小浩浅谈如何为图片提供滤镜功能

近些天，一直想做一个pc版的美颜相机，但是万事开头总要有第一步，首先就是美颜相机的添加滤镜问题，直接上手视频未免过于着急，于是就想先对单张图片来实现滤镜功能的添加。

1.第一步，就是窗体和面板的创立，以及相关监听器的添加和画笔的传递

public class EDrawUI {//定义方法public void init() {//绘制窗体基本JFrame jf = new JFrame();jf.setSize(810, 900);jf.setTitle("小浩的美颜相机3.9");jf.setLocationRelativeTo(null);jf.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);//布局的确定BorderLayout border = new BorderLayout();jf.setLayout(border);//确定north与centerJPanel jp_north=new JPanel();jp_north.setBackground(Color.white);Dimension ds_north=new Dimension(0,40);jp_north.setPreferredSize(ds_north);jf.add(jp_north,BorderLayout.NORTH);//加入一个使用的CmyPanel面板EMyPanel center=new EMyPanel();center.setBackground(Color.white);jf.add(center,BorderLayout.CENTER);//监听器对象的创立EPixelMouse ePixelMouse=new EPixelMouse();//开始设置菜单栏JMenuBar jmu=new JMenuBar();jp_north.add(jmu);//设置菜单选项String[]menuText={"文件","编辑","常规滤镜","帮助","特殊滤镜","导航","工具"};//设置一个关于菜单选项的对象能直接调用的JMenu[]menu=new JMenu[menuText.length];for (int i=0;i< menuText.length;i++){JMenu jMenu=new JMenu(menuText[i]);menu[i]=jMenu;Dimension ds=new Dimension(110,30);jMenu.setPreferredSize(ds);jmu.add(jMenu);}//文件子菜单选项String[]name={"打开","保存","关闭"};for (int j=0;j< name.length;j++){JMenuItem jme=new JMenuItem(name[j]);Dimension ds=new Dimension(110,30);jme.setPreferredSize(ds);jme.addActionListener(ePixelMouse);menu[0].add(jme);}//编辑子菜单的选项String[]name1={"左旋转90度","右旋转90度","左旋转180度","右旋转180度"};for (int j=0;j< name1.length;j++){JMenuItem jme=new JMenuItem(name1[j]);Dimension ds=new Dimension(110,30);jme.setPreferredSize(ds);jme.addActionListener(ePixelMouse);menu[1].add(jme);}//滤镜子菜单的选项String[]name2={"原图","马赛克","灰度","油画","素描","珠纹"};for (int j=0;j< name2.length;j++){JMenuItem jme=new JMenuItem(name2[j]);Dimension ds=new Dimension(110,30);jme.setPreferredSize(ds);jme.addActionListener(ePixelMouse);menu[2].add(jme);}//特殊滤镜子菜单的选项String[]name3={"怀旧","梦幻","红外扫描","浮雕","特殊1","特殊2","卷积","合并"};for (int j=0;j< name3.length;j++){JMenuItem jme=new JMenuItem(name3[j]);Dimension ds=new Dimension(110,30);jme.setPreferredSize(ds);jme.addActionListener(ePixelMouse);menu[4].add(jme);}//帮助子菜单的选项JMenuItem jm1=new JMenuItem("撤回");Dimension dss=new Dimension(110,30);jm1.setPreferredSize(dss);jm1.addActionListener(ePixelMouse);menu[3].add(jm1);jf.setVisible(true);//从窗体获取画笔Graphics graphics=center.getGraphics();//画笔赋予ePixelMouse.g=graphics;
//        ePixelMouse.g= center.getGraphics();center.filterArr=ePixelMouse.filterArr;}public static void main(String[] args) {EDrawUI eDrawUI = new EDrawUI();eDrawUI.init();}
}

