我们使用Docker compose和开源工具Dobi（GitHub - dnephin/dobi: A build automation tool for Docker applications）从一个Linux基础容器镜像（我们使用Almalinux），构建支持SSH两个容器，以及一个具备X11 forwarding的有Google chrome浏览器和Jetbain idea集成开发工具的容器。借鉴如此容器环境构建，可以很方便来搭建基于Windows下容器环境的Hadoop、Spark大数据教学开发的环境。可以参考本作者的另外几篇文章：Windows PC上创建大数据职业技能竞赛实验环境之一 / 七。

首先我们来看看什么是Docker compose。Docker compose 是用于定义和运行多容器 Docker 应用程序的工具。通过 Compose，您可以使用 YML 文件来配置应用程序需要的所有服务。然后，使用一个命令，就可以从 YML 文件配置中创建并启动所有服务。Windows下安装Docker Desktop，应该也有了Docker compose。

C:\MyDevz\dockerp>docker version
Client:Cloud integration: v1.0.29Version:           20.10.21API version:       1.41Go version:        go1.18.7Git commit:        baeda1fBuilt:             Tue Oct 25 18:08:16 2022OS/Arch:           windows/amd64Context:           defaultExperimental:      trueServer: Docker Desktop 4.14.1 (91661)Engine:Version:          20.10.21API version:      1.41 (minimum version 1.12)Go version:       go1.18.7Git commit:       3056208Built:            Tue Oct 25 18:00:19 2022OS/Arch:          linux/amd64Experimental:     falsecontainerd:Version:          1.6.9GitCommit:        1c90a442489720eec95342e1789ee8a5e1b9536frunc:Version:          1.1.4GitCommit:        v1.1.4-0-g5fd4c4ddocker-init:Version:          0.19.0GitCommit:        de40ad0C:\MyDevz\dockerp>docker-compose version
Docker Compose version v2.13.0

开源工具Dobi是一款Docker应用的自动化构建工具，用Dobi能保持项目高效组织，方便重构。他采用dobi.yaml来具体定义容器构建的资源与任务，并直接用dobi运行任务。Dobi可以通过github下载，具有windows和linux的不同程序。这里是windows下载链接：https://github.com/dnephin/dobi/releases/download/v0.15.0/dobi-windows.exe

一 构建支持SSH的容器镜像

创建项目目录，我的是C:\mydevz\dockerp。进入项目于目录。将下载好的dobi拷贝到目录，修改文件名。

dobi-windows.exe -> dobi.exe

1 在当前目录下创建Dockerfile。

FROM almalinux:latest
MAINTAINER "LIU Gang from Hiroki Takeyama"# sshd
RUN dnf -y install openssh-server openssh-clients; \sed -i 's/^\(UsePAM yes\)/# \1/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config; \ssh-keygen -q -t rsa -b 2048 -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key -N '' && \ssh-keygen -q -t ecdsa -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key -N '' && \ssh-keygen -t dsa -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key  -N ''; \sed -i 's/^#\(PermitRootLogin\) .*/\1 yes/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config; \rm -f /run/nologin; \dnf clean all;# 免密
RUN sed -i 's/^#\(PubkeyAuthentication yes\)/\1/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config && \echo "StrictHostKeyChecking no" >> /etc/ssh/ssh_config; \ssh-keygen -t rsa -f /root/.ssh/id_rsa -P '' && \cat /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> /root/.ssh/authorized_keys;# 基础应用
RUN dnf -y install net-tools iproute procps;
RUN dnf -y install bzip2 wget vim less;
RUN dnf clean all;# 环境变量
ENV TIMEZONE Asia/Shanghai
ENV ROOT_PASSWORD *******   # root登录密码RUN ln -fs /usr/share/zoneinfo/${TIMEZONE} /etc/localtime; \echo "root:${ROOT_PASSWORD}" | chpasswd; \touch /var/log/lastlog;# 暴露ssh端口
EXPOSE 22ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/sbin/init"]

在Dockerfile中通过ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/sbin/init"]，让容器启动时启动systemd。

