gtk学习总结：GTK从入门到放弃，三天包教包会
2024-05-15 04:04:24
今天花了一些时间复习之前学习过的gtk，感觉东西光学不用忘得好快啊，在这做个之前学过的内容的备份，希望对大家有用，也希望大家不要从入门到放弃。文中有些代码例子可能来自《GTK从入门到精通》吧，我不记得了，或者叫《GTK中文教程》，忘记了，总之，这是一个学习笔记，希望不触及任何人的利益，起到共享学习之用。
目录
编译方法
编译脚本
01.一个简单的按钮
02.两个按钮
03.vbox：一张图片+一个按钮
04.一个简单的提示窗口：下一步+上一步+确定
05.多按钮：一个简单的键盘
06.一个简单的画图draw界面
07.带图片的按钮
08.多选按钮check button
09.单选按钮radio button
10.控制条scrollbar
11.箭头按钮create_arrow_button
12.标签label
12.子窗口：触发事件打开窗口
13.进度条progressbar
14.窗口标尺gtk_hruler_new
15.状态栏（条）gtk_statusbar_new
另一个例子
16.文本输入gtk_entry_new：可见/不可见，可输入/不可输入
规定最大长度的gtk_entry_new_with_max_length
输入文本执行一条命令
17.文件选择：gtk_file_selection_new
18.事件盒子gtk_event_box_new
19.固定容器：gtk_fixed_new
20.一个简单的frame：gtk_frame_new（不同于java的JFrame）
gtk_aspect_frame_new：更多选项的frame
21.滚动窗口：gtk_scrolled_window_new
又一个例子：滚动窗口中放按钮
22.按钮盒子：button box
显示动态图：直接引用GIF，用多张图片显示动图效果
24.画图接口：gdk_draw_arc，gdk_draw_rectangle
25.文本文件编辑gtk_text_view_new
26.菜单/工具栏：gtk_menu_new
27.工具栏/条：gtk_toolbar_new
28.浮动的工具条的菜单
29.一个文本编辑器：包含menu，toolbar，statusbar
30.模拟90坦克游戏：在frame中移动一个图片，键盘控制走向
31.pixmap：
32.固定调节数值的按钮:gtk_spin_button_new_with_range
33.分隔面板：gtk_hpanel_new，gtk_vpanel_new（未编译）
34.会话窗口：gtk_button_new_from_stock
35.字体选择：gtk_font_selection_dialog_new
36.几个画图的骚操作：gtk_drawing_area_new
先给出三个例子的效果：
代码1效果
代码2效果
代码3效果
代码1
代码2
代码3
最后寄语
编译方法
$ gcc main.c `pkg-config --libs --cflags gtk+-3.0`或者使用gtk-2.0。
编译脚本
#!/bin/bashif [ $# -lt 1 ]; thenecho "usage: $0 [main.c]"exit
figcc -o a $1 `pkg-config --libs --cflags gtk+-2.0`01.一个简单的按钮
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
//#include "temp.c"/* 这是一个回调函数。data 参数在本示例中被忽略。* 后面有更多的回调函数示例。*/
void hello( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data )
{g_print ("Hello World\n");//temp(data );
}gint delete_event( GtkWidget *widget, GdkEvent *event, gpointer data )
{/* 如果你的 "delete_event" 信号处理函数返回 FALSE，GTK 会发出 "destroy" 信号。* 返回 TRUE，你不希望关闭窗口。* 当你想弹出“你确定要退出吗?”对话框时它很有用。*/g_print ("delete event occurred\n");/* 改 TRUE 为 FALSE 程序会关闭。*/return FALSE;
}/* 另一个回调函数 */
void destroy( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data )
{gtk_main_quit ();
}int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{/* GtkWidget 是构件的存储类型 */GtkWidget *window;GtkWidget *button;/* 这个函数在所有的 GTK 程序都要调用。参数由命令行中解析出来并且送到该程序中*/gtk_init (&argc, &argv);/* 创建一个新窗口 */window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);/* 当窗口收到 "delete_event" 信号 (这个信号由窗口管理器发出，通常是“关闭”* 选项或是标题栏上的关闭按钮发出的)，我们让它调用在前面定义的 delete_event() 函数。* 传给回调函数的 data 参数值是 NULL，它会被回调函数忽略。*/g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "delete_event",G_CALLBACK (delete_event), NULL);/* 在这里我们连接 "destroy" 事件到一个信号处理函数。 * 对这个窗口调用 gtk_widget_destroy() 函数或在 "delete_event" 回调函数中返回 FALSE 值* 都会触发这个事件。*/g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy",G_CALLBACK (destroy), NULL);/* 设置窗口边框的宽度。*/gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10);/* 创建一个标签为 "Hello World" 的新按钮。*/button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Hello World");/* 当按钮收到 "clicked" 信号时会调用 hello() 函数，并将NULL传给* 它作为参数。hello() 函数在前面定义了。*/g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked",G_CALLBACK (hello), "1");/* 当点击按钮时，会通过调用 gtk_widget_destroy(window) 来关闭窗口。* "destroy" 信号会从这里或从窗口管理器发出。*/// g_signal_connect_swapped (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked",// G_CALLBACK (gtk_widget_destroy),window);/* 把按钮放入窗口 (一个 gtk 容器) 中。*/gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), button);/* 最后一步是显示新创建的按钮和窗口 */gtk_widget_show (button);gtk_widget_show (window);/* 所有的 GTK 程序必须有一个 gtk_main() 函数。程序运行停在这里* 等待事件 (如键盘事件或鼠标事件) 的发生。*/gtk_main ();return 0;
}02.两个按钮
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
/* 我们新改进的回调函数。传递到该函数的数据将打印到标准输出(stdout)。*/
void callback( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data )
{g_print ("%s ", (gchar *) data);
}
/* 另一个回调函数 */
gint delete_event( GtkWidget *widget, GdkEvent *event, gpointer data )
{gtk_main_quit ();return FALSE;
}int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{
/* GtkWidget 是构件的存储类型 */GtkWidget *window;GtkWidget *button;GtkWidget *box1;gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
/* 创建一个新窗口 */window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
/* 这是一个新的调用,设置窗口标题为"Hello Buttons!" */gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "Hello Buttons!");
/* 在这里我们为 delete_event 设置了一个处理函数来立即退出 GTK。*/g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "delete_event",G_CALLBACK (delete_event), NULL);
/* 设置窗口边框的宽度。 */gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 20);
/* 我们创建了一个组装盒。详情参见“组装”章节。我们看不见组装盒,它仅被作为排列构件的工具。*/box1 = gtk_hbox_new (FALSE, 1);
/* 把组装盒放入主窗口中。*/gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), box1);
/* 创建一个标签为 "Button 1" 的新按钮。*/button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Hello");
/* 当按钮被按下时,我们调用 "callback" 函数,并将一个指向 "button 1" 的指针作为它的参数。*/g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), "hello");
/* 代替 gtk_container_add,我们把按钮放入不可见的组装盒,该组合盒已经组装进窗口中了。*/gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX(box1), button, TRUE, TRUE, 0);
/* 总是记住这一步,它告诉 GTK 我们为这个按钮做的准备工作已经完成了,现在可以显示它了。*/gtk_widget_show (button);
/* 同样创建第二个按钮。*/button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("World");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), "World");gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX (box1), button, TRUE, TRUE, 0);gtk_widget_show (button);
/* 同样创建第3个按钮。*/button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("!");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), "!");gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX (box1), button, TRUE, TRUE, 0);gtk_widget_show (button);gtk_widget_show (box1);gtk_widget_show (window);
/* 停在这里等待事件发生。*/gtk_main ();return 0;
}
03.vbox：一张图片+一个按钮
/* 创建SPLASH窗口 splash.c */
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
//主函数
int main (int argc,char* argv[])
{GtkWidget* window ;GtkWidget* vbox ;GtkWidget* image ;GtkWidget* button ;gtk_init(&argc,&argv);window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_POPUP);//no boundarygtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"Splash窗口");g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"destroy",G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);//gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),20);//gtk_window_set_default_size(GTK_WINDOW(window),500,400);//gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(window),GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER);vbox = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0);gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),vbox);image = gtk_image_new_from_file("b.png");gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),image,FALSE,FALSE,0);button = gtk_button_new_with_label("Splash窗口");g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked",G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),button,FALSE,FALSE,0);gtk_widget_show_all(window);gtk_main();return FALSE;
}04.一个简单的提示窗口：下一步+上一步+确定
/* 每日提示 tips.c */
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
//XPM格式的图像数据，以C语言源代码形式存于文件中
static char * book_open_xpm[] = {"16 16 4 1"," c None s None",". c black","X c #808080","o c white"," "," .. "," .Xo. ... "," .Xoo. ..oo. "," .Xooo.Xooo... "," .Xooo.oooo.X. "," .Xooo.Xooo.X. "," .Xooo.oooo.X. "," .Xooo.Xooo.X. "," .Xooo.oooo.X. "," .Xoo.Xoo..X. "," .Xo.o..ooX. "," .X..XXXXX. "," ..X....... "," .. "," "};
//自定义提示信息
static gchar *info[5] = {"此软件用于测试每日提示功能的实现，如果你发现问题请及时回复。","我们的目的是把GTK+2.0的大多数功能奉献给每一位自由软件爱好者和开发者。","每一位Linux的支持者都会让我们增加一分信心，Linux最终仍是台式计算机操作系统。","计算机软件技术是一种科学技术，它和人类历史上其他的科学技术一样，是允许每一人自由使用的。","当前你测试完此程序后，请设法把它附加到你创作的软件当中去，这是你成功的第一步。"
};
static GtkWidget *window; //主窗口
static GtkWidget *frame; //框架
static GtkWidget *pre_button; //上一提示按钮
static GtkWidget *next_button; //下一提示按钮
static GtkWidget *label; //提示信息内容标签
static GtkWidget *title; //框架的标题
gint current_info = 0 ;//当前提示信息计数
GtkWidget* create_title (GtkWidget *data)
{ //创建框架控件的标题GtkWindow *title;GtkWidget *hbox;GtkWidget *image;GtkWidget *label;GdkPixmap *pixmap;GdkBitmap *mask;pixmap = gdk_pixmap_create_from_xpm_d(data->window,&mask,>K_WIDGET(data)->style->white,book_open_xpm);image = gtk_image_new_from_pixmap(pixmap,NULL);label = gtk_label_new("新的标题");hbox = gtk_hbox_new(FALSE,0);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),image,FALSE,FALSE,2);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),label,FALSE,FALSE,2);return hbox ;
}
GtkWidget* create_button (gchar* stockid,gchar* title)
{ //创建带图像的按钮GtkWidget *button;GtkWidget *image;GtkWidget *label;GtkWidget *hbox;image = gtk_image_new_from_stock(stockid,GTK_ICON_SIZE_MENU);label = gtk_label_new(title);hbox = gtk_hbox_new(FALSE,0);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),image,FALSE,FALSE,3);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),label,FALSE,FALSE,3);button = gtk_button_new();gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(button),hbox);return button;
}
void pre_info (GtkButton *button,gpointer data)
{ //上一提示gint i ;i = current_info - 1 ;if(i == -1) return ;if(i == 0 ) gtk_widget_set_sensitive(pre_button,FALSE);current_info = i ;gtk_widget_set_sensitive(next_button,TRUE);gtk_label_set_text(GTK_LABEL(label),info[current_info]);
}
void next_info (GtkButton *button,gpointer data)
{ //下一提示gint i ;i = current_info + 1 ;if(i == 5) return ;if(i == 4) gtk_widget_set_sensitive(next_button,FALSE);current_info = i ;gtk_widget_set_sensitive(pre_button,TRUE);gtk_label_set_text(GTK_LABEL(label),info[current_info]);
}
int main ( int argc , char* argv[])
{GtkWidget *hbox ;GtkWidget *vbox;GtkWidget *bbox;GtkWidget *button;GtkWidget *image;GtkWidget *title;gtk_init(&argc,&argv);window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"delete_event",G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"每日提示");gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(window),GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER);gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),10);gtk_widget_realize(window);vbox = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0);gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),vbox);hbox = gtk_hbox_new(FALSE,0);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),hbox,TRUE,TRUE,5);image = gtk_image_new_from_file("l.bmp");gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),image,FALSE,FALSE,5);frame = gtk_frame_new(NULL);title = create_title(window);gtk_frame_set_label_widget(GTK_FRAME(frame),title);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),frame,TRUE,TRUE,5);label = gtk_label_new(NULL);gtk_label_set_text(GTK_LABEL(label),info[0]);gtk_label_set_line_wrap(GTK_LABEL(label),TRUE);gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(frame),label);bbox = gtk_hbutton_box_new();gtk_button_box_set_layout(GTK_BUTTON_BOX(bbox),GTK_BUTTONBOX_END);gtk_box_set_spacing(GTK_BOX(bbox),5);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),bbox,FALSE,FALSE,5);button = gtk_check_button_new_with_label("每次启动时显示");gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(bbox),button,FALSE,FALSE,5);pre_button = create_button(GTK_STOCK_GO_BACK,"上一提示");gtk_widget_set_sensitive(pre_button,FALSE);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(pre_button),"clicked",G_CALLBACK(pre_info),NULL);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(bbox),pre_button,FALSE,FALSE,5);next_button = create_button(GTK_STOCK_GO_FORWARD,"下一提示");g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(next_button),"clicked",G_CALLBACK(next_info),NULL);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(bbox),next_button,FALSE,FALSE,5);button = gtk_button_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_OK);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked",G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(bbox),button,FALSE,FALSE,5);gtk_widget_show_all(window);gtk_main();return FALSE;
}效果：
05.多按钮：一个简单的键盘
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
/* 我们的回调。
* 传到这个函数的数据被打印到标准输出 */
void callback( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data )
{g_print ("%s", (char *) data);
}
/* 这个回调退出程序 */
gint delete_event( GtkWidget *widget, GdkEvent *event, gpointer data )
{gtk_main_quit ();return FALSE;
}
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{GtkWidget *window;GtkWidget *button;GtkWidget *table;gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
/* 创建一个新窗口 */window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
/* 设置窗口标题 */gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "Rong Tao's Keyboard");
/* 为 delete_event 设置一个立即退出 GTK 的处理函数。 */g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "delete_event", G_CALLBACK (delete_event), NULL);
/* 设置窗口的边框宽度。 */gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 20);
/* 创建一个 2x2 的表 */table = gtk_table_new (4, 20, TRUE);
/* 将表放进主窗口 */gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), table);
/* 创建第一个按钮 */button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Q");
/* 当这个按钮被点击时,我们调用 "callback" 函数,并将一个指向"button 1"的指针作为它的参数 */g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "q");
/* 将 button 1 插入表的左上象限(quadrant) */gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 0, 2, 0, 1);gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("W");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "w");gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 2, 4, 0, 1);gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("E");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "e");gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 4, 6, 0, 1);gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("R");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "r");gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 6, 8, 0, 1);gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("T");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "t");gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 8, 10, 0, 1);gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Y");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "y");gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 10, 12, 0, 1);gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("U");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "u");gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 12, 14, 0, 1);gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("I");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "i");gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 14, 16, 0, 1);gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("O");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "o");gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 16, 18, 0, 1);gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("P");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "p");gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 18, 20, 0, 1);gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("A");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "a");gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 1, 3, 1, 2);gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("S");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "s");gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 3, 5, 1, 2);gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("D");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "d");gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 5, 7, 1, 2);gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("F");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "f");gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 7, 9, 1, 2);gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("G");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "g");gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 9, 11, 1, 2);gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("H");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "h");gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 11, 13, 1, 2);gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("J");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "j");gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 13, 15, 1, 2);gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("K");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "k");gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 15, 17, 1, 2);gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("L");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "l");gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 17, 19, 1, 2);gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("'");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "'");gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 0, 2, 2, 3);gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Z");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "z");gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 2, 4, 2, 3);gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("X");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "x");gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 4, 6, 2, 3);gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("C");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "c");gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 6, 8, 2, 3);gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("V");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "v");gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 8, 10, 2, 3);gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("B");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "b");gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 10, 12, 2, 3);gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("N");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "n");gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 12, 14, 2, 3);gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("M");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "m");gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 14, 16, 2, 3);gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/button = gtk_button_new_with_label (",");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) ",");gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 16, 18, 2, 3);gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/button = gtk_button_new_with_label (".");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) ".");gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 18, 20, 2, 3);gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Enter");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "\n");gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 2, 6, 3, 4);gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/button = gtk_button_new_with_label (" ");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) " ");gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 6, 16, 3, 4);gtk_widget_show (button);
