Baize_ServoDriver_esp32——arduino 32路舵机驱动板（esp32主控，免费开源，附程序、固件）
2024-04-04 23:04:59
该机器人开发板的用法和介绍以本文章为准。
最新的代码github仓库为准：https://github.com/Allen953/Baize_ServoDriver_esp32
介绍
仓库总是存放最新代码，CSDN的代码可能存在滞后 !
出于制作机器人的需要，设计了这块儿32路舵机驱动板，板子可以驱动从5~12V的pwm舵机，适应电压范围较宽，所以用起来会非常方便。
板载有电压监测电路和蜂鸣器，这样如果你使用电池为机器人供电时，可以通过电压检测电路来测量电池电量情况，如果电量过低，则需要报警并停止机器人动作，提示我们进行充电。
板载还有mpu6050，这样我们可以感知机器人的姿态等信息，可以根据机器人姿态进行动作的规划。
同时板载一个小型彩色屏幕1.14寸，140*240的分辨率，可以实时显示板子和机器人的状态，方便机器人的现场测试。
板子上还有几个独立按键，作为调试按钮，可以灵活定制按钮功能，对机器人进行调试。
硬件原理图及PCB文件和资料开源链接：GitHub - Allen953/Baize_ServoDriver_esp32
如果你的Arduino IDE由于配置问题无法正确编译仓库代码，可以直接烧录仓库里代码文件旁边的固件(bin文件)来对板子进行测试，效果是一样的，只是省去了用Arduino IDE编译代码这个过程。
具体的烧录固件的方法见此教程：https://blog.csdn.net/qqliuzhitong/article/details/125852218
接线说明
两排排针用于接32路舵机用，舵机线由S,V,G构成，注意正反。
蓝色接线端子用于接电源，如果用电池直供板子，则调帽调到左边，用于检测默认电池输入电压。如果电池经过压降模块之后，给板子供电，则板子检测到的电压为板子本身的电压，无法反映电池真实电压，这时，将电池正极接入绿色接线端子的S端子里面，同时将跳帽移到右边，这时板子电压检测绿色端子S端输入的电压，即电池电压。
电压过低，则启动蜂鸣器报警同时停止程序运行。
例程1：按键检测
/*******************************************************Baize_ServoDriver_esp32功能：测试独立按键引脚：key1:35 key2:34 key3:39 key4:36Designer: AllenE-mail:953598974@qq.comDate:2022-09-09 21:08
*******************************************************/#define key1 35
#define key2 34
#define key3 39
#define key4 36void setup() {Serial.begin(115200);pinMode(key1,INPUT);pinMode(key2,INPUT);pinMode(key3,INPUT);pinMode(key4,INPUT);
}void loop() {Serial.print("key1:");Serial.print(digitalRead(key1));Serial.print(" ");Serial.print("key2:");Serial.print(digitalRead(key2));Serial.print(" ");Serial.print("key3:");Serial.print(digitalRead(key3));Serial.print(" ");Serial.print("key4:");Serial.print(digitalRead(key4));Serial.println();
}当我们按下某个按键之后，打开串口，我们会发现这个按键从0变为了1，即从低电平变为高电平。
例程2：发现（校验）板子上的iic设备
/*******************************************************Baize_ServoDriver_esp32功能：扫描iic设备引脚：SDA:21 SCL:22Designer: AllenE-mail:953598974@qq.comDate:2022-08-22*******************************************************/
#include <Wire.h>void setup()
{Wire.begin();Serial.begin(115200);
}void loop()
{byte error, address;int nDevices;Serial.println("Scanning...");nDevices = 0;for(address = 1; address < 127; address++ ) {Wire.beginTransmission(address);error = Wire.endTransmission();if (error == 0){Serial.print("I2C device found at address 0x");if (address<16) Serial.print("0");Serial.print(address,HEX);Serial.println(" !");nDevices++;}else if (error==4) {Serial.print("Unknown error at address 0x");if (address<16) Serial.print("0");Serial.println(address,HEX);} }if (nDevices == 0)Serial.println("No I2C devices found\n");elseSerial.println("done\n");delay(5000);
}例程3：控制32路舵机匀速旋转从0-180度，再从180-0度
/*******************************************************Baize_ServoDriver_esp32功能：测试舵机引脚：SDA:21 SCL:22对于ARDUINO UNO，SCL:A5，SDA:A4Designer: AllenE-mail:953598974@qq.comDate:2022-08-22
*******************************************************/#include <Wire.h>
#include <Adafruit_PWMServoDriver.h>Adafruit_PWMServoDriver pwm = Adafruit_PWMServoDriver();
Adafruit_PWMServoDriver pwm1 = Adafruit_PWMServoDriver(0x41);//#define SERVOMIN 102 //0.5/20 * 4096 = 102
//#define SERVOMID 307 //1.5/20 * 4096 = 307
//#define SERVOMAX 512 //2.5/20 * 4096 = 512//实际测试
#define SERVOMIN 102
#define SERVOMID 327
#define SERVOMAX 552 void setup() {Serial.begin(115200);Serial.println("16 channel Servo test!");pwm.begin();pwm1.begin();pwm.setPWMFreq(50); // Analog servos run at ~50 Hz updatespwm1.setPWMFreq(50); // Analog servos run at ~50 Hz updates
}void loop() {for (uint16_t pulselen = SERVOMIN; pulselen < SERVOMAX; pulselen++) {for(int i=0;i<16;i++){pwm.setPWM(i, 0, pulselen);pwm1.setPWM(i, 0, pulselen);}delayMicroseconds(200);}for (uint16_t pulselen = SERVOMAX; pulselen > SERVOMIN; pulselen--) {for(int i=0;i<16;i++){pwm.setPWM(i, 0, pulselen);pwm1.setPWM(i, 0, pulselen);}delayMicroseconds(200);}
}例程4：控制32路舵机从0，90，180，90，0度之间循环。
/*******************************************************Baize_ServoDriver_esp32功能：测试舵机引脚：SDA:21 SCL:22对于ARDUINO UNO，SCL:A5，SDA:A4Designer: AllenE-mail:953598974@qq.comDate:2022-08-22
*******************************************************/#include <Wire.h>
#include <Adafruit_PWMServoDriver.h>Adafruit_PWMServoDriver pwm = Adafruit_PWMServoDriver();
Adafruit_PWMServoDriver pwm1 = Adafruit_PWMServoDriver(0x41);#define SERVOMIN 102 //0.5/20 * 4096 = 102
#define SERVOMID 307 //(102+512)/2=307
#define SERVOMAX 512 //2.5/20 * 4096 = 512//pwm.setPWM(i, 0, pulse);i=0~15对应第0-15个舵机；pwm1.setPWM(j, 0, pulse);j=0~15对应第16-31个舵机，void setup() {Serial.begin(115200);Serial.println("16 channel Servo test!");pwm.begin();pwm1.begin();pwm.setPWMFreq(50); // Analog servos run at ~50 Hz updatespwm1.setPWMFreq(50); // Analog servos run at ~50 Hz updates