2 创建dobi.yaml。

meta:project: dockerpdefault: createimage=almalinux:image: almalinuxcontext: .dockerfile: Dockerfiletags: - 'S0.1'
#    - '{env.VERSION}'annotations:description: "Build the almalinux image"alias=create:tasks: ['almalinux:build']annotations:description: "Create the images and containers"alias=clean:tasks: ['almalinux:rm']annotations:description: "Remove the images and containers"

这时我们可以来创建新的容器镜像almalinux:S0.1。

C:\MyDevz\dockerp>dobi --version
dobi version 0.15.0 (build: 5c1481d, date: Sat Feb 27 19:05:16 UTC 2021)C:\MyDevz\dockerp>dobi list
Resources:almalinux            Build the almalinux imageclean                Remove the images and containerscreate               Create the images and containersC:\MyDevz\dockerp>dobi
[WARN] Failed to load auth config: no docker configuration found
Step 1/12 : FROM almalinux:latest---> 39f63d416992
Step 2/12 : MAINTAINER "LIU Gang from Hiroki Takeyama"---> Running in ecec068122c7
Removing intermediate container ecec068122c7---> b84502db34ad
Step 3/12 : RUN dnf -y install openssh-server openssh-clients;     sed -i 's/^\(UsePAM yes\)/# \1/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config;     ssh-keygen -q -t rsa -b 2048 -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key -N '' &&     ssh-keygen -q -t ecdsa -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key -N '' &&     ssh-keygen -t dsa -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key  -N '';     sed -i 's/^#\(PermitRootLogin\) .*/\1 yes/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config;     rm -f /run/nologin;     dnf clean all;---> Running in 21c50551fb82
AlmaLinux 8 - BaseOS                            1.3 MB/s | 2.9 MB     00:02
AlmaLinux 8 - AppStream                         3.2 MB/s | 9.9 MB     00:03
AlmaLinux 8 - Extras                            7.5 kB/s |  18 kB     00:02
Dependencies resolved.
================================================================================Package              Arch        Version                     Repository   Size
================================================================================
Installing:openssh-clients      x86_64      8.0p1-16.el8                baseos      668 kopenssh-server       x86_64      8.0p1-16.el8                baseos      492 k
Installing dependencies:libedit              x86_64      3.1-23.20170329cvs.el8      baseos      102 kopenssh              x86_64      8.0p1-16.el8                baseos      522 kTransaction Summary
================================================================================
Install  4 PackagesTotal download size: 1.7 M
Installed size: 5.5 M
Downloading Packages:
(1/4): libedit-3.1-23.20170329cvs.el8.x86_64.rp 213 kB/s | 102 kB     00:00
(2/4): openssh-8.0p1-16.el8.x86_64.rpm          792 kB/s | 522 kB     00:00
(3/4): openssh-clients-8.0p1-16.el8.x86_64.rpm  947 kB/s | 668 kB     00:00
(4/4): openssh-server-8.0p1-16.el8.x86_64.rpm   1.7 MB/s | 492 kB     00:00
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                           947 kB/s | 1.7 MB     00:01
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transactionPreparing        :                                                        1/1Running scriptlet: openssh-8.0p1-16.el8.x86_64                            1/4Installing       : openssh-8.0p1-16.el8.x86_64                            1/4Installing       : libedit-3.1-23.20170329cvs.el8.x86_64                  2/4Installing       : openssh-clients-8.0p1-16.el8.x86_64                    3/4Running scriptlet: openssh-server-8.0p1-16.el8.x86_64                     4/4Installing       : openssh-server-8.0p1-16.el8.x86_64                     4/4Running scriptlet: openssh-server-8.0p1-16.el8.x86_64                     4/4Verifying        : libedit-3.1-23.20170329cvs.el8.x86_64                  1/4Verifying        : openssh-8.0p1-16.el8.x86_64                            2/4Verifying        : openssh-clients-8.0p1-16.el8.x86_64                    3/4Verifying        : openssh-server-8.0p1-16.el8.x86_64                     4/4Installed:libedit-3.1-23.20170329cvs.el8.x86_64    openssh-8.0p1-16.el8.x86_64openssh-clients-8.0p1-16.el8.x86_64      openssh-server-8.0p1-16.el8.x86_64Complete!