/* 创建"Quit"按钮 */button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Quit");
/* 当这个按钮被点击时,我们调用 "delete_event" 函数接着程序就退出了 */g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (delete_event), NULL);
/* 将退出按钮插入表的下面两个象限 */gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 16, 19, 3, 4);gtk_widget_show (button);gtk_widget_show (table);gtk_widget_show (window);gtk_main ();return 0;
}
06.一个简单的画图draw界面
/* 绘图软件 brush.c */
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
static GtkWidget *window = NULL;
static GdkPixmap *pixmap = NULL;
static gboolean
scribble_configure_event (GtkWidget *widget,GdkEventConfigure *event,gpointer data)
{if (pixmap)g_object_unref (G_OBJECT (pixmap));pixmap = gdk_pixmap_new (widget->window,widget->allocation.width,widget->allocation.height,-1);gdk_draw_rectangle (pixmap,widget->style->white_gc,TRUE,0,0,widget->allocation.width,widget->allocation.height);return TRUE;
}
static gboolean scribble_expose_event (GtkWidget *widget,GdkEventExpose *event,gpointer data)
{gdk_draw_drawable (widget->window,widget->style->fg_gc[GTK_WIDGET_STATE (widget)],pixmap,event->area.x, event->area.y,event->area.x, event->area.y,event->area.width, event->area.height);return FALSE;
}
static void draw_brush (GtkWidget *widget, gdouble x, gdouble y)
{GdkRectangle update_rect;update_rect.x = x - 3;update_rect.y = y - 3;update_rect.width = 6;update_rect.height = 6;gdk_draw_rectangle (pixmap,widget->style->black_gc,TRUE,update_rect.x, update_rect.y,update_rect.width, update_rect.height);gdk_window_invalidate_rect (widget->window,&update_rect,FALSE);
}
static gboolean scribble_button_press_event (GtkWidget *widget,GdkEventButton *event,gpointer data)
{if (pixmap == NULL)return FALSE;if (event->button == 1)draw_brush (widget, event->x, event->y);return TRUE;
}
static gboolean scribble_motion_notify_event (GtkWidget *widget,GdkEventMotion *event,gpointer data)
{int x, y;GdkModifierType state;if (pixmap == NULL)return FALSE;gdk_window_get_pointer (event->window, &x, &y, &state);if (state & GDK_BUTTON1_MASK)draw_brush (widget, x, y);return TRUE;
}
static gboolean checkerboard_expose (GtkWidget *da, GdkEventExpose *event,gpointer data)
{gint i, j, xcount, ycount;GdkGC *gc1, *gc2;GdkColor color;
#define CHECK_SIZE 10
#define SPACING 2gc1 = gdk_gc_new (da->window);color.red = 30000;color.green = 0;color.blue = 30000;gdk_gc_set_rgb_fg_color (gc1, &color);gc2 = gdk_gc_new (da->window);color.red = 65535;color.green = 65535;color.blue = 65535;gdk_gc_set_rgb_fg_color (gc2, &color);xcount = 0;i = SPACING;while (i < da->allocation.width){j = SPACING;ycount = xcount % 2;while (j < da->allocation.height){GdkGC *gc;if (ycount % 2)gc = gc1;elsegc = gc2;gdk_draw_rectangle (da->window, gc, TRUE,i, j, CHECK_SIZE, CHECK_SIZE);j += CHECK_SIZE + SPACING;++ycount;}i += CHECK_SIZE + SPACING;++xcount;}g_object_unref (G_OBJECT (gc1));g_object_unref (G_OBJECT (gc2));return TRUE;
}
int main (int argc,char* argv[])
{GtkWidget *frame;GtkWidget *vbox;GtkWidget *da;GtkWidget *label;gtk_init(&argc,&argv);window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "绘图软件");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT(window), "delete_event",G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL);gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10);vbox = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 8);gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (vbox), 8);gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), vbox);label = gtk_label_new (NULL);gtk_label_set_markup (GTK_LABEL (label),"<u>绘图区域</u>");gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), label, FALSE, FALSE, 0);frame = gtk_frame_new (NULL);gtk_frame_set_shadow_type (GTK_FRAME (frame), GTK_SHADOW_IN);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), frame, TRUE, TRUE, 0);da = gtk_drawing_area_new ();gtk_widget_set_size_request (da, 100, 100);gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), da);g_signal_connect (da, "expose_event",G_CALLBACK (scribble_expose_event), NULL);g_signal_connect (da, "configure_event",G_CALLBACK (scribble_configure_event), NULL);g_signal_connect (da, "motion_notify_event",G_CALLBACK (scribble_motion_notify_event), NULL);g_signal_connect (da, "button_press_event",G_CALLBACK (scribble_button_press_event), NULL);gtk_widget_set_events (da, gtk_widget_get_events (da)| GDK_LEAVE_NOTIFY_MASK| GDK_BUTTON_PRESS_MASK| GDK_POINTER_MOTION_MASK| GDK_POINTER_MOTION_HINT_MASK);gtk_widget_show_all (window);gtk_main();return FALSE;
}
07.带图片的按钮
/* 带图像的按钮 button.c */
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
void on_button_clicked (GtkWidget* button,gpointer data)
{//g_print("按钮 %s ",(gchar*)data);g_print("Button %s is pressed.\n",(gchar*)data);//g_print("被按了一下． \n");
}
//创建自己按钮的函数
GtkWidget* create_button1 (void)
{GtkWidget* box;GtkWidget* image;GtkWidget* label;GtkWidget* button;char* title = "文件家";image = gtk_image_new_from_file("dir2.jpg");label = gtk_label_new(title);box = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,2);gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(box),5);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),image,FALSE,FALSE,3);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),label,FALSE,FALSE,3);gtk_widget_show(image);gtk_widget_show(label);button = gtk_button_new();gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(button),box);gtk_widget_show(box);return button ;
}
GtkWidget* create_button2 (void)
{GtkWidget* box;GtkWidget* image;GtkWidget* label;GtkWidget* button;char* title = "蝙蝠侠";image = gtk_image_new_from_file("batman.jpg");label = gtk_label_new(title);box = gtk_hbox_new(FALSE,2);gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(box),5);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),image,FALSE,FALSE,3);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),label,FALSE,FALSE,3);gtk_widget_show(image);gtk_widget_show(label);button = gtk_button_new();gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(button),box);gtk_widget_show(box);return button ;
}
//主函数
int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{GtkWidget* window;GtkWidget* box;GtkWidget* button1;GtkWidget* button2;GtkWidget* button3;GtkWidget* button4;gchar* title = "带图像和快捷键的按钮";gchar* b1 = "Red apple";//"红苹果"gchar* b2 = "Small mushroom";//"小蘑菇"gchar* b3 = "Short key";//"快捷键"gchar* b4 = "OK";//"确认"gtk_init(&argc,&argv);window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),title);gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),20);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"destroy",G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);box = gtk_hbox_new(FALSE,0);gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),box);button1 = create_button1();g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button1),"clicked",G_CALLBACK(on_button_clicked),(gpointer)b1);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button1,FALSE,FALSE,5);button2 = create_button2();g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button2),"clicked",G_CALLBACK(on_button_clicked),(gpointer)b2);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button2,FALSE,FALSE,5);button3 = gtk_button_new_with_mnemonic("快捷键(_H)");g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button3),"clicked",G_CALLBACK(on_button_clicked),(gpointer)b3);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button3,FALSE,FALSE,5);button4 = gtk_button_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_OK);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button4),"clicked",G_CALLBACK(on_button_clicked),(gpointer)b4);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button4,FALSE,FALSE,5);gtk_widget_show_all(window);gtk_main();return FALSE ;
}
08.多选按钮check button
/* 多项选择窗口 checkbutton.c */
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
gboolean isbold = FALSE ;
gboolean isitli = FALSE ;
gboolean isuline = FALSE ;
gboolean iscolor = FALSE ;
void on_check_clicked (GtkWidget* check,gint data)
{switch((int)data){case 1:isbold = !isbold;break;case 2:isitli = !isitli;break;case 3:isuline = !isuline;break;case 4:iscolor = !iscolor;break;}
}
void on_button_clicked (GtkWidget *button,gpointer data)
{g_print("字体配置为：");if(isbold)g_print("粗体 ");if(isitli)g_print("斜体 ");if(isuline)g_print("下划线 ");if(iscolor)g_print("彩色 ");if( !isbold && !iscolor && !isuline && !isitli )g_print("正常，无任何选项");g_print("\n");
}
//主函数
int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{GtkWidget* window;GtkWidget* frame;GtkWidget* box;GtkWidget* button;GtkWidget* box1;GtkWidget* check1;GtkWidget* check2;GtkWidget* check3;GtkWidget* check4;char* title = "多项选择窗口";gtk_init(&argc,&argv);window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),title);gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),20);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"destroy",G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);box = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0);gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),box);frame = gtk_frame_new("字体选项：");gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),frame,FALSE,FALSE,5);box1 = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0);gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(frame),box1);gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(box1),10);gtk_widget_show(box);check1 = gtk_check_button_new_with_label(" 粗体 ");g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(check1),"released",G_CALLBACK(on_check_clicked),(gpointer)1);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box1),check1,FALSE,FALSE,3);check2 = gtk_check_button_new_with_label(" 斜体 ");g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(check2),"released",G_CALLBACK(on_check_clicked),(gpointer)2);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box1),check2,FALSE,FALSE,3);check3 = gtk_check_button_new_with_label(" 下划线 ");g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(check3),"released",G_CALLBACK(on_check_clicked),(gpointer)3);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box1),check3,FALSE,FALSE,3);check4 = gtk_check_button_new_with_label(" 彩色 ");g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(check4),"released",G_CALLBACK(on_check_clicked),(gpointer)4);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box1),check4,FALSE,FALSE,3);button = gtk_button_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_OK);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked",G_CALLBACK(on_button_clicked),NULL);g_signal_connect_swapped(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked",G_CALLBACK(gtk_widget_destroy),window);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button,FALSE,FALSE,5);gtk_widget_show_all(window);gtk_main();return FALSE ;
}
09.单选按钮radio button
这里给出两个例子
#include <glib.h>
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
gint close_application( GtkWidget *widget, GdkEvent *event, gpointer data )
{gtk_main_quit ();return FALSE;
}
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{GtkWidget *window = NULL;GtkWidget *box1;GtkWidget *box2;GtkWidget *button;GtkWidget *separator;GSList *group;gtk_init (&argc, &argv);window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "delete_event",G_CALLBACK (close_application), NULL);gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "radio buttons");gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 0);box1 = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 0);gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), box1);gtk_widget_show (box1);box2 = gtk_hbox_new (FALSE, 10);gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (box2), 10);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box1), box2, TRUE, TRUE, 0);gtk_widget_show (box2);button = gtk_radio_button_new_with_label (NULL, "Leonvel");gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), button, TRUE, TRUE, 0);gtk_widget_show (button);group = gtk_radio_button_get_group (GTK_RADIO_BUTTON (button));button = gtk_radio_button_new_with_label (group, "Rong");gtk_toggle_button_set_active (GTK_TOGGLE_BUTTON (button), TRUE);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), button, TRUE, TRUE, 0);gtk_widget_show (button);button = gtk_radio_button_new_with_label_from_widget (GTK_RADIO_BUTTON (button),"Tao");gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), button, TRUE, TRUE, 0);gtk_widget_show (button);separator = gtk_hseparator_new ();gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box1), separator, FALSE, TRUE, 0);gtk_widget_show (separator);box2 = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 10);gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (box2), 10);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box1), box2, FALSE, TRUE, 0);gtk_widget_show (box2);button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("close");g_signal_connect_swapped (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked",G_CALLBACK (close_application), window);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), button, TRUE, TRUE, 0);GTK_WIDGET_SET_FLAGS (button, GTK_CAN_DEFAULT);gtk_widget_grab_default (button);gtk_widget_show (button);gtk_widget_show (window);gtk_main ();return 0;
}
第二个例子
/* 单项选择窗口 radiobutton.c */
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
static gchar* red = " 红色 " ;
static gchar* green = " 绿色 " ;
static gchar* yellow = " 黄色 " ;
static gchar* blue = " 蓝色 " ;
void on_radio_clicked (GtkWidget* radio,gint data)
{g_print("你选择的颜色是：");switch((int)data){case 1:g_print("%s",red); break;case 2:g_print("%s",green); break;case 3:g_print("%s",yellow); break;case 4:g_print("%s",blue); break;}g_print("\n");
}
//主函数
int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{GtkWidget* window;GtkWidget* frame;GtkWidget* box;GtkWidget* box1;GtkWidget* button1;GtkWidget* radio1;GtkWidget* radio2;GtkWidget* radio3;GtkWidget* radio4;GSList* group;gchar* title = "单项选择窗口" ;gtk_init(&argc,&argv);window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),title);gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),10);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"destroy",G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);box = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0);gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),box);frame = gtk_frame_new("请选择一种颜色：");gtk_frame_set_shadow_type(GTK_FRAME(frame),GTK_SHADOW_ETCHED_OUT);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),frame,FALSE,FALSE,5);box1 = gtk_hbox_new(FALSE,10);gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(box1),10);gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(frame),box1);radio1 = gtk_radio_button_new_with_label(NULL,red);//红色g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(radio1),"released",G_CALLBACK(on_radio_clicked),(gpointer)1);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box1),radio1,FALSE,FALSE,5);
//创建多选按钮组group = gtk_radio_button_get_group(GTK_RADIO_BUTTON(radio1));radio2 = gtk_radio_button_new_with_label(group,green);//绿色g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(radio2),"released",G_CALLBACK(on_radio_clicked),(gpointer)2);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box1),radio2,FALSE,FALSE,5);group = gtk_radio_button_get_group(GTK_RADIO_BUTTON(radio2));radio3 = gtk_radio_button_new_with_label(group,yellow);//黄色g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(radio3),"released",G_CALLBACK(on_radio_clicked),(gpointer)3);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box1),radio3,FALSE,FALSE,5);group = gtk_radio_button_get_group(GTK_RADIO_BUTTON(radio3));radio4 = gtk_radio_button_new_with_label(group,blue);//蓝色g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(radio4),"released",G_CALLBACK(on_radio_clicked),(gpointer)4);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box1),radio4,FALSE,FALSE,5);button1 = gtk_button_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_OK);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button1),"clicked",G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button1,FALSE,FALSE,5);gtk_widget_show_all(window);gtk_main();return FALSE ;
}
10.控制条scrollbar
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
GtkWidget *hscale, *vscale;
void cb_pos_menu_select( GtkWidget *item, GtkPositionType pos )
{
/* 设置两个比例构件的比例值的显示位置 */gtk_scale_set_value_pos (GTK_SCALE (hscale), pos);gtk_scale_set_value_pos (GTK_SCALE (vscale), pos);
}
void cb_update_menu_select( GtkWidget *item, GtkUpdateType policy )
{
/* 设置两个比例构件的更新方式 */gtk_range_set_update_policy (GTK_RANGE (hscale), policy);gtk_range_set_update_policy (GTK_RANGE (vscale), policy);
}
void cb_digits_scale( GtkAdjustment *adj )
{
/* 设置 adj->value 圆整的小数位数 */gtk_scale_set_digits (GTK_SCALE (hscale), (gint) adj->value);gtk_scale_set_digits (GTK_SCALE (vscale), (gint) adj->value);
}
void cb_page_size( GtkAdjustment *get, GtkAdjustment *set )
{
/* 将示例调整对象的 page size 和 page increment size 设置
* 为"Page Size"比例构件指定的值 */set->page_size = get->value;set->page_increment = get->value;
/* 设置调整对象的值并使它引发一个 "changed" 信号,以重新配置所有
* 已经连接到这个调整对象的构件。 */gtk_adjustment_set_value (set, CLAMP (set->value,set->lower, (set->upper - set->page_size)));
}
void cb_draw_value( GtkToggleButton *button )
{
/* 根据复选按钮的状态设置在比例构件上是否显示比例值 */gtk_scale_set_draw_value (GTK_SCALE (hscale), button->active);gtk_scale_set_draw_value (GTK_SCALE (vscale), button->active);
}
/* 方便的函数 */
GtkWidget *make_menu_item (gchar *name, GCallback callback, gpointer data)
{GtkWidget *item;item = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label (name);g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (item), "activate", callback, data);gtk_widget_show (item);return item;
}
void scale_set_default_values( GtkScale *scale )
{gtk_range_set_update_policy (GTK_RANGE (scale),GTK_UPDATE_CONTINUOUS);gtk_scale_set_digits (scale, 1);gtk_scale_set_value_pos (scale, GTK_POS_TOP);gtk_scale_set_draw_value (scale, TRUE);
}
/* 创建示例窗口 */
void create_range_controls( void )
{GtkWidget *window;GtkWidget *box1, *box2, *box3;GtkWidget *button;GtkWidget *scrollbar;GtkWidget *separator;GtkWidget *opt, *menu, *item;GtkWidget *label;GtkWidget *scale;GtkObject *adj1, *adj2;
/* 标准的创建窗口代码 */window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL);gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "RT's range controls");box1 = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 0);gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), box1);gtk_widget_show (box1);box2 = gtk_hbox_new (FALSE, 10);gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (box2), 10);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box1), box2, TRUE, TRUE, 0);gtk_widget_show (box2);
/* value, lower, upper, step_increment, page_increment, page_size */
/* 注意,page_size 值只对滚动条构件有区别,并且,你实际上能取得的最高值
