nginx 异常长连接快速断开

最近碰到了一个问题，设备端上挂载的nginx服务通过c版fcgi提供服务，其中的长连接API经常连接的设备断网后其他设备无法连接上。

初步查看源代码调试日志发现网络断了nginx未检测到，这时就想到给nginx添加保活检测，配置中listen加上了，写模块给connection也加上，均发现无效果，半天摸不清头脑。先写个小小的测试程序测试保活特性吧，开始我测试的是服务端只收不发，客户端只发不收，居然达到了我要的效果，短短几秒之后端口就关闭了。后面测试了收发同时跑的时候，死活都达不到效果，这就郁闷了。

listen保活检测配置:

listen 80 so_keepalive=1:1:1;
//so_keepalive= tcp_keepidle:tcp_keepintvl:tcp_keepcnt

经过抓包后发现这两种情况的不同之处，请看截图：

这是只收不发的抓包截图，Keep-Alive严格按照设定走。

这是收发同时跑的抓包截图，Keep-Alive一个都没有，多出了TCP Retransmission，这个是超时重传的包。后面查了下为啥保活没激活，仔细瞧了下保活注解后注意到了（如果2小时内在此套接口的任一方向都没有数据交换）这是重点。在后面这种情况下需要去处理超时重发，但是超时重发貌似只能调整系统设置（暂时未找到怎么通过设置socket调整超时重发参数，知道的希望告诉我下）。

改系统中的设定如下，可以达到了效果。

echo "net.ipv4.tcp_retries2=5" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
sysctl -p

但是改系统参数配置影响范围有点大，这个是能是没有办法之后的方法了。之后翻找了下nginx中fastcgi流程，与源码对照的看了下，发现可以这么操作：

1.清零 SO_SNDBUF，，通过listen 80 sndbuf=0; 参数修改

2.降低fastcgi缓冲区大小，避免太多次的缓冲区操作导致超时延后

3.设置send_timeout 1

ps：1,2两点为了使协议栈和用户发送缓冲能尽快的装满，走入发送超时检测流程。

具体配置如下：

listen 80 sndbuf=0;
...location ~ \.push$ {send_timeout 1;fastcgi_buffer_size 200;fastcgi_buffers 2 200;                fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 200;...
}

nginx结构流程图.vsdx

nginx保活模块：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1EGLmNg5S9uXZloeLCvPOFQ

测试用c版代码:

