包的结构

beans-config.xml配置如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="inheritedSomeBean" abstract="true">
<property name="name">
<value>guest</value>
</property>
<property name="age">
<value>18</value>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="some" class="Test.SomeBean" parent="inheritedSomeBean">
<property name="name">
<value>Justin</value>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>

spring测试程序如下：

SomeBean.java

package Test;

public class SomeBean {
private String name;
private int age;
public int getAge(){
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age){
this.age=age;
}
public String getName(){
return name;
}
public void setName(String name){
this.name=name;
}
}

测试类如下：

package Test;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class SpringDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
@SuppressWarnings("resource")
ApplicationContext context=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans-config.xml");
SomeBean some=(SomeBean)context.getBean("some");
System.out.println("name:"+some.getName());
System.out.print("name:"+some.getAge());
}

}

运行Main.java程序，结果显示报错。报错如下：

四月 30, 2019 11:53:43 上午 org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext prepareRefresh
信息: Refreshing org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@619a5dff: startup date [Tue Apr 30 11:53:43 CST 2019]; root of context hierarchy
四月 30, 2019 11:53:44 上午 org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions
信息: Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [beans-config.xml]
Exception in thread "main" org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: IOException parsing XML document from class path resource [beans-config.xml]; nested exception is java.io.FileNotFoundException: class path resource [beans-config.xml] cannot be opened because it does not exist
at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:343)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:303)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:187)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:223)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:194)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:258)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractXmlApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractXmlApplicationContext.java:128)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractXmlApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractXmlApplicationContext.java:94)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.refreshBeanFactory(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java:133)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.obtainFreshBeanFactory(AbstractApplicationContext.java:620)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:521)
at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.<init>(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:144)
at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.<init>(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:85)
at Test.SpringDemo.main(SpringDemo.java:8)
Caused by: java.io.FileNotFoundException: class path resource [beans-config.xml] cannot be opened because it does not exist
at org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource.getInputStream(ClassPathResource.java:177)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:329)

此时我们可以将配置文件移到src目录下，这是由于配置文件在test目录中找不到相关的文件路径这样问题解决了，如图所示：

其中所需要导入的包如下所示：