图解opengl 3D 图形绘制实例
2024-04-17 01:30:31
VC6 下载
http://blog.csdn.net/bcbobo21cn/article/details/44200205
opengl环境配置
http://blog.csdn.net/bcbobo21cn/article/details/51044614#t4
以下的demo工程
http://pan.baidu.com/s/1pLgmScj
一 3D旋转物体
码码：
//在窗口和全屏模式下切换，按ESC退出。#include <Windows.h> //Windows的头文件
#include <gl/glut.h> //包含OpenGL实用库HGLRC hRC=NULL; //窗口着色描述表句柄
HDC hDC=NULL;//OpenGL渲染描述表句柄
HWND hWnd=NULL; //保存窗口句柄
HINSTANCE hInstance; //保存程序实例bool keys[256];//保存键盘按键的数组
bool active=TRUE;//窗口的活动标志，缺省为TRUE
bool fullscreen=TRUE; //全屏标志缺省，缺省设定成全屏模式GLfloat rtri;//用于三角形的角度
GLfloat rquad;//用于四边形的角度LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND,UINT,WPARAM,LPARAM);//WndProc的定义//重置OpenGL窗口大小
GLvoid ResizeGLScene(GLsizei width,GLsizei height)
{
if (height == 0) //防止被零除
{
height =1;//将height设为1
}glViewport(0,0,width,height);//重置当前的视口
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);//旋转投影矩阵
glLoadIdentity();//重置投影矩阵//设置视口的大小
gluPerspective(45.0f,(GLfloat)width/(GLfloat)height,0.1f,100.0f);glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);//选择模型观察矩阵
glLoadIdentity();//重置模型观察矩阵
}int InitGL(GLvoid)//对OpenGL进行设置
{
glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH);//启用阴影平滑
glClearColor(0.0f,0.0f,0.0f,0.0f);//黑色背景
glClearDepth(1.0f);//设置深度缓存
glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);//启用深度测试
glDepthFunc(GL_LEQUAL);//所作深度测试的类型
glHint(GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT,GL_NICEST);//告诉系统对透视进行修正return TRUE;
}//进行绘制
int DrawGLScene(GLvoid)
{
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);//清除屏幕和深度缓存
glLoadIdentity();//重置当前的模型观察矩阵
glTranslatef(-1.5f,0.0f,-6.0f);//左移1.5单位，并移入屏幕6.0glRotatef(rtri,0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);//绕Y轴旋转金字塔
glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES); //绘制金字塔各面glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f);//设置当前色为红色
glVertex3f(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);//上顶点(前侧面)
glColor3f(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);//设置当前色为绿色
glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f,1.0f);//左下(前侧面)
glColor3f(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f);//设置当前色为蓝色
glVertex3f(1.0f,-1.0f,1.0f);//右下(前侧面)glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f);//设置当前色为红色
glVertex3f(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);//上顶点(右侧面)
glColor3f(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);//设置当前色为绿色
glVertex3f(1.0f,-1.0f,1.0f);//左下(右侧面)
glColor3f(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f);//设置当前色为蓝色
glVertex3f(1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);//右下(右侧面)glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f);//设置当前色为红色
glVertex3f(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);//上顶点(后侧面)
glColor3f(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);//设置当前色为绿色
glVertex3f(1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);//左下(后侧面)
glColor3f(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f);//设置当前色为蓝色
glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);//右下(后侧面)glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f);//设置当前色为红色
glVertex3f(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);//上顶点(左侧面)
glColor3f(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);//设置当前色为绿色
glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);//左下(左侧面)
glColor3f(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f);//设置当前色为蓝色
glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f,1.0f);//右下(左侧面)glEnd();//三角形绘制结束glLoadIdentity();//重置模型观察矩阵
glTranslatef(1.5f,0.0f,-7.0f);//先右移再移入屏幕
glRotatef(rquad,1.0f,1.0f,1.0f);//绕XYZ轴旋转立方体glBegin(GL_QUADS); //绘制正方形
glColor3f(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);//将当前色设置为绿色
//顶面
glVertex3f(1.0f,1.0f,-1.0f);//右上
glVertex3f(-1.0f,1.0f,-1.0f);//左上
glVertex3f(-1.0f,1.0f,1.0f);//左下
glVertex3f(1.0f,1.0f,1.0f);//右下//橙色
glColor3f(1.0f,0.5f,0.0f);//底面
glVertex3f(1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);//右上
glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);//左上
glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f,1.0f);//左下
glVertex3f(1.0f,-1.0f,1.0f);//右下//红色
glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f);
//前面
glVertex3f(1.0f,1.0f,1.0f);//右上
glVertex3f(-1.0f,1.0f,1.0f);//左上
glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f,1.0f);//左下
glVertex3f(1.0f,-1.0f,1.0f);//右下//黄色
glColor3f(1.0f,1.0f,0.0f);
//后面
glVertex3f(1.0f,1.0f,-1.0f);//右上
glVertex3f(-1.0f,1.0f,-1.0f);//左上
glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);//左下
glVertex3f(1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);//右下//蓝色
glColor3f(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f);
//左面
glVertex3f(-1.0f,1.0f,1.0f);//右上
glVertex3f(-1.0f,1.0f,-1.0f);//左上
glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);//左下
glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f,1.0f);//右下//紫罗兰色
glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,1.0f);
//右面
glVertex3f(1.0f,1.0f,1.0f);//右上
glVertex3f(1.0f,1.0f,-1.0f);//左上
glVertex3f(1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);//左下
glVertex3f(1.0f,-1.0f,1.0f);//右下glEnd();//<控制旋转速度>
rtri +=0.02f; //增加三角形的旋转变量
rquad -=0.015f; //减少四边形的旋转变量return TRUE;
}GLvoid KillGLWindow(GLvoid)//正常销毁窗口
{
if(fullscreen)//是否处于全屏模式
{
ChangeDisplaySettings(NULL,0); //是的话，切换回桌面
ShowCursor(TRUE);//显示鼠标指针
}if(hRC)//是否拥有OpenGL渲染描述表
{
if(!wglMakeCurrent(NULL,NULL)) //能否是否DC和RC描述表
{
MessageBox(NULL,"释放DC或RC失败。","关闭错误",MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION );
}if(!wglDeleteContext(hRC)) //能否删除RC
{
MessageBox(NULL,"释放RC失败。","关闭错误",MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION );
}hRC = NULL;
}if(hDC && !ReleaseDC(hWnd,hDC)) //能否释放DC
{
MessageBox(NULL,"释放DC失败。","关闭错误",MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION );
hDC = NULL;
}if(hWnd && !DestroyWindow(hWnd)) //能否销毁窗口
{
MessageBox(NULL,"释放窗口句柄失败。","关闭错误",MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION );
hWnd = NULL;
}if(!UnregisterClass("OpenGL",hInstance)) //能否注销窗口类
{
MessageBox(NULL,"不能注销窗口类。","关闭错误",MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION );
hInstance = NULL;
}
}BOOL CreateGLWindow(char * title,int width,int height,int bits,bool fullscreenflag)
{
GLuint PixelFormat;//保存查找匹配的结果
WNDCLASS wc;//窗口类结构
DWORD dwExStyle; //扩展窗口风格
DWORD dwStyle;//窗口风格
RECT WindowRect;//取得矩形的左上角和右下角的坐标值
WindowRect.left=(long)0;//将Left设为0
WindowRect.right=(long)width;//将Right设为要求的宽度
WindowRect.top=(long)0;
WindowRect.bottom=(long)height;fullscreen = fullscreenflag;//设置全局全屏标志hInstance = GetModuleHandle(NULL);//取得窗口的实例
wc.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW | CS_OWNDC;//移动时重画，并为窗口取得DC
wc.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;//WndProc处理消息
wc.cbClsExtra = 0;//无额外窗口数据Specifies the number of extra bytes to allocate following the window-class structure.
