OVS 网桥的Patch端口学习笔记

原文：http://blog.scottlowe.org/2012/11/27/connecting-ovs-bridges-with-patch-ports/

一些理解：

OpenSwitch可以用于创建虚拟交换机，之后可以创建虚拟端口绑定在虚拟交换机上，或者把虚拟或物理网卡绑定在虚拟交换机上。
通过OpenSwitch创建的虚拟交换机可以实现各种互连需求，例如物理机---物理机、虚拟机---虚拟机、物理机---虚拟机、网桥---网桥等场景下的互联。http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-20737871-id-4333314.html介绍了5中场景以及实现方式。
OpenSwitch创建的虚拟交换机可以有IP，但是虚拟端口没有IP。
在Openstack的网络中，不管何种方案，最终实现的通信本质上都是样建立从一个网卡与另一个网卡之间的互联，有两方面，在二层，两个网卡直连是不行的，中间有转发层，即至少有一层网桥或交换机；位于首位的两个网卡之间还有其它网卡时，就必须有多层的网桥/交换机（brige/switch），即用一根网线把两个网卡相连是不行的，而必须有中间层；在三层看，要实现IP路由，但是网卡不具备这个功能，它肯定是把数据发到网桥/交换机上，并有这个中间设备再把数据转发到另一个网卡上。
网桥/交换机上的是接口Port，不是网卡ethx，但是网卡可以作为port，在bond模式下，例如bond1是Port，而Interface是eth0和eth1。当网卡连接到网桥上时，实际中是一根网线将网卡的网口和网桥上的一个网口连起来了。
所谓一个TAP设备，就可以理解为网桥上的一个Port，VM的网口通过与网桥上的一个TAP设备互联俩接入网桥。此外，在VM上，网卡也是作为一个设备存在的。
连接在同一个网桥上的网络是相通的，例如一个物理机中的多个VM通过连接到同一个虚拟网桥上来实现互连，此外，VM通过网桥连接到公网也是这个原理。

例一：

    Bridge "ovsbr2"Port "ovsbr2"Interface "ovsbr2"type: internalPort "patch2-0"Interface "patch2-0"type: patchoptions: {peer="patch0-2"}Bridge "ovsbr0"Port <strong>"bond0</strong>"Interface "eth0"Interface "eth2"Port "patch0-2"Interface "patch0-2"type: patchoptions: {peer="patch2-0"}Port "ovsbr0"Interface "ovsbr0"type: internal

可以看出ovsbr2和ovsbr1是联通的，ovsbr2没有物理链路，ovsbr0具有物理链路，此时当一个server连接到ovsbr2时，就通过ovsbr1获得了链接外网的通路。

例二：

如下是通过Fuel9.0安装的Openstack环境的Controller节点的OpenSwitch网络状态以及网卡信息：可以看出，只有部分网卡连接到OpenSwitch的网桥上，而OpenSwitch网桥上有很多虚拟端口（用于实现虚拟网桥互联或是VLAN），也有少数为网卡。

502294bb-9058-439e-9174-14880369bc70Bridge br-intfail_mode: securePort int-br-prvInterface int-br-prvtype: patchoptions: {peer=phy-br-prv}Port "qr-e29e4ce4-b1"tag: 1Interface "qr-e29e4ce4-b1"type: internalPort "tap98cf34e6-e8"tag: 1Interface "tap98cf34e6-e8"type: internalPort int-br-floatingInterface int-br-floatingtype: patchoptions: {peer=phy-br-floating}Port br-intInterface br-inttype: internalPort "qg-bfe5654d-d1"tag: 2Interface "qg-bfe5654d-d1"type: internalBridge br-floating
<strong>        Port "p_ff798dba-0"Interface "p_ff798dba-0"type: internalPort br-floatingInterface br-floatingtype: internal</strong>Port phy-br-floatingInterface phy-br-floatingtype: patchoptions: {peer=int-br-floating}Bridge br-prv  Port phy-br-prvInterface phy-br-prvtype: patchoptions: {peer=int-br-prv}
<strong>        Port br-prvInterface br-prvtype: internalPort "p_eeee51a2-0"Interface "p_eeee51a2-0"</strong>type: internalovs_version: "2.4.1"