}void loop() {//全部舵机转到0度for(int i=0;i<16;i++){pwm.setPWM(i, 0, SERVOMIN);pwm1.setPWM(i, 0, SERVOMIN);}delayMicroseconds(200);delay(1000);//全部舵机转到90度for(int i=0;i<16;i++){pwm.setPWM(i, 0, SERVOMID);pwm1.setPWM(i, 0, SERVOMID);}delayMicroseconds(200);delay(1000);//全部舵机转到180度for(int i=0;i<16;i++){pwm.setPWM(i, 0, SERVOMAX);pwm1.setPWM(i, 0, SERVOMAX);}delayMicroseconds(200);delay(1000);//全部舵机转到90度for(int i=0;i<16;i++){pwm.setPWM(i, 0, SERVOMID);pwm1.setPWM(i, 0, SERVOMID);}delayMicroseconds(200);delay(1000);
}例程5：控制32路舵机从0-180度之间循环，正弦速度。
/*******************************************************Baize_ServoDriver_esp32功能：测试舵机引脚：SDA:21 SCL:22对于ARDUINO UNO，SCL:A5，SDA:A4Designer: AllenE-mail:953598974@qq.comDate:2022-11-13 15:47
*******************************************************/#include <Wire.h>
#include <Adafruit_PWMServoDriver.h>#define pi 3.1415926
#define pi2 1.5707963
#define radtodeg 57.295780
//position = -pi/2 * cos((pi/2) * t) + pi/2
//velocity = (pi^2)/4 * sin((pi/2) * t)Adafruit_PWMServoDriver pwm = Adafruit_PWMServoDriver();
Adafruit_PWMServoDriver pwm1 = Adafruit_PWMServoDriver(0x41);//#define SERVOMIN 102 //0.5/20 * 4096 = 102
//#define SERVOMID 307 //1.5/20 * 4096 = 307
//#define SERVOMAX 512 //2.5/20 * 4096 = 512
//实际测试
#define SERVOMIN 102
#define SERVOMID 327
#define SERVOMAX 552 long time_p = 0;void setup() {// put your setup code here, to run once:Serial.begin(115200);pwm.begin();pwm1.begin();pwm.setPWMFreq(50); // Analog servos run at ~50 Hz updatespwm1.setPWMFreq(50); // Analog servos run at ~50 Hz updates
}void loop() {// put your main code here, to run repeatedly:float t = float(millis())/1000.0;float v = (pi*pi)/4 * sin((pi2) * t);float p = -pi2 * cos((pi2) * t) + pi2;int pulselen = int(map(p * radtodeg,0.0,180.0,float(SERVOMIN),float(SERVOMAX)));for(int i=0;i<16;i++){pwm.setPWM(i, 0, pulselen);pwm1.setPWM(i, 0, pulselen);}Serial.println(pulselen);delay(10);
}例程6：测试MPU6050
/*******************************************************Baize_ServoDriver_esp32功能：测试mpu6050引脚：SDA:21 SCL:22对于ARDUINO UNO，SCL:A5，SDA:A4Designer: AllenE-mail:953598974@qq.comDate:2022-08-22
*******************************************************/#include "Wire.h" //I2C通讯库
#include "I2Cdev.h" //
#include "MPU6050.h" //mpu6050库MPU6050 mympu; //定义mympu对象float pi=3.1415926; //Π的值，用于单位转换
float AcceRatio=16384.0; //加速度计比例系数
float GyroRatio=131.0; //陀螺仪比例系数
//定义3个变量，用于存储倾角数据
float angle_x=0.0,angle_y=0.0,angle_z=0.0;
int16_t ax=0,ay=0,az=0,gx=0,gy=0,gz=0; //加速度计陀螺仪原始数据
float accx=0.0,accy=0.0,accz=0.0;void setup(){ Wire.begin();//开启iic通讯，mpu6050的数据传输协议为iicSerial.begin(115200);//打开串口mympu.initialize(); //初始化mpu6050
}void loop() {//通过调用该函数，一次性从mpu6050获取6轴数据mympu.getMotion6(&ax,&ay,&az,&gx,&gy,&gz);accx=ax/AcceRatio; //x轴加速度accy=ay/AcceRatio; //y轴加速度accz=az/AcceRatio; //z轴加速度angle_x=(atan(accx/accz)*180/pi); //计算身体前后的倾角，绕y轴的转角angle_y=(atan(accy/accz)*180/pi); //计算身体左右的倾角，绕x轴的转角Serial.print(az);Serial.print(" ");//将z轴加速度原始数据输出Serial.print(accx);Serial.print(" ");//将3轴加速度输出（单位:g)Serial.print(accy);Serial.print(" ");//将两个转角从串口输出Serial.print(accz);Serial.print(" ");//将两个转角从串口输出Serial.print(angle_x);Serial.print(" ");//将两个转角从串口输出Serial.print(angle_y);Serial.println(" ");delay(100);
}这个例程貌似跑不通，但是烧录mpu6050库里面的dmp例程可以跑通，库里的其他例程好像也跑不通，应该是代码哪里有问题。
/*******************************************************Baize_ServoDriver_esp32功能：测试MPU6050(DMP例程)引脚：MOSI:21 CLK:18 RS:12 RES:13 CS:5 BLK:15Designer: AllenE-mail:953598974@qq.comDate:2022-09-09 21:58
*******************************************************/
#include "I2Cdev.h"#include "MPU6050_6Axis_MotionApps20.h"#if I2CDEV_IMPLEMENTATION == I2CDEV_ARDUINO_WIRE#include "Wire.h"
#endifMPU6050 mpu;#define OUTPUT_READABLE_YAWPITCHROLL#define INTERRUPT_PIN 2 // use pin 2 on Arduino Uno & most boards
bool blinkState = false;bool dmpReady = false; // set true if DMP init was successful
uint8_t mpuIntStatus; // holds actual interrupt status byte from MPU
uint8_t devStatus; // return status after each device operation (0 = success, !0 = error)
uint16_t packetSize; // expected DMP packet size (default is 42 bytes)
uint16_t fifoCount; // count of all bytes currently in FIFO
uint8_t fifoBuffer[64]; // FIFO storage buffer// orientation/motion vars
Quaternion q; // [w, x, y, z] quaternion container
VectorInt16 aa; // [x, y, z] accel sensor measurements
VectorInt16 aaReal; // [x, y, z] gravity-free accel sensor measurements
VectorInt16 aaWorld; // [x, y, z] world-frame accel sensor measurements
VectorFloat gravity; // [x, y, z] gravity vector
float euler[3]; // [psi, theta, phi] Euler angle container
float ypr[3]; // [yaw, pitch, roll] yaw/pitch/roll container and gravity vector// packet structure for InvenSense teapot demo
uint8_t teapotPacket[14] = { '$', 0x02, 0,0, 0,0, 0,0, 0,0, 0x00, 0x00, '\r', '\n' };volatile bool mpuInterrupt = false; // indicates whether MPU interrupt pin has gone high
void dmpDataReady() {mpuInterrupt = true;
