文章目录

  • 一、数据的操作
    • 1.插入数据
      • 1）不指定具体字段名
      • 2）列出指定字段
      • 3）同时插入多条记录
      • 4）通过SET 插入记录
      • 5）将查询结果输入到表中
    • 2.更新数据
    • 3.删除数据

一、数据的操作

1.插入数据

1）不指定具体字段名

mysql> -- 测试插入记录 INSERT
mysql> CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS user(-> id TINYINT UNSIGNED AUTO_INCREMENT KEY,-> username VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL UNIQUE,-> password CHAR(32) NOT NULL,-> email VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL DEFAULT '857335332@qq.com',-> age TINYINT UNSIGNED DEFAULT 18-> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)mysql> DESC user;
+----------+---------------------+------+-----+------------------+----------------+
| Field    | Type                | Null | Key | Default          | Extra          |
+----------+---------------------+------+-----+------------------+----------------+
| id       | tinyint(3) unsigned | NO   | PRI | NULL             | auto_increment |
| username | varchar(20)         | NO   | UNI | NULL             |                |
| password | char(32)            | NO   |     | NULL             |                |
| email    | varchar(50)         | NO   |     | 857335332@qq.com |                |
| age      | tinyint(3) unsigned | YES  |     | 18               |                |
+----------+---------------------+------+-----+------------------+----------------+
5 rows in set (0.01 sec）

 # 不指定具体字段名
mysql> INSERT INTO user VALUES(1,'liujie','liujie','857335332@qq.com',20);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)mysql> SELECT * FROM user;
+----+----------+----------+------------------+------+
| id | username | password | email            | age  |
+----+----------+----------+------------------+------+
|  1 | liujie   | liujie   | 857335332@qq.com |   20 |
+----+----------+----------+------------------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

2）列出指定字段

mysql> -- 列出指定字段
mysql> INSERT user(username,password) VALUES('A','AAAA');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)mysql>
mysql> INSERT user(password,username) VALUES('BBBB','B');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)mysql> SELECT * FROM user;
+----+----------+----------+------------------+------+
| id | username | password | email            | age  |
+----+----------+----------+------------------+------+
|  1 | liujie   | liujie   | 857335332@qq.com |   20 |
|  2 | A        | AAAA     | 857335332@qq.com |   18 |
|  3 | B        | BBBB     | 857335332@qq.com |   18 |
+----+----------+----------+------------------+------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

3）同时插入多条记录

mysql> -- 同时插入多条记录
mysql> INSERT user VALUES(6,'D','DDD','DDDDD',18),-> (8,'E','EEE','EEEEE',9);
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Records: 2  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0mysql> SELECT * FROM user;
+----+----------+----------+------------------+------+
| id | username | password | email            | age  |
+----+----------+----------+------------------+------+
|  1 | liujie   | liujie   | 857335332@qq.com |   20 |
|  2 | A        | AAAA     | 857335332@qq.com |   18 |
|  3 | B        | BBBB     | 857335332@qq.com |   18 |
|  6 | D        | DDD      | DDDDD            |   18 |
|  8 | E        | EEE      | EEEEE            |    9 |
+----+----------+----------+------------------+------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec

4）通过SET 插入记录

mysql> -- 通过SET 形式插入记录
mysql> INSERT INTO user SET id=98,username='king',password='this is king',email='15731084064@163.com',age=48;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)mysql> SELECT * FROM user;
+----+----------+--------------+---------------------+------+
| id | username | password     | email               | age  |
+----+----------+--------------+---------------------+------+
|  1 | liujie   | liujie       | 857335332@qq.com    |   20 |
|  2 | A        | AAAA         | 857335332@qq.com    |   18 |
|  3 | B        | BBBB         | 857335332@qq.com    |   18 |
|  6 | D        | DDD          | DDDDD               |   18 |
|  8 | E        | EEE          | EEEEE               |    9 |
| 98 | king     | this is king | 15731084064@163.com |   48 |
+----+----------+--------------+---------------------+------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

