小闹钟项目

在额济纳支教这一年，给孩子们上了很多Arduino开发的课，也带他们完成了几个Arduino综合项目，下面陆续把这些小项目放上来，欢迎围观~~~非科班出身，C语言学的不好，望各路大神批评指点。

功能介绍

本项目主要是实现基本的闹钟功能：

LCD屏幕实时显示当前时间(年、月、日、星期、时、分、秒)以及闹钟的开关；

通过4*4键盘可以设置初始时间及闹钟时间；

通过键盘，还可以查看当前设置的闹钟时间；

当闹钟时间到了，蜂鸣器便会响起，同时LED亮起，可以通过键盘关闭闹钟。

准备材料

Arduino UNO *1

LCD 1602A *1

LCD1602液晶屏转接板(PCF8574AT) *1

4*4 矩阵键盘 *1

RTC I2C时钟模块(DS1307)

蜂鸣器 *1

LED灯 *1

面包板 *1

跳线若干

电烙铁、松香、焊锡等

就不给出购买链接了，这些材料在某宝上随便一搜就有~

模块接线

键盘与Arduino

R1-C4 -> 2-9

键盘与Arduino接线示意图

LCD 1602与转接板

如下图把转接板与LCD1602焊接在一起就行了，或者也可以插在面包板上。

LCD 1602与转接板焊接图

转接板与Arduino

PCF8574T

Arduino

GND

->

GND

VCC

->

5V

SDA

->

A4

SCL

->

A5

DS1307时钟模块与Arduino

DS1307

Arduino

GND

->

GND

VCC

->

5V

SDA

->

AREF上一个口

SCL

->

AREF上两个口

DS1307时钟模块与Arduino接线示意图

蜂鸣器、LED灯与Arduino

蜂鸣器、LED灯

Arduino

负极

->

GND

正极

->

10

第三方库

#include

#include "RTClib.h"

#include

#include

下载地址：

源程序

/*-----( Import needed libraries )-----*/

#include

#include

#include

#include "RTClib.h"

#include

#include

void formatPrint( int hour, int minute, int second);

String show_s(int a,int b,int c,int d);

void menu();

char set_time();

char input_show(int x);

char set_time_year();

char set_time_month();

char set_time_day();

char set_time_hour();

char set_time_minute();

char set_time_second();

char set_clock();

char set_clock_hour();

char set_clock_minute();

char set_clock_second();

LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x3F,2,1,0,4,5,6,7); // 0x27 is the I2C bus address for an unmodified backpack

char y[4]; //存储year的数值

int i=0;//循环计数

/**初始时间**/

int py; //year

int pmo; //month

int pd; //day

int ph; //hour

int pmi; //minute

int ps; //second

/**闹钟时间**/

//int cy = 2015; //year

//int cmo = 5; //month

//int cd = 21; //day

int ch = 00; //hour

int cmi = 00; //minute

int cs = 00; //second

char daysOfTheWeek[7][12] = {"Sun", "Mon", "Tue", "Wed", "Thu", "Fri", "Sat"};

int menu_flag = 0;

int show_flag = 1; //1是显示，-1是不显示

int switch_flag = 1; //1是开，-1是关

const byte ROWS = 4; //four rows

const byte COLS = 4; //three columns

char keys[ROWS][COLS] = {

{'0','1','2','3'},

{'4','5','6','7'},

{'8','9','A','B'},

{'C','D','E','F'}

};

byte rowPins[ROWS] = {2, 3, 4, 5}; //connect to the row pinouts of the keypad

byte colPins[COLS] = {6, 7, 8, 9}; //connect to the column pinouts of the keypad

//initializes an instance of the Keypad class

Keypad keypad = Keypad( makeKeymap(keys), rowPins, colPins, ROWS, COLS );

/*-----( Declare objects )-----*/

RTC_DS1307 rtc; // Create a RealTimeClock object

defineTask(Task1)

void Task1::setup() {

Serial.begin(9600);

pinMode(10,OUTPUT);

