Prometheus是一套开源的监控&报警&时间序列数据库的组合，基于应用的metrics来进行监控的开源工具。

一、下载Prometheus

官方文档：https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/getting_started/
下载地址： https://prometheus.io/download/ 下载如下版本：

下载解压查看：
1）下载： wget https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/download/v2.34.0/prometheus-2.34.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
2）解压：tar -zxvf prometheus-2.34.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz

[root@VM-0-2-centos srv]# wget https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/download/v2.34.0/prometheus-2.34.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
--2022-04-15 21:44:14--  https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/download/v2.34.0/prometheus-2.34.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
Resolving github.com (github.com)... 20.205.243.166
Connecting to github.com (github.com)|20.205.243.166|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found
Location: https://objects.githubusercontent.com/github-production-release-asset-2e65be/6838921/408c8e8d-cf9a-4902-a7b4-679a51d5db85?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIAIWNJYAX4CSVEH53A%2F20220415%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20220415T134415Z&X-Amz-Expires=300&X-Amz-Signature=c9d52cc5bff876bbd31cd155fe3e9af87e12651a35faea3c3588aecaf144166a&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&actor_id=0&key_id=0&repo_id=6838921&response-content-disposition=attachment%3B%20filename%3Dprometheus-2.34.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz&response-content-type=application%2Foctet-stream [following]
--2022-04-15 21:44:15--  https://objects.githubusercontent.com/github-production-release-asset-2e65be/6838921/408c8e8d-cf9a-4902-a7b4-679a51d5db85?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIAIWNJYAX4CSVEH53A%2F20220415%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20220415T134415Z&X-Amz-Expires=300&X-Amz-Signature=c9d52cc5bff876bbd31cd155fe3e9af87e12651a35faea3c3588aecaf144166a&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&actor_id=0&key_id=0&repo_id=6838921&response-content-disposition=attachment%3B%20filename%3Dprometheus-2.34.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz&response-content-type=application%2Foctet-stream
Resolving objects.githubusercontent.com (objects.githubusercontent.com)... 185.199.108.133, 185.199.111.133, 185.199.110.133, ...
Connecting to objects.githubusercontent.com (objects.githubusercontent.com)|185.199.108.133|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 76299772 (73M) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: ‘prometheus-2.34.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz’100%[=============================================================================================================================================================================================================================>] 76,299,772   406KB/s   in 6m 14s 2022-04-15 21:50:30 (199 KB/s) - ‘prometheus-2.34.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz’ saved [76299772/76299772]
[root@VM-0-2-centos srv]# tar -zxvf prometheus-2.34.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
prometheus-2.34.0.linux-amd64/
prometheus-2.34.0.linux-amd64/consoles/
prometheus-2.34.0.linux-amd64/consoles/index.html.example
prometheus-2.34.0.linux-amd64/consoles/node-cpu.html
prometheus-2.34.0.linux-amd64/consoles/node-disk.html
prometheus-2.34.0.linux-amd64/consoles/node-overview.html
prometheus-2.34.0.linux-amd64/consoles/node.html
prometheus-2.34.0.linux-amd64/consoles/prometheus-overview.html
prometheus-2.34.0.linux-amd64/consoles/prometheus.html
prometheus-2.34.0.linux-amd64/console_libraries/
prometheus-2.34.0.linux-amd64/console_libraries/menu.lib
prometheus-2.34.0.linux-amd64/console_libraries/prom.lib
prometheus-2.34.0.linux-amd64/prometheus.yml
prometheus-2.34.0.linux-amd64/LICENSE
prometheus-2.34.0.linux-amd64/NOTICE
prometheus-2.34.0.linux-amd64/prometheus
prometheus-2.34.0.linux-amd64/promtool
[root@VM-0-2-centos srv]# ls
prometheus-2.34.0.linux-amd64  prometheus-2.34.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz

二、查看配置文件 prometheus.yml

# my global config 全局配置
global:scrape_interval: 15s # Set the scrape interval to every 15 seconds. Default is every 1 minute.evaluation_interval: 15s # Evaluate rules every 15 seconds. The default is every 1 minute.# scrape_timeout is set to the global default (10s).# Alertmanager configuration 告警管理配置
alerting:alertmanagers:- static_configs:- targets:# - alertmanager:9093# Load rules once and periodically evaluate them according to the global 'evaluation_interval'.
rule_files:# - "first_rules.yml"# - "second_rules.yml"# A scrape configuration containing exactly one endpoint to scrape:
# Here it's Prometheus itself.
scrape_configs:# The job name is added as a label `job=<job_name>` to any timeseries scraped from this config.# 监控对象名称，按自己的意愿起名- job_name: "prometheus"# 监控指标路径（prometheus默认为/metrics）# metrics_path defaults to '/metrics'# 监控指标请求类型# scheme defaults to 'http'.# 目标对象地址集合static_configs:- targets: ["localhost:9090"]

