1 基本概念

1.1 常用注解

• @Mocked：被修饰的对象将会被Mock，对应的类和实例都会受影响（同一个测试用例中）
• @Injectable：仅Mock被修饰的对象
• @Capturing：可以mock接口以及其所有的实现类
• @Mock：MockUp模式中，指定被Fake的方法

1.2 常用的类

• Expectations：期望，指定的方法必须被调用
• StrictExpectations：严格的期望，指定方法必须按照顺序调用
• NonStrictExpectations：非严格的期望，是否调用和顺序不作要求
• Verifications：验证，一般配合NonStrictExpectations来使用
• Invocation：工具类，可以获取调用信息
• Delegate：自己指定返回值，适合那种需要参数决定返回值的场景，只需指定匿名子类就可以。
• MockUp：模拟函数实现
• Deencapsulation：反射工具类

2 使用实例

现有两个类如下：
SimpleTool.java:

public class SimpleTool {public String fun1(String str) {return "real: public String fun1(" + str + ")";}private String fun2(String str) {return "real: private String fun2(" + str + ")";}public String fun3(String str) {return "real: public String fun3(" + str + ")";}public String fun4(String str) {return fun2(str);}
}

UseSimpleTool.java:

public class UseSimpleTool {public String fun1(String name) {SimpleTool simpleTool = new SimpleTool();return simpleTool.fun1(name);}
}

2.1 Status-based

2.1.1 实例1:Mocked

@Mocked
SimpleTool simpleTool;@Test
public void testExpectation() {//未mock函数返回nullnew Expectations() {{simpleTool.fun1(anyString);result = "MOCK";}};System.out.println(simpleTool.fun1("param"));System.out.println(simpleTool.fun3("param"));System.out.println(new UseSimpleTool().fun1("param"));new Verifications() {{simpleTool.fun1(anyString);times = 2;}};
}

输出：

MOCK
null
MOCK

2.1.2 实例2:Injectable

@Injectable
SimpleTool simpleTool;@Test
public void testExpectation() {//未mock函数返回nullnew Expectations() {{simpleTool.fun1(anyString);result = "MOCK";}};System.out.println(simpleTool.fun1("param"));System.out.println(simpleTool.fun3("param"));System.out.println(new UseSimpleTool().fun1("param"));new Verifications() {{simpleTool.fun1(anyString);times = 1;}};
}

输出：

MOCK
null
real: public String fun1(param)

2.1.3 结果可变Delegate

@Mocked
SimpleTool simpleTool;@Test
public void testExpectation() {new Expectations() {{simpleTool.fun1(anyString);result = new Delegate<String>() {public String aDelegateMethod(String str) {return str.equals("param0") ? "MOCK0" : "MOCK1";}};}};System.out.println(simpleTool.fun1("param0"));System.out.println(simpleTool.fun3("param"));System.out.println(new UseSimpleTool().fun1("param1"));new Verifications() {{simpleTool.fun1(anyString);times = 2;}};
}

输出：

MOCK0
null
MOCK1

2.2 Behavior-based

2.2.1 Mock对象公有方法

@Test
public void testMockUp() {//影响该类所有实例new MockUp<SimpleTool>(){//未mock函数不受影响@Mockpublic String fun1(String str) {return "(MOCK)";}};SimpleTool simpleTool = new SimpleTool();System.out.println(simpleTool.fun1("param"));System.out.println(simpleTool.fun3("param"));UseSimpleTool useSimpleTool = new UseSimpleTool();System.out.println(useSimpleTool.fun1("param"));
}

输出：

(MOCK)
real: public String fun3(param)
(MOCK)

2.2.2 Mock对象私有方法

@Test
public void testMockUp() {new MockUp<SimpleTool>(){//未mock函数不受影响@Mockprivate String fun2(String str) {return "(MOCK)";}};SimpleTool simpleTool = new SimpleTool();System.out.println(simpleTool.fun1("param"));System.out.println(simpleTool.fun3("param"));System.out.println(simpleTool.fun4("param"));
}

输出：

real: public String fun1(param)
real: public String fun3(param)
(MOCK)

2.2.3 Mock接口

现有接口及其实现类如下：
SimleInterface.java:

public interface SimpleInterface {String getCityName();String getAreaName();
}

SimpleInterfaceImpl.java:

public class SimpleInterfaceImpl implements SimpleInterface {public String getCityName() {return "default city";}public String getAreaName() {return "default area";}
}

实例:

//此处使用Injectable和Mocked为一样的效果
@Injectable
SimpleInterface simpleInterface;@Test
public void testUpper() throws Exception {SimpleInterface mockInstance =  new MockUp<SimpleInterface>() {@Mockpublic String getCityName() {return "BEIJING(MOCK)";}@Mockpublic String getAreaName() {return "HUABEI(MOCK)";}}.getMockInstance();System.out.println(mockInstance.getCityName());System.out.println(mockInstance.getAreaName());System.out.println(simpleInterface.getCityName());System.out.println(simpleInterface.getAreaName());SimpleInterfaceImpl simpleInterfaceImpl = new SimpleInterfaceImpl();System.out.println(simpleInterfaceImpl.getCityName());System.out.println(simpleInterfaceImpl.getAreaName());
}

输出：

BEIJING(MOCK)
HUABEI(MOCK)
null
null
default city
default area

对于接口的Mock如何影响实现该接口的所有类的对象，尚需进一步研究。

转载：http://blog.csdn.net/foreverling/article/details/51234149