手撸一个springsecurity，了解一下security原理

今天手撸一个简易版本的springsecurity，带大家理解下springsecurity的原理。转载自：www.javaman.cn 手撸一个springsecurity，了解一下security原理

安全框架的两个特点就是认证和授权，让我们来通过代码了解下认证和授权的处理方式：

1、认证

认证就是指需要登录才能进行系统操作，如：登录qq、微信或者是web系统的登录都是认证的过程

1.1 工程目录

1.2 maven配置pom.xml如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><parent><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId><version>2.6.3</version><relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --></parent><groupId>com.dashi</groupId><artifactId>security</artifactId><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version><name>security</name><description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description><properties><java.version>1.8</java.version></properties><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId><optional>true</optional></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency></dependencies><build><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId><configuration><excludes><exclude><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId></exclude></excludes></configuration></plugin></plugins></build></project>

1.3 application.yml配置如下

spring:mvc:view:prefix: /suffix: .html

1.4 创建User，模拟springsecurity的用户信息的核心接口UserDetails

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
public class User {private Integer id;private String username;private String password;
}

1.5 创建AuthenticationService，模拟springsecurity的UserDetailsService核心接口

public interface AuthenticationService {public User authentication(AuthenticationRequest authenticationRequest);
}

1.6 实现AuthenticationService，模拟实现UserDetailsService的过程

@Service
public class AuthenticationServiceImpl implements AuthenticationService {private Map<String,User> users =  new HashMap<String,User>();@Overridepublic User authentication(AuthenticationRequest authenticationRequest) {if(authenticationRequest == null||"".equals(authenticationRequest.getUsername())||"".equals(authenticationRequest.getPassword())){throw new RuntimeException("用户名或密码为空");}User user = users.get(authenticationRequest.getUsername());if(user == null){throw new RuntimeException("用户不存在");}if(!user.getPassword().equals(authenticationRequest.getPassword())){throw new RuntimeException("密码不正确");}return user;  //模拟实现UserDetailS的User}public User getUser(String username){return users.get(username);}//创建两个账户，模拟管理员和普通的来宾用户{users.put("admin",new User(1,"admin","123"));  //管理员users.put("guest",new User(2,"guest","111"));  //来宾账户}
}

1.7 接收请求参数封装对象

@Data
public class AuthenticationRequest {private String username;private String password;
}

1.8 登录Controller，对/login请求处理，它调用AuthenticationService完成认证并返回登录结果提示信息

@Controller
public class LoginController {@Autowiredprivate AuthenticationService authenticationService;@GetMapping("/login")public String login(){return "login";}@PostMapping(value = "/login",produces = {"text/plain;charset=UTF-8"})public String login(AuthenticationRequest authenticationRequest, Model model){System.out.println("111"+authenticationRequest);User user = authenticationService.authentication(authenticationRequest);String loginMsg = user.getUsername()+"登录成功";System.out.println(loginMsg);model.addAttribute("loginMsg",loginMsg);return "loginsuccess";}
}

1.9 认证页面

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN""http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head><title>登录</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/login" method="post">用户名：<input type="text" name="username"><br>密码：<input type="password" name="password"><br><input type="submit" value="登录1">
</form>
</body>
</html>

1.10 认证成功后打印登录成功页面

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN""http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head><title>Title</title>
</head>
<body><h1 th:text="${loginMsg}"></h1>
</body>
</html>

1.11 测试具体页面
1）登录界面如下：

2）密码错误界面

3）登录成功界面

2、授权

授权就是控制什么样的用户或者角色访问什么功能，例如：管理员可以访问全部功能，guest普通用户只能访问某一个菜单或者功能

2.1 User增加权限authorities和session

package com.dashi.security.model;import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;import java.util.Set;@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
public class User {private Integer id;private String username;private String password;//登录用户,增加登录用户sessionpublic static final String LOGIN_USER = "user";/*** 用户权限*/private Set<String> authorities;
}

