CentOS 7 系统部署之四：磁盘扩容与调整
2024-05-14 05:16:06
许多情况之下，我们初期无法准确判断业务系统磁盘消耗需求或业务突发式暴增超过预期规划。此时，我们需要通过LVM特性来扩展磁盘分区。
[操作步骤]
1.检查当前的容量信息
[root@zabbix01 ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/cl_zabbix01-root 50G 8.1G 42G 17% / < 扩大
devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev
tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 1.9G 185M 1.7G 10% /run
tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 1014M 139M 876M 14% /boot
/dev/mapper/cl_zabbix01-home 445G 33M 445G 1% /home < 缩小
tmpfs 380M 0 380M 0% /run/user/0
2.将HOME挂载点容量进行缩小，缩减为100G；
※ 比较郁闷，我2次操作lvreduct都最终会出现superblock错误…有空再研究的
A.备份HOME挂载点数据
cp /home /home_bak
B.卸载HOME挂载点
umount /home
※ 如果无法卸载，请查询什么进程正在操作目录。
fuser -m -v -i -k /home
C.查询LV信息
[root@zabbix01 ~]# lvdisplay --- Logical volume ---LV Path /dev/cl_zabbix01/swapLV Name swapVG Name cl_zabbix01LV UUID Q5THVE-tuqB-fDXZ-m2q9-CpDw-TM0w-ab3atVLV Write Access read/writeLV Creation host, time zabbix01, 2017-08-24 14:02:35 +0800LV Status available# open 2LV Size 3.88 GiBCurrent LE 992Segments 1Allocation inheritRead ahead sectors auto- currently set to 8192Block device 253:1--- Logical volume ---LV Path /dev/cl_zabbix01/homeLV Name homeVG Name cl_zabbix01LV UUID QA7rqX-o7dJ-RBEa-sosC-T1gH-58fv-oKFQJqLV Write Access read/writeLV Creation host, time zabbix01, 2017-08-24 14:02:35 +0800LV Status available# open 0LV Size 445.12 GiBCurrent LE 113950Segments 1Allocation inheritRead ahead sectors auto- currently set to 8192Block device 253:2--- Logical volume ---LV Path /dev/cl_zabbix01/rootLV Name rootVG Name cl_zabbix01LV UUID i99Cqt-SB7n-cCmv-kEIZ-Q4ax-6TLm-uEVMvULV Write Access read/writeLV Creation host, time zabbix01, 2017-08-24 14:02:37 +0800LV Status available# open 1LV Size 50.00 GiBCurrent LE 12800Segments 1Allocation inheritRead ahead sectors auto- currently set to 8192Block device 253:0
D.删除HOME挂载点LV
[root@zabbix01 ~]# lvremove /dev/cl_zabbix01/home
Do you really want to remove active logical volume cl_zabbix01/home? [y/n]: yLogical volume "home" successfully removed
[root@zabbix01 ~]# lvdisplay --- Logical volume ---LV Path /dev/cl_zabbix01/swapLV Name swapVG Name cl_zabbix01LV UUID Q5THVE-tuqB-fDXZ-m2q9-CpDw-TM0w-ab3atVLV Write Access read/writeLV Creation host, time zabbix01, 2017-08-24 14:02:35 +0800LV Status available# open 2LV Size 3.88 GiBCurrent LE 992Segments 1Allocation inheritRead ahead sectors auto- currently set to 8192Block device 253:1--- Logical volume ---LV Path /dev/cl_zabbix01/rootLV Name rootVG Name cl_zabbix01LV UUID i99Cqt-SB7n-cCmv-kEIZ-Q4ax-6TLm-uEVMvULV Write Access read/writeLV Creation host, time zabbix01, 2017-08-24 14:02:37 +0800LV Status available# open 1LV Size 50.00 GiBCurrent LE 12800Segments 1Allocation inheritRead ahead sectors auto- currently set to 8192Block device 253:0
E.重建HOME挂载点LV
[root@zabbix01 ~]# lvcreate -L 100G -n home cl_zabbix01
WARNING: xfs signature detected on /dev/cl_zabbix01/home at offset 0. Wipe it? [y/n]: yWiping xfs signature on /dev/cl_zabbix01/home.
WARNING: xfs_external_log signature detected on /dev/cl_zabbix01/home at offset 82432. Wipe it? [y/n]: yWiping xfs_external_log signature on /dev/cl_zabbix01/home.
WARNING: xfs_external_log signature detected on /dev/cl_zabbix01/home at offset 84480. Wipe it? [y/n]: yWiping xfs_external_log signature on /dev/cl_zabbix01/home.
WARNING: xfs_external_log signature detected on /dev/cl_zabbix01/home at offset 86016. Wipe it? [y/n]: yWiping xfs_external_log signature on /dev/cl_zabbix01/home.
WARNING: xfs_external_log signature detected on /dev/cl_zabbix01/home at offset 87040. Wipe it? [y/n]: yWiping xfs_external_log signature on /dev/cl_zabbix01/home.
WARNING: xfs_external_log signature detected on /dev/cl_zabbix01/home at offset 88064. Wipe it? [y/n]: yWiping xfs_external_log signature on /dev/cl_zabbix01/home.
WARNING: xfs_external_log signature detected on /dev/cl_zabbix01/home at offset 89088. Wipe it? [y/n]: yWiping xfs_external_log signature on /dev/cl_zabbix01/home.
WARNING: xfs_external_log signature detected on /dev/cl_zabbix01/home at offset 94720. Wipe it? [y/n]: yWiping xfs_external_log signature on /dev/cl_zabbix01/home.
