2，准备内容

GI PSU : p215****75_112040_Linux-x86-64.zip    
OPatch : p688****80_112000_Linux-x86-64.zip    
DB PSU : p213****35_112040_Linux-x86-64.zip 仅单实例使用。

OPatch下载地址：   
https://updates.oracle.com/download/688****80.html

注意：GI PSU包括DB PSU,CPU。

二、更新OPatch版本，必须要更新

说明：分别在两个节点更新OPatch版本。

1. 更新OPatch版本，需要更新到11.2.0.3.11，OPatch直接压缩替换就可以了。

(1) 上传p688****80_112000_Linux-x86-64.zip到/u01/software目录下, /u01/software给777权限，也可以采用/tmp目录。   
(2) root用户下将原OPatch目录改名。

mv /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/OPatch /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/OPatchbk   
mv /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/OPatch /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/OPatchBK

2. grid目录OPatch替换

(1) root用户   
cd /u01/software/;chown grid:oinstall p688****80_112000_Linux-x86-64.zip

(2) grid用户

su - grid   
cd /u01/software/    
unzip p688****80_112000_Linux-x86-64.zip

(3) root用户

cd /u01/software/   
mv OPatch /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/

(4) grid用户测试

su - grid   
/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/OPatch/opatch version

OPatch Version: 11.2.0.3.11   
OPatch succeeded.

3. oracle目录OPatch替换

(1) root用户

cd /u01/software/;chown oracle:oinstall p688****80_112000_Linux-x86-64.zip

(2) oracle用户

su - oracle   
cd /u01/software/    
unzip p688****80_112000_Linux-x86-64.zip

(3) root用户

cd /u01/software/   
mv OPatch /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/

(4) oracle用户测试

su - oracle

/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/OPatch/opatch version

OPatch Version: 11.2.0.3.11   
OPatch succeeded.

三、开始升级GI PSU软件包

1. 前提

(1) root用户下打grid需要关闭grid(两节点都执行)

cd /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin   
./crsctl stop has

2. grid用户下解决GI PSU补丁包

(1) root用户操作

cd /u01/software/;chown grid:oinstall p215****75_112040_Linux-x86-64.zip

(2) grid用户操作

su - grid   
cd /u01/software/;unzip p215****75_112040_Linux-x86-64.zip

3. grid用户下测试兼容性，针对多次打CPU的环境中。

$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -phBaseDir /u01/software/215****75/213****49 -oh $ORACLE_HOME    
$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -phBaseDir /u01/software/215****75/213****42 -oh $ORACLE_HOME     
$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -phBaseDir /u01/software/215****75/213****35 -oh $ORACLE_HOME

----------------------------------------------------   
执行示例如下：    
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 11.2.0.3.11    
Copyright (c) 2015, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.

PREREQ session

Oracle Home      : /u01/app/11.2.0/grid   
Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory    
  from          : /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/oraInst.loc    
OPatch version    : 11.2.0.3.11    
OUI version      : 11.2.0.4.0    
Log file location : /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2015-12-18_16-21-46PM_1.log

Invoking prereq "checkconflictagainstohwithdetail"

Prereq "checkConflictAgainstOHWithDetail" passed.

OPatch succeeded.

四、开始升级GRID

1. 依次节点1，节点2上执行。

第1步: 执行脚本, 一定要执行，否则无法成功，确保CRS是关闭状态。

也可以先查看补丁包中的README文件。

[root@db1 bin]# /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/rootcrs.pl -unlock

Using configuration parameter file: /grid/grid_home/crs/install/crsconfig_params    
CRS-4544: Unable to connect to OHAS     
CRS-4000: Command Stop failed, or completed with errors.     
Successfully unlock /grid/grid_home

[root@db1 bin]#

第2步：下载补丁包（目前11.2.0.4.8 PSU），准备升级

su - grid

/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/OPatch/opatch napply -oh $ORACLE_HOME -local /u01/software/215****75/213****49   
/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/OPatch/opatch napply -oh $ORACLE_HOME -local /u01/software/215****75/213****42    
/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/OPatch/opatch napply -oh $ORACLE_HOME -local /u01/software/215****75/213****35

过程中按三个Y

2. 检查升级情况

$ /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/OPatch/opatch lsinv    
                                                    
Patch  213****35    : applied on Fri Dec 18 17:38:24 CST 2015    
Unique Patch ID:  192****62    
Patch description:  "Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.8 (213****35)"    
  Created on 1 Sep 2015, 07:49:44 hrs     
Sub-patch  20760982; "Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.7 (20760982)"    
Sub-patch  20299013; "Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.6 (20299013)"    
Sub-patch  197****89; "Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.5 (197****89)"    
Sub-patch  191****51; "Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.4 (191****51)"    
Sub-patch  185****09; "Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.3 (185****09)"    
Sub-patch  18031668; "Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.2 (18031668)"    
Sub-patch  174****14; "Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.1 (174****14)"    
  Bugs fixed:    
...

