纯c语言----学生成绩管理系统
2024-04-20 06:17:27
在此我希望记录一下自己的学习成果，并且期待与大家交流讨论。
代码如下：
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h> //直接选择
#include<stdlib.h> //system清屏，动态存储,程序结束exit(0)
#include<Windows.h> //窗口颜色
#include<string.h> //比较字符数组
#define len sizeof(struct grade)
#define len1 sizeof(struct order)
struct grade
{char name[20];char number[20];float chinese;float math;float english;float sum;float weighted;struct grade* next;
};
struct order
{int ord;struct order* next;
};
struct grade* head;
struct order* head1;
void menu(); //一般来说可以把主函数写在后面，只需声明嵌套调用的函数即可void Print()
{printf("\t你好，管理员！\n\n");printf("\t\t0:修改密码");printf("\t\t1:成绩录入\n");printf("\t\t2:成绩输出");printf("\t\t3:求平均值\n");printf("\t\t4:按总分排序");printf("\t\ta:语文排序\n");printf("\t\tb:数学排序");printf("\t\tc:英语排序\n");printf("\t\td:加权总分排序\n");printf("\t\t5:查找学生成绩");printf("\t\t6:查看学科不及格\n");printf("\t\t7:修改学生成绩");printf("\t\t8:删除学生成绩\n");printf("\t\tp:返回主菜单");printf("\t\tz:退出系统");printf("\n\t请输入指令:");
}
int identity()
{FILE* fp;char p[20], c[20], ch;int i, n;fp = fopen("password.txt", "r");fgets(p, 20, fp);printf("请输入密码：\n");for (n = 0; n < 3; n++){for (i = 0; (ch = _getch()) != 13;) //回车键ansic为13{if (ch == 8) //退格8{printf("\b");putchar(' ');printf("\b");if (i > 0)i--;}else{c[i] = ch;printf("*");i++;}}c[i] = '\0'; //使其后面有个'\0'if (0 == strcmp(c, p)){system("cls");printf("\n登录成功！\t");break;}else{system("cls");printf("密码错误！\n请重新输入\n");}}return(n);
}
void alter()
{FILE * fp;char p[20], c[20], ch;int i;fp = fopen("password.txt", "r");fgets(p, 20, fp);fclose(fp);printf("请输入原密码\n");for (i = 0; (ch = _getch()) != 13;){if (ch == 8){printf("\b");putchar(' ');printf("\b");if (i > 0)i--;}else{c[i] = ch;printf("*");i++;}}c[i] = '\0';if (strcmp(c, p) != 0){printf("密码错误！");goto flag1;}printf("\n请输入新密码：\n");for (i = 0; (ch = _getch()) != 13;){if (ch == 8){printf("\b");putchar(' ');printf("\b");if (i > 0)i--;}else{c[i] = ch;printf("*");i++;}}c[i] = '\0';printf("\n确认新密码：\n");for (i = 0; (ch = _getch()) != 13;){if (ch == 8){printf("\b");putchar(' ');printf("\b");if (i > 0)i--;}else{p[i] = ch;printf("*");i++;}}p[i] = '\0';if (0 == strcmp(c, p)){fp = fopen("password.txt", "w");fputs(p, fp);printf("\n修改成功！");}
flag1:;
}
void save()
{FILE * fp;struct grade * cur;fp = fopen("stu.dat", "wb");for (cur = head; cur != NULL; cur = cur->next)fwrite(cur, len, 1, fp);fclose(fp);
}
void load()
{struct grade *cur, *pre;FILE * fp;int f_end;fp = fopen("stu.dat", "rb");cur = (struct grade*)malloc(len);pre = head = cur;fseek(fp, 0, 2);f_end = ftell(fp);fseek(fp, 0, 0);while (ftell(fp) != f_end){fread(cur, len, 1, fp);pre = cur;cur = (struct grade*)malloc(len);pre->next = cur;}pre->next = NULL;fclose(fp);
}
void loadsort()
