python文件下载战_在您的Python平台游戏中放一些战利品

python文件下载战

这是正在进行的有关使用Pygame模块在Python 3中创建视频游戏的系列的一部分。以前的文章是：

通过构建一个简单的骰子游戏，学习如何用Python编程
使用Pygame模块使用Python构建游戏框架
如何将玩家添加到您的Python游戏中
使用Pygame移动游戏角色
没有小人的英雄是什么？如何在您的Python游戏中添加一个
将平台放入您的Python平台器中
在Python游戏中模拟重力
将跳跃添加到您的Python平台游戏
使您的Python游戏玩家可以向前和向后运行

如果您已阅读本系列的前几篇文章，那么您将了解视频游戏机制编程的所有基础知识。您可以基于这些基础知识来创建自己的全功能视频游戏。当您初次学习时，遵循本系列代码示例中的“食谱”会很有帮助，但是最终，食谱成为一种约束。现在是时候使用您所学的原理并以新的方式应用它们了。

如果说起来容易做起来难，那么本文将演示一个示例，说明如何利用您已经知道的东西来实现新目的。具体来说，它涵盖了如何实施掠夺系统

在大多数视频游戏中，您都有机会“掠夺”或收集游戏世界中的宝物和其他物品。战利品通常会增加您的得分或您的健康状况，或者提供导致您进行下一个任务的信息。

在游戏中包含战利品类似于编程平台。与平台一样，战利品没有用户控件，无法滚动游戏世界，并且必须检查是否与玩家精灵冲突。

创建战利品功能

Loot与平台非常相似，您甚至不需要Loot类。您可以仅重用Platform类并调用结果战利品。

由于战利品的类型和位置可能因级别而异，所以如果您还没有的话，请在您的Level类中创建一个名为loot的新函数。由于战利品不是平台，因此您还必须创建一个新的loot_list组，然后向其中添加战利品对象。与平台，地面和敌人一样，检查碰撞时将使用此组：

def loot ( lvl , lloc ) :

        if lvl == 1 :

        loot_list = pygame. sprite . Group ( )

        loot = Platform ( 300 , ty* 7 , tx , ty , 'loot_1.png' )

        loot_list. add ( loot )

if lvl == 2 : print ( lvl )

return loot_list

您可以根据需要添加任意数量的战利品。只要记住将每个添加到您的战利品清单。 Platform类的参数是战利品精灵的X位置，Y位置，宽度和高度（通常最容易使战利品精灵保持与其他所有图块相同的大小），以及要用作战利品的图像。战利品的放置可能与映射平台一样复杂，因此请使用在创建关卡时创建的关卡设计文档。

在脚本的“ 设置”部分中调用新的战利品功能。在以下代码中，前三行用于上下文，因此只需添加第四行：

enemy_list = Level. bad ( 1 , eloc )

        ground_list = Level. ground ( 1 , gloc , tx , ty )

        plat_list = Level. platform ( 1 , tx , ty )

        loot_list = Level. loot ( 1 , tx , ty )

如您现在所知，除非您将其包含在主循环中，否则战利品不会被吸引到屏幕上。将以下代码示例的最后一行添加到循环中：

enemy_list. draw ( world )

        ground_list. draw ( world )

        plat_list. draw ( world )

        loot_list. draw ( world )

启动游戏，看看会发生什么。

生成了战利品，但是当玩家遇到战利品时它们什么也不做，当玩家经过它们时它们也不会滚动。接下来解决这些问题。

`滚动战利品`

像平台一样，战利品必须在玩家穿越游戏世界时滚动。逻辑与平台滚动相同。要向前滚动战利品，请添加最后两行：

for e in enemy_list:

        e. rect . x - = scroll

        for l in loot_list:

        l. rect . x - = scroll

要向后滚动，请添加最后两行：

for e in enemy_list:

        e. rect . x + = scroll

        for l in loot_list:

        l. rect . x + = scroll

再次启动游戏，以查看战利品对象现在的行为就像它们在游戏世界中一样，而不是仅仅绘制在游戏之上。

`检测碰撞`

与平台和敌人一样，您可以检查战利品和玩家之间的碰撞。逻辑与其他碰撞相同，除了碰撞不会（必要）影响重力或健康。相反，命中会导致战利品消失并增加玩家的得分。

当玩家触摸战利品时，可以从loot_list中删除该物。这意味着当您的主循环重绘了loot_list中的所有战利品时，它不会重绘该特定对象，因此看起来玩家已经抓住了战利品。

