Irrlicht例001--Hello World

所有Irr的引擎文件都在Irr命名空间下，Irr命名空间下又分五大模块：

Core：包含一些引擎核心类，包括各种数据结构和自定义的数据结构。

Gui：一些常用的图形用户接口，实现了各种常用控件。

Io：内部的一些输入输出，xml，zip，ini的文件的读取。

Scene：内部主要负责场景管理，包括场景节点，摄像机，粒子系统mesh，公告板，灯光，动画器，天空盒，地形等。

Video：负责对视频驱动的设置，2D，3D渲染都在这里实现，包括纹理，材质，灯光，图片，顶点等渲染属性的控制。

Irrlicht的场景中的所有的东西都是场景节点，统一由sceneManager来管理。

步骤：

1、创建设备。

2、获取场景管理器，视频设备、GUI环境指针，使用他们进行渲染控制。

3、在beginScene和endScene之间drawAll。

4、释放设备。

/* Example 001 HelloWorld

This Tutorial shows how to set up the IDE for using the Irrlicht Engine and how

to write a simple HelloWorld program with it. The program will show how to use

the basics of the VideoDriver, the GUIEnvironment, and the SceneManager.

Microsoft Visual Studio is used as an IDE, but you will also be able to

understand everything if you are using a different one or even another

operating system than windows.

You have to include the header file <irrlicht.h> in order to use the engine. The

header file can be found in the Irrlicht Engine SDK directory \c include. To let

the compiler find this header file, the directory where it is located has to be

specified. This is different for every IDE and compiler you use. Let's explain

shortly how to do this in Microsoft Visual Studio:

- If you use Version 6.0, select the Menu Extras -> Options.

  Select the directories tab, and select the 'Include' Item in the combo box.

  Add the \c include directory of the irrlicht engine folder to the list of

  directories. Now the compiler will find the Irrlicht.h header file. We also

  need the irrlicht.lib to be found, so stay in that dialog, select 'Libraries'

  in the combo box and add the \c lib/VisualStudio directory.

  \image html "vc6optionsdir.jpg"

  \image latex "vc6optionsdir.jpg"

  \image html "vc6include.jpg"

  \image latex "vc6include.jpg"

- If your IDE is Visual Studio .NET, select Tools -> Options.

  Select the projects entry and then select VC++ directories. Select 'show

  directories for include files' in the combo box, and add the \c include

  directory of the irrlicht engine folder to the list of directories. Now the

  compiler will find the Irrlicht.h header file. We also need the irrlicht.lib

  to be found, so stay in that dialog, select 'show directories for Library

  files' and add the \c lib/VisualStudio directory.

  \image html "vcnetinclude.jpg"

  \image latex "vcnetinclude.jpg"

That's it. With your IDE set up like this, you will now be able to develop

applications with the Irrlicht Engine.

Lets start!

After we have set up the IDE, the compiler will know where to find the Irrlicht

Engine header files so we can include it now in our code.

*/

#include <irrlicht.h>

/*

In the Irrlicht Engine, everything can be found in the namespace 'irr'. So if

you want to use a class of the engine, you have to write irr:: before the name

of the class. For example to use the IrrlichtDevice write: irr::IrrlichtDevice.

To get rid of the irr:: in front of the name of every class, we tell the

compiler that we use that namespace from now on, and we will not have to write

irr:: anymore.

*/

using namespace irr;

/*

There are 5 sub namespaces in the Irrlicht Engine. Take a look at them, you can

read a detailed description of them in the documentation by clicking on the top

menu item 'Namespace List' or by using this link:

http://irrlicht.sourceforge.net/docu/namespaces.html

Like the irr namespace, we do not want these 5 sub namespaces now, to keep this

example simple. Hence, we tell the compiler again that we do not want always to

write their names.

*/

using namespace core;

using namespace scene;

using namespace video;

using namespace io;

using namespace gui;

/*

To be able to use the Irrlicht.DLL file, we need to link with the Irrlicht.lib.

We could set this option in the project settings, but to make it easy, we use a

pragma comment lib for VisualStudio. On Windows platforms, we have to get rid

of the console window, which pops up when starting a program with main(). This

is done by the second pragma. We could also use the WinMain method, though

losing platform independence then.

*/

#ifdef _IRR_WINDOWS_

#pragma comment(lib, "Irrlicht.lib")// 告诉连接器与这个库连接

#pragma comment(linker, "/subsystem:windows /ENTRY:mainCRTStartup")// 设置连接器选项,屏蔽控制台应用程序的窗口

#endif

/*

This is the main method. We can now use main() on every platform.

