经典Java练习题 Mars Rover
2024-05-12 04:05:02
假想你在火星探索团队中负责软件开发。现在你要给登陆火星的探索小车编写控制程序，根据地球发送的控制指令来控制火星车的行动。
火星车收到的指令分为：
初始化信息：火星车的降落地点（x, y）和朝向（N, S, E, W）信息；
移动指令：火星车可以前进（M）,一次移动X格；
移动指令：火星车可以前进（B）,一次移动X格；
转向指令：火星车可以左转90度（L）或右转90度（R）。
由于地球和火星之间的距离很远，指令必须批量发送，火星车执行完整批指令之后，再回报自己所在的位置坐标和朝向。
package com.thoughtworks.b_mars_rover;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;public class Run {public static void main(String[] args) {// Instruct (指令类型，角度，移动距离)List<Instruct> instructs = new ArrayList<>();instructs.add(new Instruct(InstructType.MOVE, 0, 4));instructs.add(new Instruct(InstructType.BACK, 0, 4));instructs.add(new Instruct(InstructType.TURN_RIGHT, 37, 0));instructs.add(new Instruct(InstructType.MOVE, 0, 5));instructs.add(new Instruct(InstructType.BACK, 0, 5));instructs.add(new Instruct(InstructType.TURN_LEFT, 164, 5));instructs.add(new Instruct(InstructType.MOVE, 0, 5));instructs.add(new Instruct(InstructType.BACK, 0, 5));//初始化小车位置 x，y，朝向，顺时针角度MarsRover marsRover = new MarsRover(0, 0, "N", 0);System.out.println("初始化：小车朝向:"+marsRover.getFaceTo()+"----小车角度:"+marsRover.getAngle()+"---小车X轴位置:"+marsRover.getX()+"---小车Y轴距离:"+marsRover.getY());for (Instruct instruct : instructs) {if (instruct.getInstructType() == InstructType.BACK||instruct.getInstructType() == InstructType.MOVE) {marsRover.move(instruct);} else {marsRover.wheel(instruct);}System.out.println("小车朝向:"+marsRover.getFaceTo()+"----小车角度:"+marsRover.getAngle()+"---小车X轴位置:"+marsRover.getX()+"---小车Y轴距离:"+marsRover.getY());}}
}package com.thoughtworks.b_mars_rover;import com.thoughtworks.b_mars_rover.move.MoveEnum;
import com.thoughtworks.b_mars_rover.move.MoveRule;
import com.thoughtworks.b_mars_rover.move.MoveRuleDispatchCentre;
import lombok.Data;/*** 探测车x，y，朝向，角度*/
@Data
public class MarsRover {private final static String allDirection = "NESW";private double x;private double y;private String faceTo;/*** 角度为当前方向的顺时针角度*/private double angle;public MarsRover(double x, double y, String faceTo, double angle) {this.x = x;this.y = y;this.faceTo = faceTo;this.angle = angle;}//小车转弯public void wheel(Instruct wheelInstruct) {//增大一圈，避免为负double newAngel = this.getAngle() + wheelInstruct.getAngle();/*** 取探测车朝向* >=0时取90的余数与探险车的索引相加* <0时取90的余数与探险车的索引相减*/this.faceTo = newAngel >= 0 ? String.valueOf(allDirection.charAt((allDirection.indexOf(this.faceTo) + (int) ((newAngel + 360) / 90)) % 4)) :String.valueOf(allDirection.charAt(((allDirection.indexOf(this.faceTo) + (int) (newAngel + 360) / 90) + 4) % 4));this.angle = (newAngel + 360) % 90;}// 小车移动public void move(Instruct instruct) {MoveRule moveRule = null;if (instruct.getInstructType() == InstructType.MOVE) {moveRule = MoveRuleDispatchCentre.getMoveRule(MoveEnum.getInstance(this.getFaceTo()));} else {moveRule = MoveRuleDispatchCentre.getMoveRule(MoveEnum.BACK);}instruct.xyMoveDistance(this);moveRule.move(instruct, this);}
}package com.thoughtworks.b_mars_rover;import lombok.Getter;/*** 转向枚举*/
public enum InstructType {TURN_LEFT("L"), TURN_RIGHT("R"), MOVE("M"), BACK("B");@Getterprivate String InstructType;InstructType(String instructType) {InstructType = instructType;}public static InstructType getInstance(String instructType) {if (TURN_LEFT.getInstructType().equals(instructType)) {return TURN_LEFT;}return TURN_RIGHT;}
}package com.thoughtworks.b_mars_rover;import com.thoughtworks.b_mars_rover.move.MoveEnum;
import lombok.Data;/*** 指令对象*/
@Data
public class Instruct {private InstructType instructType;private double angle;private double moveDistance;private double xMoveDistance;private double yMoveDistance;public double getRealAngel(InstructType instructType, double angle) {/*** 转向大于360度，取余数*/angle = Math.abs(angle) >= 360 ? angle % 360 : angle;/*** 左转为负数，右转为正数*/return instructType == InstructType.TURN_LEFT ? -angle : angle;}/*** 移动小车之前必须先计算小车位移的X和Y距离** @param marsRover*/public void xyMoveDistance(MarsRover marsRover) {if (MoveEnum.getInstance(marsRover.getFaceTo()) == MoveEnum.EAST || MoveEnum.getInstance(marsRover.getFaceTo()) == MoveEnum.WEST) {moveToEastAndWest(marsRover);} else {moveToNorthAndSorth(marsRover);}}private void moveToNorthAndSorth(MarsRover marsRover) {this.setYMoveDistance(Math.cos(Math.toRadians(marsRover.getAngle())) * this.getMoveDistance());this.setXMoveDistance(Math.sin(Math.toRadians(marsRover.getAngle())) * this.getMoveDistance());}private void moveToEastAndWest(MarsRover marsRover) {this.setXMoveDistance(Math.cos(Math.toRadians(marsRover.getAngle())) * this.getMoveDistance());this.setYMoveDistance(Math.sin(Math.toRadians(marsRover.getAngle())) * this.getMoveDistance());}public Instruct(InstructType instructType, double angle, double moveDistance) {this.instructType = instructType;this.angle = getRealAngel(instructType, angle);this.moveDistance = moveDistance;}
