Although we’re barely a fifth of the way into the century, when they close the books on the 21st century and look back at the technology that changed everything, the cloud is sure to be a top contender.

尽管我们还只是进入本世纪的五分之一，但当他们关闭了21世纪的书籍并回顾改变一切的技术时，云计算肯定是最有力的竞争者。

Hardware and software go through their changes and developments. The cloud plays its role in the development of new technology, but its primary purpose is for a long time to come in the area of data storage and management.

硬件和软件会经历其变化和发展。 云在新技术的发展中扮演着重要角色，但是其主要目的是在很长一段时间内进入数据存储和管理领域。

That’s why it’s so crucial to consider data integrity when thinking about the cloud. Is it vulnerable? Can it fail? How do we protect it? What do we do if something goes wrong? These are all critical questions.

这就是为什么在考虑云时考虑数据完整性至关重要的原因。 它脆弱吗？ 会失败吗？ 我们如何保护它？ 如果出现问题怎么办？ 这些都是关键问题。

到底是什么云？ (What is the cloud, anyway?)

To understand the potential problems with storing data on the cloud, it’s good to know what the cloud is.

要了解在云上存储数据的潜在问题，最好了解云是什么。

Cloud computing is a synthesis of data storage and hosted applications situated on multiple remote servers accessed through the internet. What we’ve come to call “the cloud” is the collection of servers where those applications and data are kept. These days, many companies and individuals use the cloud in some way or another for business or personal reasons and can do so from multiple access points.

云计算是位于互联网上的多个远程服务器上的数据存储和托管应用程序的综合。 我们称之为“云”的是服务器的集合，这些应用程序和数据被保存在这些服务器中。 如今，许多公司和个人出于业务或个人原因以某种方式使用云，并且可以从多个访问点使用云。

While you may not usually think of music services, email applications, and social networks as part of the cloud, they are. When you buy a song on iTunes, it becomes accessible from a smartphone, tablet, desktop, or smart home device.

尽管您通常可能不会将音乐服务，电子邮件应用程序和社交网络视为云的一部分，但它们却是。 在iTunes上购买歌曲时，可以从智能手机，平板电脑，台式机或智能家居设备访问它。

The same goes for the backed up photos on your smartphone, your contacts list, emails, and more.

对于智能手机上的备份照片，联系人列表，电子邮件等，也是如此。

筹码增加 (The stakes are raised)

Data storage online is far from new. With increases in data storage capability, computer and network speeds, and internet access, the cloud is more than just storage on a single server. Data is stored on multiple servers across the world so you can always send, receive, or manipulate files and programs no matter where you are so long as you have an internet connection.

在线数据存储远非新鲜事物。 随着数据存储能力，计算机和网络速度以及互联网访问能力的提高，云不仅仅是存储在单个服务器上。 数据存储在世界各地的多台服务器上，因此无论身在何处，只要有Internet连接，您就可以始终发送，接收或操作文件和程序。

With so much business and personal data ending up on the cloud, it’s perfectly reasonable to ask what happens when that data goes missing.

由于大量的业务和个人数据最终都存储在云中，因此询问丢失这些数据时会发生什么是完全合理的。

那么，您的数据在哪里？ (So, where is your data?)

Cloud-stored data and applications are recorded and kept at data centers on individual servers. These data centers are located all over the world. Those businesses that own the data centers — such as Amazon, Google, Dropbox, and so on — rent storage space to businesses and individuals to keep their data. As cloud platforms evolve, services have grown to include cloud-based software access as well.

云存储的数据和应用程序被记录并保存在单个服务器上的数据中心。 这些数据中心遍布世界各地。 拥有数据中心的那些企业(例如Amazon，Google，Dropbox等)将存储空间出租给企业和个人以保留其数据。 随着云平台的发展，服务已经增长到包括基于云的软件访问。

However, the main idea at work is that everyone’s data is kept private and safe within its own dedicated space.

但是，工作的主要思想是，每个人的数据都在自己专用的空间内保持私有和安全。

数据在云上安全吗？ (Is data safe on the cloud?)

Your data is probably safer on the cloud than anywhere else.

您的数据在云上可能比其他任何地方都更安全。

Because cloud data is stored on services at multiple locations, all that redundancy means that it’s tough to lose. Should there be an issue at one data center, no problem. Your data or remote software access can always use another data center instead.

由于云数据存储在多个位置的服务上，因此所有冗余意味着很难丢失。 一个数据中心应该有问题，没问题。 您的数据或远程软件访问权限始终可以改用另一个数据中心。

It’s the same data, and the multiple servers are updated on a practically continuous basis.

这是相同的数据，并且多个服务器实际上是连续更新的。

It’s the decentralized nature of this type of data center storage that makes it a safer place to keep your business or personal data than onsite storage. Physical servers located in your office are vulnerable to all sorts of hazards ranging from power surges, malware, natural disaster, physical malfunctions, and hardware/software obsolescence.

