哈尔滨工业大学（威海）校园测速Proteus仿真

实验目的

大学校园，是学生和教师生活、学习和工作的地方，校园内的道路属于人员密集区域，既要保证校园内的交通通行便利，又要保证教师和学生的安全，就要在学校校园内设定车辆限速，为了规范车辆的速度，需要测速系统进行监督。故设计这样一款基于超声波的校园车辆测速系统。

使用的模块器件

STC80C52单片机

STC89C51是采用8051核的ISP（In System Programming）在系统可编程芯片，最高工作时钟频率为80MHz，片内含4K Bytes的可反复擦写1000次的Flash只读程序存储器，器件兼容标准MCS-51指令系统及80C51引脚结构，芯片内集成了通用8位中央处理器和ISP Flash存储单元，具有在系统可编程（ISP）特性，配合PC端的控制程序即可将用户的程序代码下载到单片机内部，省去了购买通用编程器，而且速度更快。
STC89C51系列单片机是单时钟/机器周期(1T)的兼容8051 内核单片机，是高速/ 低功耗的新一代8051 单片机，全新的流水线/精简指令集结构,内部集成MAX810 专用复位电路。

图 1 STC80C51

HC-SR04超声波测距模块

HC-SR04模块是一款利用超声波测量距离的模块，测量距离精确，能和国外的SRF05，SRF02等超声波模块相媲美。模块高精度，盲区2cm。
采用IO触发测距，给出至少10us的高电平信号，模块自动发送8个40kHz的方波，自动检测是否有信号返回，若有信号返回，通过IO输出一高电平，高电平持续的时间就是超声波从发射到接收的时间。

图 2 超声波模块

LCD（128*128）模块

该模块是一个128*128分辨率的LCD点阵屏，可以显示图片、文字、视频，采用T6963芯片进行控制。

图 3 LCD模块

系统设计思路

由超声波模块采集当前车辆的位置，间隔一个固定时间，再次采集车辆的位置信息，将两次采集到的位置信息作差，再除以当前温度下的声速，即可得到当前车辆的速度，将车速显示到液晶屏幕上。液晶屏幕轮询显示哈工大校徽、限速警示和当前速度三种图形。

设计参数和指标

1、能够测量0—100km/h的车速区间
2、能够测量5米以内的车辆

程序流程图

图 4 程序流程图

实验结果和分析

实验仿真电路图

仿真现象

图 6 哈工大校徽

图 7 减速慢行提示图

图 8 显示实时速度

图 9 无车时显示无速度

附录：

核心代码：
main.c

/*****************************************************
*@filename:            main.c
*@description:             实现校园车辆测速并显示
*@author:              ZhangRun
*@version：          v1.0
*@date：             2021/6/17
*@note:
****************************************************/#include "reg51.h"
#include "intrins.h"
#include "absacc.h"
#include "lcd128128.h"
#include "delay.h"
#include "speed.h"/*****************************************************
*@param:
*@return:
*@function:
*@author:              ZhangRun
*@date:                2021/6/17
*@note:
****************************************************/
void main()
{lcd_init();speed_init();//HC-SR04初始化while(1){display();}
}

