch (hatch)

case '/'

A = fliplr(eye(n));

case ''

A = eye(n);

case '|'

A(:,1) = 1;

case '-'

A(1,:) = 1;

case '+'

A(:,1) = 1;

A(1,:) = 1;

case 'x'

A = eye(n) | fliplr(diag(ones(n-1,1),-1));

case '.'

A(1:2,1:2)=1;

otherwise

error(['Undefined hatch pattern "' hatch '".']);

end

效果如下图所示

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