}void setup() {// join I2C bus (I2Cdev library doesn't do this automatically)#if I2CDEV_IMPLEMENTATION == I2CDEV_ARDUINO_WIREWire.begin();Wire.setClock(400000); // 400kHz I2C clock. Comment this line if having compilation difficulties#elif I2CDEV_IMPLEMENTATION == I2CDEV_BUILTIN_FASTWIREFastwire::setup(400, true);#endif// initialize serial communication// (115200 chosen because it is required for Teapot Demo output, but it's// really up to you depending on your project)Serial.begin(115200);while (!Serial); // wait for Leonardo enumeration, others continue immediately// initialize deviceSerial.println(F("Initializing I2C devices..."));mpu.initialize();pinMode(INTERRUPT_PIN, INPUT);// verify connectionSerial.println(F("Testing device connections..."));Serial.println(mpu.testConnection() ? F("MPU6050 connection successful") : F("MPU6050 connection failed"));// wait for readySerial.println(F("\nSend any character to begin DMP programming and demo: "));while (Serial.available() && Serial.read()); // empty bufferwhile (!Serial.available()); // wait for datawhile (Serial.available() && Serial.read()); // empty buffer again// load and configure the DMPSerial.println(F("Initializing DMP..."));devStatus = mpu.dmpInitialize();// supply your own gyro offsets here, scaled for min sensitivitympu.setXGyroOffset(220);mpu.setYGyroOffset(76);mpu.setZGyroOffset(-85);mpu.setZAccelOffset(1788); // 1688 factory default for my test chip// make sure it worked (returns 0 if so)if (devStatus == 0) {// Calibration Time: generate offsets and calibrate our MPU6050mpu.CalibrateAccel(6);mpu.CalibrateGyro(6);mpu.PrintActiveOffsets();// turn on the DMP, now that it's readySerial.println(F("Enabling DMP..."));mpu.setDMPEnabled(true);// enable Arduino interrupt detectionSerial.print(F("Enabling interrupt detection (Arduino external interrupt "));Serial.print(digitalPinToInterrupt(INTERRUPT_PIN));Serial.println(F(")..."));attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(INTERRUPT_PIN), dmpDataReady, RISING);mpuIntStatus = mpu.getIntStatus();// set our DMP Ready flag so the main loop() function knows it's okay to use itSerial.println(F("DMP ready! Waiting for first interrupt..."));dmpReady = true;// get expected DMP packet size for later comparisonpacketSize = mpu.dmpGetFIFOPacketSize();} else {// ERROR!// 1 = initial memory load failed// 2 = DMP configuration updates failed// (if it's going to break, usually the code will be 1)Serial.print(F("DMP Initialization failed (code "));Serial.print(devStatus);Serial.println(F(")"));}
}void loop() {// if programming failed, don't try to do anythingif (!dmpReady) return;if (mpu.dmpGetCurrentFIFOPacket(fifoBuffer)) { // Get the Latest packet mpu.dmpGetQuaternion(&q, fifoBuffer);mpu.dmpGetGravity(&gravity, &q);mpu.dmpGetYawPitchRoll(ypr, &q, &gravity);Serial.print("ypr\t");Serial.print(ypr[0] * 180/M_PI);Serial.print("\t");Serial.print(ypr[1] * 180/M_PI);Serial.print("\t");Serial.println(ypr[2] * 180/M_PI);}
}例程7：测试蜂鸣器
/*******************************************************Baize_ServoDriver_esp32功能：测试蜂鸣器引脚：Ｄ2(GPIO2)Designer: AllenE-mail:953598974@qq.comDate:2022-08-22*******************************************************/
#define LED_PWM 2 //把调用的GPIO引脚进行了一个宏定义
int freq = 5000;
int ledChannel = 0;
int resolution = 8;
void setup() {ledcSetup(ledChannel, freq, resolution);ledcAttachPin(LED_PWM, ledChannel);
}
void loop() {ledcWrite(ledChannel, 180);delay(100);ledcWrite(ledChannel, 0);delay(100);
}例程8：带电压监测的板子测试程序
升级版，主控esp32。供电范围5-12V。当我用7.4V的2S锂电池给舵机供电时，用这个程序来进行板子测试，由于测试时间较长，担心电池过放，所以通过电压监测，当电压过低时，将不再驱动舵机工作。
/*******************************************************Baize_ServoDriver_esp32功能：测试显示屏引脚：MOSI:21 CLK:18 RS:12 RES:13 CS:5 BLK:15Designer: AllenE-mail:953598974@qq.comDate:2022-08-22
*******************************************************/#include <Wire.h>
#include <Adafruit_PWMServoDriver.h>Adafruit_PWMServoDriver pwm = Adafruit_PWMServoDriver();
Adafruit_PWMServoDriver pwm1 = Adafruit_PWMServoDriver(0x41);#define SERVOMIN 102 //0.5/20 * 4096 = 102
#define SERVOMAX 512 //2.5/20 * 4096 = 512
//pcb板测试时，如果是2S的锂电池供电，则以此电压为阈值，低于此电压时，不再驱动舵机运动，保护电池。
float voltage_threshold = 6.5;
int voltage_testpin = 26;
float voltage_b = 0.0;bool servo_f = 1;void setup() {Serial.begin(115200);Serial.println();Serial.println("16 channel Servo test!");pwm.begin();pwm1.begin();pwm.setPWMFreq(50); // Analog servos run at ~50 Hz updatespwm1.setPWMFreq(50); // Analog servos run at ~50 Hz updatesdelay(200);for(int i=0;i<16;i++){pwm.setPWM(i, 0, SERVOMIN); // 驱动32路舵机转到0度pwm1.setPWM(i, 0, SERVOMIN);// 驱动32路舵机转到0度}delay(2000);for (uint16_t pulselen = SERVOMIN; pulselen < SERVOMAX; pulselen++) {for(int i=0;i<16;i++){pwm.setPWM(i, 0, pulselen);pwm1.setPWM(i, 0, pulselen);}delayMicroseconds(200);}
}void loop() {if(servo_f==1){for (uint16_t pulselen = SERVOMIN; pulselen < SERVOMAX; pulselen++) {for(int i=0;i<16;i++){pwm.setPWM(i, 0, pulselen);pwm1.setPWM(i, 0, pulselen);}delayMicroseconds(200);}//电压检测int voltage_sum = 0.0;for(int i=0;i<10;i++){voltage_sum += float(analogRead(voltage_testpin))/4095.0*3.3*4.0;Serial.println(analogRead(voltage_testpin));delay(100);}voltage_b = voltage_sum / 10.0;Serial.println(voltage_b);if(voltage_b<voltage_threshold)servo_f = 0;for(int i=0;i<16;i++){pwm.setPWM(i, 0, SERVOMIN); // 驱动32路舵机转到0度pwm1.setPWM(i, 0, SERVOMIN);// 驱动32路舵机转到0度}delay(2000);}}例程9：显示屏测试
