java实现的五子棋

创建一个简单的五子棋游戏，带GUI界面。不多说，上代码。首先上的是五子棋模型。这个模型提供简单的放置棋子，判断是否五子相连，也就是是否赢了。代码如下所示。

/**game five in a row* */
public class FiveInARowModel {public static final int EMPTY=0;//no chessmanpublic static final int BLACK=1;//black chessmanpublic static final int WHITE=2;//white chessmanprivate int[][]board;private int lastPutRow,lastPutCol;public FiveInARowModel(int dimension){board=new int[dimension][dimension];clear();}public int getDimension(){return board.length;}public int getChessman(int row,int col){return board[row][col];}public boolean isEmpty(int row,int col){return EMPTY==getChessman(row, col);}public boolean isFull(){for(int k=0;k<board.length;++k)for(int j=0;j<board.length;++j)if(isEmpty(k, j))return false;return true;}public void clear(){//board=new int[board.length][board.length];for(int k=0;k<board.length;++k)for(int j=0;j<board.length;++j)board[k][j]=EMPTY;lastPutRow=lastPutCol=-1;}/**@return last position of the chessman put on the board* */public int[]getLastPut(){return new int[]{lastPutRow,lastPutCol};}public boolean trySetChessman(int row,int col,int chessman){if(!isEmpty(row, col))return false;if(chessman!=BLACK&&chessman!=WHITE)return false;board[row][col]=chessman;//lastPutRow=row;//lastPutCol=col;boolean win= checkWin(row, col);board[row][col]=EMPTY;return win;}/**put a chessman on the board* @param row row of position to put chessman* @param col column of position to put chessman* @param chessman type of chessman to put* @return true if the putter wins* */public boolean setChessman(int row,int col,int chessman) throws Exception{if(!isEmpty(row, col))throw new Exception("Non-empty position!");if(chessman!=BLACK&&chessman!=WHITE)throw new Exception("Invalid chessman");board[row][col]=chessman;lastPutRow=row;lastPutCol=col;return checkWin(row, col);}//chech whether five chessmans in a lineprivate boolean checkWin(int row,int col){//left->rightint chessman=getChessman(row, col);int selfChessManNum=1;for(int left=col-1;left>=0&&getChessman(row, left)==chessman;--left,++selfChessManNum);for(int right=col+1;right<getDimension()&&getChessman(row, right)==chessman;++right,++selfChessManNum);if(selfChessManNum>=5)return true;//up->downselfChessManNum=1;for(int up=row-1;up>=0&&getChessman(up,col)==chessman;--up,++selfChessManNum);for(int down=row+1;down<getDimension()&&getChessman(down,col)==chessman;++down,++selfChessManNum);if(selfChessManNum>=5)return true;//left-up->right-downselfChessManNum=1;for(int left=col-1,up=row-1;left>=0&&up>=0&&getChessman(up, left)==chessman;--left,--up,++selfChessManNum);for(int right=col+1,down=row+1;right<getDimension()&&down<getDimension()&&getChessman(down, right)==chessman;++right,++down,++selfChessManNum);if(selfChessManNum>=5)return true;//right-up->left-downselfChessManNum=1;for(int left=col-1,down=row+1;left>=0&&down<getDimension()&&getChessman(down, left)==chessman;--left,++down,++selfChessManNum);for(int right=col+1,up=row-1;right<getDimension()&&up>=0&&getChessman(up, right)==chessman;++right,--up,++selfChessManNum);if(selfChessManNum>=5)return true;return false;}
}