}
package com.thoughtworks.b_mars_rover.move;import com.thoughtworks.b_mars_rover.Instruct;
import com.thoughtworks.b_mars_rover.InstructType;
import com.thoughtworks.b_mars_rover.MarsRover;/*** 后退*/
public class BackMove implements MoveRule {@Overridepublic void move(Instruct moveInstruct, MarsRover marsRover) {moveInstruct.setXMoveDistance(0 - moveInstruct.getXMoveDistance());moveInstruct.setYMoveDistance(0 - moveInstruct.getYMoveDistance());moveInstruct.setInstructType(InstructType.MOVE);MoveRule moveRule = MoveRuleDispatchCentre.getMoveRule(MoveEnum.getInstance(marsRover.getFaceTo()));moveRule.move(moveInstruct, marsRover);}
}package com.thoughtworks.b_mars_rover.move;import com.thoughtworks.b_mars_rover.Instruct;
import com.thoughtworks.b_mars_rover.MarsRover;/*** 小车朝向E到S*/
public class EastMove implements MoveRule {public static void main(String[] args) {System.out.println(Math.cos(Math.toRadians(37)) * 5);}@Overridepublic void move(Instruct eastInstruct, MarsRover marsRover) {marsRover.setX(marsRover.getX()+eastInstruct.getXMoveDistance());marsRover.setY(marsRover.getY()-eastInstruct.getYMoveDistance());}
}package com.thoughtworks.b_mars_rover.move;/*** 移动规则枚举*/
public enum MoveEnum {NORTH("N"), WEST("E"), SORTH("S"), EAST("W"), BACK("B");private String faceTo;MoveEnum(String faceTo) {this.faceTo = faceTo;}public static MoveEnum getInstance(String faceTo) {switch (faceTo) {case "N":return NORTH;case "E":return EAST;case "S":return SORTH;case "W":return WEST;default: {return BACK;}}}
}package com.thoughtworks.b_mars_rover.move;import com.thoughtworks.b_mars_rover.Instruct;
import com.thoughtworks.b_mars_rover.MarsRover;/*** 移动规则父类*/
public interface MoveRule {void move(Instruct moveInstruct, MarsRover marsRover);
}package com.thoughtworks.b_mars_rover.move;import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;public class MoveRuleDispatchCentre {private static Map<MoveEnum, MoveRule> moveTypes = new HashMap<>();static {moveTypes.put(MoveEnum.NORTH, new NorthMove());moveTypes.put(MoveEnum.WEST, new EastMove());moveTypes.put(MoveEnum.SORTH, new SouthMove());moveTypes.put(MoveEnum.EAST, new EastMove());moveTypes.put(MoveEnum.BACK, new BackMove());}public static MoveRule getMoveRule(MoveEnum moveEnum) {return moveTypes.get(moveEnum);}
}package com.thoughtworks.b_mars_rover.move;import com.thoughtworks.b_mars_rover.Instruct;
import com.thoughtworks.b_mars_rover.MarsRover;/*** 小车朝向N到E*/
public class NorthMove implements MoveRule {@Overridepublic void move(Instruct northInstruct, MarsRover marsRover) {marsRover.setX(marsRover.getX()+northInstruct.getXMoveDistance());marsRover.setY(marsRover.getY()+northInstruct.getYMoveDistance());}
}package com.thoughtworks.b_mars_rover.move;import com.thoughtworks.b_mars_rover.Instruct;
import com.thoughtworks.b_mars_rover.MarsRover;/*** 小车朝向S到W*/
public class SouthMove implements MoveRule {@Overridepublic void move(Instruct sorthInstruct, MarsRover marsRover) {marsRover.setX(marsRover.getX()-sorthInstruct.getXMoveDistance());marsRover.setY(marsRover.getY()-sorthInstruct.getYMoveDistance());}
}package com.thoughtworks.b_mars_rover.move;import com.thoughtworks.b_mars_rover.Instruct;
import com.thoughtworks.b_mars_rover.MarsRover;/*** 小车朝向W到N*/
public class WestMove implements MoveRule {@Overridepublic void move(Instruct westInstruct, MarsRover marsRover) {marsRover.setX(marsRover.getX()-westInstruct.getXMoveDistance());marsRover.setY(marsRover.getY()+westInstruct.getYMoveDistance());}
}
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