* 是(upper - page_size)。 */adj1 = gtk_adjustment_new (0.0, 0.0, 101.0, 0.1, 1.0, 1.0);vscale = gtk_vscale_new (GTK_ADJUSTMENT (adj1));scale_set_default_values (GTK_SCALE (vscale));gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), vscale, TRUE, TRUE, 0);gtk_widget_show (vscale);box3 = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 10);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), box3, TRUE, TRUE, 0);gtk_widget_show (box3);
/* 重新使用同一个调整对象 */hscale = gtk_hscale_new (GTK_ADJUSTMENT (adj1));gtk_widget_set_size_request (GTK_WIDGET (hscale), 200, -1);scale_set_default_values (GTK_SCALE (hscale));gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box3), hscale, TRUE, TRUE, 0);gtk_widget_show (hscale);
/* 再次重用同一个调整对象 */scrollbar = gtk_hscrollbar_new (GTK_ADJUSTMENT (adj1));
/* 注意,这导致当滚动条移动时,比例构件总是连续更新 */gtk_range_set_update_policy (GTK_RANGE (scrollbar),GTK_UPDATE_CONTINUOUS);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box3), scrollbar, TRUE, TRUE, 0);gtk_widget_show (scrollbar);box2 = gtk_hbox_new (FALSE, 10);gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (box2), 10);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box1), box2, TRUE, TRUE, 0);gtk_widget_show (box2);
/* 用一个复选按钮控制是否显示比例构件的值 */button = gtk_check_button_new_with_label("Display value on scale widgets");gtk_toggle_button_set_active (GTK_TOGGLE_BUTTON (button), TRUE);g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "toggled",G_CALLBACK (cb_draw_value), NULL);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), button, TRUE, TRUE, 0);gtk_widget_show (button);box2 = gtk_hbox_new (FALSE, 10);gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (box2), 10);
/* 用一个选项菜单以改变显示值的位置 */label = gtk_label_new ("Scale Value Position:");gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), label, FALSE, FALSE, 0);gtk_widget_show (label);opt = gtk_option_menu_new ();menu = gtk_menu_new ();item = make_menu_item ("Top", G_CALLBACK (cb_pos_menu_select),GINT_TO_POINTER (GTK_POS_TOP));gtk_menu_shell_append (GTK_MENU_SHELL (menu), item);item = make_menu_item ("Bottom", G_CALLBACK (cb_pos_menu_select),GINT_TO_POINTER (GTK_POS_BOTTOM));gtk_menu_shell_append (GTK_MENU_SHELL (menu), item);item = make_menu_item ("Left", G_CALLBACK (cb_pos_menu_select),GINT_TO_POINTER (GTK_POS_LEFT));gtk_menu_shell_append (GTK_MENU_SHELL (menu), item);item = make_menu_item ("Right", G_CALLBACK (cb_pos_menu_select),GINT_TO_POINTER (GTK_POS_RIGHT));gtk_menu_shell_append (GTK_MENU_SHELL (menu), item);gtk_option_menu_set_menu (GTK_OPTION_MENU (opt), menu);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), opt, TRUE, TRUE, 0);gtk_widget_show (opt);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box1), box2, TRUE, TRUE, 0);gtk_widget_show (box2);box2 = gtk_hbox_new (FALSE, 10);gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (box2), 10);
/* 另一个选项菜单,这里是用于设置比例构件的更新方式 */label = gtk_label_new ("Scale Update Policy:");gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), label, FALSE, FALSE, 0);gtk_widget_show (label);opt = gtk_option_menu_new ();menu = gtk_menu_new ();item = make_menu_item ("Continuous", G_CALLBACK (cb_update_menu_select),GINT_TO_POINTER (GTK_UPDATE_CONTINUOUS));gtk_menu_shell_append (GTK_MENU_SHELL (menu), item);item = make_menu_item ("Discontinuous", G_CALLBACK (cb_update_menu_select),GINT_TO_POINTER (GTK_UPDATE_DISCONTINUOUS));gtk_menu_shell_append (GTK_MENU_SHELL (menu), item);item = make_menu_item ("Delayed", G_CALLBACK (cb_update_menu_select),GINT_TO_POINTER (GTK_UPDATE_DELAYED));gtk_menu_shell_append (GTK_MENU_SHELL (menu), item);gtk_option_menu_set_menu (GTK_OPTION_MENU (opt), menu);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), opt, TRUE, TRUE, 0);gtk_widget_show (opt);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box1), box2, TRUE, TRUE, 0);gtk_widget_show (box2);box2 = gtk_hbox_new (FALSE, 10);gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (box2), 10);
/* 一个水平比例构件,用于调整示例比例构件的显示小数位数。 */label = gtk_label_new ("Scale Digits:");gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), label, FALSE, FALSE, 0);gtk_widget_show (label);adj2 = gtk_adjustment_new (1.0, 0.0, 5.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0);g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (adj2), "value_changed", G_CALLBACK (cb_digits_scale), NULL);scale = gtk_hscale_new (GTK_ADJUSTMENT (adj2));gtk_scale_set_digits (GTK_SCALE (scale), 0);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), scale, TRUE, TRUE, 0);gtk_widget_show (scale);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box1), box2, TRUE, TRUE, 0);gtk_widget_show (box2);box2 = gtk_hbox_new (FALSE, 10);gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (box2), 10);
/* 以及,最后一个水平比例构件用于调整滚动条的 page size。 */label = gtk_label_new ("Scrollbar Page Size:");gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), label, FALSE, FALSE, 0);gtk_widget_show (label);adj2 = gtk_adjustment_new (1.0, 1.0, 101.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0);g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (adj2), "value_changed",G_CALLBACK (cb_page_size), adj1);scale = gtk_hscale_new (GTK_ADJUSTMENT (adj2));gtk_scale_set_digits (GTK_SCALE (scale), 0);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), scale, TRUE, TRUE, 0);gtk_widget_show (scale);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box1), box2, TRUE, TRUE, 0);gtk_widget_show (box2);separator = gtk_hseparator_new ();gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box1), separator, FALSE, TRUE, 0);gtk_widget_show (separator);box2 = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 10);gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (box2), 10);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box1), box2, FALSE, TRUE, 0);gtk_widget_show (box2);button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Quit");g_signal_connect_swapped (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked",G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), button, TRUE, TRUE, 0);GTK_WIDGET_SET_FLAGS (button, GTK_CAN_DEFAULT);gtk_widget_grab_default (button);gtk_widget_show (button);gtk_widget_show (window);
}
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{gtk_init (&argc, &argv);create_range_controls ();gtk_main ();return 0;
}
11.箭头按钮create_arrow_button
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
/* 用指定的参数创建一个箭头构件并将它组装到按钮中 */
GtkWidget *create_arrow_button( GtkArrowType arrow_type, GtkShadowType shadow_type )
{GtkWidget *button;GtkWidget *arrow;button = gtk_button_new ();arrow = gtk_arrow_new (arrow_type, shadow_type);gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (button), arrow);gtk_widget_show (button);gtk_widget_show (arrow);return button;
}
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{
/* GtkWidget 是构件的存储类型 */GtkWidget *window;GtkWidget *button;GtkWidget *box;
/* 初始化 */gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
/* 创建一个新窗口 */window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "Arrow Buttons");
/* 对所有的窗口都这样做是一个好主意 */g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL);
/* 设置窗口的边框的宽度 */gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10);
/* 建一个组装盒以容纳箭头/按钮 */box = gtk_hbox_new (FALSE, 0);gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (box), 2);gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), box);
/* 组装、显示所有的构件 */gtk_widget_show (box);button = create_arrow_button (GTK_ARROW_UP, GTK_SHADOW_IN);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box), button, FALSE, FALSE, 3);button = create_arrow_button (GTK_ARROW_DOWN, GTK_SHADOW_OUT);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box), button, FALSE, FALSE, 3);button = create_arrow_button (GTK_ARROW_LEFT, GTK_SHADOW_ETCHED_IN);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box), button, FALSE, FALSE, 3);button = create_arrow_button (GTK_ARROW_RIGHT, GTK_SHADOW_ETCHED_OUT);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box), button, FALSE, FALSE, 3);gtk_widget_show (window);
/* 进入主循环,等待用户的动作 */gtk_main ();return 0;
}
12.标签label
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{static GtkWidget *window = NULL;GtkWidget *hbox;GtkWidget *vbox;GtkWidget *frame;GtkWidget *label;
/* 初始化 */gtk_init (&argc, &argv);window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL);gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "Label");vbox = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 5);hbox = gtk_hbox_new (FALSE, 5);gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), hbox);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (hbox), vbox, FALSE, FALSE, 0);gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 5);frame = gtk_frame_new ("Normal Label");label = gtk_label_new ("This is a Normal label");gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), label);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), frame, FALSE, FALSE, 0);frame = gtk_frame_new ("Multi-line Label");label = gtk_label_new ("This is a Multi-line label.\nSecond line\n" \"Third line");gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), label);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), frame, FALSE, FALSE, 0);frame = gtk_frame_new ("Left Justified Label");label = gtk_label_new ("This is a Left-Justified\n" \"Multi-line label.\nThird line");gtk_label_set_justify (GTK_LABEL (label), GTK_JUSTIFY_LEFT);gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), label);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), frame, FALSE, FALSE, 0);frame = gtk_frame_new ("Right Justified Label");label = gtk_label_new ("This is a Right-Justified\nMulti-line label.\n" \"Fourth line, (j/k)");gtk_label_set_justify (GTK_LABEL (label), GTK_JUSTIFY_RIGHT);gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), label);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), frame, FALSE, FALSE, 0);vbox = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 5);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (hbox), vbox, FALSE, FALSE, 0);frame = gtk_frame_new ("Line wrapped label");label = gtk_label_new ("This is an example of a line-wrapped label. It " \/* 用一段较长的空白字符来测试空白的自动排列 */"should not be taking up the entire" \"width allocated to it, but automatically " \"wraps the words to fit. " \"The time has come, for all good men, to come to " \"the aid of their party. " \"The sixth sheik's six sheep's sick.\n" \"It supports multiple paragraphs correctly, " \"and correctly adds "\"many extra spaces. ");gtk_label_set_line_wrap (GTK_LABEL (label), TRUE);gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), label);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), frame, FALSE, FALSE, 0);frame = gtk_frame_new ("Filled, wrapped label");label = gtk_label_new ("This is an example of a line-wrapped, filled label. " \"It should be taking "\"up the entire width allocated to it. " \"Here is a sentence to prove "\"my point. Here is another sentence. "\"Here comes the sun, do de do de do.\n"\" This is a new paragraph.\n"\" This is another newer, longer, better " \"paragraph. It is coming to an end, "\"unfortunately.");gtk_label_set_justify (GTK_LABEL (label), GTK_JUSTIFY_FILL);gtk_label_set_line_wrap (GTK_LABEL (label), TRUE);gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), label);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), frame, FALSE, FALSE, 0);frame = gtk_frame_new ("Underlined label");label = gtk_label_new ("This label is underlined!\n""This one is underlined in quite a funky fashion");gtk_label_set_justify (GTK_LABEL (label), GTK_JUSTIFY_LEFT);gtk_label_set_pattern (GTK_LABEL (label),"_________________________ _ _________ _ ________ _______ ___");gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), label);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), frame, FALSE, FALSE, 0);gtk_widget_show_all (window);gtk_main ();return 0;
}
12.子窗口：触发事件打开窗口
#include <gtk/gtk.h>gint delete_event( GtkWidget *widget, GdkEvent *event, gpointer data )
{g_print ("delete event occurred\n");/* 改 TRUE 为 FALSE 程序会关闭。*/return FALSE;
}/* 另一个回调函数 */
void destroy( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data )
{gtk_main_quit ();
}
void hello( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data )
{g_print ("Hello World\n");
}
void New_window( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data )
{GtkWidget *window;GtkWidget *button;window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "delete_event", G_CALLBACK (delete_event), NULL);g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (destroy), NULL);gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10);button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Hello world !");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (hello), "1");gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), button);gtk_widget_show (button);gtk_widget_show (window);g_print ("Hello World\n");//temp(data );
}
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{GtkWidget *window;GtkWidget *button;gtk_init (&argc, &argv);/* 创建一个新窗口 */window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "delete_event", G_CALLBACK (delete_event), NULL);g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (destroy), NULL);gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10);button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Open hello world");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (New_window), "1");gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), button);gtk_widget_show (button);gtk_widget_show (window);gtk_main ();return 0;
}13.进度条progressbar
#include <gtk/gtk.h>typedef struct _ProgressData {GtkWidget *window;GtkWidget *pbar;int timer;gboolean activity_mode;
} ProgressData;/* 更新进度条,这样就能够看到进度条的移动 */
gint progress_timeout( gpointer data )
{ProgressData *pdata = (ProgressData *)data;gdouble new_val;if (pdata->activity_mode){gtk_progress_bar_pulse (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar));} else {
/* 使用在调整对象中设置的取值范围计算进度条的值 */new_val = gtk_progress_bar_get_fraction (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar)) + 0.01;if (new_val > 1.0)new_val = 0.0;
/* 设置进度条的新值 */gtk_progress_bar_set_fraction (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar), new_val);}
/* 这是一个 timeout 函数,返回 TRUE,这样它就能够继续被调用 */return TRUE;
}
/* 回调函数,切换在进度条你的滑槽上的文本显示 */
void toggle_show_text( GtkWidget *widget, ProgressData *pdata )
{const gchar *text;text = gtk_progress_bar_get_text (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar));if (text && *text)gtk_progress_bar_set_text (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar), "");elsegtk_progress_bar_set_text (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar), "some text");
}
/* 回调函数,切换进度条的活动模式 */
void toggle_activity_mode( GtkWidget *widget, ProgressData *pdata )
{pdata->activity_mode = !pdata->activity_mode;if (pdata->activity_mode)gtk_progress_bar_pulse (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar));elsegtk_progress_bar_set_fraction (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar), 0.0);
}
/* 回调函数,切换进度条的移动方向 */
void toggle_orientation( GtkWidget *widget, ProgressData *pdata )
{switch (gtk_progress_bar_get_orientation (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar))) {case GTK_PROGRESS_LEFT_TO_RIGHT:gtk_progress_bar_set_orientation (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar),GTK_PROGRESS_RIGHT_TO_LEFT);break;case GTK_PROGRESS_RIGHT_TO_LEFT:gtk_progress_bar_set_orientation (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar),GTK_PROGRESS_LEFT_TO_RIGHT);break;default:; // 什么也不做}
}
/* 清除分配的内存,删除定时器(timer) */
void destroy_progress( GtkWidget *widget, ProgressData *pdata)
{gtk_timeout_remove (pdata->timer);pdata->timer = 0;pdata->window = NULL;g_free (pdata);gtk_main_quit ();
}
int main( int argc, char *argv[])
{ProgressData *pdata;GtkWidget *align;GtkWidget *separator;GtkWidget *table;GtkWidget *button;GtkWidget *check;GtkWidget *vbox;gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
/* 为传递到回调函数中的数据分配内存 */pdata = g_malloc (sizeof (ProgressData));pdata->window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);gtk_window_set_resizable (GTK_WINDOW (pdata->window), TRUE);g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (pdata->window), "destroy",G_CALLBACK (destroy_progress), pdata);gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (pdata->window), "GtkProgressBar");gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (pdata->window), 10);vbox = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 5);gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (vbox), 10);gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (pdata->window), vbox);gtk_widget_show (vbox);
/* 创建一个居中对齐的对象 */align = gtk_alignment_new (0.5, 0.5, 0, 0);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), align, FALSE, FALSE, 5);gtk_widget_show (align);
/* 创建进度条 */pdata->pbar = gtk_progress_bar_new ();gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (align), pdata->pbar);gtk_widget_show (pdata->pbar);/* 加一个定时器(timer),以更新进度条的值 */pdata->timer = gtk_timeout_add (200, progress_timeout, pdata);separator = gtk_hseparator_new ();gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), separator, FALSE, FALSE, 0);gtk_widget_show (separator);
/* 行数、列数、同质性(homogeneous) */table = gtk_table_new (3, 2, FALSE);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), table, FALSE, TRUE, 0);gtk_widget_show (table);
/* 添加一个复选按钮,以选择是否显示在滑槽里的文本 */check = gtk_check_button_new_with_label ("Show text");gtk_table_attach (GTK_TABLE (table), check, 0, 1, 0, 1,GTK_EXPAND | GTK_FILL, GTK_EXPAND | GTK_FILL, 5, 5);g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (check), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (toggle_show_text), pdata);gtk_widget_show (check);
/* 添加一个复选按钮,切换活动状态 */check = gtk_check_button_new_with_label ("Activity mode");gtk_table_attach (GTK_TABLE (table), check, 0, 1, 1, 2,GTK_EXPAND | GTK_FILL, GTK_EXPAND | GTK_FILL, 5, 5);g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (check), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (toggle_activity_mode), pdata);gtk_widget_show (check);
/* 添加一个复选按钮,切换移动方向 */check = gtk_check_button_new_with_label ("Right to Left");gtk_table_attach (GTK_TABLE (table), check, 0, 1, 2, 3, GTK_EXPAND | GTK_FILL, GTK_EXPAND | GTK_FILL, 5, 5);g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (check), "clicked",G_CALLBACK (toggle_orientation), pdata);gtk_widget_show (check);
/* 添加一个按钮,用来退出应用程序 */button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("close");g_signal_connect_swapped (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked",G_CALLBACK (gtk_widget_destroy), pdata->window);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), button, FALSE, FALSE, 0);
/* 将按钮设置为能缺省的构件 */GTK_WIDGET_SET_FLAGS (button, GTK_CAN_DEFAULT);