接着是计算机玩家的代码。这里只是个简单的框架，只做最简单的判断，首先看是否有四子相连，则直接赢棋，否则就是下子堵另一方。

import java.util.Random;//
public class ComputerPlayer {private FiveInARowModel board;private int chessman;public ComputerPlayer(FiveInARowModel board,int chessman){this.board=board;this.chessman=chessman;}/*** put a chessman on board* @return true if computer wins* */public boolean play(){int[]anotherPlayerPut=board.getLastPut();if(anotherPlayerPut[0]<0){try {board.setChessman(board.getDimension()/2, board.getDimension()/2, chessman);} catch (Exception e) {}return false;}int row=anotherPlayerPut[0],col=anotherPlayerPut[1];int nearRow=-1,nearCol=-1,dis=2*board.getDimension();//search a position if player can winfor(int k=0;k<board.getDimension();++k)for(int j=0;j<board.getDimension();++j)if(board.isEmpty(k, j)){if(Math.abs(k-row)+Math.abs(j-col)<dis){nearCol=j;nearRow=k;dis=Math.abs(k-row)+Math.abs(j-col);}if(board.trySetChessman(k, j, chessman)){try {return board.setChessman(k, j, chessman);} catch (Exception e) {//impossible to get herereturn false;}}}////left->right//check whether another player has more than 3 chessman in a rowif(checkLeftToRight(row, col))return false;if(checkUpToDown(row, col))return false;if(checkLeftUpToRightDown(row, col))return false;if(checkLeftDownToRightUp(row, col))return false;//choose a position randomlytry {board.setChessman(nearRow, nearCol, chessman);} catch (Exception e) {}return false;}private boolean checkLeftToRight(int row,int col){return check(row,col,0,1);}private boolean checkUpToDown(int row,int col){return check(row,col,1,0);}private boolean checkLeftUpToRightDown(int row,int col){return check(row,col,1,1);}private boolean checkLeftDownToRightUp(int row,int col){return check(row,col,-1,1);}//check chessmans in a line. If more than 3 chessmans in a row, then blocked itprivate boolean check(int row,int col,int drow,int dcol){int startRow=row-drow,startCol=col-dcol,endRow=row+drow,endCol=col+dcol;int chessman=board.getChessman(row, col);int sameChessNum=1;while(startRow>=0&&startCol>=0&&board.getChessman(startRow, startCol)==chessman){startRow-=drow;startCol-=dcol;++sameChessNum;}while(endRow<board.getDimension()&&endCol<board.getDimension()&&board.getChessman(endRow, endCol)==chessman){endRow+=drow;endCol+=dcol;++sameChessNum;}if(sameChessNum>=3){//more than 3  chessman in a rowif(startRow>=0&&startCol>=0&&board.isEmpty(startRow, startCol)){try {board.setChessman(startRow, startCol, this.chessman);return true;} catch (Exception e) {}}else if(endRow<board.getDimension()&&endCol<board.getDimension()&&board.isEmpty(endRow, endCol)){try {board.setChessman(endRow, endCol, this.chessman);return true;} catch (Exception e) {}}}return false;}
}