wc.cbWndExtra = 0; //无额外窗口数据Specifies the number of extra bytes to allocate following the window instance.
wc.hInstance = hInstance;//设置实例
wc.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL,IDI_WINLOGO);//装入缺省图标
wc.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL,IDC_ARROW);//装入鼠标指针
wc.hbrBackground = NULL; //GL不需要背景
wc.lpszMenuName = NULL ; //不需要菜单
wc.lpszClassName = "OpenGL"; //设定类名字if(!RegisterClass(&wc)) //尝试注册窗口类
{
MessageBox(NULL,"注册窗口失败","错误",MB_OK | MB_ICONEXCLAMATION);
return FALSE;
}if(fullscreen)
{
DEVMODE dmScreenSettings; //设备模式
memset(&dmScreenSettings,0,sizeof(dmScreenSettings));//确保内存清空为零
dmScreenSettings.dmSize=sizeof(dmScreenSettings);//Devmode结构的大小
dmScreenSettings.dmPelsWidth = width;//所选屏幕宽度
dmScreenSettings.dmPelsHeight = height;//所选屏幕高度
dmScreenSettings.dmBitsPerPel = bits; //每像素所选的色彩浓度
dmScreenSettings.dmFields = DM_BITSPERPEL | DM_PELSWIDTH | DM_PELSHEIGHT;//尝试设置显示模式并返回结果。注：CDS_FULLSCREEN移去了状态条。
if(ChangeDisplaySettings(&dmScreenSettings,CDS_FULLSCREEN)!=DISP_CHANGE_SUCCESSFUL)
{
//若模式失败，提供两个选项：退出或在窗口内运行。
if(MessageBox(NULL,"全屏模式在当前显卡上设置失败!\n使用窗口模式?",
"提示",MB_YESNO | MB_ICONEXCLAMATION) == IDYES)
{
fullscreen = FALSE;//选择窗口模式
}
else
{
//弹出一个对话框，告诉用户程序结束
MessageBox(NULL,"程序将被关闭","错误",MB_OK | MB_ICONSTOP);
return FALSE;
}
}
}if(fullscreen)
{
dwExStyle = WS_EX_APPWINDOW; //扩展窗体风格
dwStyle = WS_POPUP; //窗体风格
ShowCursor(FALSE); //隐藏鼠标指针
}
else
{
dwExStyle = WS_EX_APPWINDOW | WS_EX_WINDOWEDGE;//扩展窗体风格
dwStyle = WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW; //窗体风格
}AdjustWindowRectEx(&WindowRect,dwStyle,FALSE,dwExStyle);//调整窗口达到真正要求的大小//窗体自适应各种分辨率以居中方式显示
LONG nX, nY;nX = (::GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXSCREEN) - width) / 2;
nY = (::GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYSCREEN) - height) / 2;if(!(hWnd = CreateWindowEx(dwExStyle, //扩展窗体风格
"OpenGL", //类名字
title, //窗口标题
WS_CLIPSIBLINGS | WS_CLIPCHILDREN| //必须的窗体风格属性
dwStyle, //选择的窗体属性
nX,nY, //窗口位置
WindowRect.right - WindowRect.left, //计算调整好的窗口宽度
WindowRect.bottom - WindowRect.top, //计算调整好的窗体高度
NULL, //无父窗口
NULL, //无菜单
hInstance, //实例
NULL))) //不向WM_CREATE传递任何东西
{
KillGLWindow();//重置显示区
MessageBox(NULL,"不能创建一个窗口设备描述表","错误",MB_OK | MB_ICONEXCLAMATION);
return FALSE;
}static PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR pfd = //pdf告诉窗口希望的东西，即窗口使用的像素格式
{
sizeof(PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR), //上述格式描述符的大小
1, //版本号
PFD_DRAW_TO_WINDOW | //格式支持窗口
PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL | //格式支持OpenGL
PFD_DOUBLEBUFFER, //支持双缓冲
PFD_TYPE_RGBA, //申请RGBA格式
bits, //选定色彩深度
0,0,0,0,0,0, //忽略的色彩位
0, //无Alpha缓存
0, //忽略Shift Bit
0, //无累加缓存
0,0,0,0, //忽略聚集位
16, //16位Z-缓存(深度缓存)
0, //无蒙板缓存
0, //无辅助缓存
PFD_MAIN_PLANE, //主绘图层
0, //Reserved
0,0,0 //忽略层遮罩
};if(!(hDC = GetDC(hWnd))) //是否取得设备描述表
{
KillGLWindow();//重置显示区
MessageBox(NULL,"不能创建一种相匹配的像素格式","错误",MB_OK | MB_ICONEXCLAMATION);
return FALSE;
}if(!(PixelFormat = ChoosePixelFormat(hDC,&pfd))) //Windows是否找到相应的像素格式
{
KillGLWindow();//重置显示区
MessageBox(NULL,"不能设置像素格式","错误",MB_OK | MB_ICONEXCLAMATION);
return FALSE;
}if(!SetPixelFormat(hDC,PixelFormat,&pfd)) //是否能够设置像素格式
{
KillGLWindow();//重置显示区
MessageBox(NULL,"不能设置像素格式","错误",MB_OK | MB_ICONEXCLAMATION);
return FALSE;
}if (!(hRC = wglCreateContext(hDC))) //能否取得着色描述表
{
KillGLWindow();//重置显示区
MessageBox(NULL,"不能创建OpenGL渲染描述表","错误",MB_OK | MB_ICONEXCLAMATION);
return FALSE;
}if(!wglMakeCurrent(hDC,hRC)) //尝试激活着色描述表
{
KillGLWindow();
MessageBox(NULL,"不能激活当前的OpenGL渲染描述表","错误",MB_OK | MB_ICONEXCLAMATION);
return FALSE;
}ShowWindow(hWnd,SW_SHOW);//显示窗口
SetForegroundWindow(hWnd);//提供优先级别
SetFocus(hWnd);//设置键盘的焦点至此窗口
ResizeGLScene(width,height);//设置透视GL屏幕if (!InitGL()) //初始化新建的GL窗口
{
KillGLWindow();
MessageBox(NULL,"Initialization","ERROR",MB_OK | MB_ICONEXCLAMATION);
return FALSE;
}return TRUE;
}//处理所有的窗口消息
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd,//窗口的句柄
UINT uMsg,//窗口的消息
WPARAM wParam,//附加的消息内容
LPARAM lParam) //附加的消息内容
{
switch(uMsg) //检查检查Windows消息
{
