Linux下编译安装MySQL

下面是在 CentOS 6.5 下编译安装 MySQL 5.6.20 。

1. 首先卸载系统自带的 mysql

# yum remove mysql

2.安装cmake

下载cmake源码

# wget http://www.cmake.org/files/v2.8/cmake-2.8.5.tar.gz

# tar xzfv cmake-2.8.5.tar.gz

# cd cmake-2.8.5

# ./configure

( 如果提示没安装C++编译器就先安装C++编译器：# yum -y install gcc-c++ )

# make

# make install

查看 cmake 版本

# cmake -version

3.安装 ncurses 和 bison

# yum -y install ncurses-devel

# yum -y install bison

4. 创建mysql组和用户

# groupadd mysql

# useradd -g mysql mysql

5. 创建数据库目录及分配访问权限

# mkdir -p /u01/app/mysql

# chown -R root:mysql /u01/app/mysql

# chown -R mysql:mysql /u01/app/mysql/data

6. 编译安装mysql

下载mysql源码

# wget http://cdn.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.20.tar.gz

# tar xzfv mysql-5.6.20.tar.gz

# cd mysql-5.6.20

# cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/u01/app/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/u01/app/mysql/data -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc

参数说明：

-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX    //安装根目录

-DINSTALL_DATADIR         //数据存储目录

-DSYSCONFDIR              //配置文件(my.cnf)目录

# make

# make install

7. 配置 mysql

# cd /u01/app/mysql

# cp ./support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

# vi /etc/my.cnf

在 [mysqld] 段修改

basedir = /u01/app/mysql

datadir = /u01/app/mysql/data

保存退出编辑。

8. 初始化数据库

# cd /u01/app/mysql

# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/u01/app/mysql --datadir=/u01/app/mysql/data --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql

# cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld

# chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld

# chkconfig --add mysqld

9. 设置启动脚本变量

# vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld

basedir=/u01/app/mysql

datadir=/u01/app/mysql/data

保存退出。

10. 设置变量环境

# echo "PATH=$PATH:/u01/app/mysql/bin" >> /etc/profile (永久生效)

# export PATH=$PATH:/u01/app/mysql/bin (当前生效)

11. 启动服务

# service mysqld start

/etc/init.d/mysqld: line 46: /u01/app/mysql: is a directory

/etc/init.d/mysqld: line 47: /u01/app/mysql/data: is a directory

Starting MySQL.                                            [  OK  ]

如果这一步出现错误：Starting MySQL. ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file

除了网络搜索到的常见kill进程等方法之外，如果不起作用可参考以下页面的方法：

http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_637e04c9010117ri.html

尝试了其中的solution 2 移除配置文件解决了问题

12. 设置数据库管理员root密码

# mysqladmin -u root password '123456'

(注：在当前会话窗口操作，否则会出现 “mysqladmin: command not found” 错误，除非重新启动系统。)

重新启动服务

# service mysqld restart

/etc/init.d/mysqld: line 46: /u01/app/mysql: is a directory

/etc/init.d/mysqld: line 47: /u01/app/mysql/data: is a directory

/etc/init.d/mysqld: line 46: /u01/app/mysql: is a directory

/etc/init.d/mysqld: line 47: /u01/app/mysql/data: is a directory

Shutting down MySQL.                                       [  OK  ]

/etc/init.d/mysqld: line 46: /u01/app/mysql: is a directory

/etc/init.d/mysqld: line 47: /u01/app/mysql/data: is a directory

Starting MySQL.                                            [  OK  ]

13. 进入 MySQL

# mysql -u root -p

(注：在当前会话窗口操作，否则会出现 “mysql: command not found” 错误，除非重新启动系统。)

Enter password:

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 3

Server version: 5.6.20 Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

登录成功了，赶快感受一下 ：)

mysql> use mysql;

Reading table information for completion of table and column names

You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed

mysql> select Host,User,Password from user;

+-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+

| Host                  | User | Password                                  |

+-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+

| localhost             | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |

| localhost.localdomain | root |                                           |

| 127.0.0.1             | root |                                           |

| ::1                   | root |                                           |

| localhost             |      |                                           |

| localhost.localdomain |      |                                           |

+-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+

6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>