}

void Task1::loop() {

char key = keypad.getKey();

if (key == 'F'){

show_flag = -show_flag;

menu();

show_flag = 1;

}else if(key == 'C'){

switch_flag = -switch_flag;

noTone(10);

}else if(key == 'D'){

show_flag = -show_flag;

lcd.clear();

lcd.noBlink();

lcd.setCursor(3,0);

lcd.print("Alarm Clock");

formatPrint(ch, cmi, cs);

if(keypad.waitForKey())

show_flag = -show_flag;

}

DateTime nowClock = rtc.now(); // Read data from the RTC Chip

if(nowClock.hour() == ch && nowClock.minute() == cmi && nowClock.second() == cs && switch_flag == 1)

{

tone(10, 31);

key = keypad.getKey();

if(key == 'C'){

switch_flag = -switch_flag;

noTone(10);

}

}

}

void setup() /****** SETUP: RUNS ONCE ******/

{

Serial.begin(9600); // Set up for Serial Monitor to be able to see this work

/*----( These lines allow code to work also on Arduino DUE )----- */

// Put these "//" in front of the line you do NOT want to use

// following line sets the RTC to the date & time this sketch was compiled

// rtc.adjust(DateTime(F(__DATE__), F(__TIME__)));

// This line sets the RTC with an explicit date & time, for example to set

// May 21, 2015 at 6pm you would call: (use 24 hour time)

#ifdef AVR

Wire.begin();

#else

Wire1.begin(); // Shield I2C pins connect to alt I2C bus on Arduino Due

#endif

rtc.begin(); // Start the RTC library code

rtc.adjust(DateTime(2015, 5, 21, 18, 0, 0));

lcd.begin (16,2); // for 16 x 2 LCD module

lcd.setBacklightPin(3,POSITIVE);

lcd.setBacklight(HIGH);

mySCoop.start();

}

void loop() /****** LOOP: RUNS CONSTANTLY ******/

{

switch(show_flag){

case 1:{

DateTime now = rtc.now(); // Read data from the RTC Chip

//lcd.home (); // set cursor to 0,0

lcd.noBlink();

lcd.setCursor(1,0);

lcd.print(show_s(now.year(),now.month(),now.day(),1)+' ' +daysOfTheWeek[now.dayOfTheWeek()]);

lcd.setCursor (4,1); // go to start of 2nd line

if(switch_flag == 1)

lcd.print(String(show_s(now.hour(),now.minute(),now.second(),0)+" o"));

else

lcd.print(String(show_s(now.hour(),now.minute(),now.second(),0)+" x"));

break;

}

case -1:{

break;

}

}

yield(); //本函数必须放在主线的loop循环体中

}//--(end main loop )---

//显示日期和时间的字符拼合及补零函数

String show_s(int a,int b,int c,int d){

String s1,s2,s3;

if(a<10)

s1 = String('0'+String(a));

else

s1 = String(a);

if(b<10)

s2 = String('0'+String(b));

else

s2 = String(b);

if(c<10)

s3 = String('0'+String(c));

else

s3 = String(c);

if(d==1)

return String(s1+'/'+s2+'/'+s3);

else

return String(s1+':'+s2+':'+s3);

}

//菜单函数

void menu(){

rmenu:

char m1,m2;

lcd.clear();

lcd.noBlink();

lcd.setCursor(0,0);

lcd.print("1.Set_Time");

lcd.setCursor (0,1); // go to start of 2nd line

lcd.print("2.Set_Clock");

int f = keypad.waitForKey();

switch(f){

case '1':lcd.clear();

lcd.home();

lcd.print("<<<>>>");

m1 = set_time();

if(m1 == '#')

goto rmenu;

break;

case '2':lcd.clear();

lcd.home();

lcd.print("<<<>>>");

m2 = set_clock();

if(m2 == '#')

goto rmenu;

break;

default: show_flag = -show_flag;

break;