我们还是使用TFT_ESPI库来驱动这块屏幕，首先进行自定义设置：
最终Setup24_ST7789.h文件内容如下：
// ST7789 240 x 240 display with no chip select line
#define USER_SETUP_ID 24#define ST7789_DRIVER // Configure all registers#define TFT_WIDTH 135
#define TFT_HEIGHT 240//#define TFT_RGB_ORDER TFT_RGB // Colour order Red-Green-Blue
//#define TFT_RGB_ORDER TFT_BGR // Colour order Blue-Green-Red//#define TFT_INVERSION_ON
//#define TFT_INVERSION_OFF// DSTIKE stepup
//#define TFT_DC 23
//#define TFT_RST 32
//#define TFT_MOSI 26
//#define TFT_SCLK 27// Generic ESP32 setup
#define TFT_MISO 19
#define TFT_MOSI 23
#define TFT_SCLK 18
#define TFT_CS 5 // Not connected
#define TFT_DC 12
#define TFT_RST 13 // Connect reset to ensure display initialises#define TFT_BL 15
#define TFT_BACKLIGHT_ON HIGH // Level to turn ON back-light (HIGH or LOW)// For NodeMCU - use pin numbers in the form PIN_Dx where Dx is the NodeMCU pin designation
// #define TFT_CS -1 // Define as not used
// #define TFT_DC PIN_D1 // Data Command control pin
// #define TFT_RST PIN_D4 // TFT reset pin (could connect to NodeMCU RST, see next line)
//#define TFT_RST -1 // TFT reset pin connect to NodeMCU RST, must also then add 10K pull down to TFT SCK#define LOAD_GLCD // Font 1. Original Adafruit 8 pixel font needs ~1820 bytes in FLASH
#define LOAD_FONT2 // Font 2. Small 16 pixel high font, needs ~3534 bytes in FLASH, 96 characters
#define LOAD_FONT4 // Font 4. Medium 26 pixel high font, needs ~5848 bytes in FLASH, 96 characters
#define LOAD_FONT6 // Font 6. Large 48 pixel font, needs ~2666 bytes in FLASH, only characters 1234567890:-.apm
#define LOAD_FONT7 // Font 7. 7 segment 48 pixel font, needs ~2438 bytes in FLASH, only characters 1234567890:.
#define LOAD_FONT8 // Font 8. Large 75 pixel font needs ~3256 bytes in FLASH, only characters 1234567890:-.
//#define LOAD_FONT8N // Font 8. Alternative to Font 8 above, slightly narrower, so 3 digits fit a 160 pixel TFT
#define LOAD_GFXFF // FreeFonts. Include access to the 48 Adafruit_GFX free fonts FF1 to FF48 and custom fonts#define SMOOTH_FONT// #define SPI_FREQUENCY 27000000
#define SPI_FREQUENCY 40000000#define SPI_READ_FREQUENCY 20000000#define SPI_TOUCH_FREQUENCY 2500000// #define SUPPORT_TRANSACTIONS注释原本的设置文件，并将自定义设置文件取消注释使之生效：
然后烧录例程程序即可，打开如下例程：
然后添加一句屏幕旋转的代码：
效果如下图：
自定义代码：
/*******************************************************Baize_ServoDriver_esp32功能：测试显示屏引脚：MOSI:21 CLK:18 RS:12 RES:13 CS:5 BLK:15Designer: AllenE-mail:953598974@qq.comDate:2022-08-22
*******************************************************/
#include <SPI.h>
#include <TFT_eSPI.h>TFT_eSPI TFT = TFT_eSPI();void setup() {TFT.init();TFT.setRotation(3);TFT.fillScreen(TFT_BLACK);TFT.initDMA();
}void loop() {TFT.setCursor(10, 10, 4);//前俩参数是位置(横纵坐标),第三个参数是字体大小TFT.setTextColor(TFT_WHITE, TFT_BLACK);TFT.println("Hello Allen!\n");
}效果：
/*******************************************************Baize_ServoDriver_esp32功能：测试显示屏引脚：MOSI:21 CLK:18 RS:12 RES:13 CS:5 BLK:15Designer: AllenE-mail:953598974@qq.comDate:2022-08-22
*******************************************************/
#include <SPI.h>
#include <TFT_eSPI.h>TFT_eSPI TFT = TFT_eSPI();void setup() {TFT.init();TFT.setRotation(3);TFT.fillScreen(TFT_BLACK);TFT.initDMA();
}void loop() {for(int i=0;i<100;i++){TFT.setCursor(10, 10, 4);//前俩参数是位置(横纵坐标),第三个参数是字体大小TFT.setTextColor(TFT_WHITE, TFT_BLACK);TFT.println("Voltage:\n"); TFT.setCursor(105, 10, 4);//前俩参数是位置(横纵坐标),第三个参数是字体大小TFT.setTextColor(TFT_WHITE, TFT_BLACK);TFT.println(i); delay(1000);}}例程10：显示屏电压监测
/*******************************************************Baize_ServoDriver_esp32功能：测试显示屏引脚：MOSI:21 CLK:18 RS:12 RES:13 CS:5 BLK:15Designer: AllenE-mail:953598974@qq.comDate:2022-08-22
*******************************************************/#include <Wire.h>
#include <Adafruit_PWMServoDriver.h>
#include <SPI.h>
#include <TFT_eSPI.h>TFT_eSPI TFT = TFT_eSPI();Adafruit_PWMServoDriver pwm = Adafruit_PWMServoDriver();
Adafruit_PWMServoDriver pwm1 = Adafruit_PWMServoDriver(0x41);#define SERVOMIN 102 //0.5/20 * 4096 = 102
#define SERVOMID 307 //(102+512)/2=307
#define SERVOMAX 512 //2.5/20 * 4096 = 512
//pcb板测试时，如果是2S的锂电池供电，则以此电压为阈值，低于此电压时，不再驱动舵机运动，保护电池。
int voltage_testpin = 16;
float vol = 0.0;void setup() {TFT.init();TFT.setRotation(3);TFT.fillScreen(TFT_BLACK);TFT.initDMA();Serial.begin(115200);Serial.println();Serial.println("16 channel Servo test!");pwm.begin();pwm1.begin();pwm.setPWMFreq(50); // Analog servos run at ~50 Hz updatespwm1.setPWMFreq(50); // Analog servos run at ~50 Hz updatesdelay(200);for(int i=0;i<16;i++){pwm.setPWM(i, 0, SERVOMIN); // 驱动32路舵机转到0度pwm1.setPWM(i, 0, SERVOMIN);// 驱动32路舵机转到0度}delay(2000);for (uint16_t pulselen = SERVOMIN; pulselen < SERVOMAX; pulselen++) {for(int i=0;i<16;i++){pwm.setPWM(i, 0, pulselen);pwm1.setPWM(i, 0, pulselen);}delayMicroseconds(200);}