2.2 用户增加角色authorities

import com.dashi.security.model.AuthenticationRequest;
import com.dashi.security.model.User;
import com.dashi.security.service.AuthenticationService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;@Service
public class AuthenticationServiceImpl implements AuthenticationService {private Map<String,User> users =  new HashMap<String,User>();@Overridepublic User authentication(AuthenticationRequest authenticationRequest) {if(authenticationRequest == null||"".equals(authenticationRequest.getUsername())||"".equals(authenticationRequest.getPassword())){throw new RuntimeException("用户名或密码为空");}User user = users.get(authenticationRequest.getUsername());if(user == null){throw new RuntimeException("用户不存在");}if(!user.getPassword().equals(authenticationRequest.getPassword())){throw new RuntimeException("密码不正确");}return user;}public User getUser(String username){return users.get(username);}{//增加管理员权限Set<String> authorities1 = new HashSet<>();authorities1.add("admin");//增加来宾权限Set<String> authorities2 = new HashSet<>();authorities2.add("guest");users.put("admin",new User(1,"admin","123",authorities1));users.put("guest",new User(2,"guest","111",authorities2));}
}

2.3登录成功后，将用户放到session中

import com.dashi.security.model.AuthenticationRequest;
import com.dashi.security.model.User;
import com.dashi.security.service.AuthenticationService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;@Controller
public class LoginController {@Autowiredprivate AuthenticationService authenticationService;@GetMapping("/login")public String login(){return "login";}@PostMapping(value = "/login",produces = {"text/plain;charset=UTF-8"})public String login(AuthenticationRequest authenticationRequest, Model model, HttpSession session){System.out.println("111"+authenticationRequest);User user = authenticationService.authentication(authenticationRequest);session.setAttribute(User.LOGIN_USER,user);String loginMsg = user.getUsername()+"登录成功";System.out.println(loginMsg);model.addAttribute("loginMsg",loginMsg);return "loginsuccess";}
}

2.4 增加Springboot拦截器配置，判断是admin用户，可以访问所有资源resource1和resource2，如果是guest用户只允许访问resource2资源

import com.dashi.security.model.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;@Component
public class MyAuthenInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {@Overridepublic boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {Object object = request.getSession().getAttribute(User.LOGIN_USER);System.out.println("object = " + object);if(object == null){writeContent(response,"请登录");}//获取请求的urlString requestURI = request.getRequestURI();User user = (User)object;if(user.getAuthorities().contains("admin") && requestURI.contains("/resource1") || requestURI.contains("/resource2")){writeContent(response,user.getUsername()+"访问："+requestURI+"访问成功!");return true;}if(user.getAuthorities().contains("guest") && requestURI.contains("/resource2")){writeContent(response,user.getUsername()+"访问："+requestURI+"访问成功!");return true;}writeContent(response,"权限不足!");return false;}private void writeContent(HttpServletResponse response,String msg) throws IOException {response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");PrintWriter printWriter = response.getWriter();printWriter.write(msg);printWriter.close();response.resetBuffer();}
}

2.5 创造拦截器进行请求拦截，拦截/resource/**请求

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;@Configuration
public class LoginConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {@Autowiredprivate MyAuthenInterceptor myAuthenInterceptor;public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry){registry.addInterceptor(myAuthenInterceptor).addPathPatterns("/resource/**");}
}

2.7 授权测试界面如下：

登录成功后设置resource1和resource2访问功能
admin用户访问资源1和资源2
guest用户只能访问资源2，不能访问资源1

2.8 对比springsecurity的认证和授权

1、认证功能：
loginPage("/login.html")即为认证
2、授权功能：
.antMatchers("/resource/resource1").hasAuthority(“admin”)
.antMatchers("/resource/resource2").hasAuthority(“admin”)
.antMatchers("/resource/resource2").hasAuthority(“guest”)

  @Overrideprotected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {//以下五步是表单登录进行身份认证最简单的登录环境http.formLogin() //表单登陆.loginPage("/login.html") //指定登陆页面.loginProcessingUrl("/authentication/form")//登陆页面提交的页面 开始使用UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter过滤器处理请求.and() //.authorizeRequests() //下面的都是授权的配置                                                   .antMatchers("/resource/resource1").hasAuthority("admin")                                 .antMatchers("/resource/resource2").hasAuthority("admin")                                           .antMatchers("/resource/resource2").hasAuthority("guest")    .and().csrf().disable();//关闭跨站请求伪造攻击拦截