使用DroidPlugin实践应用的插件化

随着应用的体积越来越大, 插件化也逐渐受到关注, 参考. 应用插件化把模块完全解耦, 使用下载更新的方式, 扩展应用, 是平台化类应用的必然选择. 国内很多公司实现了各式各样的方法, 360的DroidPlugin是比较有意思的一个, 使用预占位的方式注册四大组件, 实现热更新, 参考, 也可以直接读源码理解实现逻辑.

Droid Plugin

Talk is cheap, show you the code! 如何把DroidPlugin用起来呢? 这是我比较关注的事情, 开源的Demo写的如此悲伤, 我来重新梳理一下, 又添加了几个功能测试. 引入DroidPlugin作为Submodule的依赖.

Github下载地址和测试Apk.

使用方法, 生成测试apk, 和其他若干apk, 放入Download文件夹下.
adb命令: adb push app-debug.apk /sdcard/Download/app-debug.apk
确保Download文件夹下, 有.apk后缀名的文件.

主要
(1) 插件安装后, 可以直接启动, 不需要任何冗余操作.
(2) 宿主的权限要多于插件的权限, 否则会权限不足.
(3) 宿主和插件, 可以通过隐式Intent进行通信.

动画

1. 主页

使用TabLayout+ViewPager的架构, 包含两个页面, 一个是安装\删除页面, 另一个是启动\卸载页面. 为了测试和插件的Intent通信, 增加跳转功能和显示信息功能.

/*** 主页面, 使用TabLayout+ViewPager.* 子页面, 使用RecyclerView.** @author wangchenlong*/
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {@Bind(R.id.main_tl_tabs) TabLayout mTlTabs; // Tabs@Bind(R.id.main_vp_container) ViewPager mVpContainer; // ViewPager@Bind(R.id.main_b_goto) Button mBGoto; // 跳转插件的按钮@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);ButterKnife.bind(this);PagerAdapter adapter = new PagerAdapter(getSupportFragmentManager());mVpContainer.setAdapter(adapter);mTlTabs.setupWithViewPager(mVpContainer);mBGoto.setOnClickListener(this::gotoPlugin);Intent intent = getIntent();if (intent != null && intent.getStringExtra(PluginConsts.MASTER_EXTRA_STRING) != null) {String words = "say: " + intent.getStringExtra(PluginConsts.MASTER_EXTRA_STRING);Toast.makeText(this, words, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}}// 跳转控件private void gotoPlugin(View view) {if (isActionAvailable(view.getContext(), PluginConsts.PLUGIN_ACTION_MAIN)) {Intent intent = new Intent(PluginConsts.PLUGIN_ACTION_MAIN);intent.putExtra(PluginConsts.PLUGIN_EXTRA_STRING, "Hello, My Plugin!");startActivity(intent);} else {Toast.makeText(view.getContext(), "跳转失败", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}}// Action是否允许public static boolean isActionAvailable(Context context, String action) {Intent intent = new Intent(action);return context.getPackageManager().resolveActivity(intent, 0) != null;}
}

ViewPager适配器

/*** ViewPager的适配器* <p>* Created by wangchenlong on 16/1/8.*/
public class PagerAdapter extends FragmentPagerAdapter {private static final String[] TITLES = {"已安装","未安装"};public PagerAdapter(FragmentManager fm) {super(fm);}@Override public Fragment getItem(int position) {if (position == 0) {return new StartFragment(); // 已安装页} else {return new StoreFragment(); // 想要安装页}}@Override public int getCount() {return TITLES.length;}@Overridepublic CharSequence getPageTitle(int position) {return TITLES[position];}
}

2. 加载页

显示Download文件夹下的Apk信息. 使用RecyclerView实现apk列表, 复用Adapter, 标志位(ApkOperator.TYPE_STORE)区分页面. 使用Rx异步扫描Download文件夹, 添加至列表. 接收服务连接状态, 成功则自动显示Apk.

