matlab 图像的灰度值翻转

简单的灰度图像可以通过

InbertIm('example.jpg');

实现灰度翻转，简单说就是白变黑，黑变白。

可以自动侦测图像bit数，还有灰度范围。

function [invIm]=InvertIm(im, varargin)

% InvertIm generalized image inversion (grayscale reversal)

% invIm=InvertIm(im) inverts an image array im in the sense of reversing

% its grayscale (NOT matrix inversion). InvertIm effects the inversion

% by computing new image data rather than by reversing the colormap or

% look-up-table (LUT), which is often, but not always, a better

% approach. im can be an array of any dimension composed of numeric or

% binary elements (integers [uint8, int8, uint16, int16, etc.], floating

% point [double or single], or logical). The result invIm is the same

% data class as im.

% For numeric arrays, the inverse is computed using

% invIm = (maxVal + minVal) - im

% with appropriate treatment of the different data types. For integer

% arrays, minVal and maxVal are the minimum and maximum allowed

% integers. For floating point arrays, if the image data lie within the

% range [0,1], the inversion is performed with default minVal and maxVal

% of 0 and 1. If the image data lie outside [0,1], then the minimum and

% maxmimum values of the data are used for minVal and maxVal.

% Invert(im, bitsStored) returns the inverse of the image im using a

% maxVal of 2^bitsStored. This option is convenient when inverting

% images with a limited dynamic range, e.g., when you have a 16-bit

% image that only uses the first 12 bits of data. This option is only

% applicable to integer data.

% invIm=Invert(im, [], lowerLimit) returns the inverse of the image im

% using a minVal of lowerLimit. This option is useful, for example,

% when inverting signed integer image data that is only positive.

% invIm=Invert(im, [], [], upperLimit) returns the inverse of the image

% im using a maxVal of upperLimit.

% All three optional arguments may be used together (e.g.,

% invIm=Invert(im, bitsStored, lowerLimit, upperLimit)), but upperLimit

% will supercede bitsStored.

% Example:

% im=imread('cameraman.tif'); % Brigg's field at MIT

% fig=figure; colormap(gray)

% subplot(2,2,1)

% subimage(im)

% axis off

% subplot(2,2,2)

% imhist(im)

% ylabel('Number of Pixels')

% invIm=InvertIm(im);

% subplot(2,2,3)

% subimage(invIm)

% axis off

% subplot(2,2,4)

% imhist(invIm)

% ylabel('Number of Pixels')

% See also colormap

% Written by Stead Kiger, Ph.D.

% Department of Radiation Oncology

% Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center

% Harvard Medical School

% Boston, MA 02215

% Last revised on April 11, 2007

% Initialize parameters

bitsStored=[];

lowerLimit=[];

upperLimit=[];

% Assign and check optional arguments for parameters

error(nargchk(1, 4, nargin, 'struct'))

% bitsStored

if nargin >= 2,

bitsStored=varargin{1};

if ~(isnumeric(bitsStored) || isempty(bitsStored)),

error('Optional argument bitsStored must be either numeric or empty.')

end

% lowerLimit

if nargin >= 3,

lowerLimit=varargin{2};

if ~(isnumeric(lowerLimit) || isempty(lowerLimit)),

error('Optional argument lowerLimit must be either numeric or empty.')

end

% upperLimit

if nargin == 4,

upperLimit=varargin{3};

if ~(isnumeric(upperLimit) || isempty(upperLimit)),

error('Optional argument upperLimit must be either numeric or empty.')

end

% Check that the image array is either numeric or logical

if ~(islogical(im) || isnumeric(im)),

error('Input array must be logical or numeric, but is %s',class(im))

end

if islogical(im),

% logical - just apply not

invIm=~im;

else

% determine the image class, i.e., data type; e.g., uint8, int16 etc.

imClass=class(im);

% create the function handle for casting the double precision image back

% into its original class

clsHdl=str2func(imClass);

if isinteger(im),

% get the minimum integer

minVal=double(intmin(imClass));

if ~isempty(lowerLimit),

minVal=double(max(minVal, lowerLimit));

end

% get the maximum integer

maxVal=double(intmax(imClass));

if ~isempty(bitsStored),

maxVal=double(min(maxVal, 2^bitsStored - 1));

end

if ~isempty(upperLimit),

maxVal=min(maxVal, upperLimit);

end

elseif isfloat(im)

imMin=min(im(:));

imMax=max(im(:));

if imMin >= 0 && imMax <= 1,

% Intensity image or RGB

minVal=0;

maxVal=1;

else

minVal=imMin;

maxVal=imMax;

end

if ~isempty(lowerLimit),

minVal=lowerLimit;

end

if ~isempty(upperLimit),

maxVal=upperLimit;

end

else

error('Input array must be logical or numeric, but is %s',class(im))

end

% Compute the inverse and cast the array back into its original class

invIm = feval(clsHdl, (maxVal + minVal) - double(im));

end

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