2.需要的就是需要设置监听器的相关点击的作用，并获取到点击对象

public class EPixelMouse implements ActionListener {//定义画笔public Graphics g;//定义方点击按钮所获取得到的操作名称public String name;//设置存储滤镜效果的数组，设置为1000种效果public EPixelFilter[] filterArr = new EPixelFilter[1000];//操作数下标public int index = 0;//判断是否需要旋转的操作数public int flag=0;//当前滤镜效果public EPixelFilter ep;//鼠标监听器public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {String name = e.getActionCommand();System.out.println("name:" + name);//加载图片（I/O）//图片路径String path = "C:\\qyl4.jpg";String path1 = "C:\\qyl3.jpg";//调用getImagePixel方法，把他存储的数据里面int[][] pixelArr = getImagePixel(path);//调用getImagePixel方法，把他存储的数据里面int[][] pixel1Arr = getImagePixel(path1);//将其绘制出来，通过点击的方法所获取的不同信息进行if (name.equals("原图")){ep = new EPixelFilter(pixelArr,name);ep.filter(g);flag=1;//把滤镜效果保存在数组中filterArr[index++]=ep;}if (name.equals("马赛克")){ep = new EPixelFilter(pixelArr,name);ep.filter(g);flag=1;//把滤镜效果保存在数组中filterArr[index++]=ep;}if(name.equals("灰度")){ep = new EPixelFilter(pixelArr,name);ep.filter(g);flag=1;//把滤镜效果保存在数组中filterArr[index++]=ep;}if (name.equals("油画")){ep = new EPixelFilter(pixelArr,name);ep.filter(g);flag=1;//把滤镜效果保存在数组中filterArr[index++]=ep;}if (name.equals("素描")){ep = new EPixelFilter(pixelArr,name);ep.filter(g);flag=1;//把滤镜效果保存在数组中filterArr[index++]=ep;}if (name.equals("浮雕")){ep = new EPixelFilter(pixelArr,name);ep.filter(g);flag=1;//把滤镜效果保存在数组中filterArr[index++]=ep;}if (name.equals("怀旧")){ep = new EPixelFilter(pixelArr,name);ep.filter(g);flag=1;//把滤镜效果保存在数组中filterArr[index++]=ep;}if (name.equals("梦幻")){ep = new EPixelFilter(pixelArr,name);ep.filter(g);flag=1;//把滤镜效果保存在数组中filterArr[index++]=ep;}if (name.equals("红外扫描")){ep = new EPixelFilter(pixelArr,name);ep.filter(g);flag=1;//把滤镜效果保存在数组中filterArr[index++]=ep;}if (name.equals("特殊1")){ep = new EPixelFilter(pixelArr,name);ep.filter(g);flag=1;//把滤镜效果保存在数组中filterArr[index++]=ep;}if (name.equals("特殊2")){ep = new EPixelFilter(pixelArr,name);ep.filter(g);flag=1;//把滤镜效果保存在数组中filterArr[index++]=ep;}if (name.equals("珠纹")){ep = new EPixelFilter(pixelArr,name);ep.filter(g);flag=1;//把滤镜效果保存在数组中filterArr[index++]=ep;}if (name.equals("合并")){ep = new EPixelFilter(pixelArr,pixel1Arr,name);ep.filter(g);flag=1;//把滤镜效果保存在数组中filterArr[index++]=ep;}if (name.equals("卷积")){ep = new EPixelFilter(pixelArr,name);ep.filter(g);flag=1;//把滤镜效果保存在数组中filterArr[index++]=ep;}if (name.equals("左旋转90度")){ep = new EPixelFilter(pixelArr,name);ep.filter(g);//把滤镜效果保存在数组中filterArr[index++]=ep;}}//创造getImagePixel方法public int[][] getImagePixel(String path) {File file = new File(path);// ImageIO:对图片文件进行I/O// 获取缓冲图片BufferedImage buffImage = null;try {buffImage = ImageIO.read(file);} catch (IOException e1) {e1.printStackTrace();}int w = buffImage.getWidth();int h = buffImage.getHeight();int[][] pixelArr = new int[w][h];// 获取图片中的每一个像素值保存到二维数组中for (int i = 0; i < w; i++) {for (int j = 0; j < h; j++) {int pixel = buffImage.getRGB(i, j);pixelArr[i][j] = pixel;}}return pixelArr;}
}