/*** 安装Apk的页面, 使用RecyclerView.* <p>* Created by wangchenlong on 16/1/8.*/
public class StoreFragment extends Fragment {@Bind(R.id.list_rv_recycler) RecyclerView mRvRecycler;private ApkListAdapter mStoreAdapter; // 适配器// 服务连接private ServiceConnection mServiceConnection = new ServiceConnection() {@Override public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {loadApks();}@Override public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {}};@Nullable @Overridepublic View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_list, container, false);ButterKnife.bind(this, view);return view;}@Override public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);LinearLayoutManager llm = new LinearLayoutManager(view.getContext());llm.setOrientation(LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL);mRvRecycler.setLayoutManager(llm);mStoreAdapter = new ApkListAdapter(getActivity(), ApkOperator.TYPE_STORE);mRvRecycler.setAdapter(mStoreAdapter);if (PluginManager.getInstance().isConnected()) {loadApks();} else {PluginManager.getInstance().addServiceConnection(mServiceConnection);}}// 加载Apkprivate void loadApks() {// 异步加载, 防止Apk过多, 影响速度Observable.just(getApkFromDownload()).subscribeOn(Schedulers.newThread()).observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread()).subscribe(mStoreAdapter::setApkItems);}// 从下载文件夹获取Apkprivate ArrayList<ApkItem> getApkFromDownload() {File files = Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS);PackageManager pm = getActivity().getPackageManager();ArrayList<ApkItem> apkItems = new ArrayList<>();for (File file : files.listFiles()) {if (file.exists() && file.getPath().toLowerCase().endsWith(".apk")) {final PackageInfo info = pm.getPackageArchiveInfo(file.getPath(), 0);apkItems.add(new ApkItem(pm, info, file.getPath()));}}return apkItems;}@Overridepublic void onDestroyView() {super.onDestroyView();ButterKnife.unbind(this);PluginManager.getInstance().removeServiceConnection(mServiceConnection);}
}

适配器, 负责列表显示, 操作交由ViewHolder进行处理.

/*** 启动的适配器* <p>* Created by wangchenlong on 16/1/13.*/
public class ApkListAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<ApkItemViewHolder> {private ArrayList<ApkItem> mApkItems;private Activity mActivity;private int mType; // 类型public ApkListAdapter(Activity activity, int type) {mActivity = activity;mApkItems = new ArrayList<>();mType = type;}public void setApkItems(ArrayList<ApkItem> apkItems) {mApkItems = apkItems;notifyDataSetChanged();}public void addApkItem(ApkItem apkItem) {mApkItems.add(apkItem);notifyItemInserted(mApkItems.size() + 1);}public void removeApkItem(ApkItem apkItem) {mApkItems.remove(apkItem);notifyDataSetChanged();}public ApkItem getApkItem(int index) {return mApkItems.get(index);}public int getCount() {return mApkItems.size();}@Override public ApkItemViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.apk_item, parent, false);return new ApkItemViewHolder(mActivity, view, mType, this::removeApkItem);}@Override public void onBindViewHolder(ApkItemViewHolder holder, int position) {holder.bindTo(mApkItems.get(position));}@Override public int getItemCount() {return mApkItems.size();}
}

注意, 在设置Item时, 需要刷新列表, 使用notifyDataSetChanged或notifyItemInserted.

ViewHolder, 控制列表点击事件, 根据页面类型, 修改调用方法.

/*** Apk的列表, 参考: R.layout.apk_item* <p>* Created by wangchenlong on 16/1/13.*/
public class ApkItemViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {@Bind(R.id.apk_item_iv_icon) ImageView mIvIcon; // 图标@Bind(R.id.apk_item_tv_title) TextView mTvTitle; // 标题@Bind(R.id.apk_item_tv_version) TextView mTvVersion; // 版本号@Bind(R.id.apk_item_b_do) Button mBDo; // 确定按钮@Bind(R.id.apk_item_b_undo) Button mBUndo; // 取消按钮private ApkItem mApkItem; // Apk项private Context mContext; // 上下文private ApkOperator mApkOperator; // Apk操作private int mType; // 类型/*** 初始化ViewHolder** @param activity Dialog绑定Activity* @param itemView 项视图* @param type     类型, 加载或启动* @param callback 删除Item的调用*/public ApkItemViewHolder(Activity activity, View itemView, int type, ApkOperator.RemoveCallback callback) {super(itemView);ButterKnife.bind(this, itemView);mContext = activity.getApplicationContext();mApkOperator = new ApkOperator(activity, callback); // Apk操作mType = type; // 类型}// 绑定ViewHolderpublic void bindTo(ApkItem apkItem) {mApkItem = apkItem;mIvIcon.setImageDrawable(apkItem.icon);mTvTitle.setText(apkItem.title);mTvVersion.setText(String.format("%s(%s)", apkItem.versionName, apkItem.versionCode));// 修改文字if (mType == ApkOperator.TYPE_STORE) {mBUndo.setText("删除");mBDo.setText("安装");} else if (mType == ApkOperator.TYPE_START) {mBUndo.setText("卸载");mBDo.setText("启动");}mBUndo.setOnClickListener(this::onClickEvent);mBDo.setOnClickListener(this::onClickEvent);}// 点击事件private void onClickEvent(View view) {if (mType == ApkOperator.TYPE_STORE) {if (view.equals(mBUndo)) {mApkOperator.deleteApk(mApkItem);} else if (view.equals(mBDo)) {// 安装Apk较慢需要使用异步线程new InstallApkTask().execute();}} else if (mType == ApkOperator.TYPE_START) {if (view.equals(mBUndo)) {mApkOperator.uninstallApk(mApkItem);} else if (view.equals(mBDo)) {mApkOperator.openApk(mApkItem);}}}// 安装Apk的线程, Rx无法使用.private class InstallApkTask extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, String> {@Overrideprotected void onPostExecute(String v) {Toast.makeText(mContext, v, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();}@Overrideprotected String doInBackground(Void... params) {return mApkOperator.installApk(mApkItem);}}
}