在Player类的update函数中，在平台冲突检测上方添加以下代码（最后一行仅用于上下文）：

loot_hit_list = pygame. sprite . spritecollide ( self , loot_list , False )

        for loot in loot_hit_list:

        loot_list. remove ( loot )

        self . score + = 1

        print ( self . score )

plat_hit_list = pygame. sprite . spritecollide ( self , plat_list , False )

发生冲突时，您不仅会从战利品对象组中删除战利品对象，还会使玩家获得得分上的提升。您尚未创建得分变量，因此将其添加到在Player类的__init__函数中创建的玩家属性中。在下面的代码中，前两行是针对上下文的，因此只需添加score变量：

self . frame = 0

        self . health = 10

        self . score = 0

在主循环中调用update函数时，请包含loot_list ：

player. gravity ( )

        player. update ( )

如您所见，您已经掌握了所有基础知识。您现在要做的就是以新的方式使用您所知道的。

下一篇文章中还有其他一些技巧，但是与此同时，请使用您所学的知识来制作一些简单的单级游戏。限制您尝试创建的内容的范围很重要，这样您就不会感到不知所措。这也使得最终更容易获得外观和感觉完好的成品。

到目前为止，这是您为该Python平台编写的所有代码：

#!/usr/bin/env python3

        # draw a world

        # add a player and player control

        # add player movement

        # add enemy and basic collision

        # add platform

        # add gravity

        # add jumping

        # add scrolling

# GNU All-Permissive License # Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification, # are permitted in any medium without royalty provided the copyright # notice and this notice are preserved. This file is offered as-is, # without any warranty.

import pygame import sys import os

''' Objects '''

class Platform ( pygame. sprite . Sprite ) : # x location, y location, img width, img height, img file def __init__ ( self , xloc , yloc , imgw , imgh , img ) : pygame. sprite . Sprite . __init__ ( self ) self . image = pygame. image . load ( os . path . join ( 'images' , img ) ) . convert ( ) self . image . convert_alpha ( ) self . rect = self . image . get_rect ( ) self . rect . y = yloc self . rect . x = xloc

class Player ( pygame. sprite . Sprite ) : ''' Spawn a player ''' def __init__ ( self ) : pygame. sprite . Sprite . __init__ ( self ) self . movex = 0 self . movey = 0 self . frame = 0 self . health = 10 self . collide_delta = 0 self . jump_delta = 6 self . score = 1 self . images = [ ] for i in range ( 1 , 9 ) : img = pygame. image . load ( os . path . join ( 'images' , 'hero' + str ( i ) + '.png' ) ) . convert ( ) img. convert_alpha ( ) img. set_colorkey ( ALPHA ) self . images . append ( img ) self . image = self . images [ 0 ] self . rect = self . image . get_rect ( )

def jump ( self , platform_list ) : self . jump_delta = 0

def gravity ( self ) : self . movey + = 3.2 # how fast player falls

if self . rect . y > worldy and self . movey >= 0 : self . movey = 0 self . rect . y = worldy-ty

def control ( self , x , y ) : ''' control player movement ''' self . movex + = x self . movey + = y

def update ( self ) : ''' Update sprite position '''

self . rect . x = self . rect . x + self . movex self . rect . y = self . rect . y + self . movey

# moving left if self . movex < 0 : self . frame + = 1 if self . frame > ani* 3 : self . frame = 0 self . image = self . images [ self . frame //ani ]

# moving right if self . movex > 0 : self . frame + = 1 if self . frame > ani* 3 : self . frame = 0 self . image = self . images [ ( self . frame //ani ) + 4 ]

