使用create database命令手工创建Oracle数据库

1. 设置环境变量ORACLE_SID

export ORACLE_SID=mdb

2. 创建数据库初始化参数

cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs

cat >> init${ORACLE_SID}.ora <

db_name='mdb'

memory_target=8G

processes = 1500

audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/mdb/adump'

audit_trail ='db'

db_block_size=8192

db_domain=''

db_recovery_file_dest='/oradata/fast_recovery_area'

db_recovery_file_dest_size=2G

diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle/'

dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=ORCLXDB)'

open_cursors=300

remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'

undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS'

control_files = ('/oradata/datafiles/mdb/control01.ctl')

EOF

3. 创建必要的文件目录

3.1 创建数据文件目录

# 审计文件目录

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/mdb/adump

# 数据库闪回恢复区目录

mkdir -p /oradata/fast_recovery_area

# 数据库数据文件目录

mkdir -p /oradata/datafiles/mdb/

# 数据库日志文件目录

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/diag/

4. 启动数据库实例

sqlplus / as sysdba <

startup nomount

EOF

5. 创建数据库服务器参数文件spfile

sqlplus / as sysdba <

create spfile from pfile;

EOF

6. 执行create database命令

CREATE DATABASE mdb

USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY Mdb123$678

USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY Mdb123$678

LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/oradata/datafiles/mdb/redo01a.log') SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,

GROUP 2 ('/oradata/datafiles/mdb/redo02a.log') SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,

GROUP 3 ('/oradata/datafiles/mdb/redo03a.log') SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512

MAXLOGHISTORY 1

MAXLOGFILES 16

MAXLOGMEMBERS 3

MAXDATAFILES 1024

CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8

NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16

EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL

DATAFILE '/oradata/datafiles/mdb/system01.dbf'

SIZE 700M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 10240K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED

SYSAUX DATAFILE '/oradata/datafiles/mdb/sysaux01.dbf'

SIZE 550M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 10240K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED

DEFAULT TABLESPACE users

DATAFILE '/oradata/datafiles/mdb/users01.dbf'

SIZE 500M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED

DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE temp

TEMPFILE '/oradata/datafiles/mdb//temp01.dbf'

SIZE 20M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 640K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED

UNDO TABLESPACE undotbs

DATAFILE '/oradata/datafiles/mdb/undotbs01.dbf'

SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 5120K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED

USER_DATA TABLESPACE usertbs

DATAFILE '/oradata/datafiles/mdb/usertbs01.dbf'

SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED;

7. 根据需要创建其他的表空间

CREATE TABLESPACE apps LOGGING

DATAFILE '/oradata/datafiles/mdb/apps01.dbf'

SIZE 500M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 1280K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED

EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL;

-- create a tablespace for indexes, separate from user tablespace (optional)

CREATE TABLESPACE indx_tbs LOGGING

DATAFILE '/oradata/datafiles/mdb/indx01.dbf'

SIZE 100M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 1280K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED

EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL;

8. 执行脚本创建数据字典视图

sqlplus / as sysdba

@?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql

@?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql

@?/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql

sqlplus / as sysdba

@?/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql

脚本说明如下：

Script

Description

catalog.sql

Creates the views of the data dictionary tables, the dynamic performance views, and public synonyms for many of the views. Grants PUBLIC access to the synonyms.

catproc.sql

Runs all scripts required for or used with PL/SQL.

utlrp.sql

Recompiles all PL/SQL modules that are in an invalid state, including packages, procedures, and types.

pupbld.sql

Required for SQLPlus. Enables SQLPlus to disable commands by user.