{struct grade *cur, *pre, *max;struct order *cur1, *pre1;int n, i, N;cur1 = (struct order*)malloc(len1);pre1 = head1 = cur1;for (N = 0, cur = head; cur != NULL; cur = cur->next) //算出几个数据N++;for (n = 0; n < N; n++) //循环N次{for (pre = head, cur = head; cur != NULL; cur = cur->next){if (cur->sum > pre->sum)pre = cur; //pre指向最大sum的地址}for (max = head, i = 1; max != pre; max = max->next) //检索是第几个节点i++;pre->sum = 0; //使每次录入的最大sum变成0，之后再还原cur1->ord = i;pre1 = cur1;cur1 = (struct order*)malloc(len1); //将最大sum的节点依次存在链表order中pre1->next = cur1;}pre1->next = NULL;for (cur = head; cur != NULL; cur = cur->next) //还原！cur->sum = cur->chinese + cur->math + cur->english;
}
void input()
{struct grade *cur, *pre;char ch;printf("重新录入：a\t\t追加：其他任意键\n");ch = _getch();system("cls");if (ch == 'a'){cur = (struct grade*)malloc(len);head = cur;printf("重新录入");}else{for (pre = head; pre->next != NULL; pre = pre->next);cur = (struct grade*)malloc(len);pre->next = cur;printf("追加");}pre = head;printf("\t\n请依次输入:\n若要结束录入,请输入0！\n\n");while (1){printf("学号：");scanf("%s", cur->number);if (strcmp(cur->number, "0") == 0)break;printf("姓名:");scanf("%s", cur->name);printf("成绩：");scanf_s("%f%f%f", &cur->chinese, &cur->math, &cur->english);pre = cur;cur = (struct grade*)malloc(len);pre->next = cur;}pre->next = NULL;for (cur = head; cur != NULL; cur = cur->next){cur->sum = cur->chinese + cur->math + cur->english;cur->weighted = 0.2*cur->chinese + 0.5*cur->math + 0.3*cur->english;}save();printf("录入成功!\n");
}
void output()
{struct grade * cur;FILE *fp;fp = fopen("学生成绩单.txt", "w");fprintf(fp, "学号\t\t姓名\t\t语文\t\t数学\t\t英语\t\t总分\t\t加权总分");printf("学号\t\t姓名\t\t语文\t\t数学\t\t英语\t\t总分\t\t加权总分\n");for (cur = head; cur != NULL; cur = cur->next){printf("%-16s%-16s%-16.1f%-16.1f%-16.1f%-16.1f%-16.1f\n", cur->number, cur->name, cur->chinese, cur->math, cur->english, cur->sum, cur->weighted);fprintf(fp, "\n%s\t\t%s\t\t%.1f\t\t%.1f\t\t%.1f\t\t%.1f\t\t%.1f", cur->number, cur->name, cur->chinese, cur->math, cur->english, cur->sum, cur->weighted);}fclose(fp);printf("成绩单输出成功！");
}
void average()
{float sum, c, m, e, s, w;struct grade * cur;int N;for (N = 0, cur = head; cur != NULL; cur = cur->next)N++;for (sum = 0, cur = head; cur != NULL; cur = cur->next)sum = sum + cur->chinese;c = sum / N;for (sum = 0, cur = head; cur != NULL; cur = cur->next)sum = sum + cur->math;m = sum / N;for (sum = 0, cur = head; cur != NULL; cur = cur->next)sum = sum + cur->english;e = sum / N;for (sum = 0, cur = head; cur != NULL; cur = cur->next)sum = sum + cur->sum;s = sum / N;for (sum = 0, cur = head; cur != NULL; cur = cur->next)sum = sum + cur->weighted;w = sum / N;printf("语文\t\t数学\t\t英语\t\t总分\t\t加权总分\n");printf("%.2f\t\t%.2f\t\t%.2f\t\t%.2f\t\t%.2f\n", c, m, e, s, w);
}
void sort()