三、启动 Prometheus

启动：./prometheus --config.file=prometheus.yml &

[root@VM-0-2-centos prometheus2.34.0]# ./prometheus --config.file=prometheus.yml &
[1] 6948
[root@VM-0-2-centos prometheus2.34.0]# ts=2022-04-15T14:13:01.983Z caller=main.go:479 level=info msg="No time or size retention was set so using the default time retention" duration=15d
ts=2022-04-15T14:13:01.984Z caller=main.go:516 level=info msg="Starting Prometheus" version="(version=2.34.0, branch=HEAD, revision=881111fec4332c33094a6fb2680c71fffc427275)"
ts=2022-04-15T14:13:01.984Z caller=main.go:521 level=info build_context="(go=go1.17.8, user=root@121ad7ea5487, date=20220315-15:18:00)"
ts=2022-04-15T14:13:01.984Z caller=main.go:522 level=info host_details="(Linux 3.10.0-1160.11.1.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Dec 18 16:34:56 UTC 2020 x86_64 VM-0-2-centos (none))"
ts=2022-04-15T14:13:01.984Z caller=main.go:523 level=info fd_limits="(soft=100001, hard=100002)"
ts=2022-04-15T14:13:01.984Z caller=main.go:524 level=info vm_limits="(soft=unlimited, hard=unlimited)"
ts=2022-04-15T14:13:01.987Z caller=web.go:540 level=info component=web msg="Start listening for connections" address=0.0.0.0:9090
ts=2022-04-15T14:13:01.987Z caller=main.go:937 level=info msg="Starting TSDB ..."
ts=2022-04-15T14:13:01.988Z caller=tls_config.go:195 level=info component=web msg="TLS is disabled." http2=false
ts=2022-04-15T14:13:01.990Z caller=head.go:493 level=info component=tsdb msg="Replaying on-disk memory mappable chunks if any"
ts=2022-04-15T14:13:01.991Z caller=head.go:536 level=info component=tsdb msg="On-disk memory mappable chunks replay completed" duration=11.305µs
ts=2022-04-15T14:13:01.991Z caller=head.go:542 level=info component=tsdb msg="Replaying WAL, this may take a while"
ts=2022-04-15T14:13:01.991Z caller=head.go:613 level=info component=tsdb msg="WAL segment loaded" segment=0 maxSegment=1
ts=2022-04-15T14:13:01.991Z caller=head.go:613 level=info component=tsdb msg="WAL segment loaded" segment=1 maxSegment=1
ts=2022-04-15T14:13:01.991Z caller=head.go:619 level=info component=tsdb msg="WAL replay completed" checkpoint_replay_duration=28.768µs wal_replay_duration=720.155µs total_replay_duration=778.494µs
ts=2022-04-15T14:13:01.993Z caller=main.go:958 level=info fs_type=EXT4_SUPER_MAGIC
ts=2022-04-15T14:13:01.993Z caller=main.go:961 level=info msg="TSDB started"
ts=2022-04-15T14:13:01.993Z caller=main.go:1142 level=info msg="Loading configuration file" filename=prometheus.yml
ts=2022-04-15T14:13:01.994Z caller=main.go:1179 level=info msg="Completed loading of configuration file" filename=prometheus.yml totalDuration=813.979µs db_storage=1.076µs remote_storage=4.125µs web_handler=411ns query_engine=2.695µs scrape=329.984µs scrape_sd=53.915µs notify=57.209µs notify_sd=14.981µs rules=2.86µs tracing=10.344µs
ts=2022-04-15T14:13:01.994Z caller=main.go:910 level=info msg="Server is ready to receive web requests."[root@VM-0-2-centos prometheus2.34.0]# ps -ef | grep prometheus
root      7712  2615  1 22:18 pts/0    00:00:00 ./prometheus --config.file=prometheus.yml
root      7729  2615  0 22:18 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto prometheus

四、访问Prometheus

浏览器上输入服务器ip:9090即可访问。如下图所示，则表明成功。

4.1 查看监控对象

说明：http://localhost:9090/metrics是查看采集到的性能指标。从prometheus.yml可以看出，prometheus 是默认监控自己的。

4.2 查看监控对象metrics

http://ip:9090/metrics 得到如下输出：

4.3 查看配置信息

4.4 查看服务发现情况

我这边后截图的，所以多了2个其他服务，请忽略。

五、热启动 Prometheus （无需kill重启）

启动时添加–web.enable-lifecycle 参数

./prometheus --web.enable-lifecycle --config.file=prometheus.yml &

修改完配置文件后，执行如下命令curl -XPOST http://127.0.0.1:9090/-/reload进行热启动：

[root@sg data]# curl -XPOST http://127.0.0.1:9090/-/reload
ts=2022-06-15T07:35:20.592Z caller=main.go:1142 level=info msg="Loading configuration file" filename=prometheus.yml
ts=2022-06-15T07:35:20.593Z caller=main.go:1179 level=info msg="Completed loading of configuration file" filename=prometheus.yml totalDuration=520.986µs db_storage=1.636µs remote_storage=2.363µs web_handler=762ns query_engine=1.022µs scrape=116.287µs scrape_sd=44.924µs notify=17.303µs notify_sd=11.038µs rules=1.743µs tracing=3.334µs

END

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