server.c

#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>#ifdef _WIN32
#define WIN32 1
#endif#ifdef WIN32
#include <winsock2.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include <mstcpip.h>#define close closesocket
#else
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/select.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet/tcp.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <errno.h>
typedef int SOCKET;#endif#define LOGS_FULL(OPTION,ERRNO) \printf("(%s %d %s) %s errno:%d",__FILE__,__LINE__,__FUNCTION__,OPTION,ERRNO);#define LOGS(OPTION,ERRNO) \printf("%s errno:%d",OPTION,ERRNO);#define ERRORS(OPTION,ERRNO) LOGS(OPTION,ERRNO)#ifdef WIN32
int initNetwork()
{WSADATA wsaData;int ret = WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsaData);if (ret != 0) return 1;return 0;
}
int setnonblocking(SOCKET sock)
{unsigned long ul=1;int ret=ioctlsocket(sock,FIONBIO,(unsigned long *)&ul);if(ret==SOCKET_ERROR){}return ret;
}
int socket_keepalive(SOCKET socket)
{int keep_alive = 1;int ret = setsockopt(socket, SOL_SOCKET, SO_KEEPALIVE, (char*)&keep_alive, sizeof(keep_alive));if (ret == SOCKET_ERROR){printf("SO_KEEPALIVE failed:%d\n", WSAGetLastError());return -1;}struct tcp_keepalive in_keep_alive = {0};unsigned long ul_in_len = sizeof(struct tcp_keepalive);struct tcp_keepalive out_keep_alive = {0};unsigned long ul_out_len = sizeof(struct tcp_keepalive);unsigned long ul_bytes_return = 0;in_keep_alive.onoff = 1;in_keep_alive.keepaliveinterval = 5000;in_keep_alive.keepalivetime = 1000;ret = WSAIoctl(socket, SIO_KEEPALIVE_VALS, (LPVOID)&in_keep_alive, ul_in_len,(LPVOID)&out_keep_alive, ul_out_len, &ul_bytes_return, NULL, NULL);if (ret == SOCKET_ERROR){printf("WSAIoctl KEEPALIVE failed:%d\n", WSAGetLastError());return -1;}return 0;
}
#else
int  setnonblocking(SOCKET sock)
{int  opts = fcntl(sock,F_GETFL);if (opts < 0 ){printf( "fcntl(sock,GETFL) " );return -1;}opts  =  opts | O_NONBLOCK;if (fcntl(sock,F_SETFL,opts) < 0 ){printf( "fcntl(sock,SETFL,opts) " );return -1;}return 0;
}
int socket_keepalive(SOCKET socket)
{int optval;socklen_t optlen = sizeof(int);optval = 1;int  ret = setsockopt(socket, SOL_SOCKET, SO_KEEPALIVE, &optval, optlen);if(ret != 0){printf("SO_KEEPALIVE set failed:%d\n",errno);return -1;}
#ifdef SOL_TCP//重复检查次数optval = 5;ret = setsockopt(socket, SOL_TCP, TCP_KEEPCNT, &optval, optlen);if(ret != 0){printf("SO_KEEPALIVE set failed:%d\n",errno);return -1;}//检查空闲optval = 1;ret = setsockopt(socket, SOL_TCP, TCP_KEEPIDLE, &optval, optlen);if(ret != 0){printf("SO_KEEPALIVE set failed:%d\n",errno);return -1;}//检查间隔optval = 1;ret = setsockopt(socket, SOL_TCP, TCP_KEEPINTVL, &optval, optlen);if(ret != 0){printf("SO_KEEPALIVE set failed:%d\n",errno);return -1;}
#endifreturn 0;
}
int socket_sendbuf(SOCKET socket,int size){return setsockopt(socket,SOL_SOCKET,SO_SNDBUF,(const char*)&size,sizeof(int));
}
int socket_recvbuf(SOCKET socket,int size){return setsockopt(socket,SOL_SOCKET,SO_RCVBUF,(const char*)&size,sizeof(int));
}
int socket_linger(SOCKET socket,int onoff,int linger){struct linger    l;l.l_onoff = onoff;l.l_linger = linger;return setsockopt(socket, SOL_SOCKET, SO_LINGER,(const void *) &l, sizeof(struct linger));
}
int socket_sendtimeout(SOCKET socket, int timeout){return setsockopt(socket,SOL_SOCKET,SO_SNDTIMEO,&timeout,sizeof(timeout));
}
int socket_recvtimeout(SOCKET socket, int timeout){return setsockopt(socket,SOL_SOCKET,SO_RCVTIMEO,&timeout,sizeof(timeout));
}
uint64_t time_microsecond(){struct timeval tv;gettimeofday(&tv,NULL);return tv.tv_sec*1000000 + tv.tv_usec;