/* 将缺省焦点设置到这个按钮上,使之成为缺省按钮,只要按回车键
* 就相当于点击了这个按钮 */
//译者注: 能缺省的构件在获取焦点后成为缺省构件,用户按方向键等可以切换焦点。gtk_widget_grab_default (button);gtk_widget_show (button);gtk_widget_show (pdata->window);gtk_main ();return 0;
}
14.窗口标尺gtk_hruler_new
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
#define EVENT_METHOD(i, x) GTK_WIDGET_GET_CLASS(i)->x
#define XSIZE 600
#define YSIZE 400
/* 当点击"close"按钮时,退出应用程序 */
gint close_application( GtkWidget *widget, GdkEvent *event, gpointer data )
{gtk_main_quit ();return FALSE;
}
/* 主函数 */
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{GtkWidget *window, *table, *area, *hrule, *vrule;
/* 初始化,创建主窗口 */gtk_init (&argc, &argv);window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "delete_event", G_CALLBACK (close_application), NULL);gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10);
/* 创建一个组装表,绘图区和标尺放在里面 */table = gtk_table_new (3, 2, FALSE);gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), table);area = gtk_drawing_area_new ();gtk_widget_set_size_request (GTK_WIDGET (area), XSIZE, YSIZE);gtk_table_attach (GTK_TABLE (table), area, 1, 2, 1, 2,GTK_EXPAND|GTK_FILL, GTK_FILL, 0, 0);gtk_widget_set_events (area, GDK_POINTER_MOTION_MASK | GDK_POINTER_MOTION_HINT_MASK);
/* 水平标尺放在顶部。鼠标移动穿过绘图区时,一个
* motion_notify_event 被传递给标尺的相应的事件处理函数 */hrule = gtk_hruler_new ();gtk_ruler_set_metric (GTK_RULER (hrule), GTK_PIXELS);gtk_ruler_set_range (GTK_RULER (hrule), 0, 50, 0, 20);g_signal_connect_swapped (G_OBJECT (area), "motion_notify_event",G_CALLBACK (EVENT_METHOD (hrule, motion_notify_event)), hrule);gtk_table_attach (GTK_TABLE (table), hrule, 1, 2, 0, 1,GTK_EXPAND|GTK_SHRINK|GTK_FILL, GTK_FILL, 0, 0);
/* 垂直标尺放在左边。当鼠标移动穿过绘图区时,一个
* motion_notify_event 被传递到标尺相应的事件处理函数中 */vrule = gtk_vruler_new ();gtk_ruler_set_metric (GTK_RULER (vrule), GTK_PIXELS);gtk_ruler_set_range (GTK_RULER (vrule), 0, YSIZE, 10, YSIZE );g_signal_connect_swapped (G_OBJECT (area), "motion_notify_event",G_CALLBACK (EVENT_METHOD (vrule, motion_notify_event)), vrule);gtk_table_attach (GTK_TABLE (table), vrule, 0, 1, 1, 2,GTK_FILL, GTK_EXPAND|GTK_SHRINK|GTK_FILL, 0, 0);
/* 现在显示所有的构件 */gtk_widget_show (area);gtk_widget_show (hrule);gtk_widget_show (vrule);gtk_widget_show (table);gtk_widget_show (window);gtk_main ();return 0;
}
15.状态栏（条）gtk_statusbar_new
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
#include <glib.h>
GtkWidget *status_bar;
void push_item( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data )
{static int count = 1;char buff[20];g_snprintf (buff, 20, "Item %d", count++);gtk_statusbar_push (GTK_STATUSBAR (status_bar), GPOINTER_TO_INT (data), buff);return;
}
void pop_item( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data )
{gtk_statusbar_pop (GTK_STATUSBAR (status_bar), GPOINTER_TO_INT (data));return;
}
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{GtkWidget *window;GtkWidget *vbox;GtkWidget *button;gint context_id;gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
/* 创建新窗口 */window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);gtk_widget_set_size_request (GTK_WIDGET (window), 200, 100);gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "GTK Statusbar Example");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "delete_event",G_CALLBACK (exit), NULL);vbox = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 1);gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), vbox);gtk_widget_show (vbox);status_bar = gtk_statusbar_new ();gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), status_bar, TRUE, TRUE, 0);gtk_widget_show (status_bar);context_id = gtk_statusbar_get_context_id( GTK_STATUSBAR (status_bar), "Statusbar example");button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("push item");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked",G_CALLBACK (push_item), GINT_TO_POINTER (context_id));gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), button, TRUE, TRUE, 2);gtk_widget_show (button);button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("pop last item");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked",G_CALLBACK (pop_item), GINT_TO_POINTER (context_id));gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), button, TRUE, TRUE, 2);gtk_widget_show (button);/* 将窗口最后显示,让整个窗口一次性出现在屏幕上. */gtk_widget_show (window);gtk_main ();return 0;
}
另一个例子
/* 状态栏 status.c */
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
static GtkWidget *statusbar;
gint i = 0 ;
void on_push_clicked (GtkButton* button,gpointer data)
{char message[1024];i++ ;sprintf(message,"这是输入的第 %d 条消息．",i);gtk_statusbar_push(GTK_STATUSBAR(statusbar),i,message);
}
void on_pop_clicked (GtkButton* button,gpointer data)
{if (i<0) return ;gtk_statusbar_pop(GTK_STATUSBAR(statusbar),i);i--;
}
void on_popped (GtkStatusbar* statusbar,guint id,const gchar*
text)
{if(!statusbar->messages)i = 0;
}
int main ( int argc , char* argv[])
{GtkWidget *window;GtkWidget *vbox,*hbox;GtkWidget *button;gtk_init(&argc,&argv);window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"delete_event",G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"状态栏");// gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(window),GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER);gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),20);vbox = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0);gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),vbox);statusbar = gtk_statusbar_new();g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(statusbar),"text-popped",G_CALLBACK(on_popped),NULL);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),statusbar,FALSE,FALSE,5);hbox = gtk_hbox_new(FALSE,0);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),hbox,FALSE,FALSE,5);button = gtk_button_new_with_label("推入");g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked",G_CALLBACK(on_push_clicked),NULL);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),button,TRUE,TRUE,5);button = gtk_button_new_with_label("弹出");g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked",G_CALLBACK(on_pop_clicked),NULL);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),button,TRUE,TRUE,5);gtk_widget_show_all(window);gtk_main();return FALSE;
}
16.文本输入gtk_entry_new：可见/不可见，可输入/不可输入
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
void enter_callback( GtkWidget *widget, GtkWidget *entry )
{const gchar *entry_text;entry_text = gtk_entry_get_text (GTK_ENTRY (entry));printf("Entry contents: %s\n", entry_text);
}
void entry_toggle_editable( GtkWidget *checkbutton, GtkWidget *entry )
{gtk_editable_set_editable (GTK_EDITABLE (entry),GTK_TOGGLE_BUTTON (checkbutton)->active);
}
void entry_toggle_visibility( GtkWidget *checkbutton, GtkWidget *entry )
{gtk_entry_set_visibility (GTK_ENTRY (entry),GTK_TOGGLE_BUTTON (checkbutton)->active);
}
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{GtkWidget *window;GtkWidget *vbox, *hbox;GtkWidget *entry;GtkWidget *button;GtkWidget *check;gint tmp_pos;gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
/* 创建一个新窗口 */window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);gtk_widget_set_size_request (GTK_WIDGET (window), 200, 100);gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "GTK Entry");//g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy",// G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL);g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "delete_event",G_CALLBACK (exit), NULL);g_signal_connect_swapped (G_OBJECT (window), "delete_event",G_CALLBACK (gtk_widget_destroy), window);vbox = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 0);gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), vbox);gtk_widget_show (vbox);entry = gtk_entry_new ();gtk_entry_set_max_length (GTK_ENTRY (entry), 50);g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (entry), "activate", G_CALLBACK (enter_callback), entry);gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (entry), "hello");tmp_pos = GTK_ENTRY (entry)->text_length;gtk_editable_insert_text (GTK_EDITABLE (entry), " world", -1, &tmp_pos);gtk_editable_select_region (GTK_EDITABLE (entry), 0, GTK_ENTRY (entry)->text_length);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), entry, TRUE, TRUE, 0);gtk_widget_show (entry);hbox = gtk_hbox_new (FALSE, 0);gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (vbox), hbox);gtk_widget_show (hbox);check = gtk_check_button_new_with_label ("Editable");gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (hbox), check, TRUE, TRUE, 0);g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (check), "toggled",G_CALLBACK (entry_toggle_editable), entry);gtk_toggle_button_set_active (GTK_TOGGLE_BUTTON (check), TRUE);gtk_widget_show (check);check = gtk_check_button_new_with_label ("Visible");gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (hbox), check, TRUE, TRUE, 0);g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (check), "toggled",G_CALLBACK (entry_toggle_visibility), entry);gtk_toggle_button_set_active (GTK_TOGGLE_BUTTON (check), TRUE);gtk_widget_show (check);button = gtk_button_new_from_stock (GTK_STOCK_CLOSE);g_signal_connect_swapped (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked",G_CALLBACK (gtk_widget_destroy), window);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), button, TRUE, TRUE, 0);GTK_WIDGET_SET_FLAGS (button, GTK_CAN_DEFAULT);gtk_widget_grab_default (button);gtk_widget_show (button);gtk_widget_show (window);gtk_main();return 0;
}
规定最大长度的gtk_entry_new_with_max_length
#include<gtk/gtk.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
GtkWidget *_nx, *_nz, *_dx, *_dz, *_npd, *_mm;
GtkWidget *_vel, *_epsilu, *_deta, *_shot, *_snap;
GtkWidget *_favg, *_fs, *_ds, *_ns, *_zs;gint nx, nz, npd, mm, fs, ds, ns, zs;
gfloat dx, dz, favg;void debug(GtkWidget *window,gpointer data)
{ gtk_main_quit();
}void write_txt(GtkWidget *widget,gpointer data)
{const char*str_nx=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_nx));const char*str_nz=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_nz));const char*str_dx=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_dx));const char*str_dz=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_dz));const char*str_npd=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_npd));const char*str_mm=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_mm));const char*str_vel=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_vel));const char*str_epsilu=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_epsilu));const char*str_deta=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_deta));const char*str_favg=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_favg));const char*str_fs=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_fs));const char*str_ns=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_ns));const char*str_ds=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_ds));const char*str_zs=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_zs));const char*str_shot=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_shot));const char*str_snap=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_snap));nx=strtod(str_nx,NULL);nz=strtod(str_nz,NULL);dx=strtod(str_dx,NULL);dz=strtod(str_dz,NULL);npd=strtod(str_npd,NULL);mm=strtod(str_mm,NULL);favg=strtod(str_favg,NULL);fs=strtod(str_fs,NULL);ns=strtod(str_ns,NULL);ds=strtod(str_ds,NULL);zs=strtod(str_zs,NULL);
}
int main(int argc,char* argv[]){GtkWidget *window;GtkWidget *button;GtkWidget *label;GtkWidget *table;gtk_init(&argc,&argv);window=gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"RT's VTI model");gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(window),GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER);//gtk_window_set_default_size(GTK_WINDOW(window),400,400);g_signal_connect(GTK_OBJECT(window),"delete_event",GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(debug),NULL);table=gtk_table_new(13,6,FALSE);gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),table);label=gtk_label_new("Model parameter:");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,1,2,0,1);/*** nx ***/label=gtk_label_new("nx=");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,0,1,1,2);_nx=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10);gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_nx), "100");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_nx,1,2,1,2);
/*** dx ***/label=gtk_label_new("dx=");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,2,3,1,2);_dx=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10);gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_dx), "5");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_dx,3,4,1,2);
/*** npd ***/label=gtk_label_new("npd=");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,4,5,1,2);_npd=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10);gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_npd), "20");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_npd,5,6,1,2);
/*** nz ***/label=gtk_label_new("nz=");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,0,1,2,3);_nz=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10);gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_nz), "100");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_nz,1,2,2,3);
/*** dz ***/label=gtk_label_new("dz=");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,2,3,2,3);_dz=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10);gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_dz), "5");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_dz,3,4,2,3);
/*** mm ***/label=gtk_label_new("mm=");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,4,5,2,3);_mm=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10);gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_mm), "4");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_mm,5,6,2,3);label=gtk_label_new("Input Filename:");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,1,2,3,4);
/*** vel ***/label=gtk_label_new("vel:");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,0,1,4,5);_vel=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10);gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_vel), "vel.dat");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_vel,1,4,4,5);
/*** epsilu ***/label=gtk_label_new("epsilu:");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,0,1,5,6);_epsilu=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10);gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_epsilu), "epsilu.dat");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_epsilu,1,4,5,6);
/*** deta ***/label=gtk_label_new("deta:");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,0,1,6,7);_deta=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10);gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_deta), "deta.dat");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_deta,1,4,6,7);label=gtk_label_new("ShotParas:");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,1,2,7,8);
/*** ns ***/label=gtk_label_new("ns=");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,0,1,8,9);_ns=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10);gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_ns), "1");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_ns,1,2,8,9);
/*** favg ***/label=gtk_label_new("favg=");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,2,3,8,9);_favg=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10);gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_favg), "20");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_favg,3,4,8,9);
/*** fs ***/label=gtk_label_new("fs=");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,0,1,9,10);_fs=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10);gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_fs), "1");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_fs,1,2,9,10);
/*** ds ***/label=gtk_label_new("ds=");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,2,3,9,10);_ds=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10);gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_ds), "0");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_ds,3,4,9,10);
/*** zs ***/label=gtk_label_new("zs=");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,4,5,9,10);_zs=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10);gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_zs), "1");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_zs,5,6,9,10);label=gtk_label_new("Output Filename:");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,1,2,10,11);
/*** shot ***/label=gtk_label_new("shot=");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,0,1,11,12);_shot=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10);gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_shot), "shot.dat");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_shot,1,4,11,12);
/*** snap ***/label=gtk_label_new("snap=");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,0,1,12,13);_snap=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10);gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_snap), "snap.dat");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_snap,1,4,12,13);label=gtk_label_new("Please ensure all parameters input accuratlly !");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,0,10,13,14);
/*** run button ***/button=gtk_button_new_with_label("RUN");g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked",G_CALLBACK(write_txt),NULL);gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),button,5,6,12,13);gtk_widget_show_all(window);gtk_main();return 0;
}输入文本执行一条命令
/* 命令工具 command.c */
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
static GtkWidget *entry;
void on_button_clicked (GtkButton* button,gpointer data)
{const gchar* command;command = gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY(entry));system(command);
}
int main ( int argc , char* argv[])
{GtkWidget *window;GtkWidget *hbox;GtkWidget *label;GtkWidget *button;gtk_init(&argc,&argv);window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"delete_event",G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"命令窗口");//gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(window),GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER);hbox = gtk_hbox_new(FALSE,0);gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),hbox);label = gtk_label_new("输入命令：");gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),label,FALSE,FALSE,5);entry = gtk_entry_new();gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),entry,TRUE,TRUE,5);button = gtk_button_new_with_label("执行");g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked",G_CALLBACK(on_button_clicked),NULL);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),button,FALSE,FALSE,5);gtk_widget_show_all(window);gtk_main();return FALSE;
