docker run -it -v /home/test:/home centos /bin/bash# 在主机上查看 docker运行容器的id
[root@localhost home]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
b4acd8cae254        centos              "/bin/bash"         3 minutes ago       Up 3 minutes                            zen_khorana# docker inspect id    查看详细信息
[root@localhost home]# docker inspect b4acd8cae254#卷挂载的信息
"Mounts": [{"Type": "bind","Source": "/home/test",   # 挂载到宿主机的位置"Destination": "/home",   # 容器内映射的位置"Mode": "","RW": true,"Propagation": "rprivate"}],touch [name]   #创建文件       容器内的数据映射到外部，容器销毁，宿主机数据一直存在

docker run -d -p 3310:3306 -v /home/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d  -v /home/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456  mysql:5.7  --name mysql01# -d   后台运行
# -p    端口映射
# -v    卷挂载     宿主机位置：容器内位置
# -e    环境配置
#   --name   容器起名字# mysql需要配置密码
#官方文档 docker run --name some-mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=my-secret-pw -d mysql:tag

# 不指定主机名   匿名挂载
docker run -d -P --name nginx1 -v etc/nginx nginx# 查看所有valume情况
[root@localhost home]# docker volume ls#  -v 只指定容器内地址不指定容器外地址，就是匿名挂载#具名挂载
docker run -d -P --name nginx1 -v nginx123:etc/nginx nginx
#通过 -v 卷名：容器内路径
#查看卷位置   docker volume inspect [卷名][{"CreatedAt": "2020-08-16T17:59:07+08:00","Driver": "local","Labels": null,"Mountpoint": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/e8eccd16213b4e53b86aa0bc752d857cbafa72b825ca308902dd5a050650f140/_data","Name": "e8eccd16213b4e53b86aa0bc752d857cbafa72b825ca308902dd5a050650f140","Options": null,"Scope": "local"}
]# 如何确定是具名挂载、匿名挂载还是指定路径挂载-v 容器内路径    #匿名挂载-v  卷名：容器内路径  #具名挂载-v  /宿主机路径：容器内路径  #指定路径挂载拓展docker run -d -P --name nginx1 -v etc/nginx:ro nginx  # readonly  只读，容器无写入权限docker run -d -P --name nginx1 -v etc/nginx:rw nginx  # readwrite

[root@localhost home]# mkdir docker-test-volume
[root@localhost home]# cd  /docker-test-volume
[root@localhost docker-test-volume]#
[root@localhost docker-test-volume]# vi dockerfile1# 编写   dockerfile1
#  指令（大写） 参数
FROM centos
VOlUME ["volume01","volume02"]  # 挂载数据卷CMD echo "---end-------"
CMD /bin/bash# 一个命令就是一层

[root@localhost docker-test-volume]# docker build -f dockerfile1 -t pengfan/centos:1.0 .
Sending build context to Docker daemon  2.048kB
Step 1/4 : FROM centos---> 831691599b88
Step 2/4 : VOlUME ["volume01","volume02"]---> Running in 37c39d353766
Removing intermediate container 37c39d353766---> 351c24fa9941
Step 3/4 : CMD echo "---end-------"---> Running in a5b0ac086790
Removing intermediate container a5b0ac086790---> 1bbd39e24a13
Step 4/4 : CMD /bin/bash---> Running in d3824b5a82b9
Removing intermediate container d3824b5a82b9---> 5e8cb90b06da
Successfully built 5e8cb90b06da
Successfully tagged pengfan/centos:1.0
[root@localhost docker-test-volume]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
pengfan/centos      1.0                 5e8cb90b06da        13 seconds ago      215MB
mysql               5.7                 718a6da099d8        11 days ago         448MB
nginx               latest              8cf1bfb43ff5        3 weeks ago         132MB
centos              latest              831691599b88        2 months ago        215MB
hello-world         latest              bf756fb1ae65        7 months ago        13.3kB
[root@localhost docker-test-volume]#

# docker  run  [id/name]
[root@localhost docker-test-volume]# docker run -d  --name pengfan01 5e8cb90b06da  /bin/bash
9a16192911e5d14a6781cfa544670a4482ed3904bb8032c5af046690efafca0a
[root@localhost docker-test-volume]# # 新创建的pengfan02继承pengfan01的卷内容。  pengfan01的卷改变  pengfan02的卷也改变
[root@localhost docker-test-volume]# docker run -d   --name pengfan02  --volumes-from pengfan01  5e8cb90b06da  /bin/bash
8e81553ba701ab5c8f32d0d6c16635d7d0488fba6f8ed77ec32e2118c00d9239

#  启动mysql01容器并创建卷挂载
docker run -d  -p 3310:3306 -v /etc/mysql/conf.d  -v /var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 --name mysql01 mysql:5.7  /bin/bash#  启动mysql02备份mysql01
docker run -d  -p 3310:3306  -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 --name mysql02 --volumes-from mysql01 mysql:5.7   /bin/bash