}
uint64_t  time_millisecond(){struct timeval tv;gettimeofday(&tv,NULL);return tv.tv_sec*1000 + tv.tv_usec/1000;
}
long  time_second(){struct timeval tv;gettimeofday(&tv,NULL);return tv.tv_sec;
}
double  time_secondD(){struct timeval tv;gettimeofday(&tv,NULL);double usec = (double)tv.tv_usec;return tv.tv_sec + usec/1000000;
}
#endifvoid init()
{
#ifdef WIN32initNetwork();
#endif
}int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{init();SOCKET fd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);struct sockaddr_in server = {0};server.sin_family = AF_INET;server.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(argv[1]);server.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[2]));int ret = bind(fd,&server,sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));if(ret < 0){printf("bind %d errno:%d\n",ret,errno);return -1;}// socket_keepalive(fd);// socket_sendbuf(fd,0);// socket_linger(fd,1,0);ret = listen(fd,100);if(ret == -1){printf("listen %d errno:%d\n",ret,errno);close(fd);return -1;}int nfds = fd;fd_set readfds_cache;fd_set writefds_cache;FD_ZERO(&readfds_cache);FD_ZERO(&writefds_cache);FD_SET(fd,&readfds_cache);fd_set readfds;fd_set writefds;FD_ZERO(&readfds);FD_ZERO(&writefds);struct timeval timeout;timeout.tv_sec = 1;timeout.tv_usec = 0;printf("begin run...\n");int fd_count = 1;int no_recv = 0;int no_send = 0;fd_set * ptrRecv = &readfds;fd_set * ptrSend = &writefds;while(1){readfds = readfds_cache;writefds = writefds_cache;if(no_recv == 1){// ptrRecv = NULL;}if(no_send == 1){ptrSend = NULL;}int ret = select(nfds + 1,ptrRecv,ptrSend,NULL,&timeout);if(ret  == -1){if (errno == EINTR)continue;printf("select error:%d\n",errno);break;}if(ret == 0){continue;}printf("%d select %d.\n",time_second(),ret);if(ptrRecv != NULL && FD_ISSET(fd,ptrRecv)){printf("accept connection\n");struct sockaddr_in client = {0};socklen_t client_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);SOCKET cfd = accept(fd,&client,&client_len);if(cfd == -1){ERRORS("accept",errno);}else{printf("accept %d\n",cfd);setnonblocking(cfd);socket_keepalive(cfd);// socket_sendbuf(cfd,0);// socket_linger(fd,1,0);if(!no_recv){FD_SET(cfd,&readfds_cache);}if(!no_send){FD_SET(cfd,&writefds_cache);}nfds = nfds>cfd?nfds:cfd;fd_count++;printf("accept end.\n");}}int i = 0;for (; i <= nfds; i++){if( i == fd){continue;}if(ptrRecv != NULL && no_recv == 0){if (FD_ISSET(i, ptrRecv)){printf("recv %d check...\n",i);char peek;ret = recv(i,&peek,1,MSG_PEEK);if(ret != 1){if(ret == 0 || (ret != 0 && EAGAIN != errno) ){printf("recv %d check close.%d\n",i,errno);FD_CLR(i,&readfds_cache);FD_CLR(i,&writefds_cache);close(i);printf("check close %d.\n",i);fd_count--;continue;}printf("recv %d check :%d errno:%d\n",i,ret,errno);}else{printf("recv %d ...\n",i);char buffer[65536];ret = recv(i,buffer,65535,0);if(ret == -1){if(EAGAIN != errno){printf("recv %d close.%d\n",i,errno);FD_CLR(i,&readfds_cache);FD_CLR(i,&writefds_cache);close(i);printf("close %d.\n",i);fd_count--;continue;}}else if(ret == 0){printf("recv %d close.\n",i);FD_CLR(i,&readfds_cache);FD_CLR(i,&writefds_cache);close(i);printf("close %d.\n",i);fd_count--;continue;}else{buffer[ret] = 0x00;// printf("%s\n",buffer);printf("recv %i %d\n",i,ret);}}}}if(ptrSend != NULL && no_send == 0){if(FD_ISSET(i, ptrSend)){printf("send %d ...\n",i);ret = send(i,"client",6,0);if(ret == -1){if(EAGAIN != errno){printf("send %d close.%d\n",i,errno);FD_CLR(i,&readfds_cache);FD_CLR(i,&writefds_cache);close(i);printf("close %d.\n",i);fd_count--;}}else{printf("send %d %d\n",i,ret);}}}}}return -1;
}