}void loop() {//全部舵机转到0度for(int i=0;i<16;i++){pwm.setPWM(i, 0, SERVOMIN);pwm1.setPWM(i, 0, SERVOMIN);}delayMicroseconds(200);vol = float(analogRead(voltage_testpin))/4095.0*3.3*4.0;TFT.setCursor(10, 10, 4);//前俩参数是位置(横纵坐标),第三个参数是字体大小TFT.setTextColor(TFT_WHITE, TFT_BLACK);TFT.println("Voltage:\n"); TFT.setCursor(105, 10, 4);//前俩参数是位置(横纵坐标),第三个参数是字体大小TFT.setTextColor(TFT_WHITE, TFT_BLACK);TFT.println(vol); delay(1000);//全部舵机转到90度for(int i=0;i<16;i++){pwm.setPWM(i, 0, SERVOMID);pwm1.setPWM(i, 0, SERVOMID);}delayMicroseconds(200);vol = float(analogRead(voltage_testpin))/4095.0*3.3*4.0;TFT.setCursor(10, 10, 4);//前俩参数是位置(横纵坐标),第三个参数是字体大小TFT.setTextColor(TFT_WHITE, TFT_BLACK);TFT.println("Voltage:\n"); TFT.setCursor(105, 10, 4);//前俩参数是位置(横纵坐标),第三个参数是字体大小TFT.setTextColor(TFT_WHITE, TFT_BLACK);TFT.println(vol); delay(1000);//全部舵机转到180度for(int i=0;i<16;i++){pwm.setPWM(i, 0, SERVOMAX);pwm1.setPWM(i, 0, SERVOMAX);}delayMicroseconds(200);vol = float(analogRead(voltage_testpin))/4095.0*3.3*4.0;TFT.setCursor(10, 10, 4);//前俩参数是位置(横纵坐标),第三个参数是字体大小TFT.setTextColor(TFT_WHITE, TFT_BLACK);TFT.println("Voltage:\n"); TFT.setCursor(105, 10, 4);//前俩参数是位置(横纵坐标),第三个参数是字体大小TFT.setTextColor(TFT_WHITE, TFT_BLACK);TFT.println(vol); delay(1000);//全部舵机转到90度for(int i=0;i<16;i++){pwm.setPWM(i, 0, SERVOMID);pwm1.setPWM(i, 0, SERVOMID);}delayMicroseconds(200);vol = float(analogRead(voltage_testpin))/4095.0*3.3*4.0;TFT.setCursor(10, 10, 4);//前俩参数是位置(横纵坐标),第三个参数是字体大小TFT.setTextColor(TFT_WHITE, TFT_BLACK);TFT.println("Voltage:\n"); TFT.setCursor(105, 10, 4);//前俩参数是位置(横纵坐标),第三个参数是字体大小TFT.setTextColor(TFT_WHITE, TFT_BLACK);TFT.println(vol); delay(1000);}例程11：角度映射
/*******************************************************Baize_ServoDriver_esp32功能：角度映射引脚：SDA:21 SCL:22对于ARDUINO UNO，SCL:A5，SDA:A4Designer: AllenE-mail:953598974@qq.comDate:2022-08-24
*******************************************************///#define SERVOMIN 102 //0.5/20 * 4096 = 102
//#define SERVOMID 307 //1.5/20 * 4096 = 307
//#define SERVOMAX 512 //2.5/20 * 4096 = 512
//实际测试
#define SERVOMIN 102
#define SERVOMID 327
#define SERVOMAX 552int hello[18]={1500,1529,1500,1549,1529,1481,1434,1500,1355,1466,1513,1546,1423,1452,1500,1444,1529,1586};void setup() {// put your setup code here, to run once:Serial.begin(115200);Serial.print("{");delay(1);for(int i=0;i<18;i++){Serial.print(map(hello[i],500,2500,SERVOMIN,SERVOMAX));Serial.print(",");delay(1);}Serial.print("}");}void loop() {// put your main code here, to run repeatedly:}例程12：串口控制舵机角度
/*******************************************************Baize_ServoDriver_esp32功能：串口输入角度，板子驱动舵机转到该角度引脚：SDA:21 SCL:22Designer: AllenE-mail:953598974@qq.comDate:2022-08-23*******************************************************/
#include <Wire.h>
#include <Adafruit_PWMServoDriver.h>Adafruit_PWMServoDriver pwm = Adafruit_PWMServoDriver(); //驱动1~16或(0~15)号舵机
Adafruit_PWMServoDriver pwm1 = Adafruit_PWMServoDriver(0x41); //驱动17~32或(16~31)号舵机#define SERVOMIN 102 //0.5/20 * 4096 = 102
#define SERVOMID 307 //1.5/20 * 4096 = 307
#define SERVOMAX 512 //2.5/20 * 4096 = 512void setup() {// put your setup code here, to run once:Serial.begin(115200);pwm.begin();pwm1.begin();pwm.setPWMFreq(50); // Analog servos run at ~50 Hz updatespwm1.setPWMFreq(50); // Analog servos run at ~50 Hz updates}void loop() {// put your main code here, to run repeatedly:while(!(Serial.available()>0));int pwm=Serial.parseInt();for(int i=0;i<16;i++){pwm.setPWM(i, 0, pwm);}pwm1.setPWM(0, 0, pwm);pwm1.setPWM(1, 0, pwm);delay(500);}例程13：从显示屏上显示欧拉角
/*******************************************************Baize_ServoDriver_esp32功能：屏幕显示欧拉角引脚：MOSI:21 CLK:18 RS:12 RES:13 CS:5 BLK:15Designer: AllenE-mail:953598974@qq.comDate:2022-09-09 23:03
*******************************************************/
#include <SPI.h>
#include <TFT_eSPI.h>TFT_eSPI TFT = TFT_eSPI();#include "I2Cdev.h"#include "MPU6050_6Axis_MotionApps20.h"#if I2CDEV_IMPLEMENTATION == I2CDEV_ARDUINO_WIRE#include "Wire.h"
#endifMPU6050 mpu;#define OUTPUT_READABLE_YAWPITCHROLL#define INTERRUPT_PIN 2 // use pin 2 on Arduino Uno & most boards
bool blinkState = false;bool dmpReady = false; // set true if DMP init was successful
uint8_t mpuIntStatus; // holds actual interrupt status byte from MPU
uint8_t devStatus; // return status after each device operation (0 = success, !0 = error)
uint16_t packetSize; // expected DMP packet size (default is 42 bytes)
uint16_t fifoCount; // count of all bytes currently in FIFO
uint8_t fifoBuffer[64]; // FIFO storage buffer// orientation/motion vars
Quaternion q; // [w, x, y, z] quaternion container
VectorInt16 aa; // [x, y, z] accel sensor measurements
VectorInt16 aaReal; // [x, y, z] gravity-free accel sensor measurements
VectorInt16 aaWorld; // [x, y, z] world-frame accel sensor measurements