# collisions enemy_hit_list = pygame. sprite . spritecollide ( self , enemy_list , False ) for enemy in enemy_hit_list: self . health - = 1 #print(self.health)

loot_hit_list = pygame. sprite . spritecollide ( self , loot_list , False ) for loot in loot_hit_list: loot_list. remove ( loot ) self . score + = 1 print ( self . score )

plat_hit_list = pygame. sprite . spritecollide ( self , plat_list , False ) for p in plat_hit_list: self . collide_delta = 0 # stop jumping self . movey = 0 if self . rect . y > p. rect . y : self . rect . y = p. rect . y +ty else : self . rect . y = p. rect . y -ty

ground_hit_list = pygame. sprite . spritecollide ( self , ground_list , False ) for g in ground_hit_list: self . movey = 0 self . rect . y = worldy-ty-ty self . collide_delta = 0 # stop jumping if self . rect . y > g. rect . y : self . health - = 1 print ( self . health )

if self . collide_delta < 6 and self . jump_delta < 6 : self . jump_delta = 6 * 2 self . movey - = 33 # how high to jump self . collide_delta + = 6 self . jump_delta + = 6

class Enemy ( pygame. sprite . Sprite ) : ''' Spawn an enemy ''' def __init__ ( self , x , y , img ) : pygame. sprite . Sprite . __init__ ( self ) self . image = pygame. image . load ( os . path . join ( 'images' , img ) ) self . movey = 0 #self.image.convert_alpha() #self.image.set_colorkey(ALPHA) self . rect = self . image . get_rect ( ) self . rect . x = x self . rect . y = y self . counter = 0

def move ( self ) : ''' enemy movement ''' distance = 80 speed = 8

self . movey + = 3.2

if self . counter >= 0 and self . counter <= distance: self . rect . x + = speed elif self . counter >= distance and self . counter <= distance* 2 : self . rect . x - = speed else : self . counter = 0

self . counter + = 1

if not self . rect . y >= worldy-ty-ty: self . rect . y + = self . movey

plat_hit_list = pygame. sprite . spritecollide ( self , plat_list , False ) for p in plat_hit_list: self . movey = 0 if self . rect . y > p. rect . y : self . rect . y = p. rect . y +ty else : self . rect . y = p. rect . y -ty

ground_hit_list = pygame. sprite . spritecollide ( self , ground_list , False ) for g in ground_hit_list: self . rect . y = worldy-ty-ty

class Level ( ) : def bad ( lvl , eloc ) : if lvl == 1 : enemy = Enemy ( eloc [ 0 ] , eloc [ 1 ] , 'yeti.png' ) # spawn enemy enemy_list = pygame. sprite . Group ( ) # create enemy group enemy_list. add ( enemy ) # add enemy to group

if lvl == 2 : print ( "Level " + str ( lvl ) )

return enemy_list

def loot ( lvl , tx , ty ) : if lvl == 1 : loot_list = pygame. sprite . Group ( ) loot = Platform ( 200 , ty* 7 , tx , ty , 'loot_1.png' ) loot_list. add ( loot )

if lvl == 2 : print ( lvl )

return loot_list

def ground ( lvl , gloc , tx , ty ) : ground_list = pygame. sprite . Group ( ) i = 0 if lvl == 1 : while i < len ( gloc ) : ground = Platform ( gloc [ i ] , worldy-ty , tx , ty , 'ground.png' ) ground_list. add ( ground ) i = i+ 1

if lvl == 2 : print ( "Level " + str ( lvl ) )

return ground_list

def platform ( lvl , tx , ty ) : plat_list = pygame. sprite . Group ( ) ploc = [ ] i = 0 if lvl == 1 : ploc. append ( ( 20 , worldy-ty- 128 , 3 ) ) ploc. append ( ( 300 , worldy-ty- 256 , 3 ) ) ploc. append ( ( 500 , worldy-ty- 128 , 4 ) )