5）将查询结果输入到表中

mysql> -- 将查询结果插入表中
mysql> INSERT testUSER SELECT id,username FROM user;
Query OK, 6 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 6  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0mysql> SELECT * FROM testUSER;
+----+----------+
| id | username |
+----+----------+
|  2 | A        |
|  3 | B        |
|  6 | D        |
|  8 | E        |
| 98 | king     |
|  1 | liujie   |
+----+----------+

mysql> -- 创建一个表
mysql> CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS testUSER(-> id TINYINT UNSIGNED AUTO_INCREMENT KEY,-> username VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL UNIQUE-> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)mysql> -- 将查询结果插入表中
mysql> INSERT testUSER SELECT id,username FROM user;
Query OK, 6 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 6  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0mysql> SELECT * FROM testUSER;
+----+----------+
| id | username |
+----+----------+
|  2 | A        |
|  3 | B        |
|  6 | D        |
|  8 | E        |
| 98 | king     |
|  1 | liujie   |
+----+----------+

2.更新数据

mysql> SELECT * FROM user;
+----+----------+--------------+---------------------+------+
| id | username | password     | email               | age  |
+----+----------+--------------+---------------------+------+
|  1 | liujie   | liujie       | 857335332@qq.com    |   20 |
|  2 | A        | AAAA         | 857335332@qq.com    |   18 |
|  3 | B        | BBBB         | 857335332@qq.com    |   18 |
|  6 | D        | DDD          | DDDDD               |   18 |
|  8 | E        | EEE          | EEEEE               |    9 |
| 98 | king     | this is king | 15731084064@163.com |   48 |
+----+----------+--------------+---------------------+------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql> -- 更新数据-将用户表中所有用户年龄更新为15岁
mysql> UPDATE user SET age=15;
Query OK, 6 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 6  Changed: 6  Warnings: 0mysql> SELECT * FROM user;
+----+----------+--------------+---------------------+------+
| id | username | password     | email               | age  |
+----+----------+--------------+---------------------+------+
|  1 | liujie   | liujie       | 857335332@qq.com    |   15 |
|  2 | A        | AAAA         | 857335332@qq.com    |   15 |
|  3 | B        | BBBB         | 857335332@qq.com    |   15 |
|  6 | D        | DDD          | DDDDD               |   15 |
|  8 | E        | EEE          | EEEEE               |   15 |
| 98 | king     | this is king | 15731084064@163.com |   15 |
+----+----------+--------------+---------------------+------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql> -- 更新多个
mysql> UPDATE user SET age=20,email='test@qq.com';
Query OK, 6 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 6  Changed: 6  Warnings: 0mysql> SELECT * FROM user;
+----+----------+--------------+-------------+------+
| id | username | password     | email       | age  |
+----+----------+--------------+-------------+------+
|  1 | liujie   | liujie       | test@qq.com |   20 |
|  2 | A        | AAAA         | test@qq.com |   20 |
|  3 | B        | BBBB         | test@qq.com |   20 |
|  6 | D        | DDD          | test@qq.com |   20 |
|  8 | E        | EEE          | test@qq.com |   20 |
| 98 | king     | this is king | test@qq.com |   20 |
+----+----------+--------------+-------------+------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> -- 更新符合条件的
mysql> -- 将第一条记录的password,email,age
mysql> UPDATE user SET password='king',email='king@qq.com',age=99-> WHERE id =1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0mysql> SELECT * FROM user;
+----+----------+--------------+-------------+------+
| id | username | password     | email       | age  |
+----+----------+--------------+-------------+------+
|  1 | liujie   | king         | king@qq.com |   99 |
|  2 | A        | AAAA         | test@qq.com |   20 |
|  3 | B        | BBBB         | test@qq.com |   20 |
|  6 | D        | DDD          | test@qq.com |   20 |
|  8 | E        | EEE          | test@qq.com |   20 |
| 98 | king     | this is king | test@qq.com |   20 |
+----+----------+--------------+-------------+------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> -- 添加表达式
mysql> UPDATE user SET age=age-5 WHERE id>=3;
Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 4  Changed: 4  Warnings: 0mysql> SELECT * FROM user;
+----+----------+--------------+-------------+------+
| id | username | password     | email       | age  |
+----+----------+--------------+-------------+------+
|  1 | liujie   | king         | king@qq.com |   99 |
|  2 | A        | AAAA         | test@qq.com |   20 |
|  3 | B        | BBBB         | test@qq.com |   15 |
|  6 | D        | DDD          | test@qq.com |   15 |
|  8 | E        | EEE          | test@qq.com |   15 |
| 98 | king     | this is king | test@qq.com |   15 |
+----+----------+--------------+-------------+------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