3.主要就是相关滤镜算法的编写，并对其封装调用

public class EPixelFilter {//保存当前图片数据的存储public int[][] pixelArr;public int[][] pixel1Arr;//通过name来识别滤镜效果public String name;//设置方法来传递滤镜效果的存储滤镜名称的参数public EPixelFilter(int[][] pixelArr, String name) {this.pixelArr = pixelArr;this.name = name;}public EPixelFilter(int[][] pixelArr,int[][] pixel1Arr, String name) {this.pixelArr = pixelArr;this.pixel1Arr=pixel1Arr;this.name = name;}//创造方法来点击调用，注意什么时候的值可以不同类别中互相传送public void filter(Graphics g) {System.out.println("name:" + name);if (name.equals("原图")) {drawY(g);}if (name.equals("马赛克")) {drawMSK(g);}if (name.equals("灰度")) {drawHH(g);}if (name.equals("油画")) {drawYH(g);}if (name.equals("素描")) {drawSM(g);}if (name.equals("浮雕")) {drawFD(g);}if (name.equals("怀旧")) {drawHJ(g);}if (name.equals("梦幻")) {drawMH(g);}if (name.equals("红外扫描")) {drawHW(g);}if (name.equals("特殊1")) {drawT1(g);}if (name.equals("特殊2")) {drawT2(g);}if (name.equals("珠纹")) {drawZW(g);}if (name.equals("卷积")) {drawJJ(g,pixelArr,kernel);}if (name.equals("合并")) {drawHB(g);}if (name.equals("左旋转90度")) {rotate(g);}}//创造不同点击所对应的作用，写出对应的算法//原图，首先创缓冲图片，Buffermage//开始写算法public void drawY(Graphics g) {// 创建缓冲图片：BufferedImageBufferedImage buff = new BufferedImage(pixelArr.length,pixelArr[0].length, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);// 获取缓冲区画笔Graphics buffG = buff.getGraphics();for (int i = 0; i < pixelArr.length; i++) {for (int j = 0; j < pixelArr[0].length; j++) {// 像素值int pixel = pixelArr[i][j];// 马赛克，灰度，底片// 转成Color对象，设置给画笔，画出像素点Color color = new Color(pixel);// 把像素点画在缓冲图片上buffG.setColor(color);buffG.drawLine(i, j, i, j);}}// 把缓冲图片画在界面上g.drawImage(buff, 0, 0, null);}public void drawMSK(Graphics g) {// 创建缓冲图片：BufferedImageBufferedImage buff = new BufferedImage(pixelArr.length,pixelArr[0].length, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);// 获取缓冲区画笔Graphics buffG = buff.getGraphics();for (int i = 0; i < pixelArr.length; i += 10) {for (int j = 0; j < pixelArr[0].length; j += 10) {// 像素值int pixel = pixelArr[i][j];// 把像素点画在缓冲图片上buffG.setColor(new Color(pixel));buffG.fillRect(i, j, 10, 10);}}// 把缓冲图片画在界面上g.drawImage(buff, 0, 0, null);}public void drawHH(Graphics g) {// 创建缓冲图片：BufferedImageBufferedImage buff = new BufferedImage(pixelArr.length,pixelArr[0].length, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);// 获取缓冲区画笔Graphics buffG = buff.getGraphics();for (int i = 0; i < pixelArr.length; i++) {for (int j = 0; j < pixelArr[0].length; j++) {// 像素值int pixel = pixelArr[i][j];// 马赛克，灰度，底片// 转成Color对象，设置给画笔，画出像素点Color color = new Color(pixel);// 取出三原色int red = color.getRed();int blue = color.getBlue();int green = color.getGreen();// 算法平均值int num = (red + blue + green) / 3;Color pixelColor = new Color(num, num, num);// 把像素点画在缓冲图片上buffG.setColor(pixelColor);buffG.drawLine(i, j, i, j);}}// 把缓冲图片画在界面上g.drawImage(buff, 0, 0, null);}public void drawYH(Graphics g) {//创建缓冲图片BufferImageBufferedImage bufferedImage = new BufferedImage(pixelArr.length, pixelArr[0].length, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_BGR);//获取缓冲区画笔Graphics buffG = bufferedImage.getGraphics();for (int i = 0; i < pixelArr.length; i++) {for (int j = 0; j < pixelArr[0].length; j++) {int pixel = pixelArr[i][j];Color color = new Color(pixel);buffG.setColor(color);Random random = new Random();int r = random.nextInt(20) + 5;buffG.fillOval(i, j, r, r);}}// 把缓冲图片画在界面上g.drawImage(bufferedImage, 0, 0, null);}public void drawSM(Graphics g) {//创建缓冲图片BufferImageBufferedImage bufferedImage = new BufferedImage(pixelArr.length, pixelArr[0].length, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_BGR);//获取缓冲区画笔Graphics buff = bufferedImage.getGraphics();for (int i = 0; i < pixelArr.length; i += 2) {for (int j = 0; j < pixelArr[0].length; j += 2) {int pixel = pixelArr[i][j];Color color = new Color(pixel);int b = color.getBlue();if (b < 180) {buff.setColor(Color.black);} else {buff.setColor(Color.WHITE);}buff.fillOval(i, j, 4, 4);}}// 把缓冲图片画在界面上g.drawImage(bufferedImage, 0, 0, null);}public void drawFD(Graphics g) {//创建缓冲图片BufferImageBufferedImage bufferedImage = new BufferedImage(pixelArr.length, pixelArr[0].length, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_BGR);//获取缓冲区画笔Graphics buff = bufferedImage.getGraphics();for (int i = 0; i < pixelArr.length; i++) {for (int j = 0; j < pixelArr[0].length; j++) {int pixel = pixelArr[i][j];pixel = (int) (pixel * 0.9848);Color color = new Color(pixel);buff.setColor(color);buff.drawLine(i, j, i, j);}}// 把缓冲图片画在界面上g.drawImage(bufferedImage, 0, 0, null);}public void drawHJ(Graphics g) {//创建缓冲图片BufferImageBufferedImage bufferedImage = new BufferedImage(pixelArr.length, pixelArr[0].length, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_BGR);//获取缓冲区画笔Graphics buff = bufferedImage.getGraphics();for (int i = 0; i < pixelArr.length; i++) {for (int j = 0; j < pixelArr[0].length; j++) {int pixel = pixelArr[i][j];pixel = (int) (pixel * 0.99899);Color color = new Color(pixel);buff.setColor(color);buff.drawLine(i, j, i, j);}}// 把缓冲图片画在界面上g.drawImage(bufferedImage, 0, 0, null);}public void drawMH(Graphics g) {//创建缓冲图片BufferImageBufferedImage bufferedImage = new BufferedImage(pixelArr.length, pixelArr[0].length, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_BGR);//获取缓冲区画笔Graphics buff = bufferedImage.getGraphics();for (int i = 0; i < pixelArr.length; i++) {for (int j = 0; j < pixelArr[0].length; j++) {int pixel = pixelArr[i][j];Color color = new Color(pixel);int b = color.getBlue();int a = color.getRed();int c = color.getGreen();Color color1 = new Color(b, a, c);buff.setColor(color1);buff.drawLine(i, j, i, j);}}// 把缓冲图片画在界面上g.drawImage(bufferedImage, 0, 0, null);}public void drawHW(Graphics g) {//创建缓冲图片BufferImageBufferedImage bufferedImage = new BufferedImage(pixelArr.length, pixelArr[0].length, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_BGR);//获取缓冲区画笔Graphics buff = bufferedImage.getGraphics();for (int i = 0; i < pixelArr.length; i++) {for (int j = 0; j < pixelArr[0].length; j++) {int pixel = pixelArr[i][j];pixel = (int) (pixel * 0.95899);Color color = new Color(pixel);buff.setColor(color);buff.drawLine(i, j, i, j);}}// 把缓冲图片画在界面上g.drawImage(bufferedImage, 