while i < len ( ploc ) : j = 0 while j <= ploc [ i ] [ 2 ] : plat = Platform ( ( ploc [ i ] [ 0 ] + ( j*tx ) ) , ploc [ i ] [ 1 ] , tx , ty , 'ground.png' ) plat_list. add ( plat ) j = j+ 1 print ( 'run' + str ( i ) + str ( ploc [ i ] ) ) i = i+ 1

if lvl == 2 : print ( "Level " + str ( lvl ) )

return plat_list

''' Setup ''' worldx = 960 worldy = 720

fps = 40 # frame rate ani = 4 # animation cycles clock = pygame. time . Clock ( ) pygame. init ( ) main = True

BLUE = ( 25 , 25 , 200 ) BLACK = ( 23 , 23 , 23 ) WHITE = ( 254 , 254 , 254 ) ALPHA = ( 0 , 255 , 0 )

world = pygame. display . set_mode ( [ worldx , worldy ] ) backdrop = pygame. image . load ( os . path . join ( 'images' , 'stage.png' ) ) . convert ( ) backdropbox = world. get_rect ( ) player = Player ( ) # spawn player player. rect . x = 0 player. rect . y = 0 player_list = pygame. sprite . Group ( ) player_list. add ( player ) steps = 10 forwardx = 600 backwardx = 230

eloc = [ ] eloc = [ 200 , 20 ] gloc = [ ] #gloc = [0,630,64,630,128,630,192,630,256,630,320,630,384,630] tx = 64 #tile size ty = 64 #tile size

i = 0 while i <= ( worldx/tx ) +tx: gloc. append ( i*tx ) i = i+ 1

enemy_list = Level. bad ( 1 , eloc ) ground_list = Level. ground ( 1 , gloc , tx , ty ) plat_list = Level. platform ( 1 , tx , ty ) loot_list = Level. loot ( 1 , tx , ty )

''' Main loop ''' while main == True : for event in pygame. event . get ( ) : if event. type == pygame. QUIT : pygame. quit ( ) ; sys . exit ( ) main = False

if event. type == pygame. KEYDOWN : if event. key == pygame. K_LEFT or event. key == ord ( 'a' ) : print ( "LEFT" ) player. control ( -steps , 0 ) if event. key == pygame. K_RIGHT or event. key == ord ( 'd' ) : print ( "RIGHT" ) player. control ( steps , 0 ) if event. key == pygame. K_UP or event. key == ord ( 'w' ) : print ( 'jump' )

if event. type == pygame. KEYUP : if event. key == pygame. K_LEFT or event. key == ord ( 'a' ) : player. control ( steps , 0 ) if event. key == pygame. K_RIGHT or event. key == ord ( 'd' ) : player. control ( -steps , 0 ) if event. key == pygame. K_UP or event. key == ord ( 'w' ) : player. jump ( plat_list )

if event. key == ord ( 'q' ) : pygame. quit ( ) sys . exit ( ) main = False

# scroll the world forward if player. rect . x >= forwardx: scroll = player. rect . x - forwardx player. rect . x = forwardx for p in plat_list: p. rect . x - = scroll for e in enemy_list: e. rect . x - = scroll for l in loot_list: l. rect . x - = scroll

# scroll the world backward if player. rect . x <= backwardx: scroll = backwardx - player. rect . x player. rect . x = backwardx for p in plat_list: p. rect . x + = scroll for e in enemy_list: e. rect . x + = scroll for l in loot_list: l. rect . x + = scroll

world. blit ( backdrop , backdropbox ) player. gravity ( ) # check gravity player. update ( ) player_list. draw ( world ) #refresh player position enemy_list. draw ( world ) # refresh enemies ground_list. draw ( world ) # refresh enemies plat_list. draw ( world ) # refresh platforms loot_list. draw ( world ) # refresh loot

for e in enemy_list: e. move ( ) pygame. display . flip ( ) clock. tick ( fps )

翻译自: https://opensource.com/article/20/1/loot-python-platformer-game

python文件下载战