Generating public/private dsa key pair.
Your identification has been saved in /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key.
Your public key has been saved in /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:M6RQtXJ0ZIUQFTmr4L6VESV/a5o6M+WykpkiJ+cIMoc root@21c50551fb82
The key's randomart image is:
+---[DSA 1024]----+
|      ..*=B=.    |
|     . . B+      |
|    . . = .o.    |
|     ..= ... .   |
|     ...S.  o    |
| .    . .=.+     |
|E .  . +ooo      |
|.+o.+ *.=..      |
|  .*...oo*       |
+----[SHA256]-----+
28 files removed
Removing intermediate container 21c50551fb82---> 587e9b935679
Step 4/12 : RUN sed -i 's/^#\(PubkeyAuthentication yes\)/\1/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config &&           echo "StrictHostKeyChecking no" >> /etc/ssh/ssh_config;                 ssh-keygen -t rsa -f /root/.ssh/id_rsa -P '' &&                 cat /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> /root/.ssh/authorized_keys;---> Running in aa037c31e575
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Created directory '/root/.ssh'.
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:z6FY6ztEAvyZWRHe+iLF6pNy3CVFsancUCS81wLcYlA root@aa037c31e575
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 3072]----+
|   .  .=E=+.     |
|    o  .B+oo     |
|     o *o=+.     |
|      *oo=+ .    |
|       oSoo.     |
|       =o*..     |
|     .+++o+      |
|    ..=oo.       |
|     o..oo       |
+----[SHA256]-----+
Removing intermediate container aa037c31e575---> 36c28e11a985
Step 5/12 : RUN dnf -y install net-tools iproute procps;---> Running in a27cd3468aa5
AlmaLinux 8 - BaseOS                            590 kB/s | 2.9 MB     00:04
AlmaLinux 8 - AppStream                         3.1 MB/s | 9.9 MB     00:03
AlmaLinux 8 - Extras                             11 kB/s |  18 kB     00:01
Dependencies resolved.
================================================================================Package         Architecture Version                        Repository    Size
================================================================================
Installing:iproute         x86_64       5.18.0-1.el8                   baseos       807 knet-tools       x86_64       2.0-0.52.20160912git.el8       baseos       321 kprocps-ng       x86_64       3.3.15-9.el8                   baseos       328 k
Installing dependencies:libbpf          x86_64       0.5.0-1.el8                    baseos       136 klibmnl          x86_64       1.0.4-6.el8                    baseos        30 kpsmisc          x86_64       23.1-5.el8                     baseos       150 kTransaction Summary
================================================================================
Install  6 PackagesTotal download size: 1.7 M
Installed size: 5.0 M
Downloading Packages:
(1/6): libmnl-1.0.4-6.el8.x86_64.rpm             88 kB/s |  30 kB     00:00
(2/6): libbpf-0.5.0-1.el8.x86_64.rpm            281 kB/s | 136 kB     00:00
(3/6): net-tools-2.0-0.52.20160912git.el8.x86_6 937 kB/s | 321 kB     00:00
(4/6): iproute-5.18.0-1.el8.x86_64.rpm          1.1 MB/s | 807 kB     00:00
(5/6): procps-ng-3.3.15-9.el8.x86_64.rpm        1.5 MB/s | 328 kB     00:00
