近期Oracle被安全部门扫出来不少漏洞，要打相应的补丁。Oracle版本是11.2.0.1，平台是Windows Server 2008 R2。

首先在MOS上下载了相应patch，解压，用opatch apply安装，结果报错：

[2018-12-7 10:08:35] [INFO]         opatch-external.jar is in C:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\OPatch\jlib\opatch-external.jar

[2018-12-7 10:08:35] [INFO]         [OPSR-TIME] Loading cooked inventory

[2018-12-7 10:08:35] [INFO]         [OPSR-MEMORY] : Loading cooked one offs. Heap memory used 18 (MB)

[2018-12-7 10:08:35] [INFO]         [OPSR-MEMORY] : Loaded cooked oneoffs. Heap memory used : 18 (MB)

[2018-12-7 10:08:35] [INFO]         [OPSR-TIME] Cooked inventory loaded successfully

[2018-12-7 10:08:35] [INFO]         Checking if Oracle Home has components required by patches...

[2018-12-7 10:08:35] [INFO]         CheckMissingComps: Cached file does not exist or is invalid, re-build prereq result.

[2018-12-7 10:08:35] [INFO]         Checking conflict among patches...

[2018-12-7 10:08:35] [INFO]         Running prereq checkConflictAmongPatchesWithDetail

[2018-12-7 10:08:36] [INFO]         Following patches can be applied:  10100101

[2018-12-7 10:08:36] [INFO]         Following patches are not required:

[2018-12-7 10:08:36] [INFO]         Following patches are auto rollbackable:

[2018-12-7 10:08:36] [INFO]         Finished checking prereq checkConflictAmongPatchesWithDetail

[2018-12-7 10:08:36] [INFO]         Conflict checking amongst patches PASSED

[2018-12-7 10:08:36] [INFO]         Checking conflicts against Oracle Home...

[2018-12-7 10:08:36] [INFO]         Running prereq checkConflictAgainstOHWithDetail

[2018-12-7 10:08:36] [INFO]         Following patches can be applied:  10100101

[2018-12-7 10:08:36] [INFO]         Following patches are not required:

[2018-12-7 10:08:36] [INFO]         Following patches are auto rollbackable:

[2018-12-7 10:08:36] [INFO]         Finished checking prereq checkConflictAgainstOHWithDetail

[2018-12-7 10:08:36] [INFO]         Running prerequisite checks...

[2018-12-7 10:08:36] [INFO]         Space Needed : 835.45MB

[2018-12-7 10:08:36] [INFO]         Prereq checkPatchApplicableOnCurrentPlatform Passed for patch : 10100101

[2018-12-7 10:08:36] [INFO]         Following active files are not used by opatch process :

C:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\bin\oci.dll

Following active files are used by opatch process :

[2018-12-7 10:08:36] [INFO]         Prerequisite check "CheckActiveFilesAndExecutables" failed.

The details are:

Following active files are not used by opatch process :

C:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\bin\oci.dll

Following active files are used by opatch process :

[2018-12-7 10:08:36] [SEVERE]       OUI-67073:UtilSession 失败: Prerequisite check "CheckActiveFilesAndExecutables" failed.

[2018-12-7 10:08:36] [INFO]         Finishing UtilSession at Fri Dec 07 10:08:36 CST 2018

[2018-12-7 10:08:36] [INFO]         Log file location: C:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\cfgtoollogs\opatch\opatch2018-12-07_10-08-32上午_1.log

[2018-12-7 10:08:36] [INFO]         堆栈说明: java.lang.RuntimeException: Prerequisite check "CheckActiveFilesAndExecutables" failed.

at oracle.opatch.OPatchSessionHelper.runApplyPrereqs(OPatchSessionHelper.java:6699)

at oracle.opatch.opatchutil.NApply.legacy_process(NApply.java:998)

at oracle.opatch.opatchutil.NApply.legacy_process(NApply.java:368)

at oracle.opatch.opatchutil.NApply.process(NApply.java:348)

at oracle.opatch.opatchutil.OUSession.napply(OUSession.java:1108)

at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)

at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)

at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)

at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)

at oracle.opatch.UtilSession.process(UtilSession.java:359)

at oracle.opatch.OPatchSession.process(OPatchSession.java:2650)

at oracle.opatch.OPatch.process(OPatch.java:784)

at oracle.opatch.OPatch.main(OPatch.java:834)

Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Prerequisite check "CheckActiveFilesAndExecutables" failed.

... 13 more

Caused by: oracle.opatch.PrereqFailedException: Prerequisite check "CheckActiveFilesAndExecutables" failed.

... 13 more

报CheckActiveFilesAndExecutables，说明有Oracle的相关文件被锁定了。但报错日志中并没有列出哪些被锁定。

查看相关Oracle服务，都已经关闭了，应该没有文件被锁定才对：

仔细查看报错日志，发现

Following active files are not used by opatch process :

C:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\bin\oci.dll

报oci.dll还处在活动状态，仔细想了想，虽然日志中应该是Windows在启动时根据Oracle的环境变量加载了某些文件，应该是这些文件导致opatch失败。因此采取以下措施：

1.修改Windows环境变量，去掉path中Oracle相关配置

2.将Oracle自动启动的服务调整为手动

重启Windows后，重新opatch apply，问题被成功解决。