}
17.文件选择：gtk_file_selection_new
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
/* 获得文件名,并将它打印到控制台(console)上 */
void file_ok_sel( GtkWidget *w, GtkFileSelection *fs )
{g_print ("Filename:%s\n", gtk_file_selection_get_filename (GTK_FILE_SELECTION (fs)));
}
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{GtkWidget *filew;gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
/* 创建一个新的文件选择构件 */filew = gtk_file_selection_new ("File selection");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (filew), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL);
/* 为 ok_button 按钮设置回调函数,连接到 file_ok_sel function 函数 */g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (GTK_FILE_SELECTION (filew)->ok_button), "clicked",G_CALLBACK (file_ok_sel), filew);
/* 为 cancel_button 设置回调函数,销毁构件 */g_signal_connect_swapped (G_OBJECT (GTK_FILE_SELECTION (filew)->cancel_button), "clicked",G_CALLBACK (gtk_widget_destroy), filew);
/* 设置文件名,比如这个一个文件保存对话框,我们给了一个缺省文件名 */gtk_file_selection_set_filename (GTK_FILE_SELECTION(filew), "penguin.png");gtk_widget_show (filew);gtk_main ();return 0;
}
给另一个例子，选择一个VTI介质模型参数
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
#include <stdlib.h>GtkWidget *file,*_vel,*_deta,*_epsilu;void file_OK( GtkWidget *w, gpointer *data )
{gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (data),gtk_file_selection_get_filename (GTK_FILE_SELECTION (file)));gtk_widget_destroy (file);
}
void select_file(GtkWidget *w,gpointer *data)
{file= gtk_file_selection_new ("File selection");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (GTK_FILE_SELECTION (file)->ok_button), "clicked",G_CALLBACK (file_OK), data);g_signal_connect_swapped (G_OBJECT (GTK_FILE_SELECTION (file)->cancel_button), "clicked",G_CALLBACK (gtk_widget_destroy), NULL);gtk_widget_show (file);
}
/* 创建一个新的横向盒,它包含一个图像和一个标签,并返回这个盒。*/
GtkWidget *xpm_label_box( gchar *xpm_filename, gchar *label_text )
{GtkWidget *box;GtkWidget *label;GtkWidget *image;
/* 为图像和标签创建盒 */box = gtk_hbox_new (FALSE, 0);gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (box), 10);
/* 创建一个图像 */image = gtk_image_new_from_file (xpm_filename);
/* 为按钮创建一个标签 */label = gtk_label_new (label_text);
/* 把图像和标签组装到盒子里 */gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box), image, TRUE, TRUE, 3);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box), label, TRUE, TRUE, 3);gtk_widget_show (image);gtk_widget_show (label);return box;
}
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{GtkWidget *window;GtkWidget *button;GtkWidget *label;GtkWidget *table;GtkWidget *box;gtk_init (&argc, &argv);window=gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"RT's VTI model");gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(window),GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER);g_signal_connect(GTK_OBJECT(window),"delete_event",GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(gtk_main_quit),NULL);table=gtk_table_new(3,8,TRUE);gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),table);label=gtk_label_new("Input Filename:");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,0,2,0,1);/******************* vel *******************/label=gtk_label_new("vel:");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,0,1,1,2);_vel=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(100);gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_vel), "vel.dat");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_vel,1,7,1,2);button=gtk_button_new();box = xpm_label_box ("pic/dir2.jpg", NULL);gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (button), box);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked",G_CALLBACK(select_file),_vel);gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),button,7,8,1,2);/******************* epsilu *******************/label=gtk_label_new("epsilu:");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,0,1,2,3);_epsilu=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(100);gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_epsilu), "epsilu.dat");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_epsilu,1,7,2,3);//button=gtk_button_new_with_label("...");button=gtk_button_new();box = xpm_label_box ("pic/dir2.jpg", NULL);gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (button), box);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked",G_CALLBACK(select_file),_epsilu);gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),button,7,8,2,3);/******************* deta *******************/label=gtk_label_new("deta:");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,0,1,3,4);_deta=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(100);gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_deta), "deta.dat");gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_deta,1,7,3,4);//button=gtk_button_new_with_label("...");button=gtk_button_new();box = xpm_label_box ("pic/dir2.jpg", NULL);gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (button), box);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked",G_CALLBACK(select_file),_deta);gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),button,7,8,3,4);gtk_widget_show_all(window);gtk_main ();return 0;
}
18.事件盒子gtk_event_box_new
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{GtkWidget *window;GtkWidget *event_box;GtkWidget *label;gtk_init (&argc, &argv);window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "Event Box");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (exit), NULL);gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10);
/* 创建一个事件盒,然后将它加到顶级窗口上 */event_box = gtk_event_box_new ();gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), event_box);gtk_widget_show (event_box);
/* 创建一个长标签 */label = gtk_label_new ("Click here to quit, quit, quit, quit, quit");gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (event_box), label);gtk_widget_show (label);
/* 将标签剪裁短。 */gtk_widget_set_size_request (label, 110, 20);
/* 为它绑定一个动作 */gtk_widget_set_events (event_box, GDK_BUTTON_PRESS_MASK);g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (event_box), "button_press_event", G_CALLBACK (exit), NULL);
/* 又是一个要有 X 窗口的东西... */
//译者注: 要设置鼠标式样也要有 X 窗口。gtk_widget_realize 使构件在没有 show 之前就形成 X 窗口。gtk_widget_realize (event_box);gdk_window_set_cursor (event_box->window, gdk_cursor_new (GDK_HAND1));gtk_widget_show (window);gtk_main ();return 0;
}
19.固定容器：gtk_fixed_new
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
/* 我准备偷点懒,用一些全局变量储存固定容器里构件的位置。 */
gint x = 50;
gint y = 50;
/* 这个回调函数将按钮移动到固定容器的新位置。 */
void move_button( GtkWidget *widget, GtkWidget *fixed )
{x = (x + 30) % 300;y = (y + 50) % 300;gtk_fixed_move (GTK_FIXED (fixed), widget, x, y);
}
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{
/* GtkWidget 是构件的存储类型 */GtkWidget *window;GtkWidget *fixed;GtkWidget *button;gint i;
/* 初始化 */gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
/* 创建一个新窗口 */window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "Fixed Container");
/* 为窗口的 "destroy" 事件设置一个信号处理函数 */g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL);
/* 设置窗口的边框宽度 */gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10);
/* 创建一个固定容器 */fixed = gtk_fixed_new ();gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), fixed);gtk_widget_show (fixed);for (i = 1 ; i <= 3 ; i++) {
/* 创建一个标签为"Press me"的新按钮 */button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Press me");
/* 当按钮接收到 "clicked" 信号时,调用 move_button() 函数,并把这个固定
* 容器作为参数传给它 */g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (move_button), fixed);
/* 将按钮组装到一个固定容器的窗口中 */gtk_fixed_put (GTK_FIXED (fixed), button, i*10, i*10);
/* 最后一步是显示新建的构件 */gtk_widget_show (button);}
/* 显示窗口 */gtk_widget_show (window);
/* 进入事件循环 */gtk_main ();return 0;
}点击按钮后，按钮位置发生变化，挺好玩的
20.一个简单的frame：gtk_frame_new（不同于java的JFrame）
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{
/* GtkWidget 是构件的存储类型 */GtkWidget *window;GtkWidget *frame;
/* 初始化 */gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
/* 创建一个新窗口 */window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "Frame Example");
/* 在这里我们将 "destroy" 事件连接到一个回调函数 */g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL);gtk_widget_set_size_request (window, 300, 300);
/* 设置窗口的边框宽度 */gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10);
/* 创建一个框架 */frame = gtk_frame_new (NULL);gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), frame);
/* 设置框架的标签 */gtk_frame_set_label (GTK_FRAME (frame), "GTK Frame Widget");
/* 将标签定位在框架的右边 */gtk_frame_set_label_align (GTK_FRAME (frame), 1.0, 1.0);
/* 设置框架的风格 */gtk_frame_set_shadow_type (GTK_FRAME (frame), GTK_SHADOW_ETCHED_OUT);gtk_widget_show (frame);
/* 显示窗口 */gtk_widget_show (window);
/* 进入事件循环 */gtk_main ();return 0;
}
gtk_aspect_frame_new：更多选项的frame
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{GtkWidget *window;GtkWidget *aspect_frame;GtkWidget *drawing_area;gtk_init (&argc, &argv);window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "Aspect Frame");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL);gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10);
/* 创建一个比例框架,将它添加到顶级窗口中 */aspect_frame = gtk_aspect_frame_new ("2x1", /* label */0.5, /* center x */0.5, /* center y */2, /* xsize/ysize = 2 */FALSE /* ignore child's aspect */);gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), aspect_frame);gtk_widget_show (aspect_frame);
/* 添加一个子构件到比例框架中 */drawing_area = gtk_drawing_area_new ();
/* 要求一个 200×200 的窗口,但是比例框架会给出一个 200×100
* 的窗口,因为我们已经指定了 2×1 的比例值 */gtk_widget_set_size_request (drawing_area, 200, 200);gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (aspect_frame), drawing_area);gtk_widget_show (drawing_area);gtk_widget_show (window);gtk_main ();return 0;
}
21.滚动窗口：gtk_scrolled_window_new
#include <stdio.h>
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
/* 创建一个"信息"列表 */
GtkWidget *create_list( void )
{GtkWidget *scrolled_window;GtkWidget *tree_view;GtkListStore *model;GtkTreeIter iter;GtkCellRenderer *cell;GtkTreeViewColumn *column;int i;
/* 创建一个新的滚动窗口(scrolled window),只有需要时,滚动条才出现 */scrolled_window = gtk_scrolled_window_new (NULL, NULL);gtk_scrolled_window_set_policy (GTK_SCROLLED_WINDOW (scrolled_window),GTK_POLICY_AUTOMATIC, GTK_POLICY_AUTOMATIC);model = gtk_list_store_new (1, G_TYPE_STRING);tree_view = gtk_tree_view_new ();gtk_scrolled_window_add_with_viewport (GTK_SCROLLED_WINDOW (scrolled_window), tree_view);gtk_tree_view_set_model (GTK_TREE_VIEW (tree_view), GTK_TREE_MODEL (model));gtk_widget_show (tree_view);
/* 在窗口中添加一些消息 */for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) {gchar *msg = g_strdup_printf ("Message #%d", i);gtk_list_store_append (GTK_LIST_STORE (model), &iter);gtk_list_store_set (GTK_LIST_STORE (model),&iter,0, msg,-1);g_free (msg);}cell = gtk_cell_renderer_text_new ();column = gtk_tree_view_column_new_with_attributes ("Messages", cell, "text", 0, NULL);gtk_tree_view_append_column (GTK_TREE_VIEW (tree_view),GTK_TREE_VIEW_COLUMN (column));return scrolled_window;
}
/* 向文本构件中添加一些文本 - 这是当窗口被实例化(realized)时调用的回调函数。
* 我们也可以用 gtk_widget_realize 强行将窗口实例化,但这必须在它的层次关系
* 确定后(be part of a hierarchy)才行。 */
// 译者注: 构件的层次关系就是其 parent 被确定。将一个子构件加到一个容器中
// 时,其 parent 就是这个容器。层次关系被确定要求,其 parent 的 parent...也
// 确定了。顶级窗口可以不要 parent。只是我的经验理解。
void insert_text (GtkTextBuffer *buffer)
{GtkTextIter iter;gtk_text_buffer_get_iter_at_offset (buffer, &iter, 0);gtk_text_buffer_insert (buffer, &iter,"From: pathfinder@nasa.gov\n""To: mom@nasa.gov\n""Subject: Made it!\n""\n""We just got in this morning. The weather has been\n""great - clear but cold, and there are lots of fun sights.\n""Sojourner says hi. See you soon.\n"" -Path\n", -1);
}
/* 创建一个滚动文本区域,用于显示一个"信息" */
GtkWidget *create_text( void )
{GtkWidget *scrolled_window;GtkWidget *view;GtkTextBuffer *buffer;view = gtk_text_view_new ();buffer = gtk_text_view_get_buffer (GTK_TEXT_VIEW (view));scrolled_window = gtk_scrolled_window_new (NULL, NULL);gtk_scrolled_window_set_policy (GTK_SCROLLED_WINDOW (scrolled_window),GTK_POLICY_AUTOMATIC, GTK_POLICY_AUTOMATIC);gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (scrolled_window), view);insert_text (buffer);gtk_widget_show_all (scrolled_window);return scrolled_window;
}
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{GtkWidget *window;GtkWidget *vpaned;GtkWidget *list;GtkWidget *text;gtk_init (&argc, &argv);window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "Paned Windows");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy",G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL);gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10);gtk_widget_set_size_request (GTK_WIDGET (window), 450, 400);
/* 在顶级窗口上添加一个垂直分栏窗口构件 */vpaned = gtk_hpaned_new ();gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), vpaned);gtk_widget_show (vpaned);
/* 在分栏窗口的两部分各添加一些构件 */list = create_list ();gtk_paned_add1 (GTK_PANED (vpaned), list);gtk_widget_show (list);text = create_text ();gtk_paned_add2 (GTK_PANED (vpaned), text);gtk_widget_show (text);gtk_widget_show (window);gtk_main ();return 0;
}
又一个例子：滚动窗口中放按钮
#include <stdio.h>
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
void destroy( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data )
{gtk_main_quit ();
}
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{static GtkWidget *window;GtkWidget *scrolled_window;GtkWidget *table;GtkWidget *button;char buffer[32];int i, j;gtk_init (&argc, &argv);/* 创建一个新的对话框窗口,滚动窗口就放在这个窗口上 */window = gtk_dialog_new ();g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (destroy), NULL);gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "GtkScrolledWindow example");gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 0);gtk_widget_set_size_request (window, 300, 300);
/* 创建一个新的滚动窗口。 */scrolled_window = gtk_scrolled_window_new (NULL, NULL);gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (scrolled_window), 10);
/* 滚动条的出现方式可以是 GTK_POLICY_AUTOMATIC 或 GTK_POLICY_ALWAYS。
* 设为 GTK_POLICY_AUTOMATIC 将自动决定是否需要出现滚动条
* 而设为 GTK_POLICY_ALWAYS,将一直显示一个滚动条
* 第一个是设置水平滚动条,第二个是垂直滚动条 */gtk_scrolled_window_set_policy (GTK_SCROLLED_WINDOW (scrolled_window),GTK_POLICY_AUTOMATIC, GTK_POLICY_ALWAYS);
/* 对话框窗口内部包含一个 vbox 构件 */gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (GTK_DIALOG(window)->vbox), scrolled_window, TRUE, TRUE, 0);gtk_widget_show (scrolled_window);
/* 创建一个包含 10×10 个格子的表格 */table = gtk_table_new (10, 10, FALSE);
/* 设置 x 和 y 方向的行间间距为 10 像素 */gtk_table_set_row_spacings (GTK_TABLE (table), 10);gtk_table_set_col_spacings (GTK_TABLE (table), 10);
/* 将表格组装到滚动窗口中 */gtk_scrolled_window_add_with_viewport ( GTK_SCROLLED_WINDOW (scrolled_window), table);gtk_widget_show (table);
/* 简单地在表格中添加许多开关按钮以展示滚动窗口 */for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)for (j = 0; j < 10; j++) {sprintf (buffer, "button (%d,%d)\n", i, j);button = gtk_toggle_button_new_with_label (buffer);gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, i, i+1, j, j+1);gtk_widget_show (button);}
/* 在对话框的底部添加一个"close"按钮 */button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("close");g_signal_connect_swapped (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (gtk_widget_destroy), window);
/* 让按钮能被缺省 */GTK_WIDGET_SET_FLAGS (button, GTK_CAN_DEFAULT);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (GTK_DIALOG (window)->action_area), button, TRUE, TRUE, 0);
/* 将按钮固定为缺省按钮,只要按回车键就相当于点击了这个按钮 */gtk_widget_grab_default (button);gtk_widget_show (button);gtk_widget_show (window);gtk_main();return 0;
}
22.按钮盒子：button box
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
/* 用指定的参数创建一个按钮盒 */
GtkWidget *create_bbox( gint horizontal, char *title, gint spacing,gint child_w, gint child_h, gint layout )
{GtkWidget *frame;GtkWidget *bbox;GtkWidget *button;frame = gtk_frame_new (title);if (horizontal)bbox = gtk_hbutton_box_new ();elsebbox = gtk_vbutton_box_new ();gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (bbox), 5);gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), bbox);
/* 设置按钮盒的外观 */gtk_button_box_set_layout (GTK_BUTTON_BOX (bbox), layout);gtk_box_set_spacing (GTK_BOX (bbox), spacing);
/*gtk_button_box_set_child_size (GTK_BUTTON_BOX (bbox), child_w, child_h);*/button = gtk_button_new_from_stock (GTK_STOCK_OK);gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (bbox), button);button = gtk_button_new_from_stock (GTK_STOCK_CANCEL);gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (bbox), button);button = gtk_button_new_from_stock (GTK_STOCK_HELP);gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (bbox), button);return frame;
}
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{static GtkWidget* window = NULL;GtkWidget *main_vbox;GtkWidget *vbox;GtkWidget *hbox;GtkWidget *frame_horz;GtkWidget *frame_vert;
/* 初始化 */gtk_init (&argc, &argv);window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "Button Boxes");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL);gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10);main_vbox = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 0);gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), main_vbox);frame_horz = gtk_frame_new ("Horizontal Button Boxes");gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (main_vbox), frame_horz, TRUE, TRUE, 10);vbox = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 0);gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (vbox), 10);gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame_horz), vbox);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox),create_bbox (TRUE, "Spread (spacing 40)", 40, 85, 20, GTK_BUTTONBOX_SPREAD), TRUE, TRUE, 0);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), create_bbox (TRUE, "Edge (spacing 30)", 30, 85, 20,GTK_BUTTONBOX_EDGE), TRUE, TRUE, 5);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox),create_bbox (TRUE, "Start (spacing 20)", 20, 85, 20, GTK_BUTTONBOX_START), TRUE, TRUE, 5);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), create_bbox (TRUE, "End (spacing 10)", 10, 85, 20,GTK_BUTTONBOX_END), TRUE, TRUE, 5);frame_vert = gtk_frame_new ("Vertical Button Boxes");gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (main_vbox), frame_vert, TRUE, TRUE, 10);hbox = gtk_hbox_new (FALSE, 0);gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (hbox), 10);gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame_vert), hbox);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (hbox), create_bbox (FALSE, "Spread (spacing 5)", 5, 85, 20,GTK_BUTTONBOX_SPREAD), TRUE, TRUE, 0);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (hbox), create_bbox (FALSE, "Edge (spacing 30)", 30, 85, 20,GTK_BUTTONBOX_EDGE), TRUE, TRUE, 5);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (hbox), create_bbox (FALSE, "Start (spacing 20)", 20, 85, 20,GTK_BUTTONBOX_START), TRUE, TRUE, 5);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (hbox), create_bbox (FALSE, "End (spacing 20)", 20, 85, 20,GTK_BUTTONBOX_END), TRUE, TRUE, 5);gtk_widget_show_all (window);