(6/6): psmisc-23.1-5.el8.x86_64.rpm             926 kB/s | 150 kB     00:00
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                           510 kB/s | 1.7 MB     00:03
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transactionPreparing        :                                                        1/1Installing       : psmisc-23.1-5.el8.x86_64                               1/6Installing       : libmnl-1.0.4-6.el8.x86_64                              2/6Running scriptlet: libmnl-1.0.4-6.el8.x86_64                              2/6Installing       : libbpf-0.5.0-1.el8.x86_64                              3/6Installing       : iproute-5.18.0-1.el8.x86_64                            4/6Installing       : procps-ng-3.3.15-9.el8.x86_64                          5/6Installing       : net-tools-2.0-0.52.20160912git.el8.x86_64              6/6Running scriptlet: net-tools-2.0-0.52.20160912git.el8.x86_64              6/6Verifying        : iproute-5.18.0-1.el8.x86_64                            1/6Verifying        : libbpf-0.5.0-1.el8.x86_64                              2/6Verifying        : libmnl-1.0.4-6.el8.x86_64                              3/6Verifying        : net-tools-2.0-0.52.20160912git.el8.x86_64              4/6Verifying        : procps-ng-3.3.15-9.el8.x86_64                          5/6Verifying        : psmisc-23.1-5.el8.x86_64                               6/6Installed:iproute-5.18.0-1.el8.x86_64      libbpf-0.5.0-1.el8.x86_64libmnl-1.0.4-6.el8.x86_64        net-tools-2.0-0.52.20160912git.el8.x86_64procps-ng-3.3.15-9.el8.x86_64    psmisc-23.1-5.el8.x86_64Complete!
Removing intermediate container a27cd3468aa5---> 77d12e5c28f6
Step 6/12 : RUN dnf -y install bzip2 wget vim less;---> Running in 2a473b8ea2ac
Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:07 ago on Fri Dec  2 07:35:10 2022.
Package less-530-1.el8.x86_64 is already installed.
Dependencies resolved.
================================================================================Package                   Arch     Version                   Repository   Size
================================================================================
Installing:bzip2                     x86_64   1.0.6-26.el8              baseos       60 kvim-enhanced              x86_64   2:8.0.1763-19.el8_6.4     appstream   1.4 Mwget                      x86_64   1.19.5-10.el8             appstream   733 k
Installing dependencies:gpm-libs                  x86_64   1.20.7-17.el8             appstream    38 klibmetalink               x86_64   0.1.3-7.el8               baseos       32 klibpsl                    x86_64   0.20.2-6.el8              baseos       61 kpublicsuffix-list-dafsa   noarch   20180723-1.el8            baseos       56 kvim-common                x86_64   2:8.0.1763-19.el8_6.4     appstream   6.3 Mvim-filesystem            noarch   2:8.0.1763-19.el8_6.4     appstream    49 kwhich                     x86_64   2.21-18.el8               baseos       48 kTransaction Summary
================================================================================
Install  10 PackagesTotal download size: 8.8 M
Installed size: 33 M
Downloading Packages:
(1/10): libmetalink-0.1.3-7.el8.x86_64.rpm       86 kB/s |  32 kB     00:00
(2/10): libpsl-0.20.2-6.el8.x86_64.rpm          148 kB/s |  61 kB     00:00
(3/10): bzip2-1.0.6-26.el8.x86_64.rpm           142 kB/s |  60 kB     00:00
(4/10): which-2.21-18.el8.x86_64.rpm            388 kB/s |  48 kB     00:00
(5/10): publicsuffix-list-dafsa-20180723-1.el8. 315 kB/s |  56 kB     00:00
(6/10): gpm-libs-1.20.7-17.el8.x86_64.rpm       298 kB/s |  38 kB     00:00
(7/10): vim-filesystem-8.0.1763-19.el8_6.4.noar 308 kB/s |  49 kB     00:00
(8/10): wget-1.19.5-10.el8.x86_64.rpm           1.8 MB/s | 733 kB     00:00