lcd128128.c

/*****************************************************
*@filename:            lcd128128.c
*@description:             显示页面控制
*@author:              ZhangRun
*@version：          v1.0
*@date：             2021/6/17
*@note:
****************************************************/
#include "lcd128128.h"
#include "zimo.h"uint_16  lcdadress;                      //lcd地址
uint_8      lcdh,lcdl;                      //lcd地址高低/*****************************************************
*@param:
*@return:
*@function:            LCD初始化
*@author:              ZhangRun
*@date:                2021/6/17
*@note:
****************************************************/
void busycheck()
{uint_8 state;P0=0XFF;do{cd=1;                    // 选择指令通道，准备读取通道状态rd=0;                         //读有效state=P0;rd=1;}while((state&0x03)!=0x03);
}/*****************************************************
*@param:
*@return:
*@function:            LCD初始化
*@author:              ZhangRun
*@date:                2021/6/17
*@note:
****************************************************/
void setadr(void)                       //设定地址子程序
{lcdh=lcdadress/256;lcdl=lcdadress-lcdh*256;wrcode2(lcdl,lcdh,0x24);
}/*****************************************************
*@param:
*@return:
*@function:            LCD初始化
*@author:              ZhangRun
*@date:                2021/6/17
*@note:
****************************************************/
void wrcode0(uint_8 h)                      //无参数指令写入子程序
{busycheck();cd=1;                             //选择指令通道P0=h;wr=0;wr=1;
}/*****************************************************
*@param:
*@return:
*@function:            LCD初始化
*@author:              ZhangRun
*@date:                2021/6/17
*@note:
****************************************************/
void wrcode1(uint_8 i,uint_8 h)     //单参数指令写入子程序
{  wrdata(i);wrcode0(h);
}/*****************************************************
*@param:
*@return:
*@function:            LCD初始化
*@author:              ZhangRun
*@date:                2021/6/17
*@note:
****************************************************/
void wrcode2(uint_8 i,uint_8 j,uint_8 h)//双参数指令写入子程序
{wrdata(i);                         //第一个参数写入wrdata(j);                             //第二个参数写入wrcode0(h);
}/*****************************************************
*@param:
*@return:
*@function:            LCD初始化
*@author:              ZhangRun
*@date:                2021/6/17
*@note:
****************************************************/
void wrdata(uint_8 j)
{busycheck();cd=0;                                                         //选择数据通道P0=j;wr=0;wr=1;
}/*****************************************************
*@param:
*@return:
*@function:            LCD初始化
*@author:              ZhangRun
*@date:                2021/6/17
*@note:
****************************************************/
void disptupian(uint_8 *p,uint_8 x,uint_8 y,uint_8 base,uint_8 pianyi)
{int i,j;for(i=0;i<y;i++){lcdadress=base*30+pianyi+i*30+0x0800;setadr();for(j=0;j<x;j++){wrcode1(*p,0xc0);p++;}}
}/*****************************************************
*@param:
*@return:
*@function:            LCD初始化
*@author:              ZhangRun
*@date:                2021/6/17
*@note:
****************************************************/
void lcd_init()//LCD初始化
{     uint_16 i;wrcode2(0x04,0x00,0x22);wrcode2(0x00,0x00,0x40);        //文本区首地址设置（D1,D2,40H），0X0000wrcode2(0x1e,0x00,0x41);       //文本区宽度设置（D1,D2,41H），16字节每行wrcode2(0x00,0x08,0x42);        //图形区首地址设置（D1,D2,42H)，0x0800wrcode2(0x1e,0x00,0x43);      //图形区宽度(D1,D2,43H),30字节每行wrcode0(0x80);        //显示方式设置，内部字符发生器有效，逻辑或合成wrcode0(0x9c);             //显示开关指令，wrcode0(0xa3);              //光标形状选择，8点*7行wrcode2(0x00,0x08,0x24);       //移地址指针(D1,D2,24H),清图形区wrcode0(0xb0);           //自动写设置,准备清零for(i=0;i<2048;i++)           //128*128共2048个字节，清屏{wrdata(0x00);}wrcode0(0xb2);
} void display()
{DistanceValue= DistanceStatistics();disptupian(HIT,16,128,0,0); delay1ms(1000);disptupian(tupian,16,128,0,0); //清空disptupian(jiansu,16,32,0,0); disptupian(xiansu,16,96,32,0);  delay1ms(1000);disptupian(tupian,16,128,0,0); //清空DistanceValue2=DistanceStatistics();speed=(int)((DistanceValue2-DistanceValue)/115);disptupian(nindesudu,16,32,0,0);switch(speed){case    0:  disptupian(shu0,8,96,32,8);break;case   1:  disptupian(shu1,8,96,32,8);break;case   2:  disptupian(shu2,8,96,32,8);break;case   3:  disptupian(shu3,8,96,32,8);break;case   4:  disptupian(shu4,8,96,32,8);break;case   5:  disptupian(shu5,8,96,32,8);break;case   6:  disptupian(shu6,8,96,32,8);break;case   7:  disptupian(shu7,8,96,32,8);break;case   8:  disptupian(shu8,8,96,32,8);break;case   9:  disptupian(shu9,8,96,32,8);break;case   10: disptupian(shu1,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu0,8,96,32,8);break;case    11: disptupian(shu1,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu1,8,96,32,8);break;case    12: disptupian(shu1,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu2,8,96,32,8);break;case    13: disptupian(shu1,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu3,8,96,32,8);break;case    14: disptupian(shu1,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu4,8,96,32,8);break;case    15: disptupian(shu1,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu5,8,96,32,8);break;case    16: disptupian(shu1,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu6,8,96,32,8);break;case    17: disptupian(shu1,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu7,8,96,32,8);break;case    18: disptupian(shu1,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu8,8,96,32,8);break;case    19: disptupian(shu1,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu9,8,96,32,8);break;case    20: disptupian(shu2,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu0,8,96,32,8);break;case    21: disptupian(shu2,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu1,8,96,32,8);break;case    22: disptupian(shu2,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu2,8,96,32,8);break;case    23: disptupian(shu2,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu3,8,96,32,8);break;case    24: disptupian(shu2,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu4,8,96,32,8);break;case    25: disptupian(shu2,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu5,8,96,32,8);break;case    26: disptupian(shu2,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu6,8,96,32,8);break;case    27: disptupian(shu2,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu7,8,96,32,8);break;case    28: disptupian(shu2,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu8,8,96,32,8);break;case    29: disptupian(shu2,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu9,8,96,32,8);break;case    30: disptupian(shu3,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu0,8,96,32,8);break;case    31: disptupian(shu3,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu1,8,96,32,8);break;case    32: