多实例在生产很常用，一方面节约了成本，一方面可以充分利用资源，提高数据处理速度（服务器性能够好），之前请教过贺磊dba一点MySQL多实例一些问题，部署安装比较简单，这里总结一下MySQL多实例部署的两种方式：

eg配置文件:(单独管理）

#MySQLone
/usr/local/mysqlone/my.cnf
#MySQLtwo
/usr/local/mysqltwo/my.cnf

eg：启动方式（独立启动）

[root@MySQL ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqldone start
[root@MySQL ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqltwo start

eg:进程查看|进程查看

[root@MySQL ~]# netstat -atupn|grep -E --color '3306|3307'
tcp        0      0 :::3306                     :::*                        LISTEN      7071/mysqld
tcp        0      0 :::3307                     :::*                        LISTEN      7077/mysqld
[root@MySQL ~]#

二、集中部署(mysqld_multi)

eg：配置文件（集中管理）

/etc/my.cnf
[mysqld3306]
port = 3306
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysqlone
#启动可自定义，也可配置文件定义
#socket  =
#pidfile =
log-error
[mysqld3307]
port = 3307
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysqltwo
#启动可自定义，也可配置文件定义
#socket  =
#pidfile =
#log-error
[mysqld_multi]
mysqld=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
mysqladmin=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin

eg：初始化方式：

/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/MySQL_3306 --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --user=mysql
/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/MySQL_3307 --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --user=mysql

eg：启动方式：（其它参数可自定义）

[root@MySQL ~]# mysqld_multi  start 3306,3307
[root@MySQL ~]# mysqld_multi  report
Reporting MySQL servers
MySQL server from group: mysqld3306 is running
MySQL server from group: mysqld3307 is running
[root@MySQL ~]#
#停止一个实例：
[root@MySQL ~]# mysqld_multi stop 3306
[root@MySQL ~]# mysqld_multi report
Reporting MySQL servers
MySQL server from group: mysqld3306 is not running
MySQL server from group: mysqld3307 is running
[root@MySQL ~]#

eg：端口查看|进程查看

[root@MySQL ~]# netstat -atupn|grep -E --color '3306|3307'
tcp        0      0 :::3306                     :::*                        LISTEN      7071/mysqld
tcp        0      0 :::3307                     :::*                        LISTEN      7077/mysqld
[root@MySQL ~]#

三、客户端访问：

3306：

[root@MySQL ~]# mysql --sock=/usr/local/mysql/data/MySQL_3306/mysql.sock
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.6.21-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>

3307：

[root@MySQL ~]# mysql --sock=/usr/local/mysql/data/MySQL_3307/mysql.sock
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.6.21-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>

如有不足，可指教。