(1)基础笔试命令考察

1.开启MySQL服务

/etc/init.d/mysqld start

service mysqld start

systemctl start mysqld

2.检测端口是否运行

lsof -i :3306

netstat -lntup |grep 3306

3.为MySQL设置密码或者修改密码

设置密码

mysql -uroot -ppassword -e "set passowrd for root = passowrd('passowrd')"

mysqladmin -uroot passowrd "NEWPASSWORD"

更改密码

mysqladmin -uroot passowrd oldpassowrd "NEWPASSWORD"

use mysql;

update user set passowrd = PASSWORD('newpassword') where user = 'root';flush privileges;

msyql 5.7以上版本修改默认密码命令

alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'root'

4.登陆MySQL数据库

mysql -uroot -ppassword

5.查看当前数据库的字符集

show create database DB_NAME;

6.查看当前数据库版本

mysql -V

mysql -uroot -ppassowrd -e "use mysql;select version();"

7.查看当前登录的用户

select user();

8.创建GBK字符集的数据库mingongge，并查看已建库完整语句

create database mingongge DEFAULT CHARSET GBK COLLATE gbk_chinese_ci;

#查看创建的库

show create database mingongge;

9.创建用户mingongge，使之可以管理数据库mingongge

grant all on mingongge.* to 'mingongge'@'localhost' identified by 'mingongge';

10.查看创建的用户mingongge拥有哪些权限

show grants for mingongge@localhost

11.查看当前数据库里有哪些用户

select user from mysql.user;

12.进入mingongge数据库

use mingongge

13.创建一innodb GBK表test，字段id int(4)和name varchar(16)

create table test (

id int(4),

name varchar(16)

)ENGINE=innodb DEFAULT CHARSET=gbk;

14.查看建表结构及表结构的SQL语句

desc test;

show create table test\G

15.插入一条数据“1,mingongge”

insert into test values('1','mingongge');

16.再批量插入2行数据 “2,民工哥”，“3,mingonggeedu”

insert into test values('2','民工哥'),('3','mingonggeedu');

17.查询名字为mingongge的记录

select * from test where name = 'mingongge';

18.把数据id等于1的名字mingongge更改为mgg

update test set name = 'mgg' where id = '1';

19.在字段name前插入age字段，类型tinyint(2)

alter table test add age tinyint(2) after id;

20.不退出数据库,完成备份mingongge数据库

system mysqldump -uroot -pMgg123.0. -B mingongge >/root/mingongge_bak.sql

21.删除test表中的所有数据，并查看

delete from test;

select * from test;

22.删除表test和mingongge数据库并查看

drop table test;

show tables;

drop database mingongge;

show databases;

23.不退出数据库恢复以上删除的数据

system mysql -uroot -pMgg123.0.

24.把库表的GBK字符集修改为UTF8

alter database mingongge default character set utf8;

alter table test default character set utf8;

25.把id列设置为主键，在Name字段上创建普通索引

alter table test add primary key(id);

create index mggindex on test(name(16));

26.在字段name后插入手机号字段(shouji)，类型char(11)

alter table test add shouji char(11);

#默认就是在最后一列后面插入新增列

27.所有字段上插入2条记录(自行设定数据)

insert into test values('4','23','li','13700000001'),('5','26','zhao','13710000001');

28.在手机字段上对前8个字符创建普通索引

create index SJ on test(shouji(8));

29.查看创建的索引及索引类型等信息

show index from test;

show create table test\G

#下面的命令也可以查看索引类型

show keys from test\G

30.删除Name，shouji列的索引

drop index SJ on test;

drop index mggindex on test;

31.对Name列的前6个字符以及手机列的前8个字符组建联合索引

create index lianhe on test(name(6),shouji(8));

32.查询手机号以137开头的，名字为zhao的记录(提前插入)

select * from test where shouji like '137%' and name = 'zhao';

33.查询上述语句的执行计划(是否使用联合索引等)

explain select * from test where name = 'zhao' and shouji like '137%'\G

34.把test表的引擎改成MyISAM

alter table test engine=MyISAM;

35.收回mingongge用户的select权限

revoke select on mingongge.* from mingongge@localhost;

36.删除mingongge用户

drop user migongge@localhost;

37.删除mingongge数据库

drop database mingongge

38.使用mysqladmin关闭数据库

mysqladmin -uroot -pMgg123.0. shutdown

lsof -i :3306

39.MySQL密码丢了，请找回？

mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables & #启动数据库服务

mysql -uroot -ppassowrd -e "use mysql;update user set passowrd = PASSWORD('newpassword') where user = 'root';flush privileges;"