case WM_ACTIVATE: //监视窗口激活消息
{
if(!HIWORD(wParam)) //检查最小化状态
{
active = TRUE; //程序处于激活状态
}
else
{
active = FALSE;//程序不再激活
}return 0;//返回消息循环
}case WM_SYSCOMMAND: //系统中断命令
{
switch(wParam) //检查系统调用
{
case SC_SCREENSAVE: //屏保运行
case SC_MONITORPOWER: //显示器进入节电模式
return 0; //阻止发生
}
break; //退出
}
case WM_CLOSE: //收到Close消息
{
PostQuitMessage(0);//发出退出消息
return 0;
}
case WM_KEYDOWN: //有键按下
{
keys[wParam] = TRUE;
return 0;
}
case WM_KEYUP: //有键放开
{
keys[wParam] = FALSE;
return 0;
}
case WM_SIZE: //调整OpenGL窗口大小
{
ResizeGLScene(LOWORD(lParam),HIWORD(lParam));//LOWORD=width,HIWORD=height
return 0;
}
}//向DefWindowProc传递所有未处理的消息
return DefWindowProc(hWnd,uMsg,wParam,lParam);
}//Windows程序的入口，调用窗口创建例程，处理窗口消息，并监视人机交互。
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,//当前窗口实例HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, //前一个窗口实例LPSTR lpCmdLine, //命令行参数int nCmdShow) //窗口显示状态
{
MSG msg;//Windows消息结构
BOOL done=FALSE;//用来退出循环的BOOL变量
//提示用户选择运行模式
if (MessageBox(NULL,"你想在全屏模式下运行么？","设置全屏模式",MB_YESNO | MB_ICONQUESTION) == IDNO)
{
fullscreen = FALSE; //设置为窗口模式
}//创建OpenGL窗口
if(!CreateGLWindow("OpenGL 3D 旋转物体",640,480,16,fullscreen))
{
return 0; //失败退出
}while(!done)
{
if (PeekMessage(&msg,NULL,0,0,PM_REMOVE)) //是否有消息在等待
{
if(msg.message == WM_QUIT) //收到退出消息
{
done = TRUE;
}
else //处理窗口消息
{
TranslateMessage(&msg); //翻译消息
DispatchMessage(&msg); //发送消息
}
}
else //如果没有消息
{
//绘制场景。监视ESC键和来自DrawGLScene()的退出消息
if(active)
{
if(keys[VK_ESCAPE])
{
done = TRUE;
}
else //没有退出，刷新屏幕
{
DrawGLScene();//绘制场景
SwapBuffers(hDC);//交换缓存(双缓存)
}
}
if(keys[VK_F1])
{
keys[VK_F1]=FALSE;
KillGLWindow();
fullscreen = !fullscreen;//切换全屏/窗口模式
//重建OpenGL窗口
if(!CreateGLWindow("3D旋转实例",640,480,16,fullscreen))
{
return 0;
}
}
}
}//关闭程序
KillGLWindow(); //销毁窗口
return (msg.wParam); //退出程序
}效果：
代码比较长；用notepad++折叠起来看下函数；
二 3D机器人
代码：
#include <gl/glut.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>#define SOLID 1
#define WIRE 2int moveX,moveY;
int spinX = 0;
int spinY = 0;
int des = 0;void init() {//定义光源的颜色和位置GLfloat ambient[] = { 0.5, 0.8, 0.1, 0.1 }; GLfloat diffuse[] = { 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0 }; GLfloat position[] = { -80.0, 50.0, 25.0, 1.0 }; //选择光照模型GLfloat lmodel_ambient[] = { 0.4, 0.4, 0.4, 1.0 }; GLfloat local_view[] = { 0.0 }; glClearColor(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0); glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH); //设置环境光glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_AMBIENT, ambient); //设置漫射光glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_DIFFUSE, diffuse); //设置光源位置glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_POSITION, position); glLightModelfv(GL_LIGHT_MODEL_AMBIENT, lmodel_ambient); glLightModelfv(GL_LIGHT_MODEL_LOCAL_VIEWER, local_view); //启动光照glEnable(GL_LIGHTING); //启用光源glEnable(GL_LIGHT0);
}//画球
void drawBall(double R, double x, double y,double z, int MODE) {glPushMatrix();glTranslated(x,y,z);if (MODE == SOLID) {glutSolidSphere(R,20,20);} else if (MODE ==WIRE) {glutWireSphere(R,20,20);}glPopMatrix();
}//画半球
void drawHalfBall(double R, double x, double y,double z, int MODE) {glPushMatrix();glTranslated(x,y,z);GLdouble eqn[4]={0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0};glClipPlane(GL_CLIP_PLANE0,eqn);glEnable(GL_CLIP_PLANE0);if (MODE == SOLID) {glutSolidSphere(R,20,20);} else if (MODE ==WIRE) {glutWireSphere(R,20,20);}glDisable(GL_CLIP_PLANE0);glPopMatrix();
}//画长方体
void drawSkewed(double l, double w, double h, double x, double y, double z, int MODE) {glPushMatrix();glScaled(l, w, h);glTranslated(x, y, z);if (MODE == SOLID) {glutSolidCube(1);} else if (MODE ==WIRE) {glutWireCube(1);}glPopMatrix();
