import os,sys,shutil
from os import path

def findandreplace(src,dest):
srcfiles = os.listdir(src)
destfilesdict = {}
#处理目标路径下(含子目录下)的所有文件
for root,dirs,files in os.walk(dest):
# 记录每个文件名所在的路径,多个同名文件则会有多个不同路径.
# 这样就生成了文件名到文件所在路径的一个倒排索引
for onefile in files:
# 若该文件名的键值还未创建则先创建
if onefile not in destfilesdict:
destfilesdict[onefile] = []
destfilesdict[onefile] += [root]
multisamename = []; # 存储目标目录及其子目录下有多个同名文件的文件名
for srcfile in srcfiles:
fullsrcfile = os.path.join(src,srcfile)
if os.path.isfile(fullsrcfile):
if srcfile in destfilesdict:
if len(destfilesdict[srcfile])>1:
multisamename += [srcfile]
else:
# 有且只有唯一的一个同名文件,那么肯定是要替换的那个
shutil.copy(fullsrcfile,destfilesdict[srcfile][0]+'/'+srcfile)
print srcfile + ' replace success.'
print 'following files has more than one in dest directory, replace skipped.'
print '\n'.join(multisamename);

if __name__ == "__main__":
args = sys.argv
if len(args) > 2:
src = args[1]
dest = args[2]
print "all files under the "+dest+\
"(including the subdirectory) will be replaced by the files under " +\
src+" where they have the same name."
if raw_input('Sure(y/n?): ') == 'y':
findandreplace(src,dest)
else:
print "Not enough arguments!"

import os,sys
import shutil
import findandreplace

rootdir = 'd:/test/'
testsrcdir = 'testsrc'
testdestdir = 'testdest'
testfile = { 'notexist' : ['001','002','003','004','005'], # 替换目标不存在的文件
'onlyone' : ['101','102','103','104','105'], # 有唯一对应的文件存在的
'morethanone':['201','202','203','204','205']} # 多于一个同名存在的
testfileext = '.txt'
# clear old test files
shutil.rmtree(os.path.join(rootdir,testsrcdir),True)
shutil.rmtree(os.path.join(rootdir,testdestdir),True)
# generate src files
os.makedirs(os.path.join(rootdir,testsrcdir))
for key,values in testfile.iteritems():
for filestr in values:
srcfile = open(os.path.join(rootdir,testsrcdir,filestr+testfileext),'w')
srcfile.write(filestr+'srcfile')
srcfile.close()
# generate dest files
os.makedirs(os.path.join(rootdir,testdestdir))
for key,values in testfile.iteritems():
if key == 'notexist':
pass
elif key == 'onlyone':
for filestr in values:
newdir = os.path.join(rootdir,testdestdir,filestr)
os.makedirs(newdir)
srcfile = open(os.path.join(newdir,filestr+testfileext),'w')
srcfile.write(filestr+'destfile')
srcfile.close()
elif key=='morethanone':
for filestr in values:
newdir = os.path.join(rootdir,testdestdir,filestr)
os.makedirs(newdir)
srcfile = open(os.path.join(newdir,filestr+testfileext),'w')
srcfile.write(filestr+'destfile')
srcfile.close()
srcfile = open(os.path.join(rootdir,testdestdir,filestr+testfileext),'w')
srcfile.write(filestr+'destfile')
srcfile.close()

findandreplace.findandreplace(os.path.join(rootdir,testsrcdir),os.path.join(rootdir,testdestdir))