client:

#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>#ifdef _WIN32
#define WIN32 1
#endif#ifdef WIN32
#include <winsock2.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include <mstcpip.h>#define close closesocket
#else
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/select.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet/tcp.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <errno.h>
typedef int SOCKET;#endif#define LOGS_FULL(OPTION,ERRNO) \printf("(%s %d %s) %s errno:%d",__FILE__,__LINE__,__FUNCTION__,OPTION,ERRNO);#define LOGS(OPTION,ERRNO) \printf("%s errno:%d",OPTION,ERRNO);#define ERRORS(OPTION,ERRNO) LOGS(OPTION,ERRNO)#ifdef WIN32
int initNetwork()
{WSADATA wsaData;int ret = WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsaData);if (ret != 0) return 1;return 0;
}
int setnonblocking(SOCKET sock)
{unsigned long ul=1;int ret=ioctlsocket(sock,FIONBIO,(unsigned long *)&ul);if(ret==SOCKET_ERROR){}return ret;
}
int socket_keepalive(SOCKET socket)
{int keep_alive = 1;int ret = setsockopt(socket, SOL_SOCKET, SO_KEEPALIVE, (char*)&keep_alive, sizeof(keep_alive));if (ret == SOCKET_ERROR){printf("SO_KEEPALIVE failed:%d\n", WSAGetLastError());return -1;}struct tcp_keepalive in_keep_alive = {0};unsigned long ul_in_len = sizeof(struct tcp_keepalive);struct tcp_keepalive out_keep_alive = {0};unsigned long ul_out_len = sizeof(struct tcp_keepalive);unsigned long ul_bytes_return = 0;in_keep_alive.onoff = 1;in_keep_alive.keepaliveinterval = 5000;in_keep_alive.keepalivetime = 1000;ret = WSAIoctl(socket, SIO_KEEPALIVE_VALS, (LPVOID)&in_keep_alive, ul_in_len,(LPVOID)&out_keep_alive, ul_out_len, &ul_bytes_return, NULL, NULL);if (ret == SOCKET_ERROR){printf("WSAIoctl KEEPALIVE failed:%d\n", WSAGetLastError());return -1;}return 0;
}
#else
int  setnonblocking(SOCKET sock)
{int  opts = fcntl(sock,F_GETFL);if (opts < 0 ){printf( "fcntl(sock,GETFL) " );return -1;}opts  =  opts | O_NONBLOCK;if (fcntl(sock,F_SETFL,opts) < 0 ){printf( "fcntl(sock,SETFL,opts) " );return -1;}return 0;
}
int socket_keepalive(SOCKET socket)
{int optval;socklen_t optlen = sizeof(int);optval = 1;int  ret = setsockopt(socket, SOL_SOCKET, SO_KEEPALIVE, &optval, optlen);if(ret != 0){printf("SO_KEEPALIVE set failed:%d\n",errno);return -1;}
#ifdef SOL_TCP//重复检查次数optval = 5;ret = setsockopt(socket, SOL_TCP, TCP_KEEPCNT, &optval, optlen);if(ret != 0){printf("SO_KEEPALIVE set failed:%d\n",errno);return -1;}//检查空闲optval = 1;ret = setsockopt(socket, SOL_TCP, TCP_KEEPIDLE, &optval, optlen);if(ret != 0){printf("SO_KEEPALIVE set failed:%d\n",errno);return -1;}//检查间隔optval = 1;ret = setsockopt(socket, SOL_TCP, TCP_KEEPINTVL, &optval, optlen);if(ret != 0){printf("SO_KEEPALIVE set failed:%d\n",errno);return -1;}
#endifreturn 0;
}
int socket_sendbuf(SOCKET socket,int size){return setsockopt(socket,SOL_SOCKET,SO_SNDBUF,(const char*)&size,sizeof(int));
}
int socket_recvbuf(SOCKET socket,int size){return setsockopt(socket,SOL_SOCKET,SO_RCVBUF,(const char*)&size,sizeof(int));
}
int socket_linger(SOCKET socket,int onoff,int linger){struct linger    l;l.l_onoff = onoff;l.l_linger = linger;return setsockopt(socket, SOL_SOCKET, SO_LINGER,(const void *) &l, sizeof(struct linger));
}
