python--pygame模块--外星人入侵小游戏项目（全）

目录结构

外星人图片。。。我用的一哥们的微信头像。。。。

下边是所有的代码：

alien_invasion.py

import sys
import pygame
from settings import Settings
from game_stats import GameStats
from scoreboard import Scoreboard
from button import Button
from ship import Ship
from alien import Alien
from pygame.sprite import Group
import game_functions as gfdef run_game():pygame.init()ai_settings = Settings()# 设置屏幕长宽screen = pygame.display.set_mode((ai_settings.screen_width, ai_settings.screen_height))# 给游戏打开窗口命名pygame.display.set_caption("带你一起打死韩冬兴")# 创建Play按钮play_button = Button(ai_settings, screen, "Play")# 创建一个用户存储游戏统计信息的实例stats = GameStats(ai_settings)sb = Scoreboard(ai_settings, screen, stats)ship = Ship(ai_settings, screen)bullets = Group()aliens = Group()gf.create_fleet(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens)while True:gf.check_events(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb,play_button, ship, aliens, bullets)if stats.game_active:ship.update()gf.update_bullets(ai_settings, screen, stats,sb, ship, aliens, bullets)gf.update_aliens(screen, ship, ai_settings, aliens, stats, bullets, sb)gf.update_screen(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship,aliens, bullets, play_button)run_game()

alien.py

import pygame
from pygame.sprite import Spriteclass Alien(Sprite):"""表示单个外星人的类"""def __init__(self, ai_settings, screen):super().__init__()self.screen = screenself.ai_settings = ai_settings# 加载外星人图像，并设置其rect属性self.image = pygame.image.load("D:\\python_work\\alien_invasion\\images\\alien.bmp")self.rect = self.image.get_rect()# 每个外星人最初都在屏幕左上角附近self.rect.x = self.rect.widthself.rect.y = self.rect.heightself.x = float(self.rect.x)def blitme(self):self.screen.blit(self.image, self.rect)def update(self):"""向左或者向右移动外星人"""self.x += (self.ai_settings.alien_speed_factor *self.ai_settings.fleet_direction)self.rect.x = self.xdef check_edges(self):"""如果外星人位于屏幕边缘，就返回True"""screen_rect = self.screen.get_rect()if self.rect.right >= screen_rect.right:return Trueelif self.rect.left <= 0:return True

bullet.py

import pygame
from pygame.sprite import Spriteclass Bullet(Sprite):"""这是一个飞船发射的子弹管理的类"""def __init__(self, ai_settings, screen, ship):super().__init__()self.screen = screen# 在(0,0)处创建一个表示子弹的矩形，在设置正确的位置self.rect = pygame.Rect(0, 0, ai_settings.bullet_width, ai_settings.bullet_height)self.rect.centerx = ship.rect.centerxself.rect.top = ship.rect.top# 存储用小数表示子弹的位置self.y = float(self.rect.y)self.color = ai_settings.bullet_colorself.speed_factor = ai_settings.bullet_speed_factordef update(self):"""向上移动子弹"""self.y -= self.speed_factorself.rect.y = self.ydef draw_bullet(self):"""在屏幕上绘制子弹"""pygame.draw.rect(self.screen, self.color, self.rect)

button.py

import pygame.fontclass Button():def __init__(self, ai_settings, screen, msg):"""初始化按钮属性"""self.screen = screenself.screen_rect = screen.get_rect()# 设置按钮的尺寸和其他属性self.width, self.height = 200, 50self.button_color = (72, 61, 139)  # 设置按钮的rect对象颜色为深蓝self.text_color = (255, 255, 255)  # 设置文本的颜色为白色# 设置了字体为默认字体，字号大小为48self.font = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 40)# 创建按钮rect对象，使其居中显示self.rect = pygame.Rect(0, 0, self.width, self.height)self.rect.center = self.screen_rect.center# 按钮的标签只需要创建一次self.prep_msg(msg)def prep_msg(self, msg):"""将msg渲染为图像，并使其在按钮上居中显示"""self.msg_image = self.font.render(msg, True, self.text_color, self.button_color)self.msg_image_rect = self.msg_image.get_rect()self.msg_image_rect.center = self.rect.centerdef draw_button(self):# 绘制一个用颜色填充的按钮，再绘制文本self.screen.fill(self.button_color, self.rect)self.screen.blit(self.msg_image, self.msg_image_rect)

