csdn邻家割草

The lawnmower is one of those tools that many people don’t really think much about except for when they need to use it. However, if you want it lasting for a long time without much fuss, there are a few quick things you’ll want to do every spring.

割草机是许多人除了需要使用时才会真正考虑的工具之一。 但是，如果您想让它持续很长时间而不必大惊小怪，那么每年春天您都需要做一些快速的事情。

The good news is that lawnmowers can be pretty forgiving. If you’ve neglected yours for several years, it’s probably still running okay, although maybe not as good as it could be. And it’s likely things will go south fairly soon. To keep your lawnmower in tip-top shape and have it last nearly forever, just follow these quick maintenance tips, which should take you no more than an hour of your time once a year.

好消息是割草机可以宽容。 如果您已经忽略了几年，它可能仍然可以运行，尽管可能不尽如人意。 而且事情可能很快就会消失。 为使割草机始终保持尖端状态并使其几乎永久使用，只需遵循以下快速维护提示，每年应花费的时间不超过一个小时。

Warning: Maintenance includes changing the oil, spark plug, and air filter, as well as removing the cutting blade and sharpening it. While this stuff is a lot easier than it is on a car, if you don’t feel comfortable doing these things yourself, by all means take it to someone who does, or find a capable friend who can help you.

警告：维护包括更换机油，火花塞和空气滤清器，以及卸下切割刀片并使其锋利。 虽然这些东西比在汽车上要容易得多，但是如果您自己做这些事情感到不舒服，则一定要把它交给做这件事的人，或者找一个能为您提供帮助的朋友。

你需要什么 (What You’ll Need)

You’ll want some basic tools to get the job done, as well as a handful of optional tools that can make the job a lot easier. Note that we’re focusing on gas mowers here—if you have an electric mower, you’ll probably only need the blade sharpening stuff (and you can skip to step five).

您将需要一些基本工具来完成工作，以及一些可选工具，这些工具可以使工作轻松得多。 请注意，这里我们主要关注的是割草机-如果您有电动割草机，则可能只需要刀片锐化工具(您可以跳至第五步)。

You will need:

你会需要：

• Your lawnmower’s manual (if you don’t have it, see if you can find it online, or prepare to Google a lot of stuff)

  割草机的手册(如果没有的话，请查看是否可以在网上找到它 ，或者向Google准备很多东西)

• An Oil drain pan and a sealed container to dump it in (like a milk jug)

  放油盘和密封的容器(例如牛奶壶)将其倒入

• Small machine oil (refer to the manual as to what kind—usually SAE 30)小型机油(有关种类，请参阅手册，通常为SAE 30)
• An Oil filter (Some lawnmowers don’t use one—refer to the manual)机油滤清器(某些割草机不使用，请参阅手册)

• A Spark plug socket (Your lawnmower’s spark plug size may be different, but the standard is 5/8″)

  一个火花塞插座 (您的割草机的火花塞尺寸可能有所不同，但标准是5/8英寸)

• A Ratchet wrench for spark plug socket (likely a 1/4″ or 3/8″ drive, depending on the socket)

  用于火花塞插座的棘轮扳手 (可能是1/4“或3/8”驱动器，取决于插座)

• A Wrench or socket to remove cutting blade (you can use the spark plug socket if it’s the same size)

  扳手或套筒，用于卸下切割刀片(如果尺寸相同，则可以使用火花塞套筒)

• A Blade sharpening file

  刀片锐化文件

• A Bench vise (you’ll want something to hold the blade down while you sharpen it)

  台虎钳 (锐化刀片时，您会需要一些东西来按住刀片)

• A New spark plug (refer to the manual)新的火花塞(请参阅手册)
• A New air filter (again, manual)新型空气滤清器(再次，手动)

• A Blade removal tool (optional, but makes it easier to remove the blade)

  刀片拆卸工具 (可选，但更易于拆卸刀片)

• A Torque wrench (optional, but a good idea to avoid over-tightening bolts)

  扭矩扳手 (可选，但是最好避免螺栓过度拧紧)

• A Funnel (optional, but decreases the risk of creating an oil mess)

  漏斗 (可选，但可减少产生油污的风险)

• A Nitrile gloves (optional, but they keep your hands clean)

  丁腈手套 (可选，但可以保持双手清洁)

That may seem like a lot, but don’t worry, it’s all worth it.