{struct grade *cur;struct order *cur1;int i;printf("名次如下:\n\n");printf("学号\t\t姓名\t\t语文\t\t数学\t\t英语\t\t总分\n");for (cur1 = head1; cur1 != NULL; cur1 = cur1->next){for (i = 1, cur = head; i < cur1->ord; i++) //输出cur = cur->next;printf("%-16s%-16s%-16.1f%-16.1f%-16.1f%-16.1f\n", cur->number, cur->name, cur->chinese, cur->math, cur->english, cur->sum);}printf("\n排序完成！\n");
}
void csort()
{struct grade *cur;struct order *cur1;int i;printf("名次如下:\n\n");printf("学号\t\t姓名\t\t语文\n");for (cur1 = head1; cur1 != NULL; cur1 = cur1->next){for (i = 1, cur = head; i < cur1->ord; i++) //输出cur = cur->next;printf("%-16s%-16s%-16.1f\n", cur->number, cur->name, cur->chinese);}printf("\n排序完成！\n");
}
void msort()
{struct grade *cur;struct order *cur1;int i;printf("名次如下:\n\n");printf("学号\t\t姓名\t\t数学\n");for (cur1 = head1; cur1 != NULL; cur1 = cur1->next){for (i = 1, cur = head; i < cur1->ord; i++) //输出cur = cur->next;printf("%-16s%-16s%-16.1f\n", cur->number, cur->name, cur->math);}printf("\n排序完成！\n");
}
void esort()
{struct grade *cur;struct order *cur1;int i;printf("名次如下:\n\n");printf("学号\t\t姓名\t\t英语\n");for (cur1 = head1; cur1 != NULL; cur1 = cur1->next){for (i = 1, cur = head; i < cur1->ord; i++) //输出cur = cur->next;printf("%-16s%-16s%-16.1f\n", cur->number, cur->name, cur->english);}printf("\n排序完成！\n");
}
void wsort()
{struct grade *cur;struct order *cur1;int i;printf("名次如下:\n\n");printf("学号\t\t姓名\t\t语文\t\t数学\t\t英语\t\t加权总分\n");for (cur1 = head1; cur1 != NULL; cur1 = cur1->next){for (i = 1, cur = head; i < cur1->ord; i++) //输出cur = cur->next;printf("%-16s%-16s%-16.1f%-16.1f%-16.1f%-16.1f\n", cur->number, cur->name, cur->chinese, cur->math, cur->english, cur->weighted);}printf("\n排序完成！\n");
}
void fail()
{struct grade * cur;printf("不及格的同学如下\n");printf("学号\t\t姓名\t\t语文\t\t数学\t\t英语\t\t总分\t\t加权总分\n");for (cur = head; cur != NULL; cur = cur->next){if (cur->chinese < 90 || cur->math < 90 || cur->english < 90)printf("%-16s%-16s%-16.1f%-16.1f%-16.1f%-16.1f%-16.1f\n", cur->number, cur->name, cur->chinese, cur->math, cur->english, cur->sum, cur->weighted);}
}
void change()
{struct grade * cur;int i;char ch, temp[20];printf("请输入学生学号:");scanf("%s", temp);for (cur = head; cur != NULL; cur = cur->next){if (strcmp(cur->number, temp) == 0)break;}if (cur == NULL){printf("不存在该同学！");return;}printf("学号%s\t姓名%s\t语文%.1f\t数学%.1f\t英语%.1f\n", cur->number, cur->name, cur->chinese, cur->math, cur->english);printf("请选择：\n1：学号\t2：姓名\t3：语文\t4：数学\t5：英语\n\n");while (1){ch = _getch();switch (ch){case'1':printf("学号：");scanf("%s", cur->number);break;case'2':printf("姓名：");scanf("%s", cur->name);break;case'3':printf("语文：");scanf_s("%f", &cur->chinese);break;case'4':printf("数学：");scanf_s("%f", &cur->math);break;case'5':printf("英语：");scanf_s("%f", &cur->english);break;default:printf("指令错误！");}printf("若要停止修改，请按z\n");ch = _getch();if (ch == 'z')break;elseprintf("请继续选择\n");}cur->sum = cur->chinese + cur->math + cur->english;cur->weighted = 0.2*cur->chinese + 0.5*cur->math + 0.3*cur->english;save();printf("修改完成！");