0, 0, null);}public void drawT1(Graphics g) {//创建缓冲图片BufferImageBufferedImage bufferedImage = new BufferedImage(pixelArr.length, pixelArr[0].length, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_BGR);//获取缓冲区画笔Graphics buff = bufferedImage.getGraphics();for (int i = 0; i < pixelArr.length; i++) {for (int j = 0; j < pixelArr[0].length; j++) {int pixel = pixelArr[i][j];Color color = new Color(pixel);int b = color.getBlue();if (b > 200) {buff.setColor(Color.black);} else {pixel = (int) (pixel * 0.988);Color color1 = new Color(pixel);buff.setColor(color1);}buff.drawLine(i, j, i, j);}}// 把缓冲图片画在界面上g.drawImage(bufferedImage, 0, 0, null);}public void drawT2(Graphics g) {//创建缓冲图片BufferImageBufferedImage bufferedImage = new BufferedImage(pixelArr.length, pixelArr[0].length, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_BGR);//获取缓冲区画笔Graphics buff = bufferedImage.getGraphics();for (int i = 0; i < pixelArr.length; i++) {for (int j = 0; j < pixelArr[0].length; j++) {int pixel = pixelArr[i][j];Color color = new Color(pixel);int b = color.getGreen();if (b > 200) {buff.setColor(Color.cyan);} else {Color color1 = new Color(50, 100, 150);buff.setColor(color1);}buff.drawLine(i, j, i, j);}}// 把缓冲图片画在界面上g.drawImage(bufferedImage, 0, 0, null);}public void drawZW(Graphics g) {//创建缓冲图片BufferImageBufferedImage bufferedImage = new BufferedImage(pixelArr.length, pixelArr[0].length, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_BGR);//获取缓冲区画笔Graphics buff = bufferedImage.getGraphics();for (int i = 0; i < pixelArr.length; i += 8) {for (int j = 0; j < pixelArr[0].length; j += 8) {int pixel = pixelArr[i][j];Color color = new Color(pixel);buff.setColor(color);buff.fillOval(i, j, 8, 8);}}// 把缓冲图片画在界面上g.drawImage(bufferedImage, 0, 0, null);}float[][]kernel={{0,-1,0},{-1,1.99f,1},{0,-1,0}};float[][]kernel1={{0.8f,0,0.8f},{-1,1.8f,-1},{-1,0.8f,-1}};float[][]kernel2={{0,-1,0},{-1,4,-1},{0,-1,0}};float[][]kernel3={{-1,-1,-1,-1,-1},{-1,-1,-1,-1,-1},{-1,-1,25,-1,-1},{-1,-1,-1,-1,-1},{-1,-1,-1,-1,-1}};public void drawJJ(Graphics g,int[][]pixelArr,float[][]kernel) {int[][] pixel=juanji(g, pixelArr, kernel);//创建缓冲图片BufferImageBufferedImage bufferedImage = new BufferedImage(pixel.length, pixel[0].length, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_BGR);//获取缓冲区画笔Graphics buff = bufferedImage.getGraphics();for (int i = 0; i < pixel.length; i ++) {for (int j = 0; j < pixel[0].length; j ++) {int pix=pixel[i][j];Color color=new Color(pix,pix,pix);buff.setColor(color);buff.fillRect(i,j,1,1);}}// 把缓冲图片画在界面上g.drawImage(bufferedImage, 0, 0, null);}public int[][]juanji(Graphics g,int[][]pixelArr,float[][]kernel){//保存卷积计算的数据大小与kernel大小一致int[][]tem=new int[kernel.length][kernel[0].length];int w= pixelArr[0].length-kernel[0].length+1;int h= pixelArr.length-kernel.length+1;//保存运算时候的有效数据，两个矩阵相乘，遍历卷积核int[][]juanji=new int[h][w];for (int i=0;i<h;i++){for (int j=0;j<w;j++){for (int m=0;m< kernel.length;m++){for (int n=0;n< kernel[0].length;n++){//把矩阵相乘后的值保存到tem数组当中tem[m][n]=(int) ((pixelArr[i+m][j+n])*(kernel[m][n]));}}//把tem数组中保存的数据进行相加int