最后，我找到了一种方法，将图表嵌入到PyQt窗口中(按照给出的in this post的说明)。下面建议的代码生成一个PyQt窗口，其中显示3D条形图。可以使用滑块(时间变化)为图表设置动画。在import sys

from PyQt4 import QtGui, QtCore

from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt4agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas

from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt4agg import NavigationToolbar2QTAgg as NavigationToolbar

from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D

from math import cos, sin

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

import numpy as np

# An arbitraty function for z = f(x,t)

def z_xt(x, t):

return 30*sin(5*t) + x**2 + 20

# An arbitraty function for z = f(y,t)

def z_yt(y, t):

return 20*cos(2*t) + y**3/10 + 20

# Superposition z(x,y,t) = z(x,t) + z(y,t)

def z_xyt(f_xt, f_yt):

return f_xt+f_yt

# Definition of space and time domains

nx = 9; dx = 1

ny = 6; dy = 1

nt = 50; dt = 0.05

y, x = np.mgrid[slice(0, ny, dy),slice(0, nx, dx)]

t_list = [round(t*dt,2) for t in range(nt)]

# The matrix that contains the solution for every time step

Z_xyt = [z_xyt(z_xt(x, t), z_yt(y, t)) for t in t_list]

# Plot data in a 3D bar chart

fig = plt.figure()

ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')

x_grid, y_grid = np.meshgrid(np.arange(nx), np.arange(ny))

x_grid = x_grid.flatten()

y_grid = y_grid.flatten()

class Window(QtGui.QDialog):

def __init__(self, parent=None):

super(Window, self).__init__(parent)

# a figure instance to plot on

self.figure = plt.figure()

# this is the Canvas Widget that displays the `figure`

# it takes the `figure` instance as a parameter to __init__

self.canvas = FigureCanvas(self.figure)

# this is the Navigation widget

# it takes the Canvas widget and a parent

self.toolbar = NavigationToolbar(self.canvas, self)

# A slider to make time variations

self.horizontalSlider = QtGui.QSlider(self)

self.horizontalSlider.setOrientation(QtCore.Qt.Horizontal)

self.horizontalSlider.valueChanged.connect(self.plot)

self.horizontalSlider.setMinimum(0)

self.horizontalSlider.setMaximum(t_list.__len__()-1)

# set the layout

layout = QtGui.QVBoxLayout()

layout.addWidget(self.toolbar)

layout.addWidget(self.canvas)

layout.addWidget(self.horizontalSlider)

self.setLayout(layout)

# Generate the chart for t=0 when the window is openned

self.plot()

def plot(self):

# Read the slider value -> t = t_list[t_index]

t_index = self.horizontalSlider.value()

# Get the z-data for the given time index

z_data = Z_xyt[t_index].flatten()

# Discards the old chart and display the new one

ax = self.figure.add_subplot(111,projection='3d')

ax.hold(False)

ax.bar3d(x_grid, y_grid, np.zeros(len(z_data)), 1, 1, z_data)

# refresh canvas

self.canvas.draw()

if __name__ == '__main__':

app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)

main = Window()

main.show()

sys.exit(app.exec_())

从图形上看，窗口如下所示：