}void display(void) {//清除缓冲区颜色glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);//定义白色glColor3f(1.0, 1.0, 1.0); //圆点放坐标中心glLoadIdentity(); //从哪个地方看gluLookAt(-2.0, -1.0, 20.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0); glPushMatrix();glRotated(spinX, 0, 1, 0);glRotated(spinY, 1, 0, 0);glTranslated(0, 0, des);//头drawBall(2, 0, 1, 0, SOLID);//身体drawSkewed(5, 4.4, 4, 0, -0.75, 0, SOLID);//肩膀drawHalfBall(1, 3.5, -2.1, 0, SOLID);drawHalfBall(1, -3.5, -2.1, 0, SOLID);//胳膊drawSkewed(1, 3, 1, 3.5, -1.3, 0, SOLID);drawSkewed(1, 3, 1, -3.5, -1.3, 0, SOLID);//手drawBall(1, 3.5, -6.4, 0, SOLID);drawBall(1, -3.5, -6.4, 0, SOLID);//腿drawSkewed(1.2, 3, 2, 1, -2.4, 0, SOLID);drawSkewed(1.2, 3, 2, -1, -2.4, 0, SOLID);//脚drawSkewed(1.5, 1, 3, 0.9, -9.2, 0, SOLID);drawSkewed(1.5, 1, 3, -0.9, -9.2, 0, SOLID);glPopMatrix();glutSwapBuffers();
}
//鼠标点击事件
void mouseClick(int btn, int state, int x, int y) {moveX = x;moveY = y;GLfloat ambient[] = { (float)rand() / RAND_MAX, (float)rand() / RAND_MAX, (float)rand() / RAND_MAX, 0.1 }; //设置环境光glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_AMBIENT, ambient); //启用光源glEnable(GL_LIGHT0);
}//键盘事件
void keyPressed(unsigned char key, int x, int y) {switch (key) {case 'a':spinX -= 2;break;case 'd':spinX += 2; break;case 'w':des += 2;break;case 's':des -= 2;break;}glutPostRedisplay();
}
// 鼠标移动事件
void mouseMove(int x, int y) {int dx = x - moveX;int dy = y - moveY;printf("dx;%dx,dy:%dy\n",dx,dy);spinX += dx;spinY += dy;glutPostRedisplay();moveX = x;moveY = y;
}void reshape(int w, int h) {//定义视口大小glViewport(0, 0, (GLsizei) w, (GLsizei) h); //投影显示glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);//坐标原点在屏幕中心glLoadIdentity();//操作模型视景gluPerspective(60.0, (GLfloat) w/(GLfloat) h, 1.0, 20.0);glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
}int main(int argc, char** argv) {//初始化glutInit(&argc, argv);//设置显示模式glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_RGB);//初始化窗口大小glutInitWindowSize(500, 500); //定义左上角窗口位置glutInitWindowPosition(100, 100);//创建窗口glutCreateWindow(argv[0]);//初始化init();//显示函数glutDisplayFunc(display);//窗口大小改变时的响应glutReshapeFunc(reshape);//鼠标点击事件，鼠标点击或者松开时调用glutMouseFunc(mouseClick);//鼠标移动事件，鼠标按下并移动时调用glutMotionFunc(mouseMove);//键盘事件glutKeyboardFunc(keyPressed);//循环glutMainLoop();return 0;
}效果;
折叠其代码来看下函数；
三 绘制立方体
代码：
#include <gl/glut.h> //引用相关包void display(void)
{glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); //清空颜色缓冲区glColor3f(0,1,1); //重置颜色glLoadIdentity(); //清空矩阵glTranslatef(0,0,-5); //将场景中的物体沿z轴负方向移动5个单位长glRotatef(40,0,1,0);//gluLookAt(0,0,5,0,0,0,0,2,0); //视点变换glScalef(1,2,1); //模型变换glutWireCube(1.2); //绘制实心立方体和线框立方体glFlush(); //刷新窗口以显示当前绘制图形
}
void init(void)
{glClearColor(0,0,0,0);glShadeModel(GL_FLAT); //选择平面明暗模式或光滑明暗模式
}void reshape(int w,int h)
{glViewport(0,0,(GLsizei)w,(GLsizei)h); //设置机口glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); //指定哪一个矩阵是当前矩阵glLoadIdentity();gluPerspective(60,1,1.5,20); //创建透视投影矩阵(fovy,aspect,zNear,zFar);//glFrustum(-1,1,-1,1,1.5,20.0); //用透视矩阵乘以当前矩阵(left,Right,bottom,top,near,far);glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{glutInit(&argc, argv); //固定格式glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_RGB | GLUT_SINGLE); //缓存模式glutInitWindowSize(400, 400); //显示框的大小glutInitWindowPosition(400,400); //确定显示框左上角的位置glutCreateWindow("绘制立方体");init();glutDisplayFunc(display);glutReshapeFunc(reshape);glutMainLoop(); //进人GLUT事件处理循环return 0;
}效果：
上述分别是
glutWireCube(1.2);
glutWireCube(2.0);
的效果；
四 绘制立方体二
代码：
#include<windows.h>
#include<math.h>#ifdef __APPLE__
#include <GLUT/glut.h>
#else
#include <GL/glut.h>
#endif#include <stdlib.h>void init(void)
{glClearColor(0.75,0.75,0.75,0.0);glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);//设置当前矩阵模式为视图模型矩阵glLoadIdentity();
//设置视点的位置，视线的方向和相机的向上方向gluLookAt(0,0,0, 0,0,-1, 0,1,0); //该设置为默认设置glScalef(0.3,1.0,0.5); //产生比例变换，分别设置物体在x，y，z方向上缩放因子，根据需要自己可以设置glRotatef(45,1.0,1.0,1.0);//产生旋转变换，让物体绕（1，1，1）轴旋转45度glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);//设置当前矩阵模式为投影矩阵glFrustum(-4,4,-4,4,0,20);设置场景投影时的可视范围
}//float points[8][3] = {{0,0,0},{0,0.5,0},{0.5,0,0},{0.5,0.5,0},{0,0,0.5},{0,0.5,0.5},{0.5,0,0.5},{0.5,0.5,0.5}};float points[8][3] = {{0,0,0},{0,0.75,0},{0.75,0,0},{0.75,0.75,0},{0,0,0.75},{0,0.75,0.75},{0.75,0,0.75},{0.75,0.75,0.75}};float colors[6][3] = {{0.25,0,0},{0.25,0.25,0.25},{0,0,0.25},{0.5,0.25,0},{0,0.25,0.25},{0.25,0,0.25}};void vertexArray(void)
{glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
// glColor 3f(1.0,1.0,0.0);//glPolygonMode(GL_FRONT, GL_LINE);// 设置多边形的显示模式为面填充模式，该设置也是默认设置glFrontFace(GL_CCW); //设置前面的面的模式为逆时针模式， 该设置也是默认设置//glShadeModel(GL_SHADE_MODEL);// 默认就是此参数，可忽略，为了明确说明特意指定void quad(GLint n1,GLint n2,GLint n3,GLint n4,GLint index);quad(6,2,3,7,1);quad(5,1,0,4,2);quad(7,3,1,5,3);quad(4,0,2,6,4);quad(2,0,1,3,5);quad(7,5,4,6,6);
glFlush();
}void quad(GLint n1,GLint n2,GLint n3,GLint n4,GLint index)
{glColor3f(0.0,1.0,0.0);glEnable(GL_POLYGON_OFFSET_FILL);glPolygonOffset(1.0,1.0);glDisable(GL_POLYGON_OFFSET_FILL);glColor3f(colors[index][0],colors[index][1],colors[index][2]);//glPolygonMode(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_LINE);//glPolygonMode(GL_FRONT, GL_LINE);glPolygonMode(GL_BACK, GL_LINE);//glColor3f(1.0,1.0,0);glBegin(GL_QUADS);glVertex3fv(points[n1]);glVertex3fv(points[n2]);glVertex3fv(points[n3]);glVertex3fv(points[n4]);glEnd();
}int main (int argc, char** argv)
{glutInit (&argc, argv); // Initialize GLUT.glutInitDisplayMode (GLUT_SINGLE | GLUT_RGB); // Set display mode.glutInitWindowPosition (50, 100); // Set top-left display-window position.glutInitWindowSize (600, 500); // Set display-window width and height.glutCreateWindow ("An Example OpenGL Program"); // Create display window.init(); // Execute initialization procedure.glutDisplayFunc (vertexArray); // Send graphics to display window.glutMainLoop ( );// Send graphics to display window. // Display everything and wait.return 0;
}效果：
五 任意两点间画圆柱体
#include <gl/glut.h>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cmath>
void init(void);
void reshape(int w,int h);
void display(void); void RenderBone(float x0, float y0, float z0, float x1, float y1, float z1 );
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{ glutInit(&argc, argv); glutInitDisplayMode (GLUT_SINGLE | GLUT_RGB | GLUT_DEPTH); glutInitWindowSize (500, 500); glutInitWindowPosition (100, 100); glutCreateWindow("Sphere"); init (); glutReshapeFunc(reshape); glutDisplayFunc(display); glutMainLoop(); return 0;
}
void init (void)
{ glClearColor (0.6, 0.6, 0.6, 0.0); glClearDepth(1); glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH); GLfloat _ambient[]={1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0}; //GLfloat _ambient[]={2.0,2.0,2.0,2.0}; GLfloat _diffuse[]={1.0,1.0,0.0,1.0}; GLfloat _specular[]={1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0}; GLfloat _position[]={300,300,300,0}; glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0,GL_AMBIENT,_ambient); glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0,GL_DIFFUSE,_diffuse); glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0,GL_SPECULAR,_specular); glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0,GL_POSITION,_position); glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D); glEnable(GL_LIGHTING); glEnable(GL_LIGHT0); glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); glHint(GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT, GL_NICEST);
}
void reshape(int w, int h)
{ glViewport (0, 0, (GLsizei) w, (GLsizei) h); glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); glLoadIdentity(); glOrtho(0.0, 500, 0.0, 500, -500, 500); glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); glLoadIdentity();
}
void display(void)
{ glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); glLoadIdentity(); glClear (GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT|GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); glPushMatrix(); { //RenderBone(100, 100, 100, 200, 300, 500); RenderBone(200, 200, 200, 300, 400, 600); } glPopMatrix(); glFlush(); glutPostRedisplay();
}
void RenderBone(float x0, float y0, float z0, float x1, float y1, float z1 )
