Elasticsearch系列--安装

我的环境是centos7.5 Java1.8

第一步下载
ElasticSearch官网
ElasticSearch下载页面
PS:安装时多种多样,试过yum可能是我操作有问题三次没安对,wget之后下载tar试了两次都是下载一半就失败了,最后还是在PC上下载的tar包在上传到linux上才正式完成了下载功能.

解压缩刚才下载的压缩包 tar -xzf elasticsearch-7.2.0-linux-x86_64.tar.gz;
PS:如果失败首先就要看下载的压缩包大小是不是321M,因为我就遇到了下载下载22M

切换到你的安装目录 cd /opt/elasticsearch-7.2.0

不要急着启动,因为ElasticSearch是不允许使用root账户启动的:
#创建分组
groupadd ealstic
#创建用户
useradd ealsticUser
#给用户设置密码
passwd ealsticUser
#用户加入分组
usermod -G elastic elasticUser
#给用户分配ealstic目录权限
chown -R elasticUser:ealstic /opt/elasticsearch-7.2.0
到这里权限就分配好了

补上root允许报错信息:
uncaught exception in thread [main]
org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.StartupException: java.lang.RuntimeException: can not run elasticsearch as root
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:163) ~[elasticsearch-7.2.0.jar:7.2.0]
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.execute(Elasticsearch.java:150) ~[elasticsearch-7.2.0.jar:7.2.0]
at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.execute(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:86) ~[elasticsearch-7.2.0.jar:7.2.0]
at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.mainWithoutErrorHandling(Command.java:124) ~[elasticsearch-cli-7.2.0.jar:7.2.0]
at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.main(Command.java:90) ~[elasticsearch-cli-7.2.0.jar:7.2.0]
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:115) ~[elasticsearch-7.2.0.jar:7.2.0]
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:92) ~[elasticsearch-7.2.0.jar:7.2.0]
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: can not run elasticsearch as root
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.initializeNatives(Bootstrap.java:105) ~[elasticsearch-7.2.0.jar:7.2.0]
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.setup(Bootstrap.java:172) ~[elasticsearch-7.2.0.jar:7.2.0]
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.init(Bootstrap.java:349) ~[elasticsearch-7.2.0.jar:7.2.0]
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:159) ~[elasticsearch-7.2.0.jar:7.2.0]
… 6 more

#切换到elasticUser用户下
su elasticUser
#因为分配全线之前已经进入到安装目录了使用直接启动
bin/elasticsearch
如果是大吉大利到这里就完成了.

问题一:
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM warning: If the number of processors is expected to increase from one, then you should configure the number of parallel GC threads appropriately using -XX:ParallelGCThreads=N
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM warning: INFO: os::commit_memory(0x00000000c5330000, 986513408, 0) failed; error=‘Cannot allocate memory’ (errno=12)
at org.elasticsearch.tools.launchers.JvmErgonomics.flagsFinal(JvmErgonomics.java:111)
at org.elasticsearch.tools.launchers.JvmErgonomics.finalJvmOptions(JvmErgonomics.java:79)
at org.elasticsearch.tools.launchers.JvmErgonomics.choose(JvmErgonomics.java:57)
at org.elasticsearch.tools.launchers.JvmOptionsParser.main(JvmOptionsParser.java:89)
修改config目录下的jvm.options里面的参数(最好切换回root用户)
vi /opt/elasticsearch-7.2.0/config/jvm.options
修改jvm内存(这有个上限32G,默认是1G,建议是总内存的一半,由于我这个服务器本身内存较小就随便设置一个先启动再说)
-Xms100m
-Xmx100m
(某些软件包启动的时候默认启用 -XX:+AssumeMP,参考链接)
-XX:-AssumeMP
看到上面的错误描述中有XX:ParallelGCThreads可能这里的设置也有问题但是配置上面三个之后这个问题就解决了以后再研究.

问题二:
Exception in thread “main” org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.BootstrapException: java.nio.file.AccessDeniedException: /opt/elasticsearch-7.2.0/config/elasticsearch.keystore
Likely root cause: java.nio.file.AccessDeniedException: /opt/elasticsearch-7.2.0/config/elasticsearch.keystore
at sun.nio.fs.UnixException.translateToIOException(UnixException.java:84)
at sun.nio.fs.UnixException.rethrowAsIOException(UnixException.java:102)
at sun.nio.fs.UnixException.rethrowAsIOException(UnixException.java:107)
at sun.nio.fs.UnixFileSystemProvider.newByteChannel(UnixFileSystemProvider.java:214)
at java.nio.file.Files.newByteChannel(Files.java:361)
at java.nio.file.Files.newByteChannel(Files.java:407)
at org.apache.lucene.store.SimpleFSDirectory.openInput(SimpleFSDirectory.java:77)
at org.elasticsearch.common.settings.KeyStoreWrapper.load(KeyStoreWrapper.java:206)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.loadSecureSettings(Bootstrap.java:234)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.init(Bootstrap.java:305)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:159)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.execute(Elasticsearch.java:150)
at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.execute(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:86)
at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.mainWithoutErrorHandling(Command.java:124)
at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.main(Command.java:90)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:115)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:92)
Refer to the log for complete error details.
问题不大,在bin目录下已经提供elasticsearch-keystore工具了,
bin/elasticsearch-keystore create 在config目录创建一个elasticsearch.keystore文件

问题三:
重启了没复制下来大概就是vm.max_map_count 这个东西大小的一个错误
切换root账户 vim /etc/sysctl.conf
增加一行 vm.max_map_count=655360
接着执行 sysctl -p