disptupian(shu3,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu2,8,96,32,8);break;case    33: disptupian(shu3,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu3,8,96,32,8);break;case    34: disptupian(shu3,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu4,8,96,32,8);break;case    35: disptupian(shu3,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu5,8,96,32,8);break;case    36: disptupian(shu3,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu6,8,96,32,8);break;case    37: disptupian(shu3,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu7,8,96,32,8);break;case    38: disptupian(shu3,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu8,8,96,32,8);break;case    39: disptupian(shu3,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu9,8,96,32,8);break;case    40: disptupian(shu4,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu0,8,96,32,8);break;case    41: disptupian(shu4,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu1,8,96,32,8);break;case    42: disptupian(shu4,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu2,8,96,32,8);break;case    43: disptupian(shu4,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu3,8,96,32,8);break;case    44: disptupian(shu4,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu4,8,96,32,8);break;case    45: disptupian(shu4,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu5,8,96,32,8);break;case    46: disptupian(shu4,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu6,8,96,32,8);break;case    47: disptupian(shu4,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu7,8,96,32,8);break;case    48: disptupian(shu4,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu8,8,96,32,8);break;case    49: disptupian(shu4,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu9,8,96,32,8);break;case    50: disptupian(shu5,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu0,8,96,32,8);break;case    51: disptupian(shu5,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu1,8,96,32,8);break;case    52: disptupian(shu5,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu2,8,96,32,8);break;case    53: disptupian(shu5,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu3,8,96,32,8);break;case    54: disptupian(shu5,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu4,8,96,32,8);break;case    55: disptupian(shu5,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu5,8,96,32,8);break;case    56: disptupian(shu5,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu6,8,96,32,8);break;case    57: disptupian(shu5,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu7,8,96,32,8);break;case    58: disptupian(shu5,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu8,8,96,32,8);break;case    59: disptupian(shu5,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu9,8,96,32,8);break;case    60: disptupian(shu6,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu0,8,96,32,8);break;case    61: disptupian(shu6,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu1,8,96,32,8);break;case    62: disptupian(shu6,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu2,8,96,32,8);break;case    63: disptupian(shu6,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu3,8,96,32,8);break;case    64: disptupian(shu6,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu4,8,96,32,8);break;case    65: disptupian(shu6,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu5,8,96,32,8);break;case    66: disptupian(shu6,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu6,8,96,32,8);break;case    67: disptupian(shu6,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu7,8,96,32,8);break;case    68: disptupian(shu6,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu8,8,96,32,8);break;case    69: disptupian(shu6,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu9,8,96,32,8);break;case    70: disptupian(shu7,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu0,8,96,32,8);break;case    71: disptupian(shu7,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu1,8,96,32,8);break;case    72: disptupian(shu7,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu2,8,96,32,8);break;case    73: disptupian(shu7,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu3,8,96,32,8);break;case    74: disptupian(shu7,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu4,8,96,32,8);break;case    75: disptupian(shu7,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu5,8,96,32,8);break;case    76: disptupian(shu7,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu6,8,96,32,8);break;case    77: disptupian(shu7,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu7,8,96,32,8);break;case    78: disptupian(shu7,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu8,8,96,32,8);break;case    79: disptupian(shu7,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu9,8,96,32,8);break;case    80: disptupian(shu8,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu0,8,96,32,8);break;case    81: disptupian(shu8,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu1,8,96,32,8);break;case    82: disptupian(shu8,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu2,8,96,32,8);break;case    83: disptupian(shu8,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu3,8,96,32,8);break;case    84: disptupian(shu8,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu4,8,96,32,8);break;case    85: disptupian(shu8,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu5,8,96,32,8);break;case    86: disptupian(shu8,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu6,8,96,32,8);break;case    87: disptupian(shu8,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu7,8,96,32,8);break;case    88: disptupian(shu8,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu8,8,96,32,8);break;case    89: disptupian(shu8,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu9,8,96,32,8);break;case    90: disptupian(shu9,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu0,8,96,32,8);break;case    91: disptupian(shu9,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu1,8,96,32,8);break;case    92: disptupian(shu9,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu2,8,96,32,8);break;case    93: disptupian(shu9,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu3,8,96,32,8);break;case    94: disptupian(shu9,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu4,8,96,32,8);break;case    95: disptupian(shu9,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu5,8,96,32,8);break;case    96: disptupian(shu9,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu6,8,96,32,8);break;case    97: disptupian(shu9,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu7,8,96,32,8);break;case    98: disptupian(shu9,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu8,8,96,32,8);break;case    99: disptupian(shu9,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu9,8,96,32,8);break;default:disptupian(shu1,8,96,32,0);disptupian(shu9,8,96,32,8);break;}delay1ms(2000);
}