注意, 安装Apk使用异步线程(AsyncTask), 不能使用Rx.

3. 启动页

启动页面, 显示已安装的Apk, 包含启动和卸载功能. 与安装页不同, 额外增加一个接收器, 负责接收安装成功之后的广播, 用于更新列表.

/*** 启动Apk页面* <p>* Created by wangchenlong on 16/1/13.*/
public class StartFragment extends Fragment {@Bind(R.id.list_rv_recycler) RecyclerView mRvRecycler;private ApkListAdapter mApkListAdapter; // 适配器private InstallApkReceiver mInstallApkReceiver; // Apk安装接收器// 服务连接private final ServiceConnection mServiceConnection = new ServiceConnection() {@Override public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {loadApks();}@Override public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {}};@Nullable @Overridepublic View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_list, container, false);ButterKnife.bind(this, view);return view;}@Override public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);LinearLayoutManager llm = new LinearLayoutManager(view.getContext());llm.setOrientation(LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL);mRvRecycler.setLayoutManager(llm);mApkListAdapter = new ApkListAdapter(getActivity(), ApkOperator.TYPE_START);mRvRecycler.setAdapter(mApkListAdapter);mInstallApkReceiver = new InstallApkReceiver();mInstallApkReceiver.registerReceiver(this.getActivity());if (PluginManager.getInstance().isConnected()) {loadApks();} else {PluginManager.getInstance().addServiceConnection(mServiceConnection);}}@Overridepublic void onDestroyView() {super.onDestroyView();ButterKnife.unbind(this);mInstallApkReceiver.unregisterReceiver(this.getActivity());}// 加载Apkprivate void loadApks() {// 异步加载, 防止Apk过多, 影响速度Observable.just(getApkFromInstall()).subscribeOn(Schedulers.newThread()).observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread()).subscribe(mApkListAdapter::setApkItems);}// 获取安装中获取Apkprivate ArrayList<ApkItem> getApkFromInstall() {ArrayList<ApkItem> apkItems = new ArrayList<>();try {final List<PackageInfo> infos = PluginManager.getInstance().getInstalledPackages(0);if (infos == null) {return apkItems;}final PackageManager pm = getActivity().getPackageManager();// noinspection allfor (final PackageInfo info : infos) {apkItems.add(new ApkItem(pm, info, info.applicationInfo.publicSourceDir));}} catch (RemoteException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return apkItems;}// 安装Apk接收器private class InstallApkReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {// 注册监听public void registerReceiver(Context context) {IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();filter.addAction(PluginManager.ACTION_PACKAGE_ADDED);filter.addAction(PluginManager.ACTION_PACKAGE_REMOVED);filter.addDataScheme("package");context.registerReceiver(this, filter);}// 关闭监听public void unregisterReceiver(Context context) {context.unregisterReceiver(this);}@Overridepublic void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {// 监听添加和删除事件if (PluginManager.ACTION_PACKAGE_ADDED.equals(intent.getAction())) {try {PackageManager pm = getActivity().getPackageManager();String pkg = intent.getData().getAuthority();PackageInfo info = PluginManager.getInstance().getPackageInfo(pkg, 0);mApkListAdapter.addApkItem(new ApkItem(pm, info, info.applicationInfo.publicSourceDir));} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}} else if (PluginManager.ACTION_PACKAGE_REMOVED.equals(intent.getAction())) {String pkg = intent.getData().getAuthority();int num = mApkListAdapter.getCount();ApkItem removedItem = null;for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) {ApkItem item = mApkListAdapter.getApkItem(i);if (TextUtils.equals(item.packageInfo.packageName, pkg)) {removedItem = item;break;}}if (removedItem != null) {mApkListAdapter.removeApkItem(removedItem);}}}}
}

复用Adapter和ViewHolder, 代码简介之道.

4. 方法类

四大方法, 安装\删除\启动\卸载, 在删除和卸载时, 均会提示Dialog. 注意的是安装Apk, 耗时较长, 需要使用异步线程.