这似乎很多，但请放心，这都是值得的。

第一步：割草 (Step One: Mow the Lawn)

Before you drain the oil, you’ll want to warm up the engine. There are a few reasons for this.

在排干机油之前，您需要对发动机进行预热。 这有几个原因。

First, warm oil is less viscous than cold oil, so it’s easier to get as much oil drained out as possible. Secondly, warming up the engine before doing an oil change will mix up all of the impurities and dirt that has settled to the bottom when the lawnmower is left sitting. This ensures that all of the impurities and dirt will drain along with the oil, instead of remaining at the bottom in the mower.

首先，温油的粘度比冷油低，因此更容易排出尽可能多的油。 其次，在割草机静置之前，对发动机进行换油前的预热将使所有沉淀到底部的杂质和污垢混合在一起。 这样可以确保所有的杂质和污垢将与机油一起排出，而不是残留在割草机的底部。

You could just leave your lawnmower running for a few minutes, but that just wastes gas. Instead, you might as well mow your lawn like normal to get the engine up to temp.

您可以让割草机运转几分钟，但这只会浪费气体。 相反，您最好像平时一样修剪草坪，以使发动机达到温度。

第二步：断开火花塞 (Step Two: Disconnect the Spark Plug)

Before you do any work on your lawnmower, disconnect the spark plug. This will prevent the lawnmower from accidentally starting up while you’re working on it.

在对割草机进行任何工作之前，请断开火花塞。 这样可以防止割草机在作业时意外启动。

To disconnect the spark plug, first locate the connection, which looks like a rubber hose with a 90-degree connector, and it’s usually located at the front.

要断开火花塞，请首先找到连接，该连接看起来像是带有90度接头的橡胶软管，通常位于前面。

From there, just grab onto the connector and give it a firm pull, wiggling it back and forth if it’s extra stubborn. Keep in mind that spark plugs and the connector get really hot after the mower has been running for a while, so wear a thick glove to prevent getting injured.

从那里，抓住连接器并用力拉一下，如果它太顽固，则来回摆动。 请记住，割草机运行一段时间后，火花塞和连接器会非常热，因此请戴上厚手套以免受伤。

第三步：清空油箱(或密封油箱盖) (Step Three: Empty the Gas Tank (or Seal the Gas Cap))

Draining the oil requires tipping the lawnmower on its side. Since the gas tank cap is usually not water tight, fuel can easily leak out when you do this. There are a couple of things you can do to prevent leaking.

排干油需要将割草机的侧面倾斜。 由于油箱盖通常不防水，因此，燃油很容易泄漏。 您可以采取一些措施来防止泄漏。

One way is to empty the gas tank completely, by either running the lawnmower dry or tipping it on its side to drain out the gas. This is probably a good idea to do in the first place, since you’re likely using gasoline that contains 10% ethanol. I won’t go into a lot of detail about it, but ethanol can wreak havoc on engine parts over time, so it’s best to use ethanol-free gasoline if you can find a gas station that sells it.

一种方法是将割草机空转或将割草机侧倾以排出气体，以完全排空汽油箱。 首先，这可能是个好主意，因为您使用的汽油可能含有10％的乙醇。 我不会对其进行详细介绍，但是随着时间的流逝 ，乙醇会严重破坏发动机部件 ，因此，如果您能找到出售它的加油站 ，那么最好使用无乙醇汽油。

In any case, the best way to prevent fuel from leaking out of the lawnmower is to place a plastic bag between the gas cap and the tank (pictured above), creating a much better seal. Be sure to use a freezer bag if possible, as the really cheap thin sandwich bags will easily tear.