*/

int main()

/*

   The most important function of the engine is the createDevice()

   function. The IrrlichtDevice is created by it, which is the root

   object for doing anything with the engine. createDevice() has 7

   parameters:

   - deviceType: Type of the device. This can currently be the Null-device,

      one of the two software renderers, D3D8, D3D9, or OpenGL. In this

      example we use EDT_SOFTWARE, but to try out, you might want to

      change it to EDT_BURNINGSVIDEO, EDT_NULL, EDT_DIRECT3D8,

      EDT_DIRECT3D9, or EDT_OPENGL.

   - windowSize: Size of the Window or screen in FullScreenMode to be

      created. In this example we use 640x480.

   - bits: Amount of color bits per pixel. This should be 16 or 32. The

      parameter is often ignored when running in windowed mode.

   - fullscreen: Specifies if we want the device to run in fullscreen mode

      or not.

   - stencilbuffer: Specifies if we want to use the stencil buffer (for

      drawing shadows).

   - vsync: Specifies if we want to have vsync enabled, this is only useful

      in fullscreen mode.

   - eventReceiver: An object to receive events. We do not want to use this

      parameter here, and set it to 0.

   Always check the return value to cope with unsupported drivers,

   dimensions, etc.

*/

   IrrlichtDevice *device =

       createDevice( video::EDT_SOFTWARE, dimension2d<u32>(640, 480), 16,

           false, false, false, 0);

   if (!device)

       return 1;

/*

   Set the caption of the window to some nice text. Note that there is an

   'L' in front of the string. The Irrlicht Engine uses wide character

   strings when displaying text.

*/

   device->setWindowCaption(L"Hello World! - Irrlicht Engine Demo");

/*

   Get a pointer to the VideoDriver, the SceneManager and the graphical

   user interface environment, so that we do not always have to write

   device->getVideoDriver(), device->getSceneManager(), or

   device->getGUIEnvironment().

*/

   IVideoDriver* driver = device->getVideoDriver();

   ISceneManager* smgr = device->getSceneManager();

   IGUIEnvironment* guienv = device->getGUIEnvironment();

/*

   We add a hello world label to the window, using the GUI environment.

   The text is placed at the position (10,10) as top left corner and

   (260,22) as lower right corner.

*/

   guienv->addStaticText(L"Hello World! This is the Irrlicht Software renderer!",

       rect<s32>(10,10,260,22), true);

/*

   To show something interesting, we load a Quake 2 model and display it.

   We only have to get the Mesh from the Scene Manager with getMesh() and add

   a SceneNode to display the mesh with addAnimatedMeshSceneNode(). We

   check the return value of getMesh() to become aware of loading problems

   and other errors.

   Instead of writing the filename sydney.md2, it would also be possible

   to load a Maya object file (.obj), a complete Quake3 map (.bsp) or any

   other supported file format. By the way, that cool Quake 2 model

   called sydney was modelled by Brian Collins.

*/

   IAnimatedMesh* mesh = smgr->getMesh("../media/sydney.md2");

   if (!mesh)

       device->drop();

       return 1;

   IAnimatedMeshSceneNode* node = smgr->addAnimatedMeshSceneNode( mesh );

/*

   To let the mesh look a little bit nicer, we change its material. We

   disable lighting because we do not have a dynamic light in here, and

   the mesh would be totally black otherwise. Then we set the frame loop,

   such that the predefined STAND animation is used. And last, we apply a

   texture to the mesh. Without it the mesh would be drawn using only a

   color.

*/

   if (node)

       node->setMaterialFlag(EMF_LIGHTING, false);

       node->setMD2Animation(scene::EMAT_STAND);

       node->setMaterialTexture( 0, driver->getTexture("../media/sydney.bmp") );

/*

   To look at the mesh, we place a camera into 3d space at the position

   (0, 30, -40). The camera looks from there to (0,5,0), which is

   approximately the place where our md2 model is.

*/

   smgr->addCameraSceneNode(0, vector3df(0,30,-40), vector3df(0,5,0));

/*

   Ok, now we have set up the scene, lets draw everything: We run the

   device in a while() loop, until the device does not want to run any

   more. This would be when the user closes the window or presses ALT+F4

   (or whatever keycode closes a window).

*/

   while(device->run())

/*

       Anything can be drawn between a beginScene() and an endScene()

       call. The beginScene() call clears the screen with a color and

       the depth buffer, if desired. Then we let the Scene Manager and

       the GUI Environment draw their content. With the endScene()

       call everything is presented on the screen.

*/

       driver->beginScene(true, true, SColor(255,100,101,140));

       smgr->drawAll();

       guienv->drawAll();

       driver->endScene();

/*

   After we are done with the render loop, we have to delete the Irrlicht

   Device created before with createDevice(). In the Irrlicht Engine, you

   have to delete all objects you created with a method or function which

   starts with 'create'. The object is simply deleted by calling ->drop().

   See the documentation at irr::IReferenceCounted::drop() for more

   information.

*/

   device->drop();

   return 0;

/*

That's it. Compile and run.

**/

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