flask 导出excel

Flask 导出Excel 的两种方法，第一种使用Flask-Excel

安装：

pip install Flask-Excel
pip install pyexcel-xls
pip install pyexcel-xlsx
pip install pyexcel-ods

除了安装主要的Falsk-Excel，还需要安装一些格式的扩展，需要导出什么格式就安装什么扩展

使用:

#extendsions.py
import flask_excel as excel#__init__.py
from hifeiji.extendsions import excel
excel.init_excel(app)#blueprint
#activity.py
import flask_excel as excel@activity_bp.route("/export", methods=['GET'])
@login_required
def export_records():content = [['No','Title','Name','Tel','Start','End','Service Time']]activityList = ActivityAtten.query.order_by(ActivityAtten.activity_start.asc()).all()if activityList:for value in activityList:new_content = []new_content = [value.activity_no,value.activity_title,value.activity_atten_name,value.activity_atten_tel,value.activity_start,value.activity_end,minutes2hours(value.activity_servicetime)]content.append(new_content)current_app.logger.info("exportActivity")return excel.make_response_from_array(content, "xlsx",file_name="exportActivity")

首先，要初始化Flask-Excel，

excel.init_excel(app)

重点是最后一句

return excel.make_response_from_array(content, "xlsx",file_name="exportActivity") #注释是这样的
(function) make_response_from_array: (array, file_type, status=200, file_name=None, **keywords) -> None

第二种是使用 xlsxwriter

首先安装

pip install xlswriter

xlsxwriter 不需要初始化，可以直接调用，代码如下

import xlsxwriter
import io@activity_bp.route("/exportActivity",methods=['GET'])
@login_required
def exportActivity():output = io.BytesIO()workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook(output)sheet = workbook.add_worksheet('考勤人员')activityList = Activity.query.order_by(Activity.starttime.asc()).all()format1 = {# 'bold': True,  # 字体加粗'align': 'center',  # 水平位置设置：居中'valign': 'vcenter',  # 垂直位置设置，居中# 'font_size': 14,  # '字体大小设置''border':1}title_format = workbook.add_format(format1)#构建格式并添加入实例format2={# 'bold':True,#字体加粗# 'num_format':'$#,##0',#货币数字显示样式'align':'center',#水平位置设置：居中'valign':'vcenter',#垂直位置设置，居中# 'font_size':16,#'字体大小设置'# 'font_name':'Courier New',#字体设置# 'italic':True,# 斜体设置# 'underline':1,#下划线设置 1.单下划线 2.双下划线 33.单一会计下划线 34双重会计下划线# 'font_color':"red",#字体颜色设置'border':1,#边框设置样式1# 'border_color':'green',#边框颜色# 'bg_color':'#c7ffec',#背景颜色设置}content_format = workbook.add_format(format2)row = 0number = 1if activityList:for index in range(len(activityList)):activityAttenList = ActivityAtten.query.filter_by(activity_no=activityList[index].no).all()if activityAttenList:title_date = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d", time.strptime(str(activityList[index].starttime), "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")) title = activityList[index].title# sheet.merge_range('B'+str(row)+':F'+str(row),str(index+1)+'.'+str(title_date)+' '+title)sheet.merge_range(row,1,row,5,str(number)+'.'+str(title_date)+' '+title,title_format)row = row+1sheet.set_column(row,1, 5) sheet.set_column(row,2, 10)sheet.set_column(row,3, 20)sheet.set_column(row,4, 20)sheet.set_column(row,5, 10)sheet.write(row,1,'序号',title_format)sheet.write(row,2,'姓名',title_format)sheet.write(row,3,'手机号码',title_format)sheet.write(row,4,'服务/培训时长',title_format)sheet.write(row,5,'备注',title_format)row = row+1for key in range(len(activityAttenList)):sheet.write(row,1,str(key+1),title_format)sheet.write(row,2,activityAttenList[key].activity_atten_name,title_format)sheet.write(row,3,activityAttenList[key].activity_atten_tel,title_format)sheet.write(row,4,minutes2hours(activityAttenList[key].activity_servicetime),title_format)sheet.write(row,5,'',title_format)row = row+1row = row+2 #每个活动换2行number = number+1 #活动序号workbook.close()response = make_response(output.getvalue())response.headers['Content-Type'] = "application/x-xlsx"response.headers["Cache-Control"] = "no-cache"response.headers["Content-Disposition"] = "attachment; filename=download.xlsx"return response

有几个点需要注意，如果想设置单元格的样式，可以这样：

    format1 = {# 'bold': True,  # 字体加粗'align': 'center',  # 水平位置设置：居中'valign': 'vcenter',  # 垂直位置设置，居中# 'font_size': 14,  # '字体大小设置''border':1}title_format = workbook.add_format(format1)#.......sheet.write(row,1,'序号',title_format)

write() 的方法是这样的

 #跟踪 write()方法，是这样的def write(self, row, col, *args):"""Write data to a worksheet cell by calling the appropriate write_*()method based on the type of data being passed.Args:row:   The cell row (zero indexed).col:   The cell column (zero indexed).*args: Args to pass to sub functions.Returns:0:    Success.-1:    Row or column is out of worksheet bounds.other: Return value of called method."""return self._write(row, col, *args)

行和列都从0 开始，比如A1，其实就是0,0

make_response() 方法使用时，要注意，是使用flask 中的make_response（）方法，而不是pyexcel 中的 make_response()，当初我就是在这里卡住了！两个方法是不一样的。

跟住make_response()方法

def make_response(*args: t.Any) -> "Response":"""Sometimes it is necessary to set additional headers in a view.  Becauseviews do not have to return response objects but can return a value thatis converted into a response object by Flask itself, it becomes tricky toadd headers to it.  This function can be called instead of using a returnand you will get a response object which you can use to attach headers.If view looked like this and you want to add a new header::def index():return render_template('index.html', foo=42)You can now do something like this::def index():response = make_response(render_template('index.html', foo=42))response.headers['X-Parachutes'] = 'parachutes are cool'return responseThis function accepts the very same arguments you can return from aview function.  This for example creates a response with a 404 errorcode::response = make_response(render_template('not_found.html'), 404)The other use case of this function is to force the return value of aview function into a response which is helpful with viewdecorators::response = make_response(view_function())response.headers['X-Parachutes'] = 'parachutes are cool'Internally this function does the following things:-   if no arguments are passed, it creates a new response argument-   if one argument is passed, :meth:`flask.Flask.make_response`is invoked with it.-   if more than one argument is passed, the arguments are passedto the :meth:`flask.Flask.make_response` function as tuple... versionadded:: 0.6"""if not args:return current_app.response_class()if len(args) == 1:args = args[0]return current_app.make_response(args)

从注释可以知道，response = make_response(render_template('index.html', foo=42))可以使用html 转存生成其他文件

以上是两种导出excel 的方法，

如果只是单纯导出报表，无需其他样式的，可以使用flask-excel，因为比较简单方便。

如果是需要有一定样式的，比如合拼单元格之类的，xlsxwriter 好用

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