问题四:
max number of threads [3883] for user [elasticUser] is too low, increase to at least [4096]
线程太少.Elasticsearch通过将请求分解为多个阶段并将这些阶段交给不同的线程池执行程序来执行请求。Elasticsearch中的各种任务有不同的线程池执行程序。因此，Elasticsearch需要能够创建大量线程。坑爹的是:此检查仅在Linux上强制执行。通过/etc/security/limits.conf 使用nproc设置来完成（可能还必须增加root用户的限制).
通过 ulimit -Hu ulimit -Su查看当前设置的线程数
vim /etc/security/limits.conf
添加下面四行
root soft nproc 4096
root hard nproc 4096

soft nproc 4096
hard nproc 4096

问题五:跨域无法访问
修改config下elasticsearch.yml文件
#允许任意IP访问
network.host: 0.0.0.0
#修改开放的端口
http.port: 9200
#最后添加跨域
http.cors.enabled: true
http.cors.allow-origin: “*”
设置防火墙
#查看防火墙状态
firewall-cmd --state
#开放9200端口
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=9200/tcp --permanent
#重启
firewall-cmd --reload
如果是云服务器还需要设置白名单和安全组策略

下面是我的 elasticsearch.yml文件

# ======================== Elasticsearch Configuration =========================
#
# NOTE: Elasticsearch comes with reasonable defaults for most settings.
#       Before you set out to tweak and tune the configuration, make sure you
#       understand what are you trying to accomplish and the consequences.
#
# The primary way of configuring a node is via this file. This template lists
# the most important settings you may want to configure for a production cluster.
#
# Please consult the documentation for further information on configuration options:
# https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/index.html
#
# ---------------------------------- Cluster -----------------------------------
#
# Use a descriptive name for your cluster:
#
cluster.name: elasticsearch
#
# ------------------------------------ Node ------------------------------------
#
# Use a descriptive name for the node:
#
node.name: node-1
#
# Add custom attributes to the node:
#
#node.attr.rack: r1
#
# ----------------------------------- Paths ------------------------------------
#
# Path to directory where to store the data (separate multiple locations by comma):
#
#path.data: /var/lib/elasticsearch
#
# Path to log files:
#
#path.logs: /var/log/elasticsearch
#
# ----------------------------------- Memory -----------------------------------
#
# Lock the memory on startup:
#
#bootstrap.memory_lock: true
#
# Make sure that the heap size is set to about half the memory available
# on the system and that the owner of the process is allowed to use this
# limit.
#
# Elasticsearch performs poorly when the system is swapping the memory.
#
# ---------------------------------- Network -----------------------------------
#
# Set the bind address to a specific IP (IPv4 or IPv6):
# 允许任意IP访问
network.host: 0.0.0.0
#
# Set a custom port for HTTP:
#修改开放的端口
http.port: 9200
#
# For more information, consult the network module documentation.
#
# --------------------------------- Discovery ----------------------------------
#
# Pass an initial list of hosts to perform discovery when this node is started:
# The default list of hosts is ["127.0.0.1", "[::1]"]
#
#discovery.seed_hosts: ["host1", "host2"]
#
# Bootstrap the cluster using an initial set of master-eligible nodes:
#
#cluster.initial_master_nodes: ["node-1", "node-2"]#########这是为解决错误儿添加的 如果没有这个错误请不要添加这个以防出现问题############
#the default discovery settings are unsuitable for production use; at least one of [discovery.seed_hosts, discovery.seed_providers, cluster.initial_master_nodes] #must be configured
cluster.initial_master_nodes: ["node-1"]#
# For more information, consult the discovery and cluster formation module documentation.
#
# ---------------------------------- Gateway -----------------------------------
#
# Block initial recovery after a full cluster restart until N nodes are started:
#
#gateway.recover_after_nodes: 3
#
# For more information, consult the gateway module documentation.
#
# ---------------------------------- Various -----------------------------------
#
# Require explicit names when deleting indices:
#
#action.destructive_requires_name: true# 最后添加跨域
http.cors.enabled: true
http.cors.allow-origin: "*"

最后结果

接下来的操作我是使用的postman,路径就是http://ip:9200/你的索引/类型将headers设置成application/json,发送json数据就好了.

问题六:
在启动的时候一直会提示一个Java版本的错误但是不影响运行和使用,
future versions of Elasticsearch will require Java 11; your Java version from [/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.212.b04-0.el7_6.x86_64/jre] does not meet this requirement
查看了elasticsearch和jvm的版本对照表没有发现问题.后来查询到elasticsearch7.2.0版本自带JDK所以不用安装.猜想是我的环境中已经安装了JDK1.8并设置了环境变量所以有个提示.要去掉就需要指定elasticsearch使用本地环境.
#杀掉自带的jdk环境
kill -9 $(ps -ef|grep elasticsearch-7.2.0/jdk/bin/java|grep -v grep |awk ‘{print $2}’)
#以不挂断的方式启动elasticsearch 并且输出到文件:2>&1是将标准错误（2）重定向到标准输出（&1），标准输出（&1）再被重定向输入到#log.out 文件中。
nohup bin/elasticsearch > ./log.out 2>&1 &
#实时查看日志文件
tail -f log.out

上面这种方式无法control+c主动退出
#查看进程
#1.1用ps -def | grep xxx(查找进程很方便，最后一行总是会grep自己)| grep -v grep(用grep -v参数可以将grep命令排除掉)
#1.2用 ps -aux | grep elasticsearch (a:显示所有程序 u:以用户为主的格式来显示 x:显示所有程序，不以终端机来区分)
#2再用awk提取一下进程ID　
ps -aux|grep elastic| grep -v grep | awk ‘{print $2}’
#杀掉进程
kill -9 进程号

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