Android: How to Capture Screen in Gingerbread(2.3中实现截屏)

示例代码在:

frameworks\base\services\surfaceflinger\tests\screencap\screencap.cpp

/** Copyright (C) 2010 The Android Open Source Project** Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.* You may obtain a copy of the License at**      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0** Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and* limitations under the License.*/#include <utils/Log.h>#include <binder/IPCThreadState.h>
#include <binder/ProcessState.h>
#include <binder/IServiceManager.h>#include <binder/IMemory.h>
#include <surfaceflinger/ISurfaceComposer.h>#include <SkImageEncoder.h>
#include <SkBitmap.h>using namespace android;int main(int argc, char** argv)
{if (argc != 2) {printf("usage: %s path\n", argv[0]);exit(0);}const String16 name("SurfaceFlinger");sp<ISurfaceComposer> composer;getService(name, &composer);sp<IMemoryHeap> heap;uint32_t w, h;PixelFormat f;status_t err = composer->captureScreen(0, &heap, &w, &h, &f, 0, 0);if (err != NO_ERROR) {fprintf(stderr, "screen capture failed: %s\n", strerror(-err));exit(0);}printf("screen capture success: w=%u, h=%u, pixels=%p\n",w, h, heap->getBase());printf("saving file as PNG in %s ...\n", argv[1]);SkBitmap b;b.setConfig(SkBitmap::kARGB_8888_Config, w, h);b.setPixels(heap->getBase());SkImageEncoder::EncodeFile(argv[1], b,SkImageEncoder::kPNG_Type, SkImageEncoder::kDefaultQuality);return 0;
}

编译后生成 /system/bin/test-screencap

测试时终端输入 test-screencap /mnt/sdcard/scapxx.png

可以看到SD卡生成截屏文件scapxx.png，默认大小为屏幕分辨率

如果想把这个功能写到自己的应用里

写个JNI，参考上面代码即可，但记得权限声明

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_FRAME_BUFFER" />

贴出JNI代码，或资源下载地址:http://download.csdn.net/detail/zmyde2010/3835127

jni/com_android_ScreenCap_ScreenCapNative.cpp

/** Copyright (C) 2010 The Android Open Source Project** Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.* You may obtain a copy of the License at**      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0** Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and* limitations under the License.*/#define LOG_TAG "ScreenCapNative-JNI"//#define LOG_NDEBUG 0#include "JNIHelp.h"
#include "jni.h"#include <utils/Log.h>#include <binder/IPCThreadState.h>
#include <binder/ProcessState.h>
#include <binder/IServiceManager.h>#include <binder/IMemory.h>
#include <surfaceflinger/ISurfaceComposer.h>#include <SkImageEncoder.h>
#include <SkBitmap.h>namespace android {  static void android_ScreenCap_ScreenCapNative_nativeCaptureScreen(JNIEnv* env,jobject obj, jstring file)
{const char *file_path = env->GetStringUTFChars(file, NULL);const String16 name("SurfaceFlinger");sp<ISurfaceComposer> composer;getService(name, &composer);sp<IMemoryHeap> heap;uint32_t w, h;PixelFormat f;status_t err = composer->captureScreen(0, &heap, &w, &h, &f, 0, 0);if (err != NO_ERROR) {LOGE("screen capture failed: %s\n", strerror(-err));exit(0);}LOGD("screen capture success: w=%u, h=%u, pixels=%p\n",w, h, heap->getBase());LOGD("saving file as PNG in %s ...\n", file_path);SkBitmap b;b.setConfig(SkBitmap::kARGB_8888_Config, w, h);b.setPixels(heap->getBase());SkImageEncoder::EncodeFile(file_path, b,SkImageEncoder::kPNG_Type, SkImageEncoder::kDefaultQuality);
}static JNINativeMethod gScreenCapNativeMethods[] = {/* name, signature, funcPtr */{ "nativeCaptureScreen", "(Ljava/lang/String;)V",(void*) android_ScreenCap_ScreenCapNative_nativeCaptureScreen },
};int register_android_ScreenCap_ScreenCapNative(JNIEnv* env) {int res = jniRegisterNativeMethods(env, "com/android/ScreenCap/ScreenCapNative",gScreenCapNativeMethods, NELEM(gScreenCapNativeMethods));LOG_FATAL_IF(res < 0, "Unable to register native methods.");return 0;
}   extern "C" jint JNI_OnLoad(JavaVM* vm, void* reserved)
{JNIEnv* env = NULL;jint result = -1;if (vm->GetEnv((void**) &env, JNI_VERSION_1_4) != JNI_OK) {LOGE("GetEnv failed!");return result;}LOG_ASSERT(env, "Could not retrieve the env!");register_android_ScreenCap_ScreenCapNative(env);return JNI_VERSION_1_4;
}   } /* namespace android */

jni/Android.mk

LOCAL_PATH:= $(call my-dir)
include $(CLEAR_VARS)LOCAL_SRC_FILES := com_android_ScreenCap_ScreenCapNative.cppLOCAL_C_INCLUDES += \$(JNI_H_INCLUDE)LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := \libnativehelper \libcutils \libutils \libbinder \libskia \libui \libsurfaceflinger_clientLOCAL_C_INCLUDES += \external/skia/include/core \external/skia/include/effects \external/skia/include/images \external/skia/src/ports \external/skia/include/utilsLOCAL_MODULE:= libscreencapjni
LOCAL_MODULE_TAGS := optional
LOCAL_PRELINK_MODULE := falseinclude $(BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY)

看到有人问Java怎么调用JNI，贴出例子:

src/com/android/ScreenCap/ScreenCapNative.java

/* zmyde2010@csdn */
package com.android.ScreenCap;import java.io.File;
import android.os.Environment;public class ScreenCapNative {static {System.loadLibrary("screencapjni");};private native static void nativeCaptureScreen(String file);public static String startCaptureScreen() {String file_name = getUniqueFileName();if (file_name != null) {nativeCaptureScreen(file_name);}return file_name;}private static String getUniqueFileName() {File file = null;if (Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {file = createUniqueFile(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),"ScreenCap.PNG");} else if (Environment.getInternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {file = createUniqueFile(Environment.getInternalStorageDirectory(),"ScreenCap.PNG");                }return (file != null) ? file.getAbsolutePath() : null;}private static File createUniqueFile(File directory, String filename) {File file = new File(directory, filename);if (!file.exists()) {return file;}// Get the extension of the file, if any.int index = filename.lastIndexOf('.');String format;if (index != -1) {String name = filename.substring(0, index);String extension = filename.substring(index);format = name + "-%d" + extension;}else {format = filename + "-%d.PNG";}for (int i = 2; i < Integer.MAX_VALUE; i++) {file = new File(directory, String.format(format, i));if (!file.exists()) {return file;}}return null;}   }

可以在你的Acitvity或Service里面调用 ScreenCapNative.startCaptureScreen();来截屏

4.0源码已经公布了，大家不要花时间研究2.3的截屏了

当然最好是系统级实现，响应某个组合键来截屏，像Android4.0

发两张截图:

我上传了全部源码，包括编译后的APK,so，稍后请到我的资源里面下载:

http://download.csdn.net/detail/zmyde2010/3911916

例子中截屏作为一个开机启动的后台service，在需要截屏的任何地方(系统servic或其他APK)，发送
Intent "com.android.CAPTURE_SCREEN" 即可

我的测试版本是2.3.4，其它不保证能用

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