VectorFloat gravity; // [x, y, z] gravity vector
float euler[3]; // [psi, theta, phi] Euler angle container
float ypr[3]; // [yaw, pitch, roll] yaw/pitch/roll container and gravity vector// packet structure for InvenSense teapot demo
uint8_t teapotPacket[14] = { '$', 0x02, 0,0, 0,0, 0,0, 0,0, 0x00, 0x00, '\r', '\n' };volatile bool mpuInterrupt = false; // indicates whether MPU interrupt pin has gone high
void dmpDataReady() {mpuInterrupt = true;
}void setup() {TFT.init();TFT.setRotation(3);TFT.fillScreen(TFT_BLACK);TFT.initDMA();// join I2C bus (I2Cdev library doesn't do this automatically)#if I2CDEV_IMPLEMENTATION == I2CDEV_ARDUINO_WIREWire.begin();Wire.setClock(400000); // 400kHz I2C clock. Comment this line if having compilation difficulties#elif I2CDEV_IMPLEMENTATION == I2CDEV_BUILTIN_FASTWIREFastwire::setup(400, true);#endif// initialize serial communication// (115200 chosen because it is required for Teapot Demo output, but it's// really up to you depending on your project)Serial.begin(115200);while (!Serial); // wait for Leonardo enumeration, others continue immediately// initialize deviceSerial.println(F("Initializing I2C devices..."));mpu.initialize();pinMode(INTERRUPT_PIN, INPUT);// verify connectionSerial.println(F("Testing device connections..."));Serial.println(mpu.testConnection() ? F("MPU6050 connection successful") : F("MPU6050 connection failed"));// wait for readySerial.println(F("\nSend any character to begin DMP programming and demo: "));while (Serial.available() && Serial.read()); // empty bufferwhile (!Serial.available()); // wait for datawhile (Serial.available() && Serial.read()); // empty buffer again// load and configure the DMPSerial.println(F("Initializing DMP..."));devStatus = mpu.dmpInitialize();// supply your own gyro offsets here, scaled for min sensitivitympu.setXGyroOffset(220);mpu.setYGyroOffset(76);mpu.setZGyroOffset(-85);mpu.setZAccelOffset(1788); // 1688 factory default for my test chip// make sure it worked (returns 0 if so)if (devStatus == 0) {// Calibration Time: generate offsets and calibrate our MPU6050mpu.CalibrateAccel(6);mpu.CalibrateGyro(6);mpu.PrintActiveOffsets();// turn on the DMP, now that it's readySerial.println(F("Enabling DMP..."));mpu.setDMPEnabled(true);// enable Arduino interrupt detectionSerial.print(F("Enabling interrupt detection (Arduino external interrupt "));Serial.print(digitalPinToInterrupt(INTERRUPT_PIN));Serial.println(F(")..."));attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(INTERRUPT_PIN), dmpDataReady, RISING);mpuIntStatus = mpu.getIntStatus();// set our DMP Ready flag so the main loop() function knows it's okay to use itSerial.println(F("DMP ready! Waiting for first interrupt..."));dmpReady = true;// get expected DMP packet size for later comparisonpacketSize = mpu.dmpGetFIFOPacketSize();} else {// ERROR!// 1 = initial memory load failed// 2 = DMP configuration updates failed// (if it's going to break, usually the code will be 1)Serial.print(F("DMP Initialization failed (code "));Serial.print(devStatus);Serial.println(F(")"));}
}void loop() {TFT.setCursor(10, 10, 4);//前俩参数是位置(横纵坐标),第三个参数是字体大小TFT.setTextColor(TFT_WHITE, TFT_BLACK);TFT.println("R:");TFT.setCursor(50, 10, 4);TFT.println(ypr[0] * 180/M_PI);TFT.setCursor(10, 40, 4);//前俩参数是位置(横纵坐标),第三个参数是字体大小TFT.setTextColor(TFT_WHITE, TFT_BLACK);TFT.println("P:");TFT.setCursor(50, 40, 4);TFT.println(ypr[1] * 180/M_PI);TFT.setCursor(10, 70, 4);//前俩参数是位置(横纵坐标),第三个参数是字体大小TFT.setTextColor(TFT_WHITE, TFT_BLACK);TFT.println("Y:");TFT.drawFloat(ypr[2] * 180/M_PI, 3, 50, 70); // Draw float using current font
// TFT.setCursor(50, 70, 4);
// TFT.println(ypr[2] * 180/M_PI);// if programming failed, don't try to do anythingif (!dmpReady) return;if (mpu.dmpGetCurrentFIFOPacket(fifoBuffer)) { // Get the Latest packet mpu.dmpGetQuaternion(&q, fifoBuffer);mpu.dmpGetGravity(&gravity, &q);mpu.dmpGetYawPitchRoll(ypr, &q, &gravity);Serial.print("ypr\t");Serial.print(ypr[0] * 180/M_PI);Serial.print("\t");Serial.print(ypr[1] * 180/M_PI);Serial.print("\t");Serial.println(ypr[2] * 180/M_PI);}delay(50);TFT.fillScreen(TFT_BLACK);
}例程14：按键参数调节
/*******************************************************Baize_ServoDriver_esp32功能：按键调参引脚：MOSI:21 CLK:18 RS:12 RES:13 CS:5 BLK:15Designer: AllenE-mail:953598974@qq.comDate:2022-09-09 23:30
*******************************************************/
#include <SPI.h>
#include <TFT_eSPI.h>
#define key1 35
#define key2 34
#define key3 39
#define key4 36bool key1s=0,key2s=0,key3s=0,key4s=0;
int a=0,b=0;TFT_eSPI TFT = TFT_eSPI();
char cmd = 'e';//a:forward b:backward c:left d:right e:stop long times=0;void setup() {Serial.begin(115200);TFT.init();TFT.setRotation(3);TFT.fillScreen(TFT_BLACK);TFT.initDMA();pinMode(key1,INPUT);pinMode(key2,INPUT);pinMode(key3,INPUT);pinMode(key4,INPUT);times = millis();
}void loop() {
// TFT.setCursor(10, 10, 4);//前俩参数是位置(横纵坐标),第三个参数是字体大小