speed.c

/*****************************************************
*@filename:            main.c
*@description:             测速
*@author:              ZhangRun
*@version：          v1.0
*@date：             2021/6/17
*@note:
****************************************************/
#include "speed.h"int     count           =      0;float DistanceValue       =      0.0;    //测量的距离值
float DistanceValue2        =      0.0;
uint_8 speed;
float SPEEDSOUND;               //声速/*****************************************************
*@param:
*@return:
*@function:            测量距离
*@author:              ZhangRun
*@date:                2021/6/17
*@note:
****************************************************/
float MeasuringDistance()
{TH0=0;                //最大定时时间约65msTL0=0;Trig=1;                //生成20us的脉冲宽度的触发信号Delay20us();Trig=0;while(!Echo); //等待回响信号变高电平TR0=1;         //启动定时器0while(Echo);    //等待回响信号变低电平TR0=0;             //关闭定时器0return (SPEEDSOUND*(TH0*256.0+TL0))/2000;      //返回距离值(mm)
}
/*****************************************************
*@param:
*@return:
*@function:            HCSR04初始化
*@author:              ZhangRun
*@date:                2021/6/17
*@note:
****************************************************/
void speed_init()
{SPEEDSOUND=334.1+25*0.61;                Trig=0;    Echo=0;TMOD=0x01;
}
/*****************************************************
*@param:
*@return:
*@function:            测距的数值排序求平均
*@author:              ZhangRun
*@date:                2021/6/17
*@note:
****************************************************/
float DistanceStatistics()
{uint_8 i;float disData;for(i=0;i<7;i++)                          //连续测距{disData+=MeasuringDistance();  delay1ms(1);}return disData/7.0;
}

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PHP服务器在线测速系统源码+亲测可用
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哈尔滨工业大学（威海）校园测速系统Proteus仿真