无论如何，防止燃料从割草机泄漏的最佳方法是在气帽和油箱之间放置一个塑料袋(如上图所示)，以实现更好的密封。 如果可能，请确保使用冷冻袋，因为真正便宜的薄三明治袋很容易撕裂。

第四步：排干机油 (Step Four: Drain the Oil)

Remove the oil cap, which will also have the dipstick connected to it. Wipe it down and set it off to the side.

卸下油盖，该油盖还将连接量油尺。 擦拭干净，然后放在一边。

Place your oil drain pan next to your lawnmower and tip the mower on its side with the oil drain passage closest to the ground. The oil will start draining out and should take less than a minute.

将排油盘放在割草机旁边，将割草机的侧面倾斜，使排油通道最靠近地面。 油将开始排干，并且需要不到一分钟的时间。

Your mower may have an oil filter, so if that’s the case, you should remove it and replace it with a new one while all of the oil is drained out. My mower doesn’t use an oil filter, so I’m good to go.

您的割草机可能装有机油滤清器，因此，在排空所有机油的同时，应将其卸下并更换新的机油滤清器。 我的割草机不使用滤油器，所以我很高兴。

Once all the oil is drained, pour it into a container that you can seal up and take it to a place that can recycle it. Most auto parts stores can do this for free or for a small fee.

排干所有油后，将其倒入可以密封的容器中，然后将其运至可回收的地方。 大多数汽车配件商店都可以免费或少量收取费用。

第五步：卸下刀片并磨锐 (Step Five: Remove the Cutting Blade & Sharpen It)

With the mower still is on its side, now is a great time to remove the cutting blade and sharpen it. If you look at the bottom of the mower, the blade is attached with a single bolt.

割草机仍在一边时，现在是拆卸并磨锐刀片的好时机。 如果您看割草机的底部，则刀片是用一个螺栓固定的。

To remove the blade, you’ll need a wrench or socket that fits the bolt. What size you need depends on the mower, but the bolt on my mower is 5/8″.

要卸下刀片，您需要一个适合螺栓的扳手或套筒。 您需要的尺寸取决于割草机，但割草机上的螺栓为5/8英寸。

If you have a blade removal tool, that can make things a bit easier. It’s really nothing more than a clamp that latches onto the side of the mower and prevents the blade from spinning while you loosen it. The bolt will likely be pretty tight, so you may need to apply a lot of force to get it loosened.

如果您有刀片拆卸工具，那将使事情变得容易一些。 实际上，这不过是一个夹子，该夹子可锁定割草机的侧面，并在您松开刀片时防止刀片旋转。 螺栓可能很紧，因此您可能需要施加很大的力才能使其松开。

Once the bolt is removed, you can take the blade off and clamp it into a bench vise to hold it in place as you sharpen it.

卸下螺栓后，您可以取下刀片并将其夹入台虎钳中，以在锐化时将其固定到位。

With one of the sharp sides pointed up, take your sharpening file and angle it so that it’s lined up with the blade’s bevel. Then apply pressure and run it up and down perpendicular to the blade. By doing this, you’re essentially shaving off metal little by little so that the edge gets sharp. Flip the blade over to sharpen the other side.

尖锐的一面朝上，拿起锐化锉刀并将其倾斜，使其与刀片的斜角对齐。 然后施加压力，并垂直于刀片向上和向下运行。 通过这样做，您实际上是在一点一点地刮除金属，以使边缘变得锋利。 将刀片翻转过来以锐化另一侧。

The general rule of thumb is to sharpen the blade so that it’s about as sharp as a butter knife, but it never hurts to make it as sharp as you can—just don’t spend a whole lot of time on it. It should only take you 5-10 minutes.

一般的经验法则是将刀片变锋利，使其与黄油刀一样锋利，但尽可能使它变锋利也不会受到伤害-只需花费大量时间即可。 只需要5-10分钟。

With the blade removed from the mower, now is also a good time to clean up the bottom of the mower deck. This step is optional, but if the bottom of your mower deck looks like a rain forest, it’s probably a good idea to scrape it clean and get most of it off.