/* 进入事件循环 */gtk_main ();return 0;
}
23.在aspect_frame中显示一个图片
#include <gtk/gtk.h>#define pixmap GdkPixmap
#define pixbuf GdkPixmapvoid hello( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data )
{g_print ("Hello World\n");//temp(data );
}
gint delete_event( GtkWidget *widget, GdkEvent *event, gpointer data )
{g_print ("delete event occurred\n");return FALSE;
}
void destroy( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data )
{gtk_main_quit ();
}int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{GtkWidget *window;GtkWidget *draw;GtkWidget *frame;gtk_init (&argc, &argv);window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "delete_event", G_CALLBACK (delete_event), NULL);g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (destroy), NULL);gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10);frame = gtk_aspect_frame_new ("image:",0.5, 0.1,1, FALSE);gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), frame);draw = gtk_drawing_area_new();gtk_widget_set_size_request (draw, 800, 600);draw = gtk_image_new_from_file("batman.jpg");// g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (draw), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (expose_event), NULL);gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), draw);gtk_widget_show_all (window);gtk_main ();return 0;
}
显示动态图：直接引用GIF，用多张图片显示动图效果
/* 简单的动画 gif.c */
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
static GtkWidget *ourgif ;
static gchar *bmpfile[4] = {"l.bmp","r.bmp","u.bmp","d.bmp" };
gint i = 0 ;
void change_bmp ()
{ //依次更改图像实现动态效果gtk_image_set_from_file(GTK_IMAGE(ourgif),bmpfile[i]);i++ ;if ( i == 4 ) i = 0 ;
}
int main ( int argc , char* argv[])
{GtkWidget *window;GtkWidget *vbox;GtkWidget *hbox;GtkWidget *label;GtkWidget *image;gtk_init(&argc,&argv);window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"delete_event",G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"简单的动画");//gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(window),GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER);gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),10);vbox = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0);gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),vbox);label = gtk_label_new("直接引用GIF动画");gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),label,FALSE,FALSE,5);image = gtk_image_new_from_file("a.gif");gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),image,FALSE,FALSE,5);label = gtk_label_new("四幅静态的图像");gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),label,FALSE,FALSE,5);hbox = gtk_hbox_new(FALSE,0);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),hbox,FALSE,FALSE,5);image = gtk_image_new_from_file("l.bmp");gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),image,FALSE,FALSE,5);image = gtk_image_new_from_file("r.bmp");gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),image,FALSE,FALSE,5);image = gtk_image_new_from_file("u.bmp");gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),image,FALSE,FALSE,5);image = gtk_image_new_from_file("d.bmp");gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),image,FALSE,FALSE,5);label = gtk_label_new("通过时钟控制的动画");gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),label,FALSE,FALSE,5);ourgif = gtk_image_new_from_file("p1.bmp");gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),ourgif,FALSE,FALSE,5);gtk_timeout_add(150,(GtkFunction)change_bmp,NULL);gtk_widget_show_all(window);gtk_main();return FALSE;
}
24.画图接口：gdk_draw_arc，gdk_draw_rectangle
#include <gtk/gtk.h>static void destroy( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data )
{gtk_main_quit ();
}
static gboolean my_expose( GtkWidget *da,GdkEventExpose *event,gpointer data )
{GdkGC *gc1, *gc2, *gc; /*gc1为矩形，gc2为文字*/GdkColor color;gc1 = gdk_gc_new( da->window );color.red = 10000;color.green = 20000;color.blue = 30000;gdk_gc_set_rgb_fg_color(gc1, &color );gc2 = gdk_gc_new( da->window );color.red = 1;color.green = 2;color.blue = 3;gdk_gc_set_rgb_fg_color( gc2, &color );gc = gc1;gdk_draw_rectangle( da->window, gc, TRUE,//fill or not50, 50, 100, 100 ); /*（fx、fz、dx、dz）*/gc = gc2;gdk_draw_arc( da->window, gc, TRUE, //fill or not50, 50, 100, 100, 0, 270 * 64 ); /*（fx、fz、dx、dz、0、arc）*/PangoLayout *layout = gtk_widget_create_pango_layout( da, "This is a cube \nand a circle." );PangoFontDescription *fontdesc = pango_font_description_from_string( "Luxi Mono 8" );pango_layout_set_font_description( layout, fontdesc ); gdk_draw_layout( da->window, gc1, 50, 155, layout );pango_font_description_free( fontdesc );g_object_unref( layout );g_object_unref( G_OBJECT(gc1) );g_object_unref( G_OBJECT(gc2) );return TRUE;
}
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{GtkWidget *window;GtkWidget *da; //drawing areagtk_init (&argc, &argv);window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);g_signal_connect( G_OBJECT (window), "destroy",G_CALLBACK (destroy), NULL );da = gtk_drawing_area_new ();/* set a minimum size */gtk_widget_set_size_request( da, 200, 200 );gtk_container_add( GTK_CONTAINER(window), da );g_signal_connect( da, "expose_event", G_CALLBACK(my_expose), NULL );gtk_widget_show_all( window ); //simply show all widgetsgtk_main();return 0;
}
25.文本文件编辑gtk_text_view_new
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
GtkWidget *text_view;
GtkTextBuffer *buffer;
GtkTextIter *Iter; void button_event(GtkWidget *widget,gpointer *data)
{const gchar *text={"How are you!\n"};GtkTextIter start,end; gtk_text_buffer_get_bounds(GTK_TEXT_BUFFER(buffer),&start,&end);gtk_text_buffer_insert(GTK_TEXT_BUFFER(buffer),&end,text,strlen(text));
}int main(int argc,char *argv[ ])
{ GtkWidget *window;GtkWidget *button; GtkWidget *box; gtk_init(&argc,&argv); window=gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); gtk_widget_set_size_request(window,400,300); g_signal_connect(GTK_OBJECT(window),"destroy",G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL); box=gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0);gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),box); text_view=gtk_text_view_new();gtk_widget_set_size_request(text_view,400,250); gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),text_view,FALSE,FALSE,0); buffer=gtk_text_view_get_buffer(GTK_TEXT_VIEW(text_view));button=gtk_button_new_with_label("sure");gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button,FALSE,FALSE,5);gtk_signal_connect(GTK_OBJECT(button),"clicked",GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(button_event),NULL); gtk_widget_show_all(window); gtk_main();
}
26.菜单/工具栏：gtk_menu_new
/* 添加菜单 menu.c */
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
void on_menu_activate (GtkMenuItem* item,gpointer data)
{//g_print("菜单项 %s 被激活\n",(gchar*)data);g_print("Menuitem %s is pressed.\n",(gchar*)data);
}
int main (int argc, char* argv[])
{GtkWidget* window;GtkWidget* box;GtkWidget* menubar;GtkWidget* menu;GtkWidget* editmenu;GtkWidget* helpmenu;GtkWidget* rootmenu;GtkWidget* menuitem;GtkAccelGroup* accel_group ;gtk_init(&argc,&argv);window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);gtk_widget_set_size_request(window,400,300); gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"菜单测试程序");g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"destroy",G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);accel_group = gtk_accel_group_new();gtk_window_add_accel_group(GTK_WINDOW(window),accel_group);// AccelGroupbox = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0);gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),box);menu = gtk_menu_new();//文件菜单menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_NEW,accel_group);gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu),menuitem);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate",G_CALLBACK(on_menu_activate),//(gpointer)("新建"));(gpointer)("New"));menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_OPEN,accel_group);gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu),menuitem);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate",G_CALLBACK(on_menu_activate),//(gpointer)("打开"));(gpointer)("Open"));menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_SAVE,accel_group);gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu),menuitem);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate",G_CALLBACK(on_menu_activate),//(gpointer)("保存"));(gpointer)("Save"));menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_SAVE_AS,accel_group);gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu),menuitem);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate",G_CALLBACK(on_menu_activate),//(gpointer)("另存为"));(gpointer)("Save As"));menuitem = gtk_separator_menu_item_new();gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu),menuitem);menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_QUIT,accel_group);gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu),menuitem);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate",G_CALLBACK(on_menu_activate),//(gpointer)("退出"));(gpointer)("Exit"));rootmenu = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label(" 文件 ");gtk_menu_item_set_submenu(GTK_MENU_ITEM(rootmenu),menu);menubar = gtk_menu_bar_new();gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menubar),rootmenu);rootmenu = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label(" 编辑 ");editmenu = gtk_menu_new();//编辑菜单menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_CUT,accel_group);gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(editmenu),menuitem);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate",G_CALLBACK(on_menu_activate),//(gpointer)("剪切"));(gpointer)("Cut"));menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_COPY,accel_group);gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(editmenu),menuitem);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate",G_CALLBACK(on_menu_activate),//(gpointer)("复制"));(gpointer)("Copy"));menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_PASTE,accel_group);gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(editmenu),menuitem);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate",G_CALLBACK(on_menu_activate),//(gpointer)("粘贴"));(gpointer)("Paste"));menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_FIND,accel_group);gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(editmenu),menuitem);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate",G_CALLBACK(on_menu_activate),//(gpointer)("查找"));(gpointer)("Search"));gtk_menu_item_set_submenu(GTK_MENU_ITEM(rootmenu),editmenu);gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menubar),rootmenu);rootmenu = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label(" 帮助 ");helpmenu = gtk_menu_new();menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_HELP,accel_group);gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(helpmenu),menuitem);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate",G_CALLBACK(on_menu_activate),//(gpointer)("帮助"));(gpointer)("Help"));menuitem = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label(" 关于... ");gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(helpmenu),menuitem);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate",G_CALLBACK(on_menu_activate),//(gpointer)("关于"));(gpointer)("About"));gtk_menu_item_set_submenu(GTK_MENU_ITEM(rootmenu),helpmenu);gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menubar),rootmenu);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),menubar,FALSE,FALSE,0);gtk_widget_show_all(window);gtk_main();return FALSE;
}
27.工具栏/条：gtk_toolbar_new
/* 添加工具条 toolbar.c*/
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
void on_button_clicked (GtkButton* button,gpointer data)
{g_print("你点击的按钮是 %s \n",(gchar*)data);
}
int main (int argc, char* argv[])
{GtkWidget* window;GtkWidget* box ;GtkWidget* toolbar ;GtkWidget* entry ;GtkWidget* label ;gtk_init(&argc,&argv);window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);gtk_widget_set_size_request(window,700,100); gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"添加工具条");g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"destroy",G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);box = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0);gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),box);toolbar = gtk_toolbar_new();gtk_toolbar_insert_stock(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar),GTK_STOCK_NEW,"新建一个文件","新建",GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(on_button_clicked),(gpointer)("新建"),-1);gtk_toolbar_insert_stock(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar),GTK_STOCK_OPEN,"打开一个文件","打开",GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(on_button_clicked),(gpointer)("打开"),-1);gtk_toolbar_insert_stock(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar),GTK_STOCK_SAVE,"保存当前文件","保存",GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(on_button_clicked),(gpointer)("保存"),-1);gtk_toolbar_append_space(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar));label = gtk_label_new(" 文件名：");gtk_toolbar_append_widget(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar),label,"这是一个标签","标签");entry = gtk_entry_new();gtk_toolbar_append_widget(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar),entry,"这是一个录入条","录入");gtk_toolbar_append_space(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar));gtk_toolbar_insert_stock(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar),GTK_STOCK_CUT,"剪切","剪切",GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(on_button_clicked),(gpointer)("剪切"),-1);gtk_toolbar_insert_stock(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar),GTK_STOCK_COPY,"复制","复制",GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(on_button_clicked),(gpointer)("复制"),-1);gtk_toolbar_insert_stock(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar),GTK_STOCK_PASTE,"粘贴","粘贴",GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(on_button_clicked),(gpointer)("粘贴"),-1);gtk_toolbar_append_space(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar));gtk_toolbar_insert_stock(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar),GTK_STOCK_QUIT,"退出","退出",GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(on_button_clicked),(gpointer)("退出"),-1);gtk_toolbar_set_style(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar),GTK_TOOLBAR_ICONS);gtk_toolbar_set_icon_size(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar),GTK_ICON_SIZE_SMALL_TOOLBAR);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),toolbar,FALSE,FALSE,0);gtk_widget_show_all(window);gtk_main();return FALSE;
}
28.浮动的工具条的菜单
/* 浮动的工具条和菜单 handle.c */
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
//创建自己按钮的函数
GtkWidget* create_button (char *filename)
{GtkWidget* image;GtkWidget* button;image = gtk_image_new_from_file(filename) ;gtk_widget_show(image);button = gtk_button_new();gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(button),image) ;return button ;
}
//主函数
int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{GtkWidget* window;GtkWidget* vbox;GtkWidget* hbox;GtkWidget* box;GtkWidget* box1;GtkWidget* handle;GtkWidget* handle1;GtkWidget* menubar;GtkWidget* button1;GtkWidget* button2;GtkWidget* button3;GtkWidget* button4;GtkWidget* menu;GtkWidget* menuitem;GtkWidget* rootmenu;GtkTooltips* button_tips;char* title = "浮动的工具条和菜单";gtk_init(&argc,&argv);window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),title);gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),5);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"destroy",G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);vbox = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0);gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),vbox);hbox = gtk_hbox_new(FALSE,0);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),hbox,FALSE,FALSE,5);handle = gtk_handle_box_new();gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),handle,FALSE,FALSE,5);box = gtk_hbox_new(FALSE,0);gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(handle),box);button1 = create_button("win7.jpg") ;gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button1,FALSE,FALSE,3);button2 = create_button("dir.jpg");gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button2,FALSE,FALSE,3);button3 = create_button("save.gif");gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button3,FALSE,FALSE,3);button4 = create_button("quit.gif");gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button4,FALSE,FALSE,3);button_tips = gtk_tooltips_new();gtk_tooltips_set_tip(GTK_TOOLTIPS(button_tips),button1,"创建一个新文件","New");gtk_tooltips_set_tip(GTK_TOOLTIPS(button_tips),button2,"打开文件","Open");gtk_tooltips_set_tip(GTK_TOOLTIPS(button_tips),button3,"保存当前编辑的文件","Save");gtk_tooltips_set_tip(GTK_TOOLTIPS(button_tips),button4,"退出此程序","Quit");handle1 = gtk_handle_box_new();gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),handle1,FALSE,FALSE,5);box1 = gtk_hbox_new(FALSE,0);gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(handle1),box1);menubar = gtk_menu_bar_new();gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box1),menubar,FALSE,FALSE,5);menu = gtk_menu_new();menuitem = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label("菜单项一");gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu),menuitem);menuitem = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label("菜单项二");gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu),menuitem);rootmenu = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label(" 文件 ");gtk_menu_item_set_submenu(GTK_MENU_ITEM(rootmenu),menu);gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menubar),rootmenu);gtk_widget_show_all(window);gtk_main();return FALSE ;
}
29.一个文本编辑器：包含menu，toolbar，statusbar
// A app //
///a
///a
///a
///a
/*a 回调函数文件 callbacks.c */
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
gboolean on_window_delete_event (GtkWidget* widget,
GdkEvent *event,
gpointer data)
{gtk_main_quit();return FALSE;
}
void on_file_new_activate (GtkMenuItem* menuitem, gpointer data)
{g_print("the file_new is clicked .\n");
}
void on_file_open_activate (GtkMenuItem* menuitem, gpointer data)
{
}
void on_file_save_activate (GtkMenuItem* menuitem, gpointer data)
{
}
void on_file_saveas_activate (GtkMenuItem* menuitem, gpointer data)
{
}
void on_file_exit_activate (GtkMenuItem* menuitem,gpointer data)
{
}
void on_edit_cut_activate (GtkMenuItem* menuitem,gpointer data)
{
}
void on_edit_copy_activate (GtkMenuItem* menuitem,gpointer data)
{
}
void on_edit_paste_activate (GtkMenuItem* menuitem,gpointer data)
{
}
void on_edit_selectall_activate (GtkMenuItem* menuitem,gpointer data)
{
}
void on_edit_find_activate (GtkMenuItem* menuitem,gpointer data)