3.删除数据

mysql> SELECT * FROM testUSER;
+----+----------+
| id | username |
+----+----------+
|  2 | A        |
|  3 | B        |
|  6 | D        |
|  8 | E        |
| 98 | king     |
|  1 | liujie   |
+----+----------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)DELETE FROM testUSER' at line 1
mysql> -- 删除testUSER表中的记录
mysql> DELETE FROM testUSER;
Query OK, 6 rows affected (0.01 sec)mysql> SELECT * FROM testUSER;
Empty set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT * FROM user;
+----+----------+--------------+-------------+------+
| id | username | password     | email       | age  |
+----+----------+--------------+-------------+------+
|  1 | liujie   | king         | king@qq.com |   99 |
|  2 | A        | AAAA         | test@qq.com |   20 |
|  3 | B        | BBBB         | test@qq.com |   15 |
|  6 | D        | DDD          | test@qq.com |   15 |
|  8 | E        | EEE          | test@qq.com |   15 |
| 98 | king     | this is king | test@qq.com |   15 |
+----+----------+--------------+-------------+------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql> -- 删除符合条件的，删除user表中id为1的用户
mysql> DELETE FROM user WHERE id=1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)mysql> SELECT * FROM user;
+----+----------+--------------+-------------+------+
| id | username | password     | email       | age  |
+----+----------+--------------+-------------+------+
|  2 | A        | AAAA         | test@qq.com |   20 |
|  3 | B        | BBBB         | test@qq.com |   15 |
|  6 | D        | DDD          | test@qq.com |   15 |
|  8 | E        | EEE          | test@qq.com |   15 |
| 98 | king     | this is king | test@qq.com |   15 |
+----+----------+--------------+-------------+------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

用DELETE删除时，并没有重置AUTO_INCREMENT的值

mysql> DELETE FROM user;
Query OK, 5 rows affected (0.01 sec)mysql> SELECT * FROM user;
Empty set (0.00 sec)mysql> INSERT user(username,password) VALUES('A','AAAA');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)mysql> SELECT * FROM user;
+----+----------+----------+------------------+------+
| id | username | password | email            | age  |
+----+----------+----------+------------------+------+
| 99 | A        | AAAA     | 857335332@qq.com |   18 |
+----+----------+----------+------------------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)mysql> SHOW CREATE TABLE user;
+-------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Table | Create Table                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
+-------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| user  | CREATE TABLE `user` (`id` tinyint(3) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,`username` varchar(20) NOT NULL,`password` char(32) NOT NULL,`email` varchar(50) NOT NULL DEFAULT '857335332@qq.com',`age` tinyint(3) unsigned DEFAULT '18',PRIMARY KEY (`id`),UNIQUE KEY `username` (`username`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=100 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 |
+-------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)# 重置自增长值
mysql> ALTER TABLE user AUTO_INCREMENT=1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0mysql> INSERT user(username,password) VALUES('B','AAAA');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)mysql> SELECT * FROM user;
+----+----------+----------+------------------+------+
| id | username | password | email            | age  |
+----+----------+----------+------------------+------+
|  1 | B        | AAAA     | 857335332@qq.com |   18 |
+----+----------+----------+------------------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

彻底清空数据表

mysql> -- 彻底清空数据表
mysql> TRUNCATE TABLE user;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)mysql> SELECT * FROM user;
Empty set (0.00 sec)mysql> INSERT user(username,password) VALUES('B','AAAA');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 se

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