checkcode.py这个没用的，不用弄了。。。忘了删了。。。

game_functions.py

import sys
from time import sleep
import pygame
from bullet import Bullet
from alien import Aliendef check_keydown_events(event, ai_settings, screen, ship, bullets):"""响应按键"""if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:ship.moving_right = Trueelif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:ship.moving_left = Trueelif event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:fire_bullet(ai_settings, screen, ship, bullets)elif event.key == pygame.K_q:sys.exit()def check_keyup_events(event, ship):"""响应松开"""if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:ship.moving_right = Falseelif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:ship.moving_left = Falsedef check_events(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, play_button, ship, aliens, bullets):"""响应按键和鼠标事件"""for event in pygame.event.get():if event.type == pygame.QUIT:sys.exit()elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:check_keydown_events(event, ai_settings, screen, ship, bullets)elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP:check_keyup_events(event, ship)elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:mouse_x, mouse_y = pygame.mouse.get_pos()check_play_button(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, play_button,ship, aliens, bullets, mouse_x, mouse_y)def check_play_button(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, play_button, ship, aliens, bullets, mouse_x, mouse_y):"""在玩家单机play按钮时开始新游戏"""button_clicked = play_button.rect.collidepoint(mouse_x, mouse_y)if button_clicked and not stats.game_active:# 重置游戏设置ai_settings.initialize_dynamic_settings()# 隐藏光标pygame.mouse.set_visible(False)# 重置游戏统计信息stats.reset_stats()stats.game_active = True# 重置记分牌图像sb.prep_score()sb.prep_level()sb.prep_high_score()sb.prep_ships()aliens.empty()bullets.empty()create_fleet(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens)ship.center_ship()def update_screen(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets, play_button):"""更新屏幕上的图像，并切换到新屏幕"""# 给屏幕填充颜色screen.fill(ai_settings.bg_color)for bullet in bullets.sprites():bullet.draw_bullet()ship.blitme()aliens.draw(screen)# 显示得分sb.show_score()if not stats.game_active:play_button.draw_button()# 让最新绘制的屏幕可见pygame.display.flip()def update_bullets(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets):"""更新子弹的位置，并删除已经消失的子弹"""bullets.update()for bullet in bullets.copy():if bullet.rect.bottom <= 0:bullets.remove(bullet)check_bullet_alien_collisions(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets)def check_bullet_alien_collisions(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets):"""响应子弹和外星人的碰撞"""# 检查是否有子弹击中了外星人，如果击中，就删除外星人和相应的子弹collisions = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(bullets, aliens, True, True)if collisions:for aliens in collisions.values():stats.score += ai_settings.alien_points * len(aliens)sb.prep_score()check_high_score(stats, sb)if len(aliens) == 