int socket_sendtimeout(SOCKET socket, int timeout){return setsockopt(socket,SOL_SOCKET,SO_SNDTIMEO,&timeout,sizeof(timeout));
}
int socket_recvtimeout(SOCKET socket, int timeout){return setsockopt(socket,SOL_SOCKET,SO_RCVTIMEO,&timeout,sizeof(timeout));
}
uint64_t time_microsecond(){struct timeval tv;gettimeofday(&tv,NULL);return tv.tv_sec*1000000 + tv.tv_usec;
}
uint64_t  time_millisecond(){struct timeval tv;gettimeofday(&tv,NULL);return tv.tv_sec*1000 + tv.tv_usec/1000;
}
long  time_second(){struct timeval tv;gettimeofday(&tv,NULL);return tv.tv_sec;
}
double  time_secondD(){struct timeval tv;gettimeofday(&tv,NULL);double usec = (double)tv.tv_usec;return tv.tv_sec + usec/1000000;
}
#endifvoid init()
{
#ifdef WIN32initNetwork();
#endif
}int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{init();SOCKET fd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);struct sockaddr_in server = {0};server.sin_family = AF_INET;server.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(argv[1]);server.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[2]));int ret = connect(fd,&server,sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));if(ret != 0){printf("connect error:%d\n",errno);return -1;}int nfds = fd;fd_set readfds_cache;fd_set writefds_cache;FD_ZERO(&readfds_cache);FD_ZERO(&writefds_cache);FD_SET(fd,&readfds_cache);FD_SET(fd,&writefds_cache);fd_set readfds;fd_set writefds;FD_ZERO(&readfds);FD_ZERO(&writefds);struct timeval timeout;timeout.tv_sec = 1;timeout.tv_usec = 0;int fd_count = 1;int last_nfds = nfds;printf("begin run...\n");int no_recv = 0;int no_send = 0;fd_set * ptrRecv = &readfds;fd_set * ptrSend = &writefds;while(1){if(fd_count <= 0){break;}nfds = last_nfds;readfds = readfds_cache;writefds = writefds_cache;ptrRecv = &readfds;ptrSend = &writefds;if(no_recv == 1){ptrRecv = NULL;}if(no_send == 1){ptrSend = NULL;}int ret = select(nfds + 1,ptrRecv,ptrSend,NULL,&timeout);if(ret  == -1){if (errno == EINTR)continue;printf("select error:%d\n",errno);break;}if(ret == 0){continue;}printf("%d select %d.\n",time_second(),ret);int i = 0;for (; i <= nfds; i++){if(ptrRecv != NULL && no_recv == 0){if (FD_ISSET(i, ptrRecv)){printf("recv %d check...\n",i);char peek;ret = recv(i,&peek,1,MSG_PEEK);if(ret != 1){if(ret == 0 || (ret != 0 && EAGAIN != errno) ){printf("recv %d check close.%d\n",i,errno);FD_CLR(i,&readfds_cache);FD_CLR(i,&writefds_cache);close(i);printf("check close %d.\n",i);fd_count--;continue;}printf("recv %d check :%d errno:%d\n",i,ret,errno);}else{printf("recv %d ...\n",i);char buffer[65536];ret = recv(i,buffer,65535,0);if(ret == -1){if(EAGAIN != errno){printf("recv %d close.%d\n",i,errno);FD_CLR(i,&readfds_cache);FD_CLR(i,&writefds_cache);close(i);printf("close %d.\n",i);fd_count--;continue;}}else if(ret == 0){printf("recv %d close.\n",i);FD_CLR(i,&readfds_cache);FD_CLR(i,&writefds_cache);close(i);printf("close %d.\n",i);fd_count--;continue;}else{buffer[ret] = 0x00;// printf("%s\n",buffer);printf("recv %i %d\n",i,ret);}}}}if(ptrSend != NULL && no_send == 0){if(FD_ISSET(i, ptrSend)){printf("send %d ...\n",i);ret = send(i,"client",6,0);if(ret == -1){if(EAGAIN != errno){printf("send %d close.%d\n",i,errno);FD_CLR(i,&readfds_cache);FD_CLR(i,&writefds_cache);close(i);printf("close %d.\n",i);fd_count--;}}else{printf("send %d %d\n",i,ret);}}}}}return -1;
}

