STM32读取TCS3472颜色传感器读取RGB颜色和色温值和Lux
2024-05-09 14:36:17
1.3472能提供红，绿，蓝色（RGB）和清晰光感应值的数字输出
2.它通过 I2C协议通讯。
3.最好选择带led灯的版本，自带的led低电平能关闭。
4.这边VIN接5V电压输入，GND接GND，SCL接SCL（PF1）SDA接SDA(PF0)，这边根据自己启动的IO口进行变换
5.我这边采用STM32Cube生成使用硬件I2C的方式进行通信，注意这边有7bit和10bit，默认7bit
6.这边注意最好设置成上拉模式，防止某些设备没有上拉
7.点击生成后打开Keil5开始编辑代码；先了解一下HAL库如何写入和读取I2C 设备的吧
可以看到Hal_i2c库里面提供了轮询，中断，DMA的方式进行读写I2C,这边我们使用轮询的方式进行读取TCS3472
8.首先新建一个.H文件，把TCS3472的一写配置文件编写进行，我这边也是拷贝别人的，代码如下：
介绍一下函数：
1.void SwicthI2c(char sw); //这个我是用来切换不同I2C 接口的，跟实际使用没有影响
2.unsigned char TCS34725_Init(void); //这是用来初始化TCS34725芯片的
3.char TCS34725_GetRawData(COLOR_RGBC *rgbc);//这个是用来读取RGBC的参数值
4.void RGBtoHSL(COLOR_RGBC *Rgb, COLOR_HSL *Hsl);//这个是将读取到的RGBC值转换为HSL色盘
5.void RGBto255RGB(COLOR_RGBC *Rgb,Sepan_RGBC *RGB255);//这部分计算RGB的占比以255：255：255呈现和Lux值
6.double calculateColorTemperature(COLOR_RGBC *Rgb);//这部分是计算色温
#ifndef __TCS3472ColourSensor_H
#define __TCS3472ColourSensor_H#include "usart.h"
#include "stdio.h"
#include "cmsis_os.h"
#include "i2c.h"/******************************************************************************/
#define TCS34725_ADDRESS (0x29)#define TCS34725_COMMAND_BIT (0x80)#define TCS34725_ENABLE (0x00)
#define TCS34725_ENABLE_AIEN (0x10) /* RGBC Interrupt Enable */
#define TCS34725_ENABLE_WEN (0x08) /* Wait enable - Writing 1 activates the wait timer */
#define TCS34725_ENABLE_AEN (0x02) /* RGBC Enable - Writing 1 actives the ADC, 0 disables it */
#define TCS34725_ENABLE_PON (0x01) /* Power on - Writing 1 activates the internal oscillator, 0 disables it */
#define TCS34725_ATIME (0x01) /* Integration time */
#define TCS34725_WTIME (0x03) /* Wait time (if TCS34725_ENABLE_WEN is asserted) */
#define TCS34725_WTIME_2_4MS (0xFF) /* WLONG0 = 2.4ms WLONG1 = 0.029s */
#define TCS34725_WTIME_204MS (0xAB) /* WLONG0 = 204ms WLONG1 = 2.45s */
#define TCS34725_WTIME_614MS (0x00) /* WLONG0 = 614ms WLONG1 = 7.4s */
#define TCS34725_AILTL (0x04) /* Clear channel lower interrupt threshold */
#define TCS34725_AILTH (0x05)
#define TCS34725_AIHTL (0x06) /* Clear channel upper interrupt threshold */
#define TCS34725_AIHTH (0x07)
#define TCS34725_PERS (0x0C) /* Persistence register - basic SW filtering mechanism for interrupts */
#define TCS34725_PERS_NONE (0b0000) /* Every RGBC cycle generates an interrupt */
#define TCS34725_PERS_1_CYCLE (0b0001) /* 1 clean channel value outside threshold range generates an interrupt */
#define TCS34725_PERS_2_CYCLE (0b0010) /* 2 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt */
#define TCS34725_PERS_3_CYCLE (0b0011) /* 3 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt */
#define TCS34725_PERS_5_CYCLE (0b0100) /* 5 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt */
#define TCS34725_PERS_10_CYCLE (0b0101) /* 10 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt */
#define TCS34725_PERS_15_CYCLE (0b0110) /* 15 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt */
#define TCS34725_PERS_20_CYCLE (0b0111) /* 20 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt */
#define TCS34725_PERS_25_CYCLE (0b1000) /* 25 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt */
#define TCS34725_PERS_30_CYCLE (0b1001) /* 30 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt */
#define TCS34725_PERS_35_CYCLE (0b1010) /* 35 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt */
#define TCS34725_PERS_40_CYCLE (0b1011) /* 40 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt */
#define TCS34725_PERS_45_CYCLE (0b1100) /* 45 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt */
#define TCS34725_PERS_50_CYCLE (0b1101) /* 50 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt */
#define TCS34725_PERS_55_CYCLE (0b1110) /* 55 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt */
#define TCS34725_PERS_60_CYCLE (0b1111) /* 60 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt */
#define TCS34725_CONFIG (0x0D)
#define TCS34725_CONFIG_WLONG (0x02) /* Choose between short and long (12x) wait times via TCS34725_WTIME */
#define TCS34725_CONTROL (0x0F) /* Set the gain level for the sensor */
#define TCS34725_ID (0x12) /* 0x44 = TCS34721/TCS34725, 0x4D = TCS34723/TCS34727 */
#define TCS34725_STATUS (0x13)
#define TCS34725_STATUS_AINT (0x10) /* RGBC Clean channel interrupt */
#define TCS34725_STATUS_AVALID (0x01) /* Indicates that the RGBC channels have completed an integration cycle */
#define TCS34725_CDATAL (0x14) /* Clear channel data */
#define TCS34725_CDATAH (0x15)
#define TCS34725_RDATAL (0x16) /* Red channel data */
#define TCS34725_RDATAH (0x17)
#define TCS34725_GDATAL (0x18) /* Green channel data */
#define TCS34725_GDATAH (0x19)
#define TCS34725_BDATAL (0x1A) /* Blue channel data */
#define TCS34725_BDATAH (0x1B)#define TCS34725_INTEGRATIONTIME_2_4MS 0xFF /**< 2.4ms - 1 cycle - Max Count: 1024 */
#define TCS34725_INTEGRATIONTIME_24MS 0xF6 /**< 24ms - 10 cycles - Max Count: 10240 */
#define TCS34725_INTEGRATIONTIME_50MS 0xEB /**< 50ms - 20 cycles - Max Count: 20480 */
#define TCS34725_INTEGRATIONTIME_101MS 0xD5 /**< 101ms - 42 cycles - Max Count: 43008 */
#define TCS34725_INTEGRATIONTIME_154MS 0xC0 /**< 154ms - 64 cycles - Max Count: 65535 */
#define TCS34725_INTEGRATIONTIME_240MS 0x9C /**< 240ms - 100 cycles - Max Count: 65535 */
#define TCS34725_INTEGRATIONTIME_700MS 0x00 /**< 700ms - 256 cycles - Max Count: 65535 */#define TCS34725_GAIN_1X 0x00 /**< No gain */
#define TCS34725_GAIN_4X 0x01 /**< 4x gain */
#define TCS34725_GAIN_16X 0x02 /**< 16x gain */
#define TCS34725_GAIN_60X 0x03 /**< 60x gain */
/******************************************************************************/
typedef struct{unsigned short c; //[0-65536]unsigned short r;unsigned short g;unsigned short b;
}COLOR_RGBC;//RGBCtypedef struct{unsigned char r; //[0-255]unsigned char g;unsigned char b;unsigned short Lux;
}Sepan_RGBC;//RGBCtypedef struct{unsigned short h; //[0,360]unsigned char s; //[0,100]unsigned char l; //[0,100]