{
}
void on_help_help_activate (GtkMenuItem* menuitem,gpointer data)
{
}
void on_help_about_activate (GtkMenuItem* menuitem,gpointer data)
{
}///a
///a
///a
///a
/* 界面代码文件 interface.c */
//#include <gtk/gtk.h>
//#include "callbacks.h"
GtkWidget* create_menu (GtkAccelGroup* accel_group,GtkWidget *window);
GtkWidget* create_toolbar (GtkWidget* window);
GtkWidget* create_window (void)
{GtkWidget* window;GtkWidget* text;GtkWidget* scrolledwin;GtkWidget* box;GtkWidget* statusbar;GtkWidget* menubar ;GtkWidget* toolbar ;GtkAccelGroup* accel_group ;window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"完整的应用程序窗口");gtk_window_set_default_size(GTK_WINDOW(window),400,300);accel_group = gtk_accel_group_new();gtk_window_add_accel_group(GTK_WINDOW(window),accel_group);box = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0);gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), box);menubar = create_menu(accel_group,window);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),menubar,0,0,0);toolbar = create_toolbar(window);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),toolbar,0,1,0);scrolledwin = gtk_scrolled_window_new(NULL,NULL);text = gtk_text_view_new();gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),scrolledwin,TRUE,TRUE,0);gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(scrolledwin),text);gtk_text_view_set_editable(GTK_TEXT_VIEW(text),TRUE);statusbar = gtk_statusbar_new();gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),statusbar,FALSE,FALSE,0);gtk_widget_show_all(window);return window;
}
GtkWidget* create_menu (GtkAccelGroup* accel_group,GtkWidget *window)
{GtkWidget* menubar;GtkWidget* menu;GtkWidget* editmenu;GtkWidget* helpmenu;GtkWidget* rootmenu;GtkWidget* menuitem;menu = gtk_menu_new();//文件菜单menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_NEW,accel_group);gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu),menuitem);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate",G_CALLBACK(on_file_new_activate),NULL);menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_OPEN,accel_group);gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu),menuitem);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate",G_CALLBACK(on_file_new_activate),NULL);menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_SAVE,accel_group);gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu),menuitem);menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_SAVE_AS,accel_group);gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu),menuitem);menuitem = gtk_separator_menu_item_new();gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu),menuitem);menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_QUIT,accel_group);gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu),menuitem);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate",G_CALLBACK(on_window_delete_event),NULL);rootmenu = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label(" 文件 ");gtk_widget_show(rootmenu);gtk_menu_item_set_submenu(GTK_MENU_ITEM(rootmenu),menu);menubar = gtk_menu_bar_new();gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menubar),rootmenu);rootmenu = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label(" 编辑 ");editmenu = gtk_menu_new();//编辑菜单menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_CUT,accel_group);gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(editmenu),menuitem);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate",G_CALLBACK(on_edit_cut_activate),NULL);menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_COPY,accel_group);gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(editmenu),menuitem);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate",G_CALLBACK(on_edit_copy_activate),NULL);menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_PASTE,accel_group);gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(editmenu),menuitem);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate",G_CALLBACK(on_edit_paste_activate),NULL);menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_FIND,accel_group);gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(editmenu),menuitem);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate",G_CALLBACK(on_edit_find_activate),NULL);gtk_widget_show(rootmenu);gtk_menu_item_set_submenu(GTK_MENU_ITEM(rootmenu),editmenu);gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menubar),rootmenu);rootmenu = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label(" 帮助 ");helpmenu = gtk_menu_new();menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_HELP,accel_group);gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(helpmenu),menuitem);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate",G_CALLBACK(on_help_help_activate),NULL);menuitem = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label(" 关于 ");gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(helpmenu),menuitem);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate",G_CALLBACK(on_help_about_activate),NULL);gtk_menu_item_set_submenu(GTK_MENU_ITEM(rootmenu),helpmenu);gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menubar),rootmenu);return menubar ;
}
GtkWidget* create_toolbar (GtkWidget* window)
{GtkWidget* toolbar ;toolbar = gtk_toolbar_new();gtk_toolbar_insert_stock(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar),GTK_STOCK_NEW,"创建一个新文件","新建",GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(on_file_new_activate),window,-1);gtk_toolbar_insert_stock(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar),GTK_STOCK_OPEN,"打开一个文件","打开",GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(on_file_open_activate),toolbar,-1);gtk_toolbar_insert_stock(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar),GTK_STOCK_SAVE,"保存当前文件","保存",GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(on_file_save_activate),toolbar,-1);return toolbar;
}
///a
///a
///a
///a
/* 主函数文件 main.c*/
//#include <gtk/gtk.h>
//#include "callbacks.h"
//#include "interface.h"
int main (int argc , gchar* argv[])
{GtkWidget * window ;gtk_init(&argc,&argv);window = create_window();g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"delete_event",G_CALLBACK(on_window_delete_event),NULL);gtk_widget_show(window);gtk_main();return FALSE;
}
30.模拟90坦克游戏：在frame中移动一个图片，键盘控制走向
/* 坦克游戏 tank.c */
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
#include <gdk/gdkkeysyms.h>
enum _FORWARD { LEFT, UP, RIGHT, DOWN } ;
typedef enum _FORWARD Forward; //定义方向类型
void move (Forward fw);
void key_press (GtkWidget* widget,GdkEventKey *event,gpointer data);
static gchar* tank_file[4] = {"u.bmp","r.bmp","d.bmp","l.bmp"};
static GtkWidget *fixed;
static GtkWidget *tank_image;
gint i = 75 ;
gint j = 75 ;
Forward forward = UP ;//定义方向
void move (Forward fw)
{switch(fw){case UP :j = j - 5 ;if ( j < 0 ) j = 400 ;gtk_image_set_from_file(GTK_IMAGE(tank_image),tank_file[0]);gtk_fixed_move(GTK_FIXED(fixed),tank_image,i,j);break;case DOWN :j = j + 5;if ( j > 400 ) j = 0 ;gtk_image_set_from_file(GTK_IMAGE(tank_image),tank_file[2]);gtk_fixed_move(GTK_FIXED(fixed),tank_image,i,j);break;case LEFT :i = i - 5;if ( i < 0 ) i = 400 ;gtk_image_set_from_file(GTK_IMAGE(tank_image),tank_file[3]);gtk_fixed_move(GTK_FIXED(fixed),tank_image,i,j);break;case RIGHT :i = i + 5;if ( i > 400 ) i = 0 ;gtk_image_set_from_file(GTK_IMAGE(tank_image),tank_file[1]);gtk_fixed_move(GTK_FIXED(fixed),tank_image,i,j);break;}
}
void key_press (GtkWidget* widget,GdkEventKey *event,gpointer data)
{switch(event->keyval){case GDK_Up :forward = UP;move(forward);break;case GDK_Down :forward = DOWN;move(forward);break;case GDK_Left :forward = LEFT;move(forward);break;case GDK_Right :forward = RIGHT;move(forward);break;}
}
//主函数
int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{GtkWidget* window;GtkWidget* vbox;GtkWidget* bbox;GtkWidget* sep;GtkWidget* frame;GtkWidget* button;gtk_init(&argc,&argv);window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"坦克游戏");gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),10);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"destroy",G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"key_press_event",G_CALLBACK(key_press),NULL);keyboard inputvbox = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0);gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),vbox);frame = gtk_frame_new(NULL);gtk_frame_set_shadow_type(GTK_FRAME(frame),GTK_SHADOW_ETCHED_OUT);fixed = gtk_fixed_new();gtk_fixed_set_has_window(GTK_FIXED(fixed),TRUE);gtk_widget_set_size_request(fixed,400,400);gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(frame),fixed);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),frame,TRUE,TRUE,5);sep = gtk_hseparator_new();gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),sep,FALSE,FALSE,5);bbox = gtk_hbutton_box_new();gtk_button_box_set_layout(GTK_BUTTON_BOX(bbox),GTK_BUTTONBOX_END);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),bbox,FALSE,FALSE,5);button = gtk_button_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_QUIT);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked",G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);gtk_box_pack_end(GTK_BOX(bbox),button,FALSE,FALSE,5);tank_image = gtk_image_new_from_file(tank_file[0]);gtk_fixed_put(GTK_FIXED(fixed),tank_image,i,j);gtk_widget_show_all(window);gtk_main();return FALSE ;
}
31.pixmap：
网址：https://developer.gimp.org/api/2.0/gdk-pixbuf/gdk-pixbuf-creating.html
我暂时没找到一个pixmap的图像，等找到以后在更新
/* 图像的直接引用 pixmap.c */
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
#include "a.h" //这里买年包含了一个pixmap图像
int main ( int argc , char* argv[])
{GtkWidget *window;GtkWidget *vbox;GtkWidget *frame;GtkWidget *image;GdkPixbuf *pixbuf;GdkPixbuf *pix1,*pix2,*pix3;gtk_init(&argc,&argv);window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"delete_event",G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"图像的直接引用");gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(window),GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER);gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),10);vbox = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0);gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),vbox);pixbuf = gdk_pixbuf_new_from_file("b.png",NULL);frame = gtk_frame_new("这是一幅完整的图像");image = gtk_image_new_from_pixbuf(pixbuf);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),frame,FALSE,FALSE,5);gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(frame),image);pix1 = gdk_pixbuf_new_subpixbuf(pixbuf,280,40,40,40);frame = gtk_frame_new("从上图中分割出来的一幅图像");image = gtk_image_new_from_pixbuf(pix1);gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(frame),image);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),frame,FALSE,FALSE,5);pix2 =gdk_pixbuf_new_from_inline(22400+24,pieces_inline,TRUE,NULL);frame = gtk_frame_new("内建的一幅图像");image = gtk_image_new_from_pixbuf(pix2);gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(frame),image);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),frame,FALSE,FALSE,5);pix3 = gdk_pixbuf_new_subpixbuf(pix2,120,20,20,20);frame = gtk_frame_new("从内建图像中分割出来的一幅图像");image = gtk_image_new_from_pixbuf(pix3);gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(frame),image);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),frame,FALSE,FALSE,5);gtk_widget_show_all(window);gtk_main();return FALSE;
}32.固定调节数值的按钮:gtk_spin_button_new_with_range
/* 滚动按钮 spin.c */
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
int main (int argc, char* argv[])
{GtkWidget* window;GtkWidget* vbox;GtkWidget* frame;GtkWidget* spin;GtkWidget* label;GtkWidget* vvbox;GtkWidget *hbox,*vbox1,*vbox2,*vbox3;GtkAdjustment* adj1;gtk_init(&argc,&argv);window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"滚动按钮");g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"destroy",G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),10);vbox = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0);gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),vbox);frame = gtk_frame_new("日历");gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),frame,FALSE,FALSE,5);hbox = gtk_hbox_new(FALSE,0);gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(frame),hbox);gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(hbox),10);vbox1 = gtk_vbox_new(TRUE,0);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),vbox1,TRUE,TRUE,5);label = gtk_label_new("年：");gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox1),label,FALSE,FALSE,2);spin = gtk_spin_button_new_with_range(2019,2100,1);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox1),spin,FALSE,FALSE,2);vbox2 = gtk_vbox_new(TRUE,0);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),vbox2,TRUE,TRUE,5);label = gtk_label_new("月：");gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox2),label,FALSE,FALSE,2);spin = gtk_spin_button_new_with_range(1,12,1);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox2),spin,FALSE,FALSE,2);vbox3 = gtk_vbox_new(TRUE,0);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),vbox3,TRUE,TRUE,5);label = gtk_label_new("日：");gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox3),label,FALSE,FALSE,2);spin = gtk_spin_button_new_with_range(1,31,1);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox3),spin,FALSE,FALSE,2);frame = gtk_frame_new(NULL);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),frame,FALSE,FALSE,5);vvbox = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0);gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(frame),vvbox);gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(vvbox),10);label = gtk_label_new("第一个滚动按钮,\n显示整数,范围: 0 - 100");adj1 = (GtkAdjustment *) gtk_adjustment_new (50.0, 0.0, 100.0, 1.0, 5.0, 5.0);spin = gtk_spin_button_new(adj1,5,1);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vvbox),label,FALSE,FALSE,3);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vvbox),spin,FALSE,FALSE,3);label = gtk_label_new("第二个滚动按钮,\n显示浮点数,范围: 0.1 - 1.50");spin = gtk_spin_button_new_with_range(0,9.9,0.1);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vvbox),label,FALSE,FALSE,3);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vvbox),spin,FALSE,FALSE,3);gtk_widget_show_all(window);gtk_main();return FALSE;
}
33.分隔面板：gtk_hpanel_new，gtk_vpanel_new（未编译）
/* 分隔面板 panel.c */
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
int main (int argc, char* argv[])
{GtkWidget *window;GtkWidget *panel;GtkWidget *panel1;GtkWidget *button1;GtkWidget *button2;GtkWidget *button3;gtk_init(&argc,&argv);window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"分隔面板测试程序");g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"destroy",G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);panel = gtk_hpanel_new();gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),panel);gtk_widget_show(panel);button1 = gtk_button_new_with_label("按钮一");gtk_panel_add1(GTK_PANEL(panel),button1);gtk_widget_show(button1);panel1 = gtk_vpanel_new();gtk_panel_add2(GTK_PANEL(panel),panel1);gtk_widget_show(panel1);button2 = gtk_button_new_with_label("按钮二");gtk_panel_add1(GTK_PANEL(panel1),button2);gtk_widget_show(button2);button3 = gtk_button_new_with_label("按钮三");gtk_panel_add2(GTK_PANEL(panel1),button3);gtk_widget_show(button3);gtk_widget_show(window);gtk_main();return FALSE;
}34.会话窗口：gtk_button_new_from_stock
共四种：
GTK_STOCK_DIALOG_INFO，
GTK_STOCK_DIALOG_ERROR，
GTK_STOCK_DIALOG_QUESTION，
GTK_STOCK_DIALOG_WARNING
/* 消息对话框测试程序 message.c*/
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
static void on_button_clicked (GtkWidget* button,gint data)
{GtkWidget* dialog ;GtkMessageType type ;gchar *message;switch((int)data){case 1 :message = "这是一个信息提示对话框．";type = GTK_MESSAGE_INFO ; break;case 2 :message = "这是一个错误提示对话框．";type = GTK_MESSAGE_ERROR ; break;case 3 :message = "这是一个问题提示对话框．";type = GTK_MESSAGE_QUESTION ; break;case 4 :message = "这是一个警告提示对话框．";type = GTK_MESSAGE_WARNING ; break;}
//dialog = gtk_message_dialog_new(NULL,GTK_DIALOG_MODAL | GTK_DIALOG_DESTROY_WITH_PARENT,type ,GTK_BUTTONS_OK,message);gtk_dialog_run(GTK_DIALOG(dialog));gtk_widget_destroy(dialog);
}
int main (int argc, char* argv[])
{GtkWidget* window;GtkWidget* frame;GtkWidget* box;GtkWidget* button1;GtkWidget* button2;GtkWidget* button3;GtkWidget* button4;gtk_init(&argc,&argv);window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"创建消息框");g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"destroy",G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),20);frame = gtk_frame_new("四种消息对话框：");gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),frame);box = gtk_hbox_new(TRUE,0);gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(frame),box);gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(box),20);button1= gtk_button_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_DIALOG_INFO);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button1,FALSE,FALSE,5);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button1),"clicked",G_CALLBACK(on_button_clicked),(gpointer)1);button2 = gtk_button_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_DIALOG_ERROR);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button2,FALSE,FALSE,5);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button2),"clicked",G_CALLBACK(on_button_clicked),(gpointer)2);button3 = gtk_button_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_DIALOG_QUESTION);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button3,FALSE,FALSE,5);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button3),"clicked",G_CALLBACK(on_button_clicked),(gpointer)3);button4 = gtk_button_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_DIALOG_WARNING);gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button4,FALSE,FALSE,5);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button4),"clicked",G_CALLBACK(on_button_clicked),(gpointer)4);gtk_widget_show_all(window);gtk_main();return FALSE;
}
35.字体选择：gtk_font_selection_dialog_new
/* 选择字体 fontsel.c */
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
void on_font_select_ok (GtkWidget *button,GtkFontSelectionDialog *fs)
{GtkWidget *dialog;gchar message[1024];gchar *s = gtk_font_selection_dialog_get_font_name(fs);sprintf(message,"你选择的字体是：%s \n",s);dialog = gtk_message_dialog_new(NULL,GTK_DIALOG_DESTROY_WITH_PARENT,GTK_MESSAGE_INFO,GTK_BUTTONS_OK,message,NULL);g_free(s);gtk_widget_destroy(GTK_WIDGET(fs));gtk_dialog_run(GTK_DIALOG(dialog));gtk_widget_destroy(dialog);
}
void on_button_clicked (GtkWidget *button,gpointer userdata)
