点击我爱计算机视觉标星，更快获取CVML新技术

本文作者：guoweiye，腾讯 PCG 开发工程师

很多人都说 Mac 比 Windows 更适合做开发，那关键是要把 Mac 配置好，下面就来和大家分享一下如何从零开始把一台新 Mackbook 打造成开发利器。

一、基本设置

1. 升级操作系统(macOS Mojave 10.14.3)

2. 关闭菜单栏效果, 减少资源占用和产生的热量

系统偏好设置/辅助功能/显示, 勾选 (减弱动态效果、减少透明度)

1. 配置睡眠保护

系统偏好设置/安全性与隐私/通用, 勾选(进入睡眠或开始保护程序 立即 要求输入密码)

1. 配置触发角

系统偏好设置/屏幕保护程序/触发角, 选择(右上桌面，左下启动台，右下启动屏幕保护)

二、工具安装

1. Xcode Command Line Tools

xcode-select --install

1. Homebrew

# 这里必须设置 代理地址，否则无法安装brew
/usr/bin/ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install

1. brew cask list

2. brew 安装常用工具

1. brew cask 安装常用工具

1. 其他工具

• 下载工具 motrix

• 截图工具 jietu

• 看图工具 jietu

• brew cask tools list

• 快速查看工具 Nicer plugins for QuickLook

  brew cask install qlcolorcode qlstephen qlmarkdown quicklook-json qlimagesize webpquicklook suspicious-package quicklookase qlvideo

• 微软的字体 Consolas

    wget -qO- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/yakumioto/YaHei-Consolas-Hybrid-1.12/master/install.sh && sudo install.sh
  

• szrz插件

• graphviz 所用语言 dot 验证

  dot -h

三、其他配置

1. 设置 iterm2

• iterm2 配色官网

  iterm2 > preference > profiles > colors > Color Presets > solarized dark

2.安装 zsh，oh-my-zsh

# 安装 zsh 及 补全
brew install zsh zsh-completions# 安装 oh-my-zsh
curl -L https://github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/raw/master/tools/install.sh | sh# 编辑 /etc/shells
sudo vim /etc/shells# 添加 zsh
/usr/local/bin/zsh# 修改默认shell
sudo chsh -s /usr/local/bin/zsh# 将环境变量移到~/.env.sh
vim ~/.zshrc# 设置主题
ZSH_THEME=pygmalion
# 设置插件
plugins=(git colored-man colorize github jira vagrant virtualenv pip python brew osx zsh-syntax-highlighting)# ls 配色生效
unset LSCOLORS
export CLICOLOR=1
export CLICOLOR_FORCE=1# 生效
source ~/.env.sh

3. solarized 主题配色

# clone 之
git clone https://github.com/altercation/solarized# 配置 vim 主题
cd solarized/vim-colors-solarized/
mkdir -p ~/.vim/colors
cp colors/solarized.vim ~/.vim/colors/# 配置 vim
vim ~/.vimrc
syntax on
set background=dark
colorscheme solarized
set backspace=2

4. vscode 配置命令行中打开

Open the Command Palette ( ⇧⌘ P) and type 'shell command' to find the Shell Command: Install 'code' command in PATH command.

1. vscode 插件安装

• Chinese language pack(中文语言包)

• markdownlint(markdown格式检查器)

• atom one dark theme(ATOM 风格主题)

• one dark pro(主题)

• material theme(主题)

• vscode-icons(图标)

• python(vscode python扩展包)

• go(go 扩展包)

6. vscode shell 选择，zsh

首选项/设置, 搜索 terminal.integrated.shell.osx ，设置值为 /usr/local/bin/zsh

1. vscode python 解释器选择

⇧⌘P, 搜索 select interpreter ，选择一个 env-3.6.8

1. vscode python lint 安装，选择 pylint 即可

2. vscode python 自动格式化

"python.formatting.provider": "black"

1. python 开发工具

• jetbrains 全家桶

• pycharm Community

• idea Community

四、 python 环境

1. pyenv 安装

   # 安装 pyenv 参考, http://einverne.github.io/post/2017/04/pyenv.html
   curl -L https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv-installer/raw/master/bin/pyenv-installer | bash# 添加环境变量
   vim ~/.zshrc
   export PATH="/.pyenv/bin:<annotation encoding="application style="font-size: inherit;line-height: 1.75;color: rgb(80, 161, 79);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;" span="" class="hljs-string" encoding=""application"><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.08125em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">H<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.02778em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">O<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.10903em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">M<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">E/.<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">p<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.03588em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">y<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">e<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">n<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.03588em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">v/<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">b<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">i<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">n<span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">:PATH"
   eval "¨E45E)"eval"(pyenv init -)"
   eval "</span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.03588em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.03588em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.10903em;"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.02778em;"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.08125em;"></span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"></annotation encoding="application><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">(<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">p<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.03588em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">y<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">e<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">n<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.03588em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">v<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">i<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">n<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">i<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">t¨<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">E45<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">E)"<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">e<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.03588em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">v<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">a<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.01968em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">l"(pyenv virtualenv-init -)"# 常用命令# 查看可用版本
   pyenv install -l# 安装 python2 最新版本
   pyenv install 2.7.16# 安装报错 ERROR: The Python zlib extension was not compiled. Missing the zlib? https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv/wiki/common-build-problems
   brew install readline xz# When running Mojave or higher (10.14+) you will also need to install the additional SDK headers by downloading them from Apple Developers. You can also check under /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Packages/ as some versions of Mac OS will have the pkg locally.
   sudo installer -pkg /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Packages/macOS_SDK_headers_for_macOS_10.14.pkg -target /# 安装 python3 最新版本 3.7.2
   # 报错 ERROR: The Python ssl extension was not compiled. Missing the OpenSSL lib?
   # https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv/issues/1184#issuecomment-409320318
   CONFIGURE_OPTS="--with-openssl=$(brew --prefix openssl)" pyenv install 3.7.2# 安装 python 3.6 ，tf 支持的最新版本
   pyenv install 3.6.8# 安装 python2 最新版 2.7.16
   pyenv install 2.7.16# 创建虚拟环境
   pyenv virtualenv 3.6.4 env-3.6.4# 激活虚拟环境
   pyenv activate env-3.6.4# 退出虚拟环境
   pyenv deactivate
   </span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.01968em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.03588em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.03588em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.03588em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true">

2. 创建 pip 配置文件

   # 创建 pip 配置目录
   mkdir ~/.pip# 编辑配置
   vim ~/.pip/.pip.conf# 添加以下内容
   [list]
   format=columns
   [global]
   download_cache = ~/.cache/pip
   index-url = http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
   [install]
   trusted-host=mirrors.aliyun.com
   

五、数据库安装

1. 数据库安装

   

2. 通过 brew service 管理此类后台任务

   brew tap homebrew/services
   brew services start mysql
   brew services restart mysql
   brew services list
   brew services cleanup# 通过界面管理后台服务
   brew cask install launchrocket
   

六、参考

1. 主要参考

• awesome-mac

• open-source-mac-os-apps

• Best-App

• mac-setup

• mac-dev-setup

• dev-setup

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