}COLOR_HSL;//HSL#define max3v(v1, v2, v3) ((v1)<(v2)? ((v2)<(v3)?(v3):(v2)):((v1)<(v3)?(v3):(v1)))
#define min3v(v1, v2, v3) ((v1)>(v2)? ((v2)>(v3)?(v3):(v2)):((v1)>(v3)?(v3):(v1)))void SwicthI2c(char sw);
unsigned char TCS34725_Init(void);
char TCS34725_GetRawData(COLOR_RGBC *rgbc);
void RGBtoHSL(COLOR_RGBC *Rgb, COLOR_HSL *Hsl);
void RGBto255RGB(COLOR_RGBC *Rgb,Sepan_RGBC *RGB255);
double calculateColorTemperature(COLOR_RGBC *Rgb);
#endif
9.好的，接下来我们来介绍.C文件和各个函数如何实现的
#include "TCS3472ColourSensor.h"COLOR_RGBC rgb;
COLOR_HSL hsl;
/*PB6 ------> I2C1_SCLPB7 ------> I2C1_SDAPF0 ------> I2C2_SDAPF1 ------> I2C2_SCL
*/
I2C_HandleTypeDef *I2cx;
void SwicthI2c(char sw)
{if(sw==2)I2cx=&hi2c2;else I2cx=&hi2c1;
}char TCS34725_Read(uint8_t subAddr,unsigned char *dataBuffer, uint16_t bytesNumber)
{subAddr |= TCS34725_COMMAND_BIT;uint8_t sendadd = (TCS34725_ADDRESS << 1) | 0x00;if(HAL_I2C_Master_Transmit(I2cx,sendadd,&subAddr,1,1000)==0x00){sendadd = (TCS34725_ADDRESS << 1) | 0x01;if(HAL_I2C_Master_Receive(I2cx,sendadd,dataBuffer,bytesNumber,1000)==0x00){return 1;}}return 0;
}char TCS34725_Write(uint8_t subAddr,uint8_t *dataBuffer,uint16_t bytesNumber)
{uint8_t sendadd = (TCS34725_ADDRESS << 1) | 0x00;uint8_t sendBuffer[10]={0,};sendBuffer[0]=subAddr|TCS34725_COMMAND_BIT;for(uint8_t i=1;i<=bytesNumber;i++){sendBuffer[i]=dataBuffer[i-1];}if(HAL_I2C_Master_Transmit(I2cx,sendadd,sendBuffer,bytesNumber+1,1000)==0){return 1;}return 0;
}void TCS34725_SetIntegrationTime(uint8_t time)
{TCS34725_Write(TCS34725_ATIME,&time,1);
}
void TCS34725_SetGain(uint8_t gain)
{TCS34725_Write(TCS34725_CONTROL, &gain, 1);
}
void TCS34725_Enable(void)
{uint8_t cmd = TCS34725_ENABLE_PON;TCS34725_Write(TCS34725_ENABLE, &cmd, 1);cmd = TCS34725_ENABLE_PON | TCS34725_ENABLE_AEN;TCS34725_Write(TCS34725_ENABLE, &cmd, 1);
}unsigned char TCS34725_Init(void)
{unsigned char id=0;uint16_t number=0;uint8_t status = TCS34725_STATUS_AVALID;TCS34725_Read(TCS34725_ID,&id,1);printf("Read I2C ID:%02X\r\n",id);if(id==0x4D || id ==0x44){TCS34725_SetIntegrationTime(TCS34725_INTEGRATIONTIME_154MS);//转换时间
// TCS34725_SetIntegrationTime(TCS34725_INTEGRATIONTIME_50MS);TCS34725_SetGain(TCS34725_GAIN_16X);TCS34725_Enable();return 1;}return 0;
}/******************************************************************************** @brief TCS34725获取单个通道数据** @return data - 该通道的转换值
*******************************************************************************/
uint16_t TCS34725_GetChannelData(uint8_t reg)
{uint8_t tmp[2] = {0,0};uint16_t data;TCS34725_Read(reg, tmp, 2);data = (tmp[1] << 8) | tmp[0];return data;
}
/******************************************************************************** @brief TCS34725获取各个通道数据** @return 1 - 转换完成，数据可用* 0 - 转换未完成，数据不可用
*******************************************************************************/
char TCS34725_GetRawData(COLOR_RGBC *rgbc)