0:# 删除现有的子弹并新建一群外星人,加快游戏节奏,提升一个等级bullets.empty()ai_settings.increase_speed()stats.level += 1sb.prep_level()create_fleet(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens)def fire_bullet(ai_settings, screen, ship, bullets):if len(bullets) < ai_settings.bullets_allowed:new_bullet = Bullet(ai_settings, screen, ship)bullets.add(new_bullet)def create_fleet(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens):"""创建外星人群"""# 创建一个外星人并计算一行可容纳多少个外星人# 外星人的间距为外星人的宽度alien = Alien(ai_settings, screen)number_aliens_x = get_number_aliens_x(ai_settings, alien.rect.width)number_rows = get_number_rows(ai_settings, ship.rect.height, alien.rect.height)for row_number in range(number_rows):for alien_number in range(number_aliens_x):# 创建一个外星人并将其加入当前行create_alien(ai_settings, screen, aliens, alien_number, row_number)def get_number_aliens_x(ai_settings, alien_width):available_space_x = ai_settings.screen_width - 3 * alien_widthnumber_aliens_x = int(available_space_x / (3 * alien_width))return number_aliens_xdef create_alien(ai_settings, screen, aliens, alien_number, row_number):alien = Alien(ai_settings, screen)alien_width = alien.rect.widthalien.x = alien_width + 3 * alien_width * alien_numberalien.rect.x = alien.xalien.rect.y = 2 * alien.rect.height + 2 * alien.rect.height * row_numberaliens.add(alien)def get_number_rows(ai_settings, ship_height, alien_height):"""计算屏幕可容纳多少行外星人"""avalible_space_y = (ai_settings.screen_height -(3 * alien_height) - ship_height)number_rows = int(avalible_space_y / (3 * alien_height))return number_rowsdef update_aliens(screen, ship, ai_settings, aliens, stats, bullets, sb):check_fleet_edges(ai_settings, aliens)aliens.update()# spritecollideany()方法接收一个精灵和一个编组两个实参，找到与精灵碰撞的成员后就停止遍历数组if pygame.sprite.spritecollideany(ship, aliens):ship_hit(ai_settings, stats, screen, ship, aliens, bullets, sb)check_aliens_bottom(ai_settings, stats, screen, ship, aliens, bullets, sb)def check_fleet_edges(ai_settings, aliens):"""有外星人到达左右边缘时采取相应的措施"""for alien in aliens.sprites():if alien.check_edges():change_fleet_direction(ai_settings, aliens)breakdef change_fleet_direction(ai_settings, aliens):"""将整群的外星人下移，并改变他们的方向"""for alien in aliens.sprites():alien.rect.y += ai_settings.fleet_drop_speedai_settings.fleet_direction *= -1def ship_hit(ai_settings, stats, screen, ship, aliens, bullets, sb):"""响应被外星人撞到的飞船"""if stats.ships_left > 0:stats.ships_left -= 1sb.prep_ships()aliens.empty()bullets.empty()create_fleet(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens)ship.center_ship()# 暂停sleep(0.5)else:stats.game_active = Falsepygame.mouse.set_visible(True)def check_aliens_bottom(ai_settings, stats, screen, ship, aliens, bullets, sb):# 外星人要是挪到下边就删除它for alien in aliens.sprites():if alien.rect.bottom >= screen.get_rect().bottom:ship_hit(ai_settings, stats, screen, ship, aliens, bullets, sb)breakdef check_high_score(stats, sb):"""检查是否诞生了新的最高分"""if stats.score > stats.high_score:stats.high_score = stats.scoresb.prep_high_score()