正是这种类型的数据中心存储的分散性质，使其比现场存储更安全地保存您的业务或个人数据。 办公室中的物理服务器易受各种危害的影响，包括电涌，恶意软件，自然灾害，物理故障以及硬件/软件过时。

但是数据会丢失吗？ (But can data be lost?)

When you get right down to it, anything can be lost. Between user error, system or hardware crashes, malware, natural disaster, all data is at risk. The cloud architecture’s built-in redundancies and data protection protocols go a long way in making sure your information is as safe as possible.

当您坚持到底时， 任何事情都可能丢失。 在用户错误，系统或硬件崩溃，恶意软件，自然灾害之间，所有数据都处于危险之中。 云架构的内置冗余和数据保护协议在确保您的信息尽可能安全方面大有帮助。

Still, here are a few ways data can be lost on the cloud:

尽管如此，仍然可以通过以下几种方法在云上丢失数据：

黑客和其他老鼠 (Hackers and other rats)

Cloud service providers are continually improving and updating their systems and, more importantly, their system security. That said, there is no shortage of hackers and other bad actors on the internet, and they see cloud servers as an irresistibly juicy target.

云服务提供商正在不断改进和更新他们的系统，更重要的是他们的系统安全性。 也就是说，互联网上不乏黑客和其他不良行为者，他们将云服务器视为不可抗拒的多汁目标。

On the one hand, you can place a lot of trust and faith in your cloud service provider’s work to keep your data safe. It’s in their best interest to make sure you don’t lose confidence in them.

一方面，您可以对云服务提供商的工作充满信任和信心，以确保数据安全。 确保您对他们失去信心符合他们的最大利益。

On the other, you would be wise to enact the usual sensible security protocols on your end as well. This can include:

另一方面，明智的是在终端上制定通常的明智安全协议。 这可以包括：

• Firewalls防火墙
• Robust passwords健壮的密码
• Two-factor authenticity两因素真实性
• Malware/virus detection software恶意软件/病毒检测软件
• Data encryption数据加密
• Secured WiFi or other network connection安全的WiFi或其他网络连接

用户错误 (User error)

Mistakes happen. People are fallible. Probably the most common reasons for data loss when using cloud storage are misfiled data and unintentional deletion.

发生错误。 人是容易犯错的。 使用云存储时，数据丢失的最常见原因可能是数据归档错误和意外删除。

Get employees trained on any software or process you use that accesses the cloud and make sure they understand how to use the software, how to write and store data, and how to use the “undo” option if there is one available.

让员工接受有关您使用的访问云的任何软件或过程的培训，并确保他们了解如何使用该软件，如何编写和存储数据以及如何使用“撤消”选项(如果有)。

资料覆写 (Data overwrite)

One could also lose essential data when information mistakenly overwritten by users or applications. Cloud-based Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) applications tend to be unfortunate sources of significant data loss. These programs store and continuously update large data sets. An influx of new data can overwrite old data and cause some sets to be lost in the process.

当用户或应用程序错误地覆盖信息时，也可能会丢失基本数据。 基于云的软件即服务(SaaS)应用程序往往是造成大量数据丢失的不幸来源。 这些程序存储并不断更新大型数据集。 涌入新数据可能会覆盖旧数据，并导致某些集合在此过程中丢失。

This is another case where proper training is a must. Know how your cloud-based apps work — particularly when it comes to saving and updating information. Find out if your cloud service or cloud-based application has a way to revert to history so you can go back to previous versions of your data.

这是必须进行适当培训的另一种情况。 了解基于云的应用程序如何工作，尤其是在保存和更新信息方面。 了解您的云服务或基于云的应用程序是否具有还原到历史记录的方式，以便您可以返回到数据的先前版本。

But training is still and will always be your best bet.

但是培训仍然是永远的最佳选择。

常识解决方案甚至适用于云 (Common sense solutions even apply to the cloud)

When you get right down to it, the risks and solutions for dealing with the cloud and keeping your data safe are not that much different from what you’d do if you were operating with a single, isolated computer. The only real differences are the scale and accessibility options you have with the cloud.

当您完全了解它时，处理云和保护数据安全的风险和解决方案与使用单个隔离的计算机进行操作相比并没有太大不同。 唯一真正的区别是云的规模和可访问性选项。

And the cloud’s redundant architecture. And built-in security protocols.

还有云的冗余架构。 并内置安全协议。

And… well, you know what?

而且……嗯，你知道吗？

The cloud is still your safest bet when it comes to keeping personal and business data safe. You just need to apply a little common sense now and then to help keep it that way.

在保护个人和企业数据安全方面，云仍然是您最安全的选择。 您只需要不时应用一些常识即可帮助保持这种常识。

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