{uint8_t status = TCS34725_STATUS_AVALID;TCS34725_Read(TCS34725_STATUS, &status, 1);if(status & TCS34725_STATUS_AVALID){rgbc->c = TCS34725_GetChannelData(TCS34725_CDATAL); rgbc->r = TCS34725_GetChannelData(TCS34725_RDATAL); rgbc->g = TCS34725_GetChannelData(TCS34725_GDATAL); rgbc->b = TCS34725_GetChannelData(TCS34725_BDATAL);return 1;}return 0;
}
/******************************************************************************/
//RGB转HSL
void RGBtoHSL(COLOR_RGBC *Rgb, COLOR_HSL *Hsl)
{uint8_t maxVal,minVal,difVal;uint8_t r = Rgb->r*100/Rgb->c; //[0-100]uint8_t g = Rgb->g*100/Rgb->c;uint8_t b = Rgb->b*100/Rgb->c;maxVal = max3v(r,g,b);minVal = min3v(r,g,b);difVal = maxVal-minVal;//计算亮度Hsl->l = (maxVal+minVal)/2; //[0-100]if(maxVal == minVal)//若r=g=b,灰度{Hsl->h = 0; Hsl->s = 0;}else{//计算色调if(maxVal==r){if(g>=b)Hsl->h = 60*(g-b)/difVal;elseHsl->h = 60*(g-b)/difVal+360;}else{if(maxVal==g)Hsl->h = 60*(b-r)/difVal+120;elseif(maxVal==b)Hsl->h = 60*(r-g)/difVal+240;}//计算饱和度if(Hsl->l<=50)Hsl->s=difVal*100/(maxVal+minVal); //[0-100]elseHsl->s=difVal*100/(200-(maxVal+minVal));}
}
/******************************************************************************/
//计算RGB的比例和Lux
void RGBto255RGB(COLOR_RGBC *Rgb,Sepan_RGBC *RGB255)
{double maxVal,minVal,difVal;double r_255=0.0,g_255=0.0,b_255=0.0;r_255 = (double)Rgb->r/Rgb->c*255;g_255 = (double)Rgb->g/Rgb->c*255;b_255 = (double)Rgb->b/Rgb->c*255;maxVal = max3v(r_255,g_255,b_255);r_255 = r_255/maxVal*255;g_255 = g_255/maxVal*255;b_255 = b_255/maxVal*255;// maxVal = max3v(Rgb->r,Rgb->g,Rgb->b);
// r_255 = (double)Rgb->r/maxVal*255;
// g_255 = (double)Rgb->g/maxVal*255;
// b_255 = (double)Rgb->b/maxVal*255;RGB255->r = (unsigned char)r_255;RGB255->g = (unsigned char)g_255;RGB255->b = (unsigned char)b_255;double lux=(0.299*Rgb->r)+(0.587*Rgb->g)+(0.114*Rgb->b);RGB255->Lux = (unsigned short)lux;if(RGB255->r==255&&RGB255->g==255&&RGB255->b==255){if(Rgb->c<255){RGB255->r = 0;RGB255->g = 0;RGB255->b = 0;}}
}
//
//计算CCT色温
double calculateColorTemperature(COLOR_RGBC *Rgb)
{double trimX = 0;double trimY = 0;double trimZ = 0;double coorX = 0, coorY = 0;double CCT = 0;double n = 0;int R = Rgb->r;//255;int G = Rgb->g;//231;int B = Rgb->b;//131;//以下公式实现RGB转三刺激值trimX = 2.789 * R + 1.7517 * G + 1.1302 * B;trimY = 1 * R + 4.5907 * G + 0.0601 * B;trimZ = 0 * R + 0.0565 * G + 5.5943 * B;//以下公式实现三刺激值转色坐标coorX = trimX / (trimX + trimY + trimZ);coorY = trimY / (trimX + trimY + trimZ);n = (coorX - 0.3320) / (0.1858 - coorY);//以下公式实现色坐标转色温CCT = 437 * n * n * n + 3601 * n * n + 6831 * n + 5517;return CCT;
}10.main函数调用应该不用多讲了吧
printf("I2C2 PF0->I2C2_SDA;PF1-> I2C2_SCL \r\n");
SwicthI2c(2);
TCS34725_Init();
osDelay(500);//这边是需要等待传感器自己转换完成的
TCS34725_GetRawData(&rgb);
RGBtoHSL(&rgb,&hsl);
RGBto255RGB(&rgb,&rgb_255A);
printf("R=%d G=%d B=%d C=%d\r\n",rgb.r,rgb.g,rgb.b,rgb.c);
printf("H=%d S=%d L=%d\r\n",hsl.h,hsl.s,hsl.l);
printf("R255=%d G255=%d B255=%d Lux=%dCCT:%f\r\n",rgb_255A.r,rgb_255A.g,rgb_255A.b,rgb_255A.Lux,calculateColorTemperature(&rgb));
printf("---------------------------------------------\r\n");11.测试结果如下：
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