Java获取汉字的拼音

在做中文搜索的时候通常需要考虑拼音搜索，这时就需要获取汉字对应的拼音（包括全拼、简拼），java语言中有pinyin4j开源类库。唯一不足的是对多音字支持不够好，于是自己在其基础上封装了一下，完美支持多音字。
核心类PinyinUtils.java如下：

package com.ricky.java.pinyin;import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.PinyinHelper;
import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.format.HanyuPinyinCaseType;
import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.format.HanyuPinyinOutputFormat;
import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.format.HanyuPinyinToneType;
import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.format.HanyuPinyinVCharType;
import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.format.exception.BadHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination;import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;public class PinyinUtils {private static final ConcurrentHashMap<String,String> duoYinMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<String,String>(512);public static final String pinyin_sep = "#";public static final String word_sep = "/";//加载多音字词典static{BufferedReader br = null;try {InputStream in = PinyinUtils.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("duoyinzi_pinyin.txt");br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in,"UTF-8"));String line = null;while((line=br.readLine())!=null){String[] arr = line.split(pinyin_sep);if(StringUtils.isNotEmpty(arr[1])){String[] sems = arr[1].split(word_sep);for (String sem : sems) {if(StringUtils.isNotEmpty(sem)){duoYinMap.put(sem , arr[0]);}}}}} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}finally{IOUtils.closeQuietly(br);}}public static String[] chineseToPinYin(char chineseCharacter) throws BadHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination{HanyuPinyinOutputFormat outputFormat = new HanyuPinyinOutputFormat();outputFormat.setToneType(HanyuPinyinToneType.WITHOUT_TONE);outputFormat.setCaseType(HanyuPinyinCaseType.LOWERCASE);outputFormat.setVCharType(HanyuPinyinVCharType.WITH_V);if(chineseCharacter>=32 && chineseCharacter<=125){  //ASCII >=33 ASCII<=125的直接返回 ,ASCII码表：http://www.asciitable.com/return new String[]{String.valueOf(chineseCharacter)};}return PinyinHelper.toHanyuPinyinStringArray(chineseCharacter, outputFormat);}/*** get chinese words pin yin* @param chinese* @param fullPy* @return* @throws BadHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination*/public static String getPinYin(String chinese, boolean fullPy) throws BadHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination{if(StringUtils.isEmpty(chinese)){return null;}char[] chs = chinese.toCharArray();StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder(20);for(int i=0;i<chs.length;i++){String[] arr = chineseToPinYin(chs[i]);if(arr==null || arr.length<1){throw new RuntimeException("not find pin yin for:"+chs[i]);}if(arr.length==1){result.append(fullPy ? arr[0]:arr[0].charAt(0));}else if(arr[0].equals(arr[1])){result.append(fullPy ? arr[0]:arr[0].charAt(0));}else{String prim = chinese.substring(i, i+1);String lst = null,rst = null;if(i<=chinese.length()-2){rst = chinese.substring(i,i+2);}if(i>=1 && i+1<=chinese.length()){lst = chinese.substring(i-1,i+1);}String answer = null;for (String py : arr) {if(StringUtils.isEmpty(py)){continue;}if((lst!=null && py.equals(duoYinMap.get(lst))) ||(rst!=null && py.equals(duoYinMap.get(rst)))){answer = py;break;}if(py.equals(duoYinMap.get(prim))){answer = py;}}if(StringUtils.isEmpty(answer)){throw new RuntimeException("not find pin yin for:"+chs[i]);}result.append(fullPy ? answer:answer.charAt(0));}}return result.toString().toLowerCase();}}

完整源码下载：https://github.com/TiFG/py4j

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