/*** Apk操作, 包含删除\安装\卸载\启动Apk* <p>* Created by wangchenlong on 16/1/13.*/
public class ApkOperator {public static final int TYPE_STORE = 0; // 存储Apkpublic static final int TYPE_START = 1; // 启动Apkprivate Activity mActivity;       // 绑定Dialogprivate RemoveCallback mCallback; // 删除Item的回调public ApkOperator(Activity activity, RemoveCallback callback) {mActivity = activity;mCallback = callback;}// 删除Apkpublic void deleteApk(final ApkItem item) {AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(mActivity);builder.setTitle("警告");builder.setMessage("你确定要删除" + item.title + "么？");builder.setNegativeButton("删除", (dialog, which) -> {if (new File(item.apkFile).delete()) {mCallback.removeItem(item);Toast.makeText(mActivity, "删除成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();} else {Toast.makeText(mActivity, "删除失败", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}});builder.setNeutralButton("取消", null);builder.show();}/*** 安装Apk, 耗时较长, 需要使用异步线程** @param item Apk项* @return [0:成功, 1:已安装, -1:连接失败, -2:权限不足, -3:安装失败]*/public String installApk(final ApkItem item) {if (!PluginManager.getInstance().isConnected()) {return "连接失败"; // 连接失败}if (isApkInstall(item)) {return "已安装"; // 已安装}try {int result = PluginManager.getInstance().installPackage(item.apkFile, 0);boolean isRequestPermission = (result == PluginManager.INSTALL_FAILED_NO_REQUESTEDPERMISSION);if (isRequestPermission) {return "权限不足";}} catch (RemoteException e) {e.printStackTrace();return "安装失败";}return "成功";}// Apk是否安装private boolean isApkInstall(ApkItem apkItem) {PackageInfo info = null;try {info = PluginManager.getInstance().getPackageInfo(apkItem.packageInfo.packageName, 0);} catch (RemoteException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return info != null;}// 卸载Apkpublic void uninstallApk(final ApkItem item) {AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(mActivity);builder.setTitle("警告");builder.setMessage("警告，你确定要卸载" + item.title + "么？");builder.setNegativeButton("卸载", (dialog, which) -> {if (!PluginManager.getInstance().isConnected()) {Toast.makeText(mActivity, "服务未连接", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();} else {try {PluginManager.getInstance().deletePackage(item.packageInfo.packageName, 0);mCallback.removeItem(item);Toast.makeText(mActivity, "卸载完成", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();} catch (RemoteException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}});builder.setNeutralButton("取消", null);builder.show();}// 打开Apkpublic void openApk(final ApkItem item) {PackageManager pm = mActivity.getPackageManager();Intent intent = pm.getLaunchIntentForPackage(item.packageInfo.packageName);intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);mActivity.startActivity(intent);}// 删除Item回调, Adapter调用删除Itempublic interface RemoveCallback {void removeItem(ApkItem apkItem);}
}

5. 互动Apk

为了测试DroidPlugin的一些特性, 又写了一个测试Apk.
测试插件和宿主的通信, 插件类的生命周期.

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {private static final String TAG = "DEBUG-WCL: " + MainActivity.class.getSimpleName();@Bind(R.id.main_b_goto_master) Button mBGotoMaster;@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);ButterKnife.bind(this);Intent intent = getIntent();if (intent != null && intent.getStringExtra(PluginConsts.PLUGIN_EXTRA_STRING) != null) {String words = "say: " + intent.getStringExtra(PluginConsts.PLUGIN_EXTRA_STRING);Toast.makeText(this, words, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}mBGotoMaster.setOnClickListener(this::gotoMaster);Log.d(TAG, "onCreate"); // 测试生命周期}@Override protected void onDestroy() {super.onDestroy();Log.d(TAG, "onDestroy"); // 测试生命周期}// 跳转控件private void gotoMaster(View view) {if (isActionAvailable(view.getContext(), PluginConsts.MASTER_ACTION_MAIN)) {Intent intent = new Intent(PluginConsts.MASTER_ACTION_MAIN);intent.putExtra(PluginConsts.MASTER_EXTRA_STRING, "Hello, My Master!");startActivity(intent);} else {Toast.makeText(view.getContext(), "跳转失败", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}}// Action是否允许public static boolean isActionAvailable(Context context, String action) {Intent intent = new Intent(action);return context.getPackageManager().resolveActivity(intent, 0) != null;}
}

有时间可以再试试其他公司的插件化. One by One.

OK, that's all! Enjoy It.

原文地址： http://www.jianshu.com/p/f1217cce93ef