WARNING: xfs_external_log signature detected on /dev/cl_zabbix01/home at offset 95744. Wipe it? [y/n]: yWiping xfs_external_log signature on /dev/cl_zabbix01/home.Logical volume "home" created.
[root@zabbix01 ~]# lvdisplay --- Logical volume ---LV Path /dev/cl_zabbix01/swapLV Name swapVG Name cl_zabbix01LV UUID Q5THVE-tuqB-fDXZ-m2q9-CpDw-TM0w-ab3atVLV Write Access read/writeLV Creation host, time zabbix01, 2017-08-24 14:02:35 +0800LV Status available# open 2LV Size 3.88 GiBCurrent LE 992Segments 1Allocation inheritRead ahead sectors auto- currently set to 8192Block device 253:1--- Logical volume ---LV Path /dev/cl_zabbix01/rootLV Name rootVG Name cl_zabbix01LV UUID i99Cqt-SB7n-cCmv-kEIZ-Q4ax-6TLm-uEVMvULV Write Access read/writeLV Creation host, time zabbix01, 2017-08-24 14:02:37 +0800LV Status available# open 1LV Size 50.00 GiBCurrent LE 12800Segments 1Allocation inheritRead ahead sectors auto- currently set to 8192Block device 253:0--- Logical volume ---LV Path /dev/cl_zabbix01/homeLV Name homeVG Name cl_zabbix01LV UUID pR0etd-9Ey7-Nfvd-eESr-aoz9-BJfh-ETZK07LV Write Access read/writeLV Creation host, time zabbix01, 2019-09-04 20:48:42 +0800LV Status available# open 0LV Size 100.00 GiBCurrent LE 25600Segments 1Allocation inheritRead ahead sectors auto- currently set to 8192Block device 253:2
F.创建文件系统与挂载
[root@zabbix01 ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/cl_zabbix01/home
meta-data=/dev/cl_zabbix01/home isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=6553600 blks= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1= crc=1 finobt=0, sparse=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=26214400, imaxpct=25= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=12800, version=2= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
[root@zabbix01 ~]# mount /dev/cl_zabbix01/home /home
[root@zabbix01 ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/cl_zabbix01-root 50G 8.1G 42G 17% /
devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev
tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 1.9G 185M 1.7G 10% /run
tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 1014M 139M 876M 14% /boot
tmpfs 380M 0 380M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/cl_zabbix01-home 100G 33M 100G 1% /home
3.扩容ROOT挂载点LV，扩容大小100G
[root@zabbix01 ~]# vgdisplay --- Volume group ---VG Name cl_zabbix01System ID Format lvm2Metadata Areas 1Metadata Sequence No 6VG Access read/writeVG Status resizableMAX LV 0Cur LV 3Open LV 3Max PV 0Cur PV 1Act PV 1VG Size 499.00 GiBPE Size 4.00 MiBTotal PE 127743Alloc PE / Size 39392 / 153.88 GiBFree PE / Size 88351 / 345.12 GiBVG UUID 17Rk41-gnyW-z1Z1-E1fZ-eNeA-kZcr-5OwoxH[root@zabbix01 ~]# lvextend -L +100G /dev/mapper/cl_zabbix01-rootSize of logical volume cl_zabbix01/root changed from 50.00 GiB (12800 extents) to 150.00 GiB (38400 extents).Logical volume cl_zabbix01/root successfully resized.
[root@zabbix01 ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/cl_zabbix01-root
meta-data=/dev/mapper/cl_zabbix01-root isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=3276800 blks= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1= crc=1 finobt=0 spinodes=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=13107200, imaxpct=25= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log =internal bsize=4096 blocks=6400, version=2= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 13107200 to 39321600
※ 如果不操作xfs_growfs，df是无法看到扩展容量，但lvdisplay已经看到扩展容量。
最终容量状态
[root@zabbix01 ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/cl_zabbix01-root 150G 8.1G 142G 6% /
devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev
tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 1.9G 185M 1.7G 10% /run
tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 1014M 139M 876M 14% /boot
tmpfs 380M 0 380M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/cl_zabbix01-home 100G 33M 100G 1% /home[root@zabbix01 ~]# lvdisplay --- Logical volume ---LV Path /dev/cl_zabbix01/swapLV Name swapVG Name cl_zabbix01LV UUID Q5THVE-tuqB-fDXZ-m2q9-CpDw-TM0w-ab3atVLV Write Access read/writeLV Creation host, time zabbix01, 2017-08-24 14:02:35 +0800LV Status available# open 2LV Size 3.88 GiBCurrent LE 992Segments 1Allocation inheritRead ahead sectors auto- currently set to 8192Block device 253:1--- Logical volume ---LV Path /dev/cl_zabbix01/rootLV Name rootVG Name cl_zabbix01LV UUID i99Cqt-SB7n-cCmv-kEIZ-Q4ax-6TLm-uEVMvULV Write Access read/writeLV Creation host, time zabbix01, 2017-08-24 14:02:37 +0800LV Status available# open 1LV Size 150.00 GiBCurrent LE 38400Segments 2Allocation inheritRead ahead sectors auto- currently set to 8192Block device 253:0--- Logical volume ---LV Path /dev/cl_zabbix01/homeLV Name homeVG Name cl_zabbix01LV UUID pR0etd-9Ey7-Nfvd-eESr-aoz9-BJfh-ETZK07LV Write Access read/writeLV Creation host, time zabbix01, 2019-09-04 20:48:42 +0800LV Status available# open 1LV Size 100.00 GiBCurrent LE 25600Segments 1Allocation inheritRead ahead sectors auto- currently set to 8192Block device 253:2
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