{ GLdouble dir_x = x1 - x0; GLdouble dir_y = y1 - y0; GLdouble dir_z = z1 - z0; GLdouble bone_length = sqrt( dir_x*dir_x + dir_y*dir_y + dir_z*dir_z ); static GLUquadricObj * quad_obj = NULL; if ( quad_obj == NULL ) quad_obj = gluNewQuadric(); gluQuadricDrawStyle( quad_obj, GLU_FILL ); gluQuadricNormals( quad_obj, GLU_SMOOTH ); glPushMatrix(); // 平移到起始点 glTranslated( x0, y0, z0 ); // 计算长度 double length; length = sqrt( dir_x*dir_x + dir_y*dir_y + dir_z*dir_z ); if ( length < 0.0001 ) { dir_x = 0.0; dir_y = 0.0; dir_z = 1.0; length = 1.0; } dir_x /= length; dir_y /= length; dir_z /= length; GLdouble up_x, up_y, up_z; up_x = 0.0; up_y = 1.0; up_z = 0.0; double side_x, side_y, side_z; side_x = up_y * dir_z - up_z * dir_y; side_y = up_z * dir_x - up_x * dir_z; side_z = up_x * dir_y - up_y * dir_x; length = sqrt( side_x*side_x + side_y*side_y + side_z*side_z ); if ( length < 0.0001 ) { side_x = 1.0; side_y = 0.0; side_z = 0.0; length = 1.0; } side_x /= length; side_y /= length; side_z /= length; up_x = dir_y * side_z - dir_z * side_y; up_y = dir_z * side_x - dir_x * side_z; up_z = dir_x * side_y - dir_y * side_x; // 计算变换矩阵 GLdouble m[16] = { side_x, side_y, side_z, 0.0, up_x, up_y, up_z, 0.0, dir_x, dir_y, dir_z, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0 }; glMultMatrixd( m ); // 圆柱体参数 GLdouble radius= 25; // 半径 GLdouble slices = 8.0; // 段数 GLdouble stack = 3.0; // 递归次数 gluCylinder( quad_obj, radius, radius, bone_length, slices, stack ); glPopMatrix();
} 效果：
修改此句以改变半径；
GLdouble radius= 25; // 半径
六 球体
#include <windows.h>
#include <gl/GL.h>
#include <gl/glu.h>
#include <gl/glut.h>
#include <cstdlib>
const GLfloat lightPosition[] = {10.0,10.0,10.0,0.0};
const GLfloat whiteLight[] = {0.8,0.8,0.8,1.0};
GLfloat matSpecular [] = {0.3,0.3,0.3,1.0};
GLfloat matShininess [] = {20.0};
GLfloat matEmission [] = {0.3,0.3,0.3,1.0};
GLfloat spin = 0;
void init()
{ glClearColor(0.3,0.3,0.3,1.0); glClearDepth(1.0); glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH); glEnable(GL_LIGHTING); glEnable(GL_LIGHT0); glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); glLoadIdentity(); glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0,GL_POSITION,lightPosition); glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0,GL_DIFFUSE,whiteLight); glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0,GL_SPECULAR,whiteLight);
}
void display()
{ glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT|GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); glLoadIdentity();; glOrtho(-10.0,10.0,-10.0,10.0,-10.0,10.0); glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); glPushMatrix(); glRotatef(spin,0.0,1.0,0.0); glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT,GL_SPECULAR,matSpecular); glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT,GL_SHININESS,matShininess); glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT,GL_EMISSION,matEmission); //glutSolidSphere(6.0,16,16); glutSolidSphere(3.0,16,16); glPopMatrix(); glFlush();
}
void reshape(int w,int h)
{ glViewport(0.0,0.0,(GLsizei) w,(GLsizei) h);
}
void keyboardFunc(unsigned char key,int x,int y)
{ switch(key) { case 'a': spin +=30; break; case 'd': spin -=30; break; } if(spin<360) spin +=360; else if(spin>=360) spin -=360; glutPostRedisplay();
}
void mouseFunc(int button,int state,int x,int y)
{ if(state==GLUT_DOWN){ switch (button) { case GLUT_LEFT_BUTTON: matEmission[0]+=1.0; if(matEmission[0]>1.0) matEmission[0]-=1.1; break; case GLUT_MIDDLE_BUTTON: matEmission[1]+=1.0; if(matEmission[1]>1.0) matEmission[1]-=1.1; break; case GLUT_RIGHT_BUTTON: matEmission[2]+=1.0; if(matEmission[2]>1.0) matEmission[2]-=1.1; break; } glutPostRedisplay(); }
}
int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{ glutInit(&argc,argv); glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_SINGLE|GLUT_RGBA|GLUT_DEPTH); glutInitWindowSize(450,450); glutInitWindowPosition(150,150); glutCreateWindow("rotate sphere"); glutDisplayFunc(display); glutReshapeFunc(reshape); glutKeyboardFunc(keyboardFunc); glutMouseFunc(mouseFunc); init(); glutMainLoop(); return EXIT_SUCCESS;
} 效果：
上述分别是
//glutSolidSphere(6.0,16,16);
glutSolidSphere(3.0,16,16);
的效果；
七 球体，圆圈，茶壶......