}

lcd.clear();

}

/**---设置初始时间---**/

char set_time(){

char t1,t2,t3,t4,t5,t6;

styear:

t1 = set_time_year();

if(t1 == '#')

return '#';

Serial.println(py);

stmonth:

t2 = set_time_month();

if(t2 == '#')

goto styear;

Serial.println(pmo);

stday:

t3 = set_time_day();

if(t3 == '#')

goto stmonth;

Serial.println(pd);

sthour:

t4 = set_time_hour();

if(t4 == '#')

goto stday;

Serial.println(ph);

stminute:

t5 = set_time_minute();

if(t5 == '#')

goto sthour;

Serial.println(pmi);

t6 = set_time_second();

if(t6 == '#')

goto stminute;

Serial.println(ps);

rtc.adjust(DateTime(py, pmo, pd, ph, pmi, ps));

lcd.clear();

lcd.setCursor (1,0);

lcd.print("Press any key!");

lcd.setCursor (3,1);

lcd.print("Success!");

keypad.waitForKey();

show_flag = -show_flag;

}

char set_time_year(){

char k1;

lcd.clear();

lcd.home();

lcd.print("<<<>>>");

lcd.setCursor (2,1);

lcd.blink();

lcd.print("Year:");

for(i=0;i<4;i++){

tYear:

y[i] = input_show(i+7);

Serial.println(y[i]);

if(y[i]=='*')

i = i-2;

else if(y[i]=='#')

return '#';

if(i == 3)

while(1){

k1 = keypad.waitForKey();

if( k1 == 'B'){ //确定

py = (int(y[0])-48)*1000+(int(y[1])-48)*100+(int(y[2])-48)*10+(int(y[3])-48);

break;

}else if( k1 == 'A'){//取消

lcd.setCursor(i+7,1);

lcd.print(" ");

lcd.setCursor(i+7,1);

goto tYear;

}

}

}

}

char set_time_month(){

char k1;

lcd.clear();

lcd.home();

lcd.print("<<<>>>");

lcd.setCursor (1,1);

lcd.blink();

lcd.print("Month:");

for(i=0;i<2;i++){

tMonth:

y[i] = input_show(i+7);

if(y[i]=='*')

i = i-2;

else if(y[i]=='#')

return '#';

if(i == 1){

while(1){

k1 = keypad.waitForKey();

if( k1 == 'B'){ //确定

pmo = (int(y[0])-48)*10+(int(y[1])-48);

break;

}else if( k1 == 'A'){//取消

lcd.setCursor(i+7,1);

lcd.print(" ");

lcd.setCursor(i+7,1);

goto tMonth;

}

}

}

}

if(pmo > 12 || pmo < 1){

Serial.print("error");

lcd.clear();

lcd.setCursor (5,1);

lcd.print("ERROR!");

keypad.waitForKey();

set_time_month();

}

}

char set_time_day(){

char k1;

lcd.clear();

lcd.home();

lcd.print("<<<>>>");

lcd.setCursor (3,1);

lcd.blink();

lcd.print("Day:");

for(i=0;i<2;i++){

tDay:

y[i] = input_show(i+7);

if(y[i]=='*')

i = i-2;

else if(y[i]=='#')

return '#';

if(i == 1){

while(1){

k1 = keypad.waitForKey();

if( k1 == 'B'){ //确定

pd = (int(y[0])-48)*10+(int(y[1])-48);

break;

}else if( k1 == 'A'){//取消

lcd.setCursor(i+7,1);

lcd.print(" ");

lcd.setCursor(i+7,1);

goto tDay;

}

}

}

}

if(pd > 31 || pd < 1){

Serial.print("error");

lcd.clear();

lcd.setCursor (5,1);

lcd.print("ERROR!");

keypad.waitForKey();

set_time_day();