(9/10): vim-enhanced-8.0.1763-19.el8_6.4.x86_64 2.1 MB/s | 1.4 MB     00:00
(10/10): vim-common-8.0.1763-19.el8_6.4.x86_64. 4.9 MB/s | 6.3 MB     00:01
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                           2.0 MB/s | 8.8 MB     00:04
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transactionPreparing        :                                                        1/1Installing       : vim-filesystem-2:8.0.1763-19.el8_6.4.noarch           1/10Installing       : vim-common-2:8.0.1763-19.el8_6.4.x86_64               2/10Installing       : gpm-libs-1.20.7-17.el8.x86_64                         3/10Running scriptlet: gpm-libs-1.20.7-17.el8.x86_64                         3/10Installing       : which-2.21-18.el8.x86_64                              4/10Installing       : publicsuffix-list-dafsa-20180723-1.el8.noarch         5/10Installing       : libpsl-0.20.2-6.el8.x86_64                            6/10Installing       : libmetalink-0.1.3-7.el8.x86_64                        7/10Installing       : wget-1.19.5-10.el8.x86_64                             8/10Running scriptlet: wget-1.19.5-10.el8.x86_64                             8/10Installing       : vim-enhanced-2:8.0.1763-19.el8_6.4.x86_64             9/10Installing       : bzip2-1.0.6-26.el8.x86_64                            10/10Running scriptlet: bzip2-1.0.6-26.el8.x86_64                            10/10Running scriptlet: vim-common-2:8.0.1763-19.el8_6.4.x86_64              10/10Verifying        : bzip2-1.0.6-26.el8.x86_64                             1/10Verifying        : libmetalink-0.1.3-7.el8.x86_64                        2/10Verifying        : libpsl-0.20.2-6.el8.x86_64                            3/10Verifying        : publicsuffix-list-dafsa-20180723-1.el8.noarch         4/10Verifying        : which-2.21-18.el8.x86_64                              5/10Verifying        : gpm-libs-1.20.7-17.el8.x86_64                         6/10Verifying        : vim-common-2:8.0.1763-19.el8_6.4.x86_64               7/10Verifying        : vim-enhanced-2:8.0.1763-19.el8_6.4.x86_64             8/10Verifying        : vim-filesystem-2:8.0.1763-19.el8_6.4.noarch           9/10Verifying        : wget-1.19.5-10.el8.x86_64                            10/10Installed:bzip2-1.0.6-26.el8.x86_64gpm-libs-1.20.7-17.el8.x86_64libmetalink-0.1.3-7.el8.x86_64libpsl-0.20.2-6.el8.x86_64publicsuffix-list-dafsa-20180723-1.el8.noarchvim-common-2:8.0.1763-19.el8_6.4.x86_64vim-enhanced-2:8.0.1763-19.el8_6.4.x86_64vim-filesystem-2:8.0.1763-19.el8_6.4.noarchwget-1.19.5-10.el8.x86_64which-2.21-18.el8.x86_64Complete!
Removing intermediate container 2a473b8ea2ac---> a6a8b4c3d7b3
Step 7/12 : RUN dnf clean all;---> Running in a015ca5f3ef1
28 files removed
Removing intermediate container a015ca5f3ef1---> efa368ed57d9
Step 8/12 : ENV TIMEZONE Asia/Shanghai---> Running in a032f353b151
Removing intermediate container a032f353b151---> bbadda4a968b
Step 9/12 : ENV ROOT_PASSWORD 1234509876---> Running in 02461ca03242
Removing intermediate container 02461ca03242---> c022971e8c5c
Step 10/12 : RUN ln -fs /usr/share/zoneinfo/${TIMEZONE} /etc/localtime;     echo "root:${ROOT_PASSWORD}" | chpasswd;     touch /var/log/lastlog;---> Running in a87f93c9a541
Removing intermediate container a87f93c9a541---> eb9dbb2e914d
Step 11/12 : EXPOSE 22---> Running in 1911fa190244
Removing intermediate container 1911fa190244---> 0f514ea28051
Step 12/12 : ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/sbin/init"]---> Running in 2fabea46bc80
Removing intermediate container 2fabea46bc80---> 2a489e613a1c
Successfully built 2a489e613a1c
Successfully tagged almalinux:S0.1
[image:build almalinux] almalinux Created