Makefile

CORSS_PREFIX :=
SYSROOT :=$(warning $(CORSS_PREFIX))
$(warning $(SYSROOT))CC = $(CORSS_PREFIX)gcc
AR = $(CORSS_PREFIX)ar
RM = rm -rf#原始目录
SRC_PATH :=.
MODULES :=
#目标名
TARGET :=
#源文件
MODULES += $(wildcard $(SRC_PATH)/src/*.c)
MODULES += $(wildcard $(SRC_PATH)/*.c)
SRCS += $(MODULES)
#中间文件
OBJS := $(SRCS:.c=.o)
TARGET =MODULE_OBJS := $(MODULES:.c=.o)
OBJ_TEST=win32/server.o
OBJS_TEST=$(MODULE_OBJS) $(OBJ_TEST)
TARGET_TEST=serverOBJ_INFO=win32/client.o
OBJS_INFO=$(MODULE_OBJS) $(OBJ_INFO)
TARGET_INFO=clientALL_OBJS=$(OBJS) $(OBJS_TEST) $(OBJ_INFO)#动态库
LIBS := pthread#模块库文件
MOULE_LIBRARY_PATH = $(SYSROOT)/usr/lib/ $(SYSROOT)/usr/local/lib/#头文件路径
INCLUDE_PATH :=.
#动态库路径
LIBRARY_PATH :=INCLUDE_PATH += $(SYSROOT)/usr/include
INCLUDE_PATH += ./include
INCLUDE_PATH += ./src
INCLUDE_PATH += ./test
INCLUDE_PATH += ./win32
LIBRARY_PATH += $(MOULE_LIBRARY_PATH)
LIBRARY_PATH += ./RELEASE = 1
BITS =#ifeq ( 1 , ${DBG_ENABLE} )
#   CFLAGS += -D_DEBUG -O0 -g -DDEBUG=1
#endifCFLAGS = -Wall -DMAIN_TEST -DUSE_BOOL
LFLAGS =#头文件
CFLAGS += $(foreach dir,$(INCLUDE_PATH),-I$(dir))#库路径
LDFLAGS += $(foreach lib,$(LIBRARY_PATH),-L$(lib))#库名
LDFLAGS += $(foreach lib,$(LIBS),-l$(lib))#检查版本
ifeq ($(RELEASE),0)#debugCFLAGS += -g
else#releaseCFLAGS += -O3 -DNDEBUG
endif#检查位宽
ifeq ($(BITS),32)CFLAGS += -m32LFLAGS += -m32
elseifeq ($(BITS),64)CFLAGS += -m64LFLAGS += -m64elseendif
endif$(warning $(OBJS))#操作命令
all:clean build$(ALL_OBJS):%.o:%.c$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $^ -o $@build_static:$(OBJS)# $(AR) -cru $(TARGET) $(OBJS)build_test:build_static $(OBJ_TEST)$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(LFLAGS) -o $(TARGET_TEST) $(OBJ_TEST) $(LDFLAGS)build_info:build_static $(OBJ_INFO)$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(LFLAGS) -o $(TARGET_INFO) $(OBJ_INFO) $(LDFLAGS)build:build_test build_info$(RM) $(ALL_OBJS)clean:echo $(SRCS)$(RM) $(ALL_OBJS) $(TARGET) $(TARGET_TEST) $(TARGET_INFO)

makefile中CORSS_PREFIX和 SYSROOT是为了跨平台编译才增加的。

CORSS_PREFIX ：跨平台编译工具路径

SYSROOT：跨平台环境头文件及库路径

跨平台编译时需要配置如下:

#编译
make SYSROOT=/。。。/root CORSS_PREFIX=/。。。/prebuilts/toolschain/usr/bin/arm-linux-

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