}

}

char set_time_hour(){

char k1;

lcd.clear();

lcd.home();

lcd.print("<<<>>>");

lcd.setCursor (2,1);

lcd.blink();

lcd.print("Hour:");

for(i=0;i<2;i++){

tHour:

y[i] = input_show(i+7);

if(y[i]=='*')

i = i-2;

else if(y[i]=='#')

return '#';

if(i == 1){

while(1){

k1 = keypad.waitForKey();

if( k1 == 'B'){ //确定

ph = (int(y[0])-48)*10+(int(y[1])-48);

break;

}else if( k1 == 'A'){//取消

lcd.setCursor(i+7,1);

lcd.print(" ");

lcd.setCursor(i+7,1);

goto tHour;

}

}

}

}

if(ph > 24 || ph < 0){

Serial.print("error");

lcd.clear();

lcd.setCursor (5,1);

lcd.print("ERROR!");

keypad.waitForKey();

set_time_hour();

}

}

char set_time_minute(){

char k1;

lcd.clear();

lcd.home();

lcd.print("<<<>>>");

lcd.setCursor (0,1);

lcd.blink();

lcd.print("Minute:");

for(i=0;i<2;i++){

tMinute:

y[i] = input_show(i+7);

if(y[i]=='*')

i = i-2;

else if(y[i]=='#')

return '#';

if(i == 1){

while(1){

k1 = keypad.waitForKey();

if( k1 == 'B'){ //确定

pmi = (int(y[0])-48)*10+(int(y[1])-48);

break;

}else if( k1 == 'A'){//取消

lcd.setCursor(i+7,1);

lcd.print(" ");

lcd.setCursor(i+7,1);

goto tMinute;

}

}

}

}

if(pmi > 60 || pmi < 0){

Serial.print("error");

lcd.clear();

lcd.setCursor (5,1);

lcd.print("ERROR!");

keypad.waitForKey();

set_time_minute();

}

}

char set_time_second(){

char k1;

lcd.clear();

lcd.home();

lcd.print("<<<>>>");

lcd.setCursor (0,1);

lcd.blink();

lcd.print("Second:");

for(i=0;i<2;i++){

tSecond:

y[i] = input_show(i+7);

if(y[i]=='*')

i = i-2;

else if(y[i]=='#')

return '#';

if(i == 1){

while(1){

k1 = keypad.waitForKey();

if( k1 == 'B'){ //确定

ps = (int(y[0])-48)*10+(int(y[1])-48);

break;

}else if( k1 == 'A'){//取消

lcd.setCursor(i+7,1);

lcd.print(" ");

lcd.setCursor(i+7,1);

goto tSecond;

}

}

}

}

if(ps > 60 || ps < 0){

Serial.print("error");

lcd.clear();

lcd.setCursor (5,1);

lcd.print("ERROR!");

keypad.waitForKey();

set_time_second();

}

}

/**---设置初始时间结束---**/

/**---设置闹钟时间---**/

char set_clock(){

char c1,c2,c3;

schour:

c1 = set_clock_hour();

if(c1 == '#')

return '#';

Serial.println(ch);

scminute:

c2 = set_clock_minute();

if(c2 == '#')

goto schour;

Serial.println(cmi);

c3 = set_clock_second();

if(c3 == '#')

goto scminute;

Serial.println(cs);

lcd.clear();

lcd.setCursor (1,0);

lcd.print("Press any key!");

lcd.setCursor (3,1);

lcd.print("Success!");

keypad.waitForKey();

show_flag = -show_flag;

}

char set_clock_hour(){

char k1;

lcd.clear();

lcd.home();

lcd.print("<<<>>");

lcd.setCursor (2,1);

lcd.blink();

lcd.print("Hour:");

for(i=0;i<2;i++){

cHour:

y[i] = input_show(i+7);

if(y[i]=='*')

i = i-2;

else if(y[i]=='#')

return '#';

if(i == 1){

while(1){

k1 = keypad.waitForKey();

if( k1 == 'B'){ //确定

ch = (int(y[0])-48)*10+(int(y[1])-48);

break;