br-ex     Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 02:16:f1:b7:3e:28  inet addr:172.16.0.4  Bcast:172.16.0.255  Mask:255.255.255.0inet6 addr: fe80::6845:e3ff:fed4:43f/64 Scope:LinkUP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1RX packets:263275 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:99184 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:9756334 (9.7 MB)  TX bytes:5220085 (5.2 MB)<strong>br-floating</strong> Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr a6:68:10:21:d3:4b  UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1RX packets:191514 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:3 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:8367990 (8.3 MB)  TX bytes:270 (270.0 B)br-fw-admin Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 08:00:27:11:99:1b  inet addr:10.20.0.7  Bcast:10.20.0.255  Mask:255.255.255.0inet6 addr: fe80::2858:6aff:fe9f:e1ae/64 Scope:LinkUP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1RX packets:497649 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:873355 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:189333258 (189.3 MB)  TX bytes:303474053 (303.4 MB)br-mgmt   Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 08:00:27:11:99:1b  inet addr:192.168.0.3  Bcast:192.168.0.255  Mask:255.255.255.0inet6 addr: fe80::8ca1:63ff:fe47:1cb0/64 Scope:LinkUP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1RX packets:3857338 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:3230442 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:730515833 (730.5 MB)  TX bytes:790799261 (790.7 MB)<strong>br-prv </strong>   Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr d2:19:53:3c:55:4b  UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1RX packets:37161 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:3 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:2158951 (2.1 MB)  TX bytes:270 (270.0 B)br-storage Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 08:00:27:11:99:1b  inet addr:192.168.1.1  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0inet6 addr: fe80::f898:ebff:fed7:ce8f/64 Scope:LinkUP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1RX packets:9 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:14 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:592 (592.0 B)  TX bytes:900 (900.0 B)enp0s3    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 08:00:27:11:99:1b  inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fe11:991b/64 Scope:LinkUP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1RX packets:1107839 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:1473974 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:442304763 (442.3 MB)  TX bytes:483309969 (483.3 MB)enp0s8    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 08:00:27:4e:cd:da  inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fe4e:cdda/64 Scope:LinkUP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1RX packets:26696 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:211481 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:2599972 (2.5 MB)  TX bytes:26968966 (26.9 MB)enp0s3.101 Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 08:00:27:11:99:1b  inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fe11:991b/64 Scope:LinkUP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1RX packets:253052 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:499722 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:78961980 (78.9 MB)  TX bytes:69805616 (69.8 MB)enp0s3.102 Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 08:00:27:11:99:1b  inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fe11:991b/64 Scope:LinkUP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1RX packets:9 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:592 (592.0 B)  TX bytes:648 (648.0 B)hapr-host Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 5a:5a:f3:52:65:6b  inet addr:240.0.0.1  Bcast:0.0.0.0  Mask:255.255.255.252inet6 addr: fe80::585a:f3ff:fe52:656b/64 Scope:LinkUP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1RX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:648 (648.0 B)  TX bytes:648 (648.0 B)lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:HostUP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1RX packets:11823813 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:11823813 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:1488747954 (1.4 GB)  TX bytes:1488747954 (1.4 GB)mgmt-conntrd Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 86:76:5f:ec:05:ac  inet6 addr: fe80::8476:5fff:feec:5ac/64 Scope:LinkUP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1RX packets:117941 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:181116 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:5793802 (5.7 MB)  TX bytes:7607899 (7.6 MB)<strong>p_eeee51a2-0</strong> Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 3a:37:a6:c1:8f:d0  inet6 addr: fe80::3837:a6ff:fec1:8fd0/64 Scope:LinkUP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:65000  Metric:1RX packets:1 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:37173 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:90 (90.0 B)  TX bytes:2160163 (2.1 MB)<strong>p_ff798dba-0</strong> Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr d6:67:e9:af:88:c0  inet6 addr: fe80::d467:e9ff:feaf:88c0/64 Scope:LinkUP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:65000  Metric:1RX packets:7 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:191515 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:342 (342.0 B)  TX bytes:8368256 (8.3 MB)v_management Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 36:b6:98:fd:e5:fe  inet6 addr: fe80::34b6:98ff:fefd:e5fe/64 Scope:LinkUP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1RX packets:3367185 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:3181235 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:691242428 (691.2 MB)  TX bytes:741617655 (741.6 MB)v_public  Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 52:cf:26:d3:1a:b4  inet6 addr: fe80::50cf:26ff:fed3:1ab4/64 Scope:LinkUP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1RX packets:121556 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:141402 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:16437906 (16.4 MB)  TX bytes:6725328 (6.7 MB)v_vrouter Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr fe:ff:d3:c7:46:c5  inet6 addr: fe80::fcff:d3ff:fec7:46c5/64 Scope:LinkUP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1RX packets:120628 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:238993 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:5089089 (5.0 MB)  TX bytes:10906887 (10.9 MB)v_vrouter_pub Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 02:16:f1:b7:3e:28  inet6 addr: fe80::16:f1ff:feb7:3e28/64 Scope:LinkUP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1RX packets:120146 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:138215 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:5054246 (5.0 MB)  TX bytes:6129743 (6.1 MB)vr-host-base Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 12:19:8d:cc:2b:3f  inet addr:240.0.0.5  Bcast:0.0.0.0  Mask:255.255.255.252inet6 addr: fe80::1019:8dff:fecc:2b3f/64 Scope:LinkUP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1RX packets:938 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:855 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:63370 (63.3 KB)  TX bytes:61297 (61.2 KB)

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