查看构建的镜像。

C:\MyDevz\dockerp>docker images
REPOSITORY               TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
almalinux                S0.1      2a489e613a1c   2 hours ago    309MB

3 创建docker-compose.yaml。

version: '3'services:almalinux1:image: "almalinux:S0.1"container_name: almalinux1hostname: almalinux1ports:- "2221:22"#restart: unless-stoppednetworks:network:ipv4_address: 172.99.99.11extra_hosts:- "almalinux2:172.99.99.12"privileged: truealmalinux2:image: "almalinux:S0.1"container_name: almalinux2hostname: almalinux2ports:- "2222:22"#restart: unless-stoppednetworks:network:ipv4_address: 172.99.99.12extra_hosts:- "almalinux1:172.99.99.11"privileged: truenetworks:network:driver: bridgeipam:config:- subnet: 172.99.99.0/24gateway: 172.99.99.1

4 修改dobi.yaml，dobi的任务是用docker-compose.yaml启动镜像，产生两个容器，即这里的compose=almalinux-double，他依赖镜像almalinux。

meta:project: dockerpdefault: createimage=almalinux:image: almalinuxcontext: .dockerfile: Dockerfiletags: - 'S0.1'
#    - '{env.VERSION}'annotations:description: "Build the almalinux image"compose=almalinux-double:files:- docker-compose.ymlproject: 'almalinuxs'depends: [almalinux, almalinux_chrome-idea]annotations:description: "Build the almalinux double"alias=create:tasks: ['almalinux:build', 'almalinux-double:detach']annotations:description: "Create the images and containers"alias=clean:tasks: ['almalinux-double:down', 'almalinux:rm']annotations:description: "Remove the images and containers"

重新运行dobi。

C:\MyDevz\dockerp>dobi
...
...
...
[compose:detach almalinux-double] docker-compose.yml project up
failed to get console mode for stdin: The handle is invalid.
[+] Running 4/4- Network almalinuxs_network       Created                                                                        0.0s- Container almalinux2             Started                                                                        0.8s- Container almalinux1             Started                                                                        1.1s
[compose:detach almalinux-double] docker-compose.yml Done
[alias:run create] Done

查看镜像和容器。

C:\MyDevz\dockerp>docker images
REPOSITORY               TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
almalinux                S0.1      2a489e613a1c   2 hours ago    309MBC:\MyDevz\dockerp>docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                        COMMAND            CREATED       STATUS       PORTS                  NAMES
f38e4b8f92b0   almalinux:S0.1               "/usr/sbin/init"   2 hours ago   Up 2 hours   0.0.0.0:2222->22/tcp   almalinux2
19fda9f16141   almalinux:S0.1               "/usr/sbin/init"   2 hours ago   Up 2 hours   0.0.0.0:2221->22/tcp   almalinux1

ssh进入容器。

二 构建运行Google chrome和Jetbrain idea镜像

在前述SSH镜像的基础上，让我们进一步构建构建运行Google chrome和Jetbrain idea镜像。

1 创建Dockerfile_chrome-idea

FROM almalinux:S0.1
MAINTAINER "LIU Gang"# X11 forward
RUN dnf -y install xorg-x11-xauth && \sed -i 's/^#\(AllowTcpForwarding yes\)/\1/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config# chrome
RUN dnf -y install mesa-dri-drivers mesa-libGL mesa-libEGL wqy-microhei-fonts
ADD google-chrome.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/
ADD linux_signing_key.pub /tmp/
RUN rpm --import linux_signing_key.pub
ADD google-chrome-stable_current_x86_64.rpm /tmp/
RUN dnf -y localinstall /tmp/google-chrome-stable_current_x86_64.rpm && \echo "export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=$(dbus-daemon --session --fork --print-address 1)" >> /root/.bashrc && \echo "alias google-chrome='google-chrome --no-sandbox --disable-dev-shm-usage --disable-gpu --disable-software-rasterizer --ignore-certificate-errors'" >> /root/.bashrc && \rm -f /tmp/google-chrome-stable_current_x86_64.rpm && \rm -f /tmp/linux_signing_key.pub# idea
ADD ideaIC-2022.3.tar.gz /tmp/
WORKDIR /tmp
RUN mv idea-IC-223.7571.182 /usr/local && \ln -sf /usr/local/idea-IC-223.7571.182/bin/idea.sh /usr/local/bin/idea.sh && \rm -rf /tmp/idea-IC-223.7571.182RUN dnf clean all#EXPOSE 22ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/sbin/init"]
#CMD ["/usr/sbin/sshd", "-D", "-e"]