}else if( k1 == 'A'){//取消

lcd.setCursor(i+7,1);

lcd.print(" ");

lcd.setCursor(i+7,1);

goto cHour;

}

}

}

}

if(ch > 24 || ch < 0){

Serial.print("error");

lcd.clear();

lcd.setCursor (5,1);

lcd.print("ERROR!");

keypad.waitForKey();

set_clock_hour();

}

}

char set_clock_minute(){

char k1;

lcd.clear();

lcd.home();

lcd.print("<<<>>");

lcd.setCursor (0,1);

lcd.blink();

lcd.print("Minute:");

for(i=0;i<2;i++){

cMinute:

y[i] = input_show(i+7);

if(y[i]=='*')

i = i-2;

else if(y[i]=='#')

return '#';

if(i == 1){

while(1){

k1 = keypad.waitForKey();

if( k1 == 'B'){ //确定

cmi = (int(y[0])-48)*10+(int(y[1])-48);

break;

}else if( k1 == 'A'){//取消

lcd.setCursor(i+7,1);

lcd.print(" ");

lcd.setCursor(i+7,1);

goto cMinute;

}

}

}

}

if(cmi > 60 || cmi < 0){

Serial.print("error");

lcd.clear();

lcd.setCursor (5,1);

lcd.print("ERROR!");

keypad.waitForKey();

set_clock_minute();

}

}

char set_clock_second(){

char k1;

lcd.clear();

lcd.home();

lcd.print("<<<>>");

lcd.setCursor (0,1);

lcd.blink();

lcd.print("Second:");

for(i=0;i<2;i++){

cSecond:

y[i] = input_show(i+7);

if(y[i]=='*')

i = i-2;

else if(y[i]=='#')

return '#';

if(i == 1){

while(1){

k1 = keypad.waitForKey();

if( k1 == 'B'){ //确定

cs = (int(y[0])-48)*10+(int(y[1])-48);

break;

}else if( k1 == 'A'){//取消

lcd.setCursor(i+7,1);

lcd.print(" ");

lcd.setCursor(i+7,1);

goto cSecond;

}

}

}

}

if(cs > 60 || cs < 0){

Serial.print("error");

lcd.clear();

lcd.setCursor (5,1);

lcd.print("ERROR!");

keypad.waitForKey();

set_clock_second();

}

}

/**---设置闹钟时间结束---**/

char input_show(int x){

char k = keypad.waitForKey();

if(k == 'A'){ //"取消"

if(x-1>6){

lcd.setCursor(x-1,1);

lcd.print(" ");

lcd.setCursor(x-1,1);

return '*';

}else{

return '#';

}

}else if( k >= '0' && k <= '9'){

lcd.setCursor(x,1);

lcd.print(k);

Serial.println(i);

return k;

}else{

i = i-1;

Serial.println(i);

}

}

void formatPrint( int hour, int minute, int second){

lcd.noBlink();

lcd.setCursor (4,1); // go to start of 2nd line

if(hour<10){

lcd.print(0);

lcd.setCursor (5,1); // go to start of 2nd line

lcd.print(hour);

}else

lcd.print(hour);

lcd.setCursor(6,1);

lcd.print(":");

lcd.setCursor(7,1);

if(minute<10){

lcd.print(0);

lcd.setCursor (8,1); // go to start of 2nd line

lcd.print(minute);

}else

lcd.print(minute);

lcd.setCursor(9,1);

lcd.print(":");

lcd.setCursor(10,1);

if(second<10){

lcd.print(0);

lcd.setCursor(11,1); // go to start of 2nd line

lcd.print(second);

}else

lcd.print(second);

}

演示视频

写在最后

每个模块不不清楚怎么用的可以参考我之前写的基础教程；

实在是想不出其他办法了，才在程序里用了goto语句，接受各路大神批评指正！