从割草机上取下刀片后，现在也是清理割草机甲板底部的好时机。 此步骤是可选步骤，但是如果割草机甲板的底部看起来像一片雨林，则最好将其刮干净并清除掉大部分。

Once you’re done with that, re-install the cutting blade, making sure that the cutting edges are facing the right direction. Usually there’s something imprinted on the blade that will show you which way it should be installed.

完成此操作后，请重新安装切割刀片，并确保切割刃朝向正确的方向。 通常，刀片上印有一些东西，可以告诉您应该采用哪种安装方式。

Use a torque wrench to tighten the cutting blade bolt (the torque value will be listed on the manual). If you don’t have a torque wrench, use a regular wrench and tighten it down so that it’s plenty snug, but don’t tighten it with all of your might, as there’s a chance you’ll strip the threads or break the bolt.

使用扭矩扳手拧紧切割刀片螺栓(扭矩值将在手册中列出)。 如果您没有扭矩扳手，请使用常规扳手并拧紧它，以使其紧贴，但不要全力拧紧，因为这可能会导致螺纹剥落或螺栓断裂。

第六步：倒入新油 (Step Six: Pour In New Oil)

Once you have the blade installed, tip your lawnmower back into the upright position. It’s now time to put in new oil.

安装好刀片后，将割草机倾斜回垂直位置。 现在是时候注入新的石油了。

You can usually buy oil in pre-measured amounts, but it’s usually cheaper to just buy a large container of oil that will last you a few fill ups. If you end up going that route, it’s important that you pour in the correct amount of oil—not too little and not too much.

通常，您可以购买预定数量的石油，但通常只需要购买一个大容量的石油便会便宜一些。 如果您最终选择了那条路线，那么倒入适量的油是很重要的—不要倒太多也不倒太多。

Most oil containers will have measuring indicators on the side, letting you know how much oil is left, so use that as a guide if you can. Furthermore, your mower’s manual should say how much oil needs to be poured in.

大多数机油容器的侧面都带有测量指示器，让您知道还剩多少油，因此请尽可能以此作为指导。 此外，割草机的手册应说明需要注入多少油。

A last resort is using the oil cap’s dipstick to see how much oil is in the crankcase. The dipstick will have two marks, and the oil level should be between those two marks. Pour a little oil in and check it with the dipstick. Repeat that until the level reaches the dipstick marks. It’s monotonous, but it’s also crucial to do, since too much oil or too little oil can cause engine trouble.

不得已的方法是使用油盖的量油尺查看曲轴箱中的油量。 量油尺将有两个标记，并且油位应在这两个标记之间。 倒入少许油，然后用量油尺检查。 重复该操作，直到水平达到量油尺标记。 这是单调的，但也很重要，因为太多的机油或太少的机油都会引起发动机故障。

第七步：更换空气过滤器 (Step Seven: Replace the Air Filter)

The air filter is one of the most important parts of a lawnmower (or anything with an engine), as the gasoline needs to mix with oxygen in order to create combustion. And believe it or not, engines gulp up way more air than gasoline, usually at a 15:1 ratio. With that said, it’s important to replace the air filter regularly, sometimes even more frequently than just once a year, especially if you live in dusty conditions.

空气滤清器是割草机(或任何装有发动机的设备)最重要的部件之一，因为汽油需要与氧气混合才能燃烧。 不管您相信与否，引擎通常以15：1的比率吞噬比汽油更多的空气。 话虽如此，重要的是定期更换空气过滤器，有时甚至每年更换一次，有时甚至更频繁，尤其是在多尘的环境下。

To replace the air filter, it’s usually hidden behind a plastic compartment that’s snapped shut or held on with a screw.

要更换空气滤清器，通常将其隐藏在一个塑料舱门的后面，该塑料舱门会突然关闭或用螺钉固定。

Take off the lid and you’ll see the air filter. It’s usually only held in place by friction, so simply pull it out and place the new air filter in its place.