// TFT.setTextColor(TFT_WHITE, TFT_BLACK);
// TFT.println("Hello Allen!\n");if(cmd == 'a'){}else if(cmd == 'b'){}else if(cmd == 'd'){}else if(cmd =='e'){Serial.println("hello");if(digitalRead(key1)==1){delay(5);if(digitalRead(key1)==1){if(key1s==0){a++;key1s=1;}}}if(digitalRead(key1)==0){delay(5);if(digitalRead(key1)==0){if(key1s==1){key1s=0;}}}if(digitalRead(key2)==1){delay(5);if(digitalRead(key2)==1){if(key2s==0){a--;key2s=1;}}}if(digitalRead(key2)==0){delay(5);if(digitalRead(key2)==0){if(key2s==1){key2s=0;}}}}else if(cmd == 'f'){}TFT.setCursor(10, 10, 4);//前俩参数是位置(横纵坐标),第三个参数是字体大小TFT.setTextColor(TFT_WHITE, TFT_BLACK);TFT.println("a:");TFT.drawNumber(a, 50, 10); // Draw float using current fontif(millis()-times>100){TFT.fillScreen(TFT_BLACK);times = millis();}
}加强版，可以切换参数，多参数调节
/*******************************************************Baize_ServoDriver_esp32功能：按键调参引脚：MOSI:21 CLK:18 RS:12 RES:13 CS:5 BLK:15Designer: AllenE-mail:953598974@qq.comDate:2022-09-10 16:54
*******************************************************/
#include <SPI.h>
#include <TFT_eSPI.h>
#define key1 35
#define key2 34
#define key3 39
#define key4 36bool key1s=0,key2s=0,key3s=0,key4s=0;
int a=0,b=0;//光标位置，一共四行，定义为0，1，2，3
int insert_f=0;struct pr{String name;int num;
};pr pro[4]={"P:",0,"I:",0,"D:",0,"O:",0};TFT_eSPI TFT = TFT_eSPI();
char cmd = 'e';//a:forward b:backward c:left d:right e:stop long times=0;void setup() {Serial.begin(115200);TFT.init();TFT.setRotation(3);TFT.fillScreen(TFT_BLACK);TFT.initDMA();pinMode(key1,INPUT);pinMode(key2,INPUT);pinMode(key3,INPUT);pinMode(key4,INPUT);times = millis();
}void loop() {
// for(int i=0;i<4;i++)
// {
// TFT.setCursor(50, 30*(i), 4);//前俩参数是位置(横纵坐标),第三个参数是字体大小
// TFT.setTextColor(TFT_WHITE, TFT_BLACK);
// TFT.println(" ");
// }if(millis()-times>100){TFT.fillScreen(TFT_BLACK);times = millis();}// TFT.setCursor(10, 10, 4);//前俩参数是位置(横纵坐标),第三个参数是字体大小
// TFT.setTextColor(TFT_WHITE, TFT_BLACK);
// TFT.println("Hello Allen!\n");if(cmd == 'a'){}else if(cmd == 'b'){}else if(cmd == 'c'){}else if(cmd == 'd'){}else if(cmd =='e'){Serial.println("hello");if(digitalRead(key1)==1){delayMicroseconds(10);if(digitalRead(key1)==1){if(key1s==0){pro[insert_f].num++;key1s=1;}
// else
// {
// pro[insert_f].num++;
// delay(500);
// }}}if(digitalRead(key1)==0){delayMicroseconds(10);if(digitalRead(key1)==0){if(key1s==1){key1s=0;}}}if(digitalRead(key2)==1){delayMicroseconds(10);if(digitalRead(key2)==1){if(key2s==0){pro[insert_f].num--;key2s=1;}
// else
// {
// pro[insert_f].num--;
// delay(500);
// }}}if(digitalRead(key2)==0){delayMicroseconds(10);if(digitalRead(key2)==0){if(key2s==1){key2s=0;}}}//key3：向上翻页if(digitalRead(key3)==1){delayMicroseconds(10);if(digitalRead(key3)==1){if(key3s==0){if(insert_f==0){insert_f=3; }elseinsert_f--;key3s=1;}}}if(digitalRead(key3)==0){delayMicroseconds(10);if(digitalRead(key3)==0){if(key3s==1){key3s=0;}}}//key4：向下翻页if(digitalRead(key4)==1){delayMicroseconds(10);if(digitalRead(key4)==1){if(key4s==0){if(insert_f==3){insert_f=0; }elseinsert_f++;key4s=1;}}}if(digitalRead(key4)==0){delayMicroseconds(10);if(digitalRead(key4)==0){if(key4s==1){key4s=0;}}}}else if(cmd == 'f'){}for(int i=0;i<4;i++){TFT.setCursor(10, 30*(i), 4);//前俩参数是位置(横纵坐标),第三个参数是字体大小TFT.setTextColor(TFT_WHITE, TFT_BLACK);TFT.println(pro[i].name);TFT.drawNumber(pro[i].num, 50, 30*(i)); // Draw float using current font }TFT.setCursor(120, 30*(insert_f), 4);//前俩参数是位置(横纵坐标),第三个参数是字体大小TFT.setTextColor(TFT_WHITE, TFT_BLACK);TFT.println("<--");}例程15：连接wifi热点
/*******************************************************Baize_ServoDriver_esp32功能：连接WiFi热点引脚：key1:35 key2:34 key3:39 key4:36Designer: AllenE-mail:953598974@qq.comDate:2022-09-13 15:06
*******************************************************/
#include <WiFi.h>
#define MAX_SRV_CLIENTS 3 //最大同时联接数，即你想要接入的设备数量，8266tcpserver只能接入五个，哎const char *ssid = "Baize";
const char *password = "baizerobot"; WiFiServer server(8266);//你要的端口号，随意修改，范围0-65535
WiFiClient serverClients[MAX_SRV_CLIENTS];void setup()
{Serial.begin(9600);delay(10);pinMode(16, OUTPUT);digitalWrite(16, 0);WiFi.begin(ssid, password);while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED){delay(500);}server.begin();server.setNoDelay(true); //加上后才正常些
}void loop()
{blink();uint8_t i;if (server.hasClient()){for (i = 0; i < MAX_SRV_CLIENTS; i++){if (!serverClients[i] || !serverClients[i].connected()){if (serverClients[i]) serverClients[i].stop();//未联接,就释放serverClients[i] = server.available();//分配新的continue;}}WiFiClient serverClient = server.available();serverClient.stop();}for (i = 0; i < MAX_SRV_CLIENTS; i++){if (serverClients[i] && serverClients[i].connected()){digitalWrite(16, 0);//有链接存在,就一直长亮if (serverClients[i].available()){while (serverClients[i].available()) Serial.write(serverClients[i].read());}}}if (Serial.available()){size_t len = Serial.available();uint8_t sbuf[len];Serial.readBytes(sbuf, len);//push UART data to all connected telnet clientsfor (i = 0; i < MAX_SRV_CLIENTS; i++){if (serverClients[i] && serverClients[i].connected()){serverClients[i].write(sbuf, len); //向所有客户端发送数据delay(1);}}}