{GtkWidget* dialog ;dialog = gtk_font_selection_dialog_new("请选择一种字体：");gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(dialog),GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER);gtk_signal_connect(GTK_OBJECT(dialog),"destroy",GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(gtk_widget_destroy),&dialog);gtk_signal_connect(GTK_OBJECT(GTK_FONT_SELECTION_DIALOG(dialog)->ok_button),"clicked",GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(on_font_select_ok),GTK_FONT_SELECTION_DIALOG(dialog));gtk_signal_connect_object(GTK_OBJECT(GTK_FONT_SELECTION_DIALOG(dialog)->cancel_button),"clicked",GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(gtk_widget_destroy),GTK_OBJECT(dialog));gtk_widget_show(dialog);
}
int main ( int argc , char* argv[])
{GtkWidget *window;GtkWidget *button;gtk_init(&argc,&argv);window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"delete_event",G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"字体选择功能实现");gtk_window_set_default_size(GTK_WINDOW(window),500,100);//gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(window),GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER);gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),40);button = gtk_button_new_with_label("按下此按钮来选择字体");g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked",G_CALLBACK(on_button_clicked),NULL);gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),button);gtk_widget_show(button);gtk_widget_show(window);gtk_main();return FALSE;
}
36.几个画图的骚操作：gtk_drawing_area_new
先给出三个例子的效果：
代码1效果
代码2效果
代码3效果
代码1
/* 绘图软件 brush.c */
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
static GtkWidget *window = NULL;
static GdkPixmap *pixmap = NULL;char FN[250]={"layer.txt"};
int nx=300;
int nz=300;static gboolean scribble_configure_event (GtkWidget *widget,GdkEventConfigure *event,gpointer data)
{if (pixmap)g_object_unref (G_OBJECT (pixmap));pixmap = gdk_pixmap_new (widget->window,widget->allocation.width,widget->allocation.height,-1);gdk_draw_rectangle (pixmap,widget->style->white_gc,TRUE,0,0,widget->allocation.width,widget->allocation.height);return TRUE;
}
static gboolean scribble_expose_event (GtkWidget *widget,GdkEventExpose *event,gpointer data)
{gdk_draw_drawable (widget->window,widget->style->fg_gc[GTK_WIDGET_STATE (widget)],pixmap,event->area.x, event->area.y,event->area.x, event->area.y,event->area.width, event->area.height);return FALSE;
}
static void draw_brush (GtkWidget *widget, gdouble x, gdouble y)
{GdkRectangle update_rect;update_rect.x = x - 3;update_rect.y = y - 3;update_rect.width = 6;update_rect.height = 6;gdk_draw_rectangle (pixmap,widget->style->black_gc,TRUE,update_rect.x, update_rect.y,update_rect.width, update_rect.height);gdk_window_invalidate_rect (widget->window,&update_rect,FALSE);
}
static gboolean scribble_button_press_event (GtkWidget *widget,GdkEventButton *event,gpointer data)
{if (pixmap == NULL)return FALSE;if (event->button == 1){draw_brush (widget, event->x, event->y);printf("x=%.2f, z=%.2f\n", event->x, event->y*5.0);}return TRUE;
}
static gboolean scribble_motion_notify_event (GtkWidget *widget,GdkEventMotion *event,gpointer data)
{int x, y;GdkModifierType state;if (pixmap == NULL)return FALSE;gdk_window_get_pointer (event->window, &x, &y, &state);if (state & GDK_BUTTON1_MASK)draw_brush (widget, x, y);return TRUE;
}
static gboolean checkerboard_expose (GtkWidget *da, GdkEventExpose *event,gpointer data)
{gint i, j, xcount, ycount;GdkGC *gc1, *gc2;GdkColor color;
#define CHECK_SIZE 10
#define SPACING 2gc1 = gdk_gc_new (da->window);color.red = 30000;color.green = 0;color.blue = 30000;gdk_gc_set_rgb_fg_color (gc1, &color);gc2 = gdk_gc_new (da->window);color.red = 65535;color.green = 65535;color.blue = 65535;gdk_gc_set_rgb_fg_color (gc2, &color);xcount = 0;i = SPACING;while (i < da->allocation.width){j = SPACING;ycount = xcount % 2;while (j < da->allocation.height){GdkGC *gc;if (ycount % 2)gc = gc1;elsegc = gc2;gdk_draw_rectangle (da->window, gc, TRUE,i, j, CHECK_SIZE, CHECK_SIZE);j += CHECK_SIZE + SPACING;++ycount;}i += CHECK_SIZE + SPACING;++xcount;}g_object_unref (G_OBJECT (gc1));g_object_unref (G_OBJECT (gc2));return TRUE;
}
void writeTXT( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data )
{FILE *fp=fopen(FN,"w");fprintf(fp,"rongtao\n");fclose(fp);g_print ("Write txt done.\n ");gtk_main_quit ();
}
int main (int argc,char* argv[])
{GtkWidget *frame;GtkWidget *vbox;GtkWidget *da;GtkWidget *label;GtkWidget *button;gtk_init(&argc,&argv);window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "绘图软件");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT(window), "delete_event",G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL);gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10);vbox = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 8);gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (vbox), 8);gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), vbox);label = gtk_label_new (NULL);gtk_label_set_markup (GTK_LABEL (label),"<u>绘图区域</u>");gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), label, FALSE, FALSE, 0);frame = gtk_frame_new (NULL);gtk_frame_set_shadow_type (GTK_FRAME (frame), GTK_SHADOW_IN);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), frame, TRUE, TRUE, 0);da = gtk_drawing_area_new ();gtk_widget_set_size_request (da, nx, nz);gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), da);g_signal_connect (da, "expose_event",G_CALLBACK (scribble_expose_event), NULL);g_signal_connect (da, "configure_event",G_CALLBACK (scribble_configure_event), NULL);g_signal_connect (da, "motion_notify_event",G_CALLBACK (scribble_motion_notify_event), NULL);g_signal_connect (da, "button_press_event",G_CALLBACK (scribble_button_press_event), NULL);gtk_widget_set_events (da, gtk_widget_get_events (da)| GDK_LEAVE_NOTIFY_MASK| GDK_BUTTON_PRESS_MASK| GDK_POINTER_MOTION_MASK| GDK_POINTER_MOTION_HINT_MASK);button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Hello");g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (writeTXT), NULL);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX(vbox), button, TRUE, TRUE, 0);gtk_widget_show_all (window);gtk_main();return FALSE;
}代码2
#include <gtk/gtk.h>static GdkPixmap *pixmap = NULL;
GdkGC *my_gc_red;
GdkColor color;int my_configure_event(GtkWidget *widget , GdkEventConfigure *event)
{if(pixmap)g_object_unref(pixmap);pixmap = gdk_pixmap_new(widget->window , widget->allocation.width , widget->allocation.height , -1);gdk_draw_rectangle(pixmap , widget->style->white_gc , TRUE , 0 , 0 , widget->allocation.width , widget->allocation.height);my_gc_red = gdk_gc_new(widget->window);color.red = 30000;color.green = 0;color.blue = 30000;gdk_gc_set_rgb_fg_color(my_gc_red , &color); return 0;
}int my_expose_event(GtkWidget *widget , GdkEventExpose *event , gpointer data)
{gdk_draw_drawable(widget->window , widget->style->fg_gc[GTK_WIDGET_STATE(widget)] ,pixmap , 0 , 0 , 0 , 0 , widget->allocation.width , widget->allocation.height); return 0;
}int my_draw(GtkWidget *widget , double x , double y , int type)
{switch(type){case 1:gdk_draw_rectangle(pixmap , widget->style->black_gc , FALSE , x , y , 10 , 10);gtk_widget_queue_draw_area(widget , x , y , 10 , 10);break;case 2:gdk_draw_rectangle(pixmap , my_gc_red , TRUE , x , y , 15 , 15);gtk_widget_queue_draw_area(widget , x , y , 15 , 15);break;case 3:gdk_draw_line(pixmap , my_gc_red , x , y , x + 15 , y - 15);gtk_widget_queue_draw_area(widget , x , y - 15 , 15 , 15);break;default:printf("....\n");break;}return 0;
}
int my_button_press_event(GtkWidget *widget , GdkEventButton *event)
{my_draw(widget , event->x , event->y , event->button); printf("x=%lf y=%lf\n" , event->x , event->y);return 0;
}
int my_clear(GtkWidget *widget , GtkWidget *area)
{gdk_draw_rectangle(pixmap , area->style->white_gc , TRUE , 0 , 0 , area->allocation.width , area->allocation.height);gtk_widget_queue_draw(area);return 0;
}
int my_quit(GtkWidget *widget , gpointer data)
{gtk_main_quit();return 0;
}int main(int argc , char *argv[])
{GtkWidget *window;GtkWidget *drawing_area;GtkWidget *vbox;GtkWidget *bt_clear;GtkWidget *bt_quit;gtk_init(&argc , &argv);window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);gtk_widget_set_name(window , "Test drawing_area");gtk_widget_set_size_request(window , 300 , 200);gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window) , 2);gtk_window_set_resizable(GTK_WINDOW(window) , FALSE);vbox = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE , 0);gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window) , vbox);gtk_widget_show(vbox);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window) , "destroy" , G_CALLBACK(my_quit) , NULL);drawing_area = gtk_drawing_area_new();gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox) , drawing_area , TRUE , TRUE , 0);gtk_widget_show(drawing_area);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(drawing_area) , "configure_event" , G_CALLBACK(my_configure_event) , NULL);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(drawing_area) , "expose_event" , G_CALLBACK(my_expose_event) , NULL);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(drawing_area) , "button_press_event" , G_CALLBACK(my_button_press_event) , NULL);gtk_widget_set_events(drawing_area , GDK_BUTTON_PRESS_MASK);bt_clear = gtk_button_new_with_label("clear");gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox) , bt_clear , FALSE , FALSE , 0);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(bt_clear) , "clicked" , G_CALLBACK(my_clear) , drawing_area);gtk_widget_show(bt_clear);bt_quit = gtk_button_new_with_label("quit");gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox) , bt_quit , FALSE , FALSE , 0);g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(bt_quit) , "clicked" , G_CALLBACK(my_quit) , window);gtk_widget_show(bt_quit);gtk_widget_show(window);gtk_main();return 0;
}
代码3
/* GTK - The GIMP Toolkit
* Copyright (C) 1995-1997 Peter Mattis, Spencer Kimball and Josh MacDonald
*
* This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
* modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
* License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
* version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
*
* This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
* Lesser General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
* License along with this library; if not, write to the
* Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
* Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
*/
/*
* Modified by the GTK+ Team and others 1997-2000. See the AUTHORS
* file for a list of people on the GTK+ Team. See the ChangeLog
* files for a list of changes. These files are distributed with
* GTK+ at ftp://ftp.gtk.org/pub/gtk/.
*/
//#include <config.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include "gtk/gtk.h"
/* Backing pixmap for drawing area */
static GdkPixmap *pixmap = NULL;
/* Information about cursor */
static gint cursor_proximity = TRUE;
static gdouble cursor_x;
static gdouble cursor_y;
/* Unique ID of current device */
static GdkDevice *current_device;
/* Erase the old cursor, and/or draw a new one, if necessary */
static void
update_cursor (GtkWidget *widget, gdouble x, gdouble y)
{static gint cursor_present = 0;gint state = !current_device->has_cursor && cursor_proximity;if (pixmap != NULL){if (cursor_present && (cursor_present != state ||x != cursor_x || y != cursor_y))
{gdk_draw_drawable (widget->window,widget->style->fg_gc[GTK_WIDGET_STATE (widget)],pixmap,cursor_x - 5, cursor_y - 5,cursor_x - 5, cursor_y - 5,10, 10);
}cursor_present = state;cursor_x = x;cursor_y = y;if (cursor_present)
{gdk_draw_rectangle (widget->window,widget->style->black_gc,TRUE,cursor_x - 5, cursor_y -5,10, 10);
}}
}
/* Create a new backing pixmap of the appropriate size */
static gint
configure_event (GtkWidget *widget, GdkEventConfigure *event)
{if (pixmap)g_object_unref (pixmap);pixmap = gdk_pixmap_new(widget->window,widget->allocation.width,widget->allocation.height,-1);gdk_draw_rectangle (pixmap,widget->style->white_gc,TRUE,0, 0,widget->allocation.width,widget->allocation.height);return TRUE;
}
/* Refill the screen from the backing pixmap */
static gint
expose_event (GtkWidget *widget, GdkEventExpose *event)
{gdk_draw_drawable (widget->window,widget->style->fg_gc[GTK_WIDGET_STATE (widget)],pixmap,event->area.x, event->area.y,event->area.x, event->area.y,event->area.width, event->area.height);return FALSE;
}
/* Draw a rectangle on the screen, size depending on pressure,and color on the type of device */
static void
draw_brush (GtkWidget *widget, GdkInputSource source,gdouble x, gdouble y, gdouble pressure)
{GdkGC *gc;GdkRectangle update_rect;switch (source){case GDK_SOURCE_MOUSE:gc = widget->style->dark_gc[GTK_WIDGET_STATE (widget)];break;case GDK_SOURCE_PEN:gc = widget->style->black_gc;break;case GDK_SOURCE_ERASER:gc = widget->style->white_gc;break;default:gc = widget->style->light_gc[GTK_WIDGET_STATE (widget)];}update_rect.x = x - 10 * pressure;update_rect.y = y - 10 * pressure;update_rect.width = 20 * pressure;update_rect.height = 20 * pressure;gdk_draw_rectangle (pixmap, gc, TRUE,update_rect.x, update_rect.y,update_rect.width, update_rect.height);gtk_widget_queue_draw_area (widget,update_rect.x, update_rect.y,update_rect.width, update_rect.height);gdk_window_process_updates (widget->window, TRUE);
}
static guint32 motion_time;
static void
print_axes (GdkDevice *device, gdouble *axes)
{int i;if (axes){g_print ("%s ", device->name);for (i=0; i<device->num_axes; i++)g_print ("%g ", axes[i]);g_print ("\n");}
}
static gint
button_press_event (GtkWidget *widget, GdkEventButton *event)
{current_device = event->device;cursor_proximity = TRUE;if (event->button == 1 && pixmap != NULL){gdouble pressure = 0.5;print_axes (event->device, event->axes);gdk_event_get_axis ((GdkEvent *)event, GDK_AXIS_PRESSURE, &pressure);draw_brush (widget, event->device->source, event->x, event->y, pressure);motion_time = event->time;}update_cursor (widget, event->x, event->y);return TRUE;
}
static gint
key_press_event (GtkWidget *widget, GdkEventKey *event)
{if ((event->keyval >= 0x20) && (event->keyval <= 0xFF))printf("I got a %c\n", event->keyval);elseprintf("I got some other key\n");return TRUE;
}
static gint
motion_notify_event (GtkWidget *widget, GdkEventMotion *event)
{GdkTimeCoord **events;int n_events;int i;current_device = event->device;cursor_proximity = TRUE;if (event->state & GDK_BUTTON1_MASK && pixmap != NULL){if (gdk_device_get_history (event->device, event->window, motion_time, event->time,&events, &n_events))
{for (i=0; i<n_events; i++){double x = 0, y = 0, pressure = 0.5;gdk_device_get_axis (event->device, events[i]->axes, GDK_AXIS_X, &x);gdk_device_get_axis (event->device, events[i]->axes, GDK_AXIS_Y, &y);gdk_device_get_axis (event->device, events[i]->axes, GDK_AXIS_PRESSURE, &pressure);draw_brush (widget, event->device->source, x, y, pressure);print_axes (event->device, events[i]->axes);}gdk_device_free_history (events, n_events);
}else
{double pressure = 0.5;gdk_event_get_axis ((GdkEvent *)event, GDK_AXIS_PRESSURE, &pressure);draw_brush (widget, event->device->source, event->x, event->y, pressure);
}motion_time = event->time;}if (event->is_hint)gdk_device_get_state (event->device, event->window, NULL, NULL);print_axes (event->device, event->axes);update_cursor (widget, event->x, event->y);return TRUE;
}
/* We track the next two events to know when we need to draw acursor */
static gint
proximity_out_event (GtkWidget *widget, GdkEventProximity *event)
{cursor_proximity = FALSE;update_cursor (widget, cursor_x, cursor_y);return TRUE;
}
static gint
leave_notify_event (GtkWidget *widget, GdkEventCrossing *event)
{cursor_proximity = FALSE;update_cursor (widget, cursor_x, cursor_y);return TRUE;
}
void
input_dialog_destroy (GtkWidget *w, gpointer data)
{*((GtkWidget **)data) = NULL;
}
void
create_input_dialog (void)
{static GtkWidget *inputd = NULL;if (!inputd){inputd = gtk_input_dialog_new ();g_signal_connect (inputd, "destroy",G_CALLBACK (input_dialog_destroy), &inputd);g_signal_connect_swapped (GTK_INPUT_DIALOG (inputd)->close_button,"clicked",G_CALLBACK (gtk_widget_hide),inputd);gtk_widget_hide (GTK_INPUT_DIALOG (inputd)->save_button);gtk_widget_show (inputd);}else{if (!GTK_WIDGET_MAPPED(inputd))gtk_widget_show(inputd);elsegdk_window_raise(inputd->window);}
}
void
quit (void)
{gtk_main_quit ();
}
int
main (int argc, char *argv[])
{GtkWidget *window;GtkWidget *drawing_area;GtkWidget *vbox;GtkWidget *button;gtk_init (&argc, &argv);current_device = gdk_device_get_core_pointer ();window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);gtk_widget_set_name (window, "Test Input");gtk_widget_set_size_request(window , 300 , 320);gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window) , 2);gtk_window_set_resizable(GTK_WINDOW(window) , FALSE);vbox = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 0);gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), vbox);gtk_widget_show (vbox);g_signal_connect (window, "destroy",G_CALLBACK (quit), NULL);/* Create the drawing area */drawing_area = gtk_drawing_area_new ();gtk_widget_set_size_request (drawing_area, 200, 200);gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), drawing_area, TRUE, TRUE, 0);gtk_widget_show (drawing_area);/* Signals used to handle backing pixmap */g_signal_connect (drawing_area, "expose_event",G_CALLBACK (expose_event), NULL);g_signal_connect (drawing_area, "configure_event",G_CALLBACK (configure_event), NULL);/* Event signals */g_signal_connect (drawing_area, "motion_notify_event",G_CALLBACK (motion_notify_event), NULL);g_signal_connect (drawing_area, "button_press_event",G_CALLBACK (button_press_event), NULL);g_signal_connect (drawing_area, "key_press_event",G_CALLBACK (key_press_event), NULL);g_signal_connect (drawing_area, "leave_notify_event",G_CALLBACK (leave_notify_event), NULL);g_signal_connect (drawing_area, "proximity_out_event",G_CALLBACK (proximity_out_event), NULL);gtk_widget_set_events (drawing_area, GDK_EXPOSURE_MASK| GDK_LEAVE_NOTIFY_MASK| GDK_BUTTON_PRESS_MASK| GDK_KEY_PRESS_MASK| GDK_POINTER_MOTION_MASK| GDK_POINTER_MOTION_HINT_MASK| GDK_PROXIMITY_OUT_MASK);/* The following call enables tracking and processing of extensionevents for the drawing area */gtk_widget_set_extension_events (drawing_area, GDK_EXTENSION_EVENTS_ALL);GTK_WIDGET_SET_FLAGS (drawing_area, GTK_CAN_FOCUS);gtk_widget_grab_focus (drawing_area);/* .. And create some buttons */button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Input Dialog");gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), button, FALSE, FALSE, 0);g_signal_connect (button, "clicked",G_CALLBACK (create_input_dialog), NULL);gtk_widget_show (button);button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Quit");gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), button, FALSE, FALSE, 0);g_signal_connect_swapped (button, "clicked",G_CALLBACK (gtk_widget_destroy),window);gtk_widget_show (button);gtk_widget_show (window);gtk_main ();return 0;
}最后寄语
希望在座各位在学习的道路上越走越远，完成从入门到放弃的质的转变。
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