$ /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/OPatch/opatch lspatches

213****35;Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.8 (213****35)   
213****42;ACFS Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.8 (213****42)    
213****49;OCW Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.8 (213****49)

OPatch succeeded.

3. 两节点启动crs

说明：因为是手动打PSU,需要手动进行关闭与启动操作。   
# cd /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin    
# ./crsctl start has    
CRS-4123: Oracle High Availability Services has been started.

五、打database PSU补丁

1. 准备工作

(1) Root用户下，重新给PSU补丁包赋予权限

cd /u01/software/   
rm -rf 215****75    
chown oracle:oinstall p215****75_112040_Linux-x86-64.zip

(2) oracle用户

su - oracle   
cd /u01/software/;unzip p215****75_112040_Linux-x86-64.zip

(3) Oracle用户下检查兼容性,针对多次打CPU的环境中。

$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -phBaseDir /u01/software/215****75/213****35 -oh $ORACLE_HOME    
----------------------------------------------------    
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 11.2.0.3.11    
Copyright (c) 2015, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.

PREREQ session

Oracle Home      : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1   
Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory    
  from          : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/oraInst.loc    
OPatch version    : 11.2.0.3.11    
OUI version      : 11.2.0.4.0    
Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2015-12-21_09-25-57AM_1.log

Invoking prereq "checkconflictagainstohwithdetail"

Prereq "checkConflictAgainstOHWithDetail" passed.

OPatch succeeded.   
----------------------------------------------------

2. oracle database打补丁，还是用同一个补丁包

su - oracle

opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -phBaseDir /home/app/25476126 -oh $ORACLE_HOME    
./opatch napply -oh $ORACLE_HOME -local /home/app/25476126/
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/OPatch/opatch napply -oh $ORACLE_HOME -local /u01/software/215****75/213****35

查看打补丁情况：

/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/OPatch/opatch lsinv   
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/OPatch/opatch lspatches

六、升级数据库数据字典（此步骤可选，如果还未创建数据库可以不用做此步骤）

1. 数据库启动

(1) root用户下打grid需要关闭grid(两节点都执行)

cd /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin   
./crsctl start has

或直接执行如下命令，同时关闭两个节点。   
./crs_start -all

$ sqlplus / as sysdba    
  
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Fri Mar 15 13:40:39 2013    
  
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.    
  
Connected to an idle instance.    
  
SQL> startup

ORA-01565: error in identifying file '+DATA/orcl/spfileorcl.ora'   
ORA-17503: ksfdopn:2 Failed to open file +DATA/orcl/spfileorcl.ora    
ORA-15001: diskgroup "DATA" does not exist or is not mounted    
ORA-15040: diskgroup is incomplete    
ORA-15040: diskgroup is incomplete    
ORA-15040: diskgroup is incomplete

说明：无法启动数据库，经过查询是因为oracle权限被更改为oracle:oinstall。通过如下方式解决。     
在集群的所有节点上执行如下命令修改：       
# chown oracle:asmadmin /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/oracle       
# chmod 6751 /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/oracle

SQL> startup   
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 250533****80 bytes   
Fixed Size                  225****32 bytes    
Variable Size            687****20 bytes    
Database Buffers        179****12 bytes    
Redo Buffers              20054016 bytes    
Database mounted.    
Database opened.

SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/catbundle.sql psu apply   
中间等待过程。

执行完后我们可以查到PSU更新信息：   
SQL>

set line 150   
col ACTION_TIME for a30    
col ACTION for a8    
col NAMESPACE for a8    
col VERSION for a10    
col BUNDLE_SERIES for a5    
col COMMENTS for a20    
select * from dba_registry_history;

ACTION_TIME                    ACTION  NAMESPAC VERSION            ID BUNDL COMMENTS   
------------------------------ -------- -------- ---------- ---------- ----- --------------------    
24-AUG-13 12.03.45.119862 PM  APPLY    SERVER  11.2.0.4            0 PSU  Patchset 11.2.0.2.0    
22-DEC-15 03.53.27.330912 PM  APPLY    SERVER  11.2.0.4            0 PSU  Patchset 11.2.0.2.0    
24-DEC-15 04.58.29.381100 PM  APPLY    SERVER  11.2.0.4            8 PSU  PSU 11.2.0.4.8

3 rows selected.

六、升级中碰到问题

检查下那些文件又问题