game_stats.py

class GameStats():def __init__(self, ai_settings):self.ai_settings = ai_settingsself.reset_stats()self.game_active = False# 在任何情况下都不应该重置最高得分self.high_score = 0def reset_stats(self):"""初始化在游戏运行期间可能变化的统计信息"""self.ships_left = self.ai_settings.ship_limitself.score = 0self.level = 1

scoreboard.py

import pygame.font
from pygame.sprite import Group
from ship import Shipclass Scoreboard():"""显示得分信息的类"""def __init__(self, ai_settings, screen, stats):"""初始化显示得分涉及的属性"""self.screen = screenself.screen_rect = screen.get_rect()self.ai_settings = ai_settingsself.stats = stats# 显示得分信息时使用的字体设置self.text_color = (30, 30, 30)self.font = pygame.font.SysFont('stxihei', 20)# 准备初始得分图像self.prep_score()self.prep_high_score()self.prep_level()self.prep_ships()def prep_score(self):"""将得分渲染为一幅图像"""rounded_score = round(self.stats.score, -1)score_str = "{:,}".format(rounded_score)self.score_image = self.font.render(str("当前得分：  " + score_str), True, self.text_color, self.ai_settings.bg_color)# 将得分放到屏幕右上角self.score_rect = self.score_image.get_rect()self.score_rect.right = self.screen_rect.right - 20self.score_rect.top = 20def prep_high_score(self):high_score = round(self.stats.high_score, -1)high_score_str = "{:,}".format(high_score)self.high_score_image = self.font.render(str("最高得分：  " + high_score_str), True, self.text_color, self.ai_settings.bg_color)# 将最高得分放在屏幕顶部中央self.high_score_rect = self.high_score_image.get_rect()self.high_score_rect.centerx = self.screen_rect.centerxself.high_score_rect.top = self.score_rect.topdef prep_level(self):"""将等级转换为渲染的图像"""self.level_image = self.font.render("玩家等级： " + str(self.stats.level), True, self.text_color, self.ai_settings.bg_color)# 将等级放在得分下方self.level_rect = self.level_image.get_rect()self.level_rect.right = self.score_rect.rightself.level_rect.top = self.score_rect.bottom + 10def prep_ships(self):"""显示还余下多少艘飞船"""self.ships = Group()for ship_number in range(self.stats.ships_left):ship = Ship(self.ai_settings, self.screen)ship.rect.x = 10 + ship_number * ship.rect.widthship.rect.y = 10self.ships.add(ship)def show_score(self):"""在屏幕上显示得分和最高得分"""self.screen.blit(self.score_image, self.score_rect)self.screen.blit(self.high_score_image, self.high_score_rect)self.screen.blit(self.level_image, self.level_rect)# 绘制飞船self.ships.draw(self.screen)

settings.py

class Settings():"""存储《带你一起打飞机》的所有设置的类"""def __init__(self):"""初始化游戏的静态设置"""self.screen_width = 1200self.screen_height = 800self.bg_color = (255, 255, 255)# 飞船的设置self.ship_limit = 3# 子弹设置self.bullet_width = 3self.bullet_height = 15self.bullet_color = 60, 60, 60self.bullets_allowed = 40# 外星人设置self.fleet_drop_speed = 10# 以什么样的速度加快游戏节奏self.speedup_scale = 1.1self.score_scale = 1.5self.initialize_dynamic_settings()def initialize_dynamic_settings(self):"""初始化随游戏进行而变化的设置"""self.ship_speed_factor = 3self.bullet_speed_factor = 3self.alien_speed_factor = 1# fleet_direction为1表示向右移动，为-1表示向左移动self.fleet_direction = 1# 记分self.alien_points = 50def increase_speed(self):"""提高速度设置"""self.ship_speed_factor *= self.speedup_scaleself.bullet_speed_factor *= self.speedup_scaleself.alien_speed_factor *= self.speedup_scaleself.alien_points = int(self.alien_points * self.score_scale)

ship.py

import pygame
from pygame.sprite import Sprite class Ship(Sprite):# screen指定了飞船将会绘制在什么地方def __init__(self, ai_settings, screen):super(Ship, self).__init__()self.screen = screenself.ai_settings = ai_settings# 加载飞船图像并获取其外接矩形self.image = pygame.image.load("D:\\python_work\\alien_invasion\\images\\ship.bmp")# 这里是以矩形为单位操作游戏中的元素self.rect = self.image.get_rect()# 这是屏幕的矩形元素self.screen_rect = screen.get_rect()# 下边的意思是飞船矩形的中心x坐标等于屏幕矩形元素的中心x坐标self.rect.centerx = self.screen_rect.centerx# bottom代表的是矩形元素的下边缘self.rect.bottom = self.screen_rect.bottom# 在飞船属性center中存储小数值self.center = float(self.rect.centerx)# 移动标志self.moving_right = Falseself.moving_left = Falsedef update(self):"""根据移动标志调整飞船位置"""if self.moving_right and self.rect.right < self.screen_rect.right:self.center += self.ai_settings.ship_speed_factorif self.moving_left and self.rect.left > 0:self.center -= self.ai_settings.ship_speed_factor# 这里centerx之存储了center的整数部分的值self.rect.centerx = self.centerdef blitme(self):self.screen.blit(self.image, self.rect)def center_ship(self):"""让飞船在屏幕上居中"""self.center = self.screen_rect.centerx

以上就是所有代码，有问题的可以在下边问我，帮我点个赞啊

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