}
void del()
{struct grade * cur, *temp, *flag;int i;char ch, number[20];printf("请输入学生学号:");scanf("%s", number);for (flag = head; flag != NULL; flag = flag->next){if (strcmp(flag->number, number) == 0)break;}if (flag == NULL){printf("不存在该同学！");return;}printf("确认删除请按y\n");ch = _getch();if (ch == 'y'){for (cur = head; cur->next != flag;)cur = cur->next;temp = flag->next;if (temp == NULL)cur->next = NULL;elsecur->next = temp->next;save();printf("删除成功！");}}
void check(struct grade * flag)
{struct grade * cur, *pre;struct order * cur1;int i, a, b, c, d, e; //存放名次loadsort();for (a = 1, cur1 = head1; cur1->next != NULL; cur1 = cur1->next, a++){for (i = 1, pre = head; i < cur1->ord; i++)pre = pre->next;if (pre == flag)break;}for (cur = head; cur->next != NULL; cur = cur->next)cur->sum = cur->chinese; //sum变成chineseloadsort();for (b = 1, cur1 = head1; cur1->next != NULL; cur1 = cur1->next, b++){for (i = 1, pre = head; i < cur1->ord; i++)pre = pre->next;if (pre == flag)break;}for (cur = head; cur->next != NULL; cur = cur->next)cur->sum = cur->math;loadsort();for (c = 1, cur1 = head1; cur1->next != NULL; cur1 = cur1->next, c++){for (i = 1, pre = head; i < cur1->ord; i++)pre = pre->next;if (pre == flag)break;}for (cur = head; cur->next != NULL; cur = cur->next)cur->sum = cur->english;loadsort();for (d = 1, cur1 = head1; cur1->next != NULL; cur1 = cur1->next, d++){for (i = 1, pre = head; i < cur1->ord; i++)pre = pre->next;if (pre == flag)break;}for (cur = head; cur->next != NULL; cur = cur->next)cur->sum = cur->weighted;loadsort();for (e = 1, cur1 = head1; cur1->next != NULL; cur1 = cur1->next, e++){for (i = 1, pre = head; i < cur1->ord; i++)pre = pre->next;if (pre == flag)break;}printf("\n\n学号\t\t姓名\t\t语文\t\t数学\t\t英语\t\t总分\t\t加权总分\n");printf("%-16s%-16s%-16.1f%-16.1f%-16.1f%-16.1f%-16.1f\n", flag->number, flag->name, flag->chinese, flag->math, flag->english, flag->sum, flag->weighted);printf("\n总分排名为:\t\t第%d名\n", a);printf("语文排名为：\t\t第%d名\n", b);printf("数学排名为：\t\t第%d名\n", c);printf("英语排名为：\t\t第%d名\n", d);printf("加权总分排名为:\t\t第%d名\n", e);
}
void man_check()
{struct grade * flag;char temp[20];printf("请输入要查找的学生学号:");scanf("%s", temp);for (flag = head; flag != NULL; flag = flag->next){if (strcmp(flag->number, temp) == 0)break;}if (flag == NULL){printf("不存在该同学！");return;}elsecheck(flag);
}
void max1()
{struct grade *cur, *pre;for (cur = head, pre = head; cur != NULL; cur = cur->next){if (cur->chinese > pre->chinese)pre = cur; //pre指向最大的地址}printf("学号：%-16s姓名:%-16s为语文最高分：%.1f\n", pre->number, pre->name, pre->chinese);for (cur = head, pre = head; cur != NULL; cur = cur->next){if (cur->math > pre->math)pre = cur;}printf("学号：%-16s姓名:%-16s为数学最高分：%.1f\n", pre->number, pre->name, pre->math);for (cur = head, pre = head; cur != NULL; cur = cur->next){if (cur->english > pre->english)pre = cur;}printf("学号：%-16s姓名:%-16s为英语最高分：%.1f\n", pre->number, pre->name, pre->english);for (cur = head, pre = head; cur != NULL; cur = cur->next){if (cur->sum > pre->sum)pre = cur;}printf("学号：%-16s姓名:%-16s为总分最高分：%.1f\n", pre->number, pre->name, pre->sum);for (cur = head, pre = head; cur != NULL; cur = cur->next){if (cur->weighted > pre->weighted)pre = cur;}printf("学号：%-16s姓名:%-16s为加权总分最高分：%.1f\n", pre->number, pre->name, pre->weighted);
}void manager()
{struct grade *cur;char ch;int i;system("cls");if (identity() == 3){printf("系统关闭！");exit(0);}while (1){system("cls");Print();ch = _getch();system("cls");switch (ch){case'0':printf("修改密码\n\n");alter();break;case'1':printf("成绩录入\n\n");input();break;case'2':printf("成绩输出\n\n");output();break;case'3':printf("平均分:\n\n");average();break;case'4':printf("总分排序\n");loadsort();sort();break;case'a':printf("语文排序\n");for (cur = head; cur != NULL; cur = cur->next)cur->sum = cur->chinese; //sum变成chineseloadsort();csort();break;case'b':printf("数学排序\n");for (cur = head; cur != NULL; cur = cur->next)cur->sum = cur->math;loadsort();msort();break;case'c':printf("英语排序\n");for (cur = head; cur != NULL; cur = cur->next)cur->sum = cur->english;loadsort();esort();break;case'd':printf("加权总分排序\n");for (cur = head; cur != NULL; cur = cur->next)cur->sum = cur->weighted;loadsort();wsort();break;case'5':printf("查找学生\n\n");man_check(); break;case'6':printf("显示不及格\n");fail(); break;case'7':printf("修改\n");change(); break;case'8':printf("删除\n");del(); break;case'p':menu(); break;case'z':printf("系统关闭！"); exit(0);default:printf("指令错误\n");}printf("\n\n\n按任意键继续操作");_getch();}
}
int student()
{struct grade* cur;char ch, temp[20];int N, i;for (N = 0, cur = head; cur != NULL; N++)cur = cur->next;system("cls");printf("同学你好！\n请输入你的学号：");scanf("%s", temp);for (cur = head; cur != NULL; cur = cur->next){if (strcmp(cur->number, temp) == 0)break;}if (cur == NULL){printf("不存在该同学！");return 1;}while (1){system("cls");printf("\n\t\t1:查看自我成绩");printf("\n\t\t2:查看班级最高分");printf("\n\t\tp:返回主菜单");printf("\n\t\tz:退出系统");printf("\n\t请输入指令:");ch = _getch();system("cls");switch (ch){case'1':printf("\n成绩如下\n\n");check(cur);break;case'2':printf("\n最高分如下\n\n");max1();break;case'p':menu(); break;case'z':printf("系统关闭！");exit(0);default:printf("指令错误\n");}printf("\n\n\n按任意键继续操作");_getch();}return 0;
}
void menu()
{char ch;printf("\t欢迎使用“孤铉”学生成绩管理系统\n\n");printf("\t管理员登录请按m\t\t学生登录请按s\n");printf("\n\n\n退出系统请按z\n");while (1){ch = _getch();switch (ch){case'm':manager();break;case's':if (student() ){printf("\n\n\t管理员登录请按m\t\t学生登录请按s\n");printf("\n\n\n退出系统请按z\n");}break;case'z':printf("系统关闭！");exit(0);default:printf("\n指令错误！\t请重新输入指令");}}
}
int main()
{system("color f1"); //16进制，前面是背景，后面是字体颜色load();menu();
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