num=0;for (int y=0;y<kernel.length;y++){for (int z=0;z<kernel[0].length;z++){num+=tem[y][z];}}//把num限制在一个字节当中if (num<0)num=0;if (num>255)num=255;juanji[i][j]=num;}}return juanji;}public void drawHB(Graphics g){int w=Math.min(pixelArr.length, pixel1Arr.length);int h=Math.min(pixelArr[0].length,pixel1Arr[0].length);//创建缓冲图片BufferImageBufferedImage bufferedImage=new BufferedImage(w,h,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_BGR);//获取缓冲区画笔Graphics buff=bufferedImage.getGraphics();for (int i=0;i<w;i++){for (int j=0;j<h;j++){int pixel=pixelArr[i][j];int pixel1=pixel1Arr[i][j];Color color=new Color(pixel);Color color1=new Color(pixel1);int r=(int) (color.getRed()*0.5+color1.getRed()*0.5);int a=(int) (color.getGreen()*0.5+color1.getGreen()*0.5);int b=(int) (color.getBlue()*0.5+color1.getBlue()*0.5);Color color2=new Color(r,a,b);buff.setColor(color2);buff.drawLine(i,j,i,j);}}// 把缓冲图片画在界面上g.drawImage(bufferedImage, 0, 0, null);}//设置旋转方法
//    public void rotate (Graphics g){
//        int[][] newArr = new int[pixelArr[0].length][pixelArr.length];
//        for (int i = 0, n = pixelArr.length - 1; i < pixelArr.length; i++, n--) {
//            for (int j = 0; j < pixelArr[0].length; j++) {
//                newArr[j][n] = pixelArr[i][j];
//            }
//        }
//    }
//    public void rotate (Graphics g){
//        //创建缓冲图片BufferImage
//        BufferedImage bufferedImage=new BufferedImage(pixelArr.length,pixelArr[0].length,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_BGR);
//        //获取缓冲区画笔
//        Graphics buff=bufferedImage.getGraphics();
//        int h= pixelArr.length;
//        int w=pixelArr[0].length;
//        int nh=w;
//        int nw=h;
//        int[][]newArr=new int[nh][nw];
//        for (int i=0;i<nw;i++){
//            for (int j=0;j<nh;j++){
//                newArr[i][j]=pixelArr[h-j-1][i];
//            }
//        }public void rotate (Graphics g){int[][] newArr = new int[pixelArr[0].length][pixelArr.length];for (int i = 0, n = pixelArr.length - 1; i < pixelArr.length; i++, n--) {for (int j = 0; j < pixelArr[0].length; j++) {newArr[j][n] = pixelArr[i][j];}}//创建缓冲图片BufferImageBufferedImage bufferedImage = new BufferedImage(newArr.length, newArr[0].length, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_BGR);//获取缓冲区画笔Graphics buff = bufferedImage.getGraphics();for (int i = 0; i < newArr.length; i += 8) {for (int j = 0; j < newArr[0].length; j += 8) {int pixel = newArr[i][j];Color color = new Color(pixel);g.setColor(color);g.fillOval(i, j, 8, 8);}}}
}

4.就是对面板类，以及图像滤镜的重绘效果展示

public class EMyPanel extends JPanel {public EPixelFilter[] filterArr=null;public EPixelFilter ep=null;//重写绘制面板的方法public void paint(Graphics g){// 1.绘制组件本身(调用父类中的paint方法)super.paint(g);System.out.println("绘制JPanel = "+ep);//2.绘制滤镜图像效果for (int i = 0; i < filterArr.length; i++){EPixelFilter filter=filterArr[i];if (filter != null) {// 还原当前的滤镜效果filter.filter(g);} elsebreak;}}

5.效果如图还是照常展示给大家（滤镜随机放了几个，然后有些，类似导航，工具，文件这些还未来得及添加）

6.有情况随时call我，欢迎随时交流

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