然后创建一个棋盘面板。显示棋局，设置好鼠标事件处理。

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.FontMetrics;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.Point;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.awt.geom.Rectangle2D;import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
import javax.swing.JPanel;public class BoardPanel extends JPanel {public static final int WIDTH=600;public static final int HEIGHT=600;private static int MARGIN=20;private FiveInARowModel board;//chessman boardprivate ComputerPlayer computerPlayer;public BoardPanel(FiveInARowModel board){this.board=board;computerPlayer=new ComputerPlayer(board, FiveInARowModel.BLACK);this.setBackground(Color.WHITE);addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter() {public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {Point p=e.getPoint();int row,col;int dim=BoardPanel.this.board.getDimension();int cellWidth=(getWidth()-2*MARGIN)/dim;if(p.y>=MARGIN&&p.y<MARGIN+dim*cellWidth&&p.x>=MARGIN&&p.x<MARGIN+dim*cellWidth){row=(p.y-MARGIN)/cellWidth;col=(p.x-MARGIN)/cellWidth;if(!BoardPanel.this.board.isEmpty(row, col))return;try {//user put a chessmanboolean win=BoardPanel.this.board.setChessman(row, col, FiveInARowModel.WHITE);BoardPanel.this.drawChessman(row, col);if(win){//user winsJOptionPane.showMessageDialog(BoardPanel.this, "You win!");BoardPanel.this.board.clear();BoardPanel.this.repaint();}else if(BoardPanel.this.board.isFull()){//fullJOptionPane.showMessageDialog(BoardPanel.this, "No empty cell!");BoardPanel.this.board.clear();BoardPanel.this.repaint();}else{//computer put a chessmanwin=computerPlayer.play();int[]last=BoardPanel.this.board.getLastPut();row=last[0];col=last[1];BoardPanel.this.drawChessman(row, col);if(win){//computer winsJOptionPane.showMessageDialog(BoardPanel.this, "Computer win!");BoardPanel.this.board.clear();BoardPanel.this.repaint();}else if(BoardPanel.this.board.isFull()){JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(BoardPanel.this, "No empty cell!");BoardPanel.this.board.clear();BoardPanel.this.repaint();}}} catch (Exception e1) {e1.printStackTrace();}}}});}public int getWidth() {return WIDTH;}public int getHeight() {return HEIGHT;}public void paint(Graphics g) {Graphics2D g2d=(Graphics2D) g;//fill white back groundg2d.setColor(Color.CYAN);g2d.fillRect(0, 0, WIDTH, HEIGHT);//write tipg2d.setColor(Color.BLACK);g2d.drawString("Computer", MARGIN, MARGIN*2/3);FontMetrics fm=g2d.getFontMetrics();Rectangle2D rect=fm.getStringBounds("Computer", g2d);int r=MARGIN-2;g2d.drawOval(MARGIN+(int)rect.getWidth()+r, 0, r, r);g2d.fillOval(MARGIN+(int)rect.getWidth()+r, 0, r, r);g2d.drawString("User", WIDTH/2, MARGIN*2/3);rect=fm.getStringBounds("User", g2d);g2d.drawOval(WIDTH/2+(int)rect.getWidth()+r, 0, r, r);g2d.setColor(Color.WHITE);g2d.fillOval(WIDTH/2+(int)rect.getWidth()+r, 0, r, r);//draw background of boardint cellWidth=(getWidth()-2*MARGIN)/board.getDimension();g2d.setColor(Color.GRAY);g2d.fillRect(MARGIN, MARGIN, cellWidth*board.getDimension(), cellWidth*board.getDimension());//draw linesg2d.setColor(Color.BLACK);for(int k=0;k<board.getDimension()+1;++k){g2d.drawLine(MARGIN+k*cellWidth, MARGIN, MARGIN+k*cellWidth, MARGIN+cellWidth*board.getDimension());g2d.drawLine(MARGIN, MARGIN+k*cellWidth, MARGIN+cellWidth*board.getDimension(), MARGIN+k*cellWidth);}for(int k=0;k<board.getDimension();++k){for(int j=0;j<board.getDimension();++j)drawChessman(k, j);}}private void drawChessman(int row,int col){int chessman=board.getChessman(row, col);if(chessman!=FiveInARowModel.BLACK&&chessman!=FiveInARowModel.WHITE)return;int x,y;int cellWidth=(getWidth()-2*MARGIN)/board.getDimension();x=MARGIN+col*cellWidth;y=MARGIN+row*cellWidth;Graphics2D g2d=(Graphics2D) this.getGraphics();int pad=2;Color color=chessman==FiveInARowModel.BLACK?Color.BLACK:Color.WHITE;g2d.setColor(color);g2d.fillOval(x+pad, y+pad, cellWidth-2*pad, cellWidth-2*pad);}
}

接着就是创建一个主窗口，将棋盘放在中央。

import java.awt.BorderLayout;import javax.swing.JFrame;public class MainFrame extends JFrame {public MainFrame() {FiveInARowModel board=new FiveInARowModel(19);BoardPanel panel=new BoardPanel(board);getContentPane().add(panel,BorderLayout.CENTER);setSize(panel.getWidth(),10+panel.getHeight());setResizable(false);setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);}}

终于，到了主函数了。

public class Main {public static void main(String[]args){MainFrame mf=new MainFrame();mf.setVisible(true);}}

好了。看看结果吧。这是初始界面。

接着是下棋的界面。

好了，最后是用户赢了。

总体就是这样了，代码很简单。主要就是计算机的智能太低了，不过显然这是可以改进的。当然了，五子棋模型类也需要改进，毕竟现在不支持退回。

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