其中，添加google-chrome.repo文件。

[google-chrome]
name=google-chrome
baseurl=http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/rpm/stable/$basearch
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=https://dl-ssl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub

预先下载 linux_signing_key.pub（https://dl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub）和google-chrome-stable_current_x86_64.rpm（https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_x86_64.rpm）以及ideaIC-2022.3.tar.gz（https://download.jetbrains.com/idea/ideaIC-2022.3.tar.gz）。

2 修改docker-compose.yaml，增加运行almalinux_chrome-idea:S0.2

version: '3'services:almalinux1:image: "almalinux:S0.1"container_name: almalinux1hostname: almalinux1ports:- "2221:22"#restart: unless-stoppednetworks:network:ipv4_address: 172.99.99.11extra_hosts:- "almalinux2:172.99.99.12"privileged: truealmalinux2:image: "almalinux:S0.1"container_name: almalinux2hostname: almalinux2ports:- "2222:22"#restart: unless-stoppednetworks:network:ipv4_address: 172.99.99.12extra_hosts:- "almalinux1:172.99.99.11"privileged: truealmalinux_chrome-idea:image: "almalinux_chrome-idea:S0.2"container_name: almalinux_chrome-ideahostname: almalinux-devports:- "2223:22"#restart: unless-stoppednetworks:network:ipv4_address: 172.99.99.19extra_hosts:- "almalinux1:172.99.99.11"- "almalinux2:172.99.99.12"privileged: truenetworks:network:driver: bridgeipam:config:- subnet: 172.99.99.0/24gateway: 172.99.99.1

3 修改dobi.yaml。新镜像almalinux_chrome-idea:S0.2要依赖镜像almalinux:S0.1，并调用docker-compose.yaml启动镜像，产生运行的容器。

meta:project: dockerpdefault: createimage=almalinux:image: almalinuxcontext: .dockerfile: Dockerfiletags: - 'S0.1'
#    - '{env.VERSION}'annotations:description: "Build the almalinux image"image=almalinux_chrome-idea:image: almalinux_chrome-ideacontext: .dockerfile: Dockerfile_chrome-ideadepends: [almalinux]tags: - 'S0.2'
#    - '{env.VERSION}'annotations:description: "Build almalinux chrome & idea image"compose=almalinux-double:files:- docker-compose.ymlproject: 'almalinuxs'depends: [almalinux, almalinux_chrome-idea]annotations:description: "Build the almalinux double"alias=create:tasks: ['almalinux:build', 'almalinux_chrome-idea:build', 'almalinux-double:detach']annotations:description: "Create the images and containers"alias=clean:tasks: ['almalinux-double:down', 'almalinux_chrome-idea:rm', 'almalinux:rm']annotations:description: "Remove the images and containers"

查看结果。

C:\MyDevz\dockerp>docker images
REPOSITORY               TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
almalinux_chrome-idea    S0.2      2e24aaaaacfb   2 hours ago    6.94GB
almalinux                S0.1      2a489e613a1c   2 hours ago    309MBC:\MyDevz\dockerp>docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                        COMMAND            CREATED       STATUS       PORTS                  NAMES
f38e4b8f92b0   almalinux:S0.1               "/usr/sbin/init"   2 hours ago   Up 2 hours   0.0.0.0:2222->22/tcp   almalinux2
19fda9f16141   almalinux:S0.1               "/usr/sbin/init"   2 hours ago   Up 2 hours   0.0.0.0:2221->22/tcp   almalinux1
a8f60a1d85b4   almalinux_chrome-idea:S0.2   "/usr/sbin/init"   2 hours ago   Up 2 hours   0.0.0.0:2223->22/tcp   almalinux_chrome-idea

 开启ssh终端。

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