#include <gl/glut.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <stdio.h>
//圆周率宏
#define GL_PI 3.1415f
//获取屏幕的宽度
GLint SCREEN_WIDTH=0;
GLint SCREEN_HEIGHT=0;
//设置程序的窗口大小
GLint windowWidth=400;
GLint windowHeight=300;
//绕x轴旋转角度
GLfloat xRotAngle=0.0f;
//绕y轴旋转角度
GLfloat yRotAngle=0.0f;
//受支持的点大小范围
GLfloat sizes[2];
//受支持的点大小增量
GLfloat step; enum MODELS{ SPHERE=0, CONE, CUBE, TORUS, DODECAHEDRON, TEAPOT, OCTAHEDRON, TETRAHEDRON, ICOSAHEDRON
};
GLint iModel=SPHERE;
GLboolean bWire=GL_TRUE;
//菜单回调函数
void processMenu(int value){ switch(value){ case 1: iModel=SPHERE; break; case 2: iModel=CONE; break; case 3: iModel=CUBE; break; case 4: iModel=TORUS; break; case 5: iModel=DODECAHEDRON; break; case 6: iModel=TEAPOT; break; case 7: iModel=OCTAHEDRON; break; case 8: iModel=TETRAHEDRON; break; case 9: iModel=ICOSAHEDRON; break; case 10: bWire=GL_TRUE; break; case 11: bWire=GL_FALSE; break; default: break; } //重新绘制 glutPostRedisplay();
}
//显示回调函数
void renderScreen(void){ //将窗口颜色清理为黑色 glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); //将模板缓冲区值全部清理为1 glClearStencil(1); //使能模板缓冲区 glEnable(GL_STENCIL_TEST); //把整个窗口清理为当前清理颜色：黑色。清除深度缓冲区、模板缓冲区 glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT|GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT|GL_STENCIL_BUFFER_BIT); //将当前Matrix状态入栈 glPushMatrix(); //坐标系绕x轴旋转xRotAngle glRotatef(xRotAngle,1.0f,0.0f,0.0f); //坐标系绕y轴旋转yRotAngle glRotatef(yRotAngle,0.0f,1.0f,0.0f); //进行平滑处理 glEnable(GL_POINT_SMOOTH); glHint(GL_POINT_SMOOTH,GL_NICEST); glEnable(GL_LINE_SMOOTH); glHint(GL_LINE_SMOOTH,GL_NICEST); glEnable(GL_POLYGON_SMOOTH); glHint(GL_POLYGON_SMOOTH,GL_NICEST); //白色绘制坐标系 glColor3f(1.0f,1.0f,1.0f); glBegin(GL_LINES); glVertex3f(-9.0f,0.0f,0.0f); glVertex3f(9.0f,0.0f,0.0f); glVertex3f(0.0f,-9.0f,0.0f); glVertex3f(0.0f,9.0f,0.0f); glVertex3f(0.0f,0.0f,-9.0f); glVertex3f(0.0f,0.0f,9.0f); glEnd(); glPushMatrix(); glTranslatef(9.0f,0.0f,0.0f); glRotatef(90.0f,0.0f,1.0f,0.0f); glutSolidCone(0.3,0.6,10,10); glPopMatrix(); glPushMatrix(); glTranslatef(0.0f,9.0f,0.0f); glRotatef(-90.0f,1.0f,0.0f,0.0f); glutSolidCone(0.3,0.6,10,10); glPopMatrix(); glPushMatrix(); glTranslatef(0.0f,0.0f,9.0f); glRotatef(90.0f,0.0f,0.0f,1.0f); glutSolidCone(0.3,0.6,10,10); glPopMatrix(); //设置绘画颜色为金色 glColor3f(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f); switch(iModel){ //球 case SPHERE: if(bWire){ glutWireSphere(8.0f,20,20); } else{ glutSolidSphere(8.0f,20,20); } break; //锥体 case CONE: if(bWire){ glutWireCone(4.0f,8.0f,20,20); } else{ glutSolidCone(4.0f,8.0f,20,20); } break; //立体 case CUBE: if(bWire){ glutWireCube(8.0f); } else{ glutSolidCube(8.0f); } break; //甜圈 case TORUS: if(bWire){ glutWireTorus(3.0f,6.0f,20,20); } else{ glutSolidTorus(3.0f,6.0f,20,20); } break; //十六面体，默认半径1.0 case DODECAHEDRON: glScalef(6.0f,6.0f,6.0f);//x,y,z轴均放大6倍 if(bWire){ glutWireDodecahedron(); } else{ glutSolidDodecahedron(); } break; //茶壶 case TEAPOT: if(bWire){ glutWireTeapot(8.0f); } else{ glutSolidTeapot(8.0f); } break; //八面体，默认半径1.0 case OCTAHEDRON: glScalef(6.0f,6.0f,6.0f);//x,y,z轴均放大6倍 if(bWire){ glutWireOctahedron(); } else{ glutSolidOctahedron(); } break; //四面体，默认半径1.0 case TETRAHEDRON: glScalef(6.0f,6.0f,6.0f);//x,y,z轴均放大6倍 if(bWire){ glutWireTetrahedron(); } else{ glutSolidTetrahedron(); } break; //二十面体，默认半径1.0 case ICOSAHEDRON: glScalef(6.0f,6.0f,6.0f);//x,y,z轴均放大6倍 if(bWire){ glutWireIcosahedron(); } else{ glutSolidIcosahedron(); } break; default: break; } //恢复压入栈的Matrix glPopMatrix(); //交换两个缓冲区的指针 glutSwapBuffers();
}
//设置Redering State
void setupRederingState(void){ //设置清理颜色为黑色 glClearColor(0.0f,0.0,0.0,1.0f); //设置绘画颜色为绿色 glColor3f(1.0f,1.0f,0.0f); //使能深度测试 glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); //获取受支持的点大小范围 glGetFloatv(GL_POINT_SIZE_RANGE,sizes); //获取受支持的点大小增量 glGetFloatv(GL_POINT_SIZE_GRANULARITY,&step); printf("point size range:%f-%f\n",sizes[0],sizes[1]); printf("point step:%f\n",step);
}
//窗口大小变化回调函数