取下盖子，您会看到空气过滤器。 通常仅通过摩擦将其固定在适当的位置，因此只需将其拉出并将新的空气过滤器放置在适当的位置即可。

Put the plastic cover back on and you’re back in business.

重新装上塑料盖，您就可以重新营业。

第八步：更换火花塞 (Step Eight: Replace the Spark Plug)

The spark plug is the one tiny part of the engine that—if not working properly—can result in the engine not starting at all. So it’s important that you replace it every year.

火花塞是发动机的一小部分，如果不能正常工作，则可能导致发动机根本无法启动。 因此，每年更换它很重要。

To remove the spark plug, you’ll need a special socket, which comes with a rubber layer on the inside to prevent breaking the spark plug’s porcelain body as you loosen and tighten it. Most spark plugs take a 5/8″ socket, but refer to your manual just to be sure.

要卸下火花塞，您需要一个特殊的插座，该插座的内部配有橡胶层，以防止在您拧松并拧紧火花塞时​​，瓷器主体破裂。 大多数火花塞带有5/8“插座，但请务必参考手册。

Attach the socket to a ratchet wrench and place it over the spark plug. You may have to wiggle it on and apply some pressure to get the socket all the way onto the spark plug.

将插座连接到棘轮扳手上，然后将其放在火花塞上。 您可能需要扭动它并施加一些压力才能将插座一直插入火花塞。

Next, just loosen the spark plug and unthread it until it pops off.

接下来，只需松开火花塞并解开螺纹，直到其弹出。

Take your new spark plug and begin screwing it in by hand. Tighten it down as much as you can by hand.

拿起新的火花塞并开始用手将其拧紧。 用手将其尽可能拧紧。

Then take your socket and ratchet and tighten it down about a 1/4 turn. You want it snug, but not overly tight at all or else you risk stripping the threads and you’d be completely screwed.

然后拿起插槽和棘轮并将其向下拧紧约1/4圈。 您希望它紧贴，但一点也不拧得太紧，否则您就有剥线的风险，并且会完全拧紧。

第九步：快速洗礼并庆祝 (Step Nine: Give It a Quick Wash and Celebrate)

Once you’re all done with the maintenance, give the outside of the mower a quick hose down and then celebrate your hard work!

维护完毕后，给割草机的外部放下快速软管，然后庆祝您的辛苦工作！

Doing these simple maintenance tasks can prolong the life of your mower and make it last for decades. Granted, push mowers usually aren’t that expensive, but when you end up replacing it every few years, that cost adds up quickly.

完成这些简单的维护任务可以延长割草机的使用寿命，并使割草机使用寿命长达数十年。 当然，手推式割草机通常并不贵，但是当您每隔几年更换一次割草机时，该成本就会Swift增加。

关于冬季存储的一句话 (A Word on Winter Storage)

We covered this briefly in our winter home preparation guide, but it’s important to mention here. A properly-stored lawnmower during the winter is just as crucial as performing the proper maintenance, if not more so.

我们在冬季家庭准备指南中对此进行了简要介绍，但在此必须提及。 在冬季，妥善存放割草机与进行适当维护同样重要，甚至更多。

It’s important that you drain the gasoline out of your lawnmower before you put it away for the winter. Gas goes stale and breaks down, which can gum up the carburetor and require an engine rebuild come spring time.

重要的是，在过冬之前将汽油从割草机中排出。 汽油会陈旧并分解，这可能会使化油器粘起来，并在Spring到来时需要对发动机进行改造。

Alternatively, you can keep gas in the tank if you want and just add fuel stabilizer, as well as switch to ethanol-free gas as mentioned above, but if you’re really paranoid, it’s best to completely drain the gas from the mower.

另外，您可以根据需要将气体保留在油箱中，只需添加燃料稳定剂 ，并如上所述转换为不含乙醇的气体，但是如果您确实偏执，最好将割草机中的气体完全排出。

翻译自: https://www.howtogeek.com/271503/how-to-maintain-your-lawnmower-so-it-lasts-almost-forever/

csdn邻家割草