}void blink()
{static long previousMillis = 0;static int currstate = 0;if (millis() - previousMillis > 200) //200ms{previousMillis = millis();currstate = 1 - currstate;digitalWrite(16, currstate);}
}例程16：ESP32-ROS串口话题通信(发布话题)
/** rosserial Publisher Example* Prints "hello world!"*/
/*******************************************************Baize_ServoDriver_esp32功能：WiFi话题通信引脚：SDA:21 SCL:22Designer: AllenE-mail:953598974@qq.comDate:2022-09-13 19:35*******************************************************/#include <ros.h>
#include <std_msgs/String.h>
#include <SPI.h>
#include <TFT_eSPI.h> // Hardware-specific library
TFT_eSPI TFT = TFT_eSPI(); // Invoke custom libraryros::NodeHandle nh;
std_msgs::String str_msg;
ros::Publisher chatter("chatter", &str_msg);
char hello[15] = "hello world!";
long time_s=0;
void setup()
{nh.initNode();nh.advertise(chatter);TFT.init();TFT.setRotation(3);TFT.fillScreen(TFT_BLACK);TFT.initDMA();TFT.setCursor(0, 0, 4);// Set the font colour to be white with a black backgroundTFT.setTextColor(TFT_WHITE, TFT_BLACK);// We can now plot text on screen using the "print" classTFT.println("Initialised default\n"); time_s = millis();
}
void loop()
{str_msg.data = hello;chatter.publish( &str_msg );nh.spinOnce();time_s = millis(); delay(1000);
}例程17：ESP32-ROS串口话题通信(订阅话题消息并在显示屏上显示)
/*******************************************************Baize_ServoDriver_esp32功能：WiFi话题通信订阅消息并显示引脚：SDA:21 SCL:22Designer: AllenE-mail:953598974@qq.comDate:2022-09-13 21:40*******************************************************/#include <ros.h>
#include <std_msgs/String.h>#include <SPI.h>
#include <TFT_eSPI.h> // Hardware-specific library
TFT_eSPI TFT = TFT_eSPI(); // Invoke custom libraryvoid chatterCallback(const std_msgs::String& msg) {
// TFT.fillScreen(TFT_BLACK);TFT.setCursor(0, 30, 4);// Set the font colour to be white with a black backgroundTFT.setTextColor(TFT_WHITE, TFT_BLACK);// We can now plot text on screen using the "print" classTFT.println(msg.data);
}ros::NodeHandle nh;std_msgs::String str_msg;
ros::Publisher chatter("gun", &str_msg);
ros::Subscriber<std_msgs::String> sub("message", chatterCallback);
char hello[13] = "hello!";void setup()
{nh.initNode();nh.advertise(chatter);nh.subscribe(sub);TFT.init();TFT.setRotation(3);TFT.fillScreen(TFT_BLACK);TFT.initDMA();TFT.setCursor(0, 0, 4);// Set the font colour to be white with a black backgroundTFT.setTextColor(TFT_WHITE, TFT_BLACK);// We can now plot text on screen using the "print" classTFT.println("Initialised default\n");
}void loop()
{str_msg.data = hello;chatter.publish( &str_msg );nh.spinOnce();delay(1000);
}例程18：获取网络时间并显示在显示屏上
/**ESP32 最简单直接获取网络时间方法
*/#include <WiFi.h>
#include <SPI.h>
#include <TFT_eSPI.h>TFT_eSPI TFT = TFT_eSPI();#define NTP1 "ntp1.aliyun.com"
#define NTP2 "ntp2.aliyun.com"
#define NTP3 "ntp3.aliyun.com"//填写WIFI入网信息
const char* ssid = "Zhitong"; // WIFI账户
const char* password = "95359897"; // WIFI密码void setClock() {struct tm timeinfo;if (!getLocalTime(&timeinfo)){//如果获取失败，就开启联网模式，获取时间Serial.println("Failed to obtain time");// WiFi.disconnect(false);WiFi.mode(WIFI_STA);//开启网络 WiFi.begin(ssid, password);while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED){delay(500);Serial.print(".");}configTime(8 * 3600, 0, NTP1, NTP2,NTP3);return;}Serial.println(&timeinfo, "%F %T %A"); // 格式化输出:2021-10-24 23:00:44 SundaySerial.print(asctime(&timeinfo));//默认打印格式：Mon Oct 25 11:13:29 2021// WiFi.disconnect(true);//断开网络连接，关闭网络TFT.fillScreen(TFT_BLACK);TFT.setCursor(0, 0, 4);//前俩参数是位置(横纵坐标),第三个参数是字体大小TFT.setTextColor(TFT_WHITE, TFT_BLACK);TFT.println(asctime(&timeinfo));
}void setup()
{TFT.init();TFT.setRotation(3);TFT.fillScreen(TFT_BLACK);TFT.initDMA();Serial.begin(115200);Serial.println();//设置ESP32工作模式为无线终端模式WiFi.mode(WIFI_STA);WiFi.begin(ssid, password);while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED){delay(500);Serial.print(".");}Serial.println("WiFi connected!");configTime(8 * 3600, 0, NTP1, NTP2,NTP3);setClock();// 从网络时间服务器上获取并设置时间// 获取成功后芯片会使用RTC时钟保持时间的更新// WiFi.disconnect(true);//断开wifi网络
// WiFi.mode(WIFI_OFF);//关闭网络Serial.println("WiFi disconnected!");
}void loop()
{Serial.println("Waiting 10s before the next round...");delay(1000);setClock();
}问题汇总
1.焊接完成以后，esp32模组发烫
板子焊接完成之后，在测试过程中，发现esp32模组一直在发烫，找不到原因，用万用表测量之后发现3V3和GND短路了。但是不知道在整个电路中到底是哪个部分短路的，因为板子上有大量的3V3和GND。
然后考虑到，可以先把esp32模组取下来，然后再测试，由于取下来再焊上去非常麻烦。所以就用割板刀把esp32模组的3V3电源供电给断开，这样esp32模组就从3V3供电里面隔离出来了，然后再次用万用表测量之后，发现除了esp32模组之外，另一边的3V3和GND是正常的。而esp32模组这边的3V3和GND是短路的，这边只有esp32模组这一个元器件，所以推测是esp32模组短路，看来还是要拆下来esp32模组。
最终将esp32模组拆下来换了一个新的上去，发现一切正常。单独测量那个换下来的esp32模组，发现他本身还是短路的。
最终虽然解决了问题，但是由于模组都是新的，也不知道第一个模组是为什么短路了。
焊接是用的焊台焊接的，不知道是不是焊接过程中，esp32模组内部的元器件是否发生了错位，最后导致的模组内部短路。
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