void changSize(GLint w,GLint h){ //横宽比率 GLfloat ratio; //设置坐标系为x(-100.0f,100.0f)、y(-100.0f,100.0f)、z(-100.0f,100.0f) GLfloat coordinatesize=10.0f; //窗口宽高为零直接返回 if((w==0)||(h==0)) return; //设置视口和窗口大小一致 glViewport(0,0,w,h); //对投影矩阵应用随后的矩阵操作 glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); //重置当前指定的矩阵为单位矩阵 glLoadIdentity(); ratio=(GLfloat)w/(GLfloat)h; //正交投影 if(w<h) glOrtho(-coordinatesize,coordinatesize,-coordinatesize/ratio,coordinatesize/ratio,-coordinatesize,coordinatesize); else glOrtho(-coordinatesize*ratio,coordinatesize*ratio,-coordinatesize,coordinatesize,-coordinatesize,coordinatesize); //对模型视图矩阵堆栈应用随后的矩阵操作 glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); //重置当前指定的矩阵为单位矩阵 glLoadIdentity();
} //按键输入处理回调函数
void specialKey(int key,int x,int y){ if(key==GLUT_KEY_UP){ xRotAngle-=5.0f; } else if(key==GLUT_KEY_DOWN){ xRotAngle+=5.0f; } else if(key==GLUT_KEY_LEFT){ yRotAngle-=5.0f; } else if(key==GLUT_KEY_RIGHT){ yRotAngle+=5.0f; } //重新绘制 glutPostRedisplay();
} int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{ int nModelMenu; int nWireMenu; int nMainMenu; //初始化glut glutInit(&argc,argv); //使用双缓冲区、深度缓冲区、模板缓冲区 glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE|GLUT_RGBA|GLUT_DEPTH|GLUT_STENCIL); //获取系统的宽像素 SCREEN_WIDTH=glutGet(GLUT_SCREEN_WIDTH); //获取系统的高像素 SCREEN_HEIGHT=glutGet(GLUT_SCREEN_HEIGHT); //创建窗口，窗口名字为OpenGL Glut Demo glutCreateWindow("OpenGL Glut Demo"); //设置窗口大小 glutReshapeWindow(windowWidth,windowHeight); //窗口居中显示 glutPositionWindow((SCREEN_WIDTH-windowWidth)/2,(SCREEN_HEIGHT-windowHeight)/2); //创建二级菜单 nModelMenu=glutCreateMenu(processMenu); glutAddMenuEntry("Sphere",1); glutAddMenuEntry("Cone",2); glutAddMenuEntry("Cube",3); glutAddMenuEntry("Torus",4); glutAddMenuEntry("Dodecahedron",5); glutAddMenuEntry("Teapot",6); glutAddMenuEntry("Octahedron",7); glutAddMenuEntry("Tetrahedron",8); glutAddMenuEntry("Icosahedron",9); nWireMenu=glutCreateMenu(processMenu); glutAddMenuEntry("Wire",10); glutAddMenuEntry("Solid",11); nMainMenu=glutCreateMenu(processMenu); glutAddSubMenu("Model",nModelMenu); glutAddSubMenu("WireOrSolid",nWireMenu); //将菜单榜定到鼠标右键上 glutAttachMenu(GLUT_RIGHT_BUTTON); //窗口大小变化时的处理函数 glutReshapeFunc(changSize); //设置显示回调函数 glutDisplayFunc(renderScreen); //设置按键输入处理回调函数 glutSpecialFunc(specialKey); //设置全局渲染参数 setupRederingState(); glutMainLoop(); return 0;
} 右键选择mode查看不同3d图形；光标键调整角度；
球体；
调整角度；
甜圈；
这只就是著名的雪山飞壶；
折叠起代码来看下函数;
Glut下提供了一些现成的绘制立体的API，如glutWireSphere绘制球，glutWireCone绘制椎体，glutWireCube绘制立体，glutWireTorus绘制甜圈，glutWireTeapot绘制茶壶，glutWireOctahedron绘制八面体。
Glut提供的多面体API默认半径是1.0f的，使用glScalef对其进行放大。
八 opengl资源链接
http://blog.csdn.net/one_in_one/article/category/960777
http://blog.csdn.net/yearafteryear/article/category/1442065
http://blog.csdn.net/Augusdi/article/category/685679
http://cuiqingcai.com/category/technique/cc
图解opengl 3D 图形绘制实例相关推荐
- openGL 3D图形和openGL简介
基本概念与说明 OpenGL是一个图形API,用来绘制三维物体(也可以是2D物体),OpenGL ES (OpenGL for Embedded Systems) 是 OpenGL三维图形 API 的 ...
- 《视觉开发专题》之 OpenGL 3D动画绘制图形学概念的理解
知识前导 计算机图形学的终极目标--讨好人类视觉系统 最近在啃的书中有一本叫<计算机图形学 原理及实践>,这本书让我深有感触的是其绪论中对计算机构建真实感图像的理解:我们所致力的最终目 ...
- OpenGL开发3D图形绘制——球体
- OpenGL 基础图形绘制与投影变换
本文参考<Computer Graphics Using OpenGL>,第一个例子绘制了 1. 参数定义的House 2. a flurry of filled rectangles 3 ...
- opengl三维图形绘制_Python matplotlib绘图示例 - 绘制三维图形
Python matplotlib模块是扩展的MATLAB的一个绘图工具库.它可以绘制各种图形,下面就学习了下Python中的matplotlib模块,如何绘制三维图形. 示例代码一: # codin ...
- Python使用VTK三维3D图形绘制入门教程
安装:pip install vtk 学习一个东西最快的方法是知道基本原理和用途 VTK有啥用 不能做游戏.适合快速开发绘制静态三维模型.所以类似多用途折叠工具刀用处多,但是不能用在特别费劲的场合. ...
- python绘制3d动态模型_Python使用VTK三维3D图形绘制入门教程
安装:pip install vtk 学习一个东西最快的方法是知道基本原理和用途 VTK有啥用 不能做游戏.适合快速开发绘制静态三维模型.所以类似多用途折叠工具刀用处多,但是不能用在特别费劲的场合. ...
- OPENGL 简单图形绘制
直接上代码: #include <stdio.h> #include <GL/glut.h> #include <math.h>void myDisplay() { ...
- Python绘制3D图形：Axes3D
1 3D图形绘制需要(x,y,z)三组值,下面通过numpy和Axes3D函数会议3D图形.其中Axes3D是mpl_toolkits.mplot3d中的一个绘图函数,mpl_toolkits.mpl ...
最新文章
- Ubuntu中配置Java环境变量时，出现command not found问题解决记录
- 定了！2021年数据中心《能源管理师》考试，全国报名入口！
- 《研磨设计模式》chap2 简单工厂simplefactory
- 民间75个不传之密 ，医院都不知道的秘密
- nyoj914Yougth的最大化（二分搜索 + 贪心）
- Qt总结二十一：Qt控件一（QWidget）
- 【作业】条件、循环、函数定义、字符串操作练习
- PSTN ,PBX ,IP PBX,VoIP
- Python中Queue.get()方法阻塞，怎么办？
- 前端代码审查利器：vscode插件GitLab Workflow
- 个人配置--常用软件保护色设置
- 有线猫眼监控_如何安装有线监控摄像头系统
- java实现DFA 敏感词检测
- Python--Turtle钟表
- linux终端查找隐藏文件,如何在Linux服务器中查看或隐藏文件？
- img.shape[0]、[1]、[2]到底代表什么（转）
- 程序分析与优化 - 6 循环优化
- wifi7000米远程连接服务器失败,【电视派控制设备连wifi总失败 怎么办？】PjTime.COM 应用技巧 创维...
- OpenSSH之Windows账户访问操作
- dxf怎么用cad打开？CAD技巧分享