Java常见应用——Json,二维码生成,加密解密应用
2024-06-10 01:23:04
Java常见应用——Json,二维码生成,加密解密应用
一.JSON
1.下载json架包，json官网：json.org
2.将Map/JavaBean/String转化成json对象，只需要使用JSONObject的构造方法即可
package com.nike.app.json;import com.nike.app.reflect.Address;
import com.nike.app.reflect.Student;
import org.json.JSONObject;import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;public class Demo01 {/*** Map集合转Json对象*/public static void mapToJson(){Map<String,String> map = new HashMap<>();map.put("name","zhangsan");map.put("age","22");map.put("gender","man");//map->jsonJSONObject mjson = new JSONObject(map);System.out.println(mjson);//{"gender":"man","name":"zhangsan","age":"22"}}public static void beanToJson(){Student stu = new Student("NikeHu",99,new Address("陕西省","西安市","高新区","高新四路"));JSONObject bjson = new JSONObject(stu);System.out.println(bjson);//{"score":99,"address":{"area":"高新区","province":"陕西省","city":"西安市","street":"高新四路"},"name":"NikeHu"}}public static void strToJson(){String str = "{\"score\":99,\"address\":{\"area\":\"高新区\",\"province\":\"陕西省\",\"city\":\"西安市\",\"street\":\"高新四路\"},\"name\":\"NikeHu\"}";JSONObject sjson = new JSONObject(str);System.out.println(sjson);//{"score":99,"address":{"area":"高新区","province":"陕西省","city":"西安市","street":"高新四路"},"name":"NikeHu"}}public static void main(String[] args) {strToJson();}
}
3.读取文件，转化为Json对象
package com.nike.app.json;import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import org.json.JSONObject;import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;/*** 读取json文件，并将其转化为json对象*/
public class Demo02 {public void demo01() throws IOException {InputStream input = super.getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("com/nike/app/json/per.json");byte[] buf = new byte[10];int len = -1;StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();while ((len=input.read(buf))!=-1){sb.append(new String(buf,0,len));}JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(sb.toString());System.out.println(jsonObject);//{"address":{"schooladdress":"shanghai","homeaddress":"xian"},"gender":"man","name":"zhangsan","tel":"15682341831","age":22}}/*** 使用commons-io包将文件转化成字符串*/public static void demo02() throws IOException {String str = FileUtils.readFileToString(new File("E:\\IdeaProjects\\JavaApp\\src\\com\\nike\\app\\json\\per.json"), "UTF-8");JSONObject jobj = new JSONObject(str);System.out.println(jobj);//{"address":{"schooladdress":"shanghai","homeaddress":"xian"},"gender":"man","name":"zhangsan","tel":"15682341831","age":22}}public static void main(String[] args) {Demo02 demo = new Demo02();try {demo.demo01();demo02();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}
}
4.生成json文件
package com.nike.app.json;import com.nike.app.reflect.Address;
import com.nike.app.reflect.Student;
import org.json.JSONObject;import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;public class Demo03 {public static void jsonToFile() throws IOException {Student stu01 = new Student("NikeHu",99,new Address("陕西省","西安市","高新区","高新四路"));Student stu02 = new Student("Mike",77,new Address("陕西省","西安市","高新区","高新四路"));Student stu03 = new Student("Alex",88,new Address("陕西省","西安市","高新区","高新四路"));Map<String,Student> stus = new HashMap<>();stus.put("nike",stu01);stus.put("Mike",stu02);stus.put("Alex",stu03);JSONObject bjson = new JSONObject(stus);System.out.println(bjson);//{"score":99,"address":{"area":"高新区","province":"陕西省","city":"西安市","street":"高新四路"},"name":"NikeHu"}FileWriter fw = new FileWriter("stu.json");bjson.write(fw);fw.close();}public static void main(String[] args) {try {jsonToFile();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}
}
{"Alex":{"score":88,"address":{"area":"高新区","province":"陕西省","city":"西安市","street":"高新四路"},"name":"Alex"},"Mike":{"score":77,"address":{"area":"高新区","province":"陕西省","city":"西安市","street":"高新四路"},"name":"Mike"},"nike":{"score":99,"address":{"area":"高新区","province":"陕西省","city":"西安市","street":"高新四路"},"name":"NikeHu"}}
5.JsonArray
package com.nike.app.json;import org.json.JSONArray;import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;public class Demo04 {//字符串转json数组public static void demo01(){/**JsonArray* [{"name":"zhangsan","age":22},{"classname":"class1","classno":1},{"province":"shanxi","city":"xianyan"}]*/String jsonArrayStr = "[{\"name\":\"zhangsan\",\"age\":22},{\"classname\":\"class1\",\"classno\":1},{\"province\":\"shanxi\",\"city\":\"xianyan\"}]";JSONArray ja = new JSONArray(jsonArrayStr);System.out.println(ja);//[{"name":"zhangsan","age":22},{"classname":"class1","classno":1},{"province":"shanxi","city":"xianyan"}]}//Map对象转json数据//对于json的类型转换，通常需要引入另一个json库json-libpublic static void demo02(){Map<String,String> map = new HashMap<>();map.put("key1","value1");map.put("key2","value2");map.put("key3","value3");map.put("key4","value4");map.put("key5","value5");map.put("key6","value6");net.sf.json.JSONArray jsonArray = new net.sf.json.JSONArray();jsonArray = jsonArray.fromObject(map);System.out.println(jsonArray);//[{"key1":"value1","key2":"value2","key5":"value5","key6":"value6","key3":"value3","key4":"value4"}]}public static void main(String[] args) {demo01();demo02();}
}
二.二维码生成
使用Java生成二维码
1.QRCode 日本
package com.nike.app.qrcode;import com.swetake.util.Qrcode;import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.awt.image.RenderedImage;
import java.io.File;public class QRCodeUtils {//加密：文字信息->二维码public static void encodeQR(String info,String imgPath,String type,int size) throws Exception{File file = new File(imgPath);//BufferedImage 内存中的一张图片BufferedImage bufImg = qRcodeCommon(info,type,size);//生成图片ImageIO.write(bufImg,type,file);}/*** 产生一个二维码的BufferedImage* @param content 二维码中的隐藏信息* @param format 二维码格式* @param size 图片大小相关参数* @return*/public static BufferedImage qRcodeCommon(String content,String format,int size) throws Exception{int length = 67 + 12 * (size-1);BufferedImage bufimg = null;bufimg = new BufferedImage(length,length,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);Graphics2D graphics = bufimg.createGraphics();//将图片的背景色设为白色graphics.setBackground(Color.WHITE);//初始化白色背景graphics.clearRect(0,0,length,length);//设置画板上二维码的颜色graphics.setColor(Color.black);//String->boolean[][]:Qrcode对象Qrcode qrcode = new Qrcode();//设置二维码的排错率：L|M|Q|H:排错率越高，可存储的信息越少，但是对二维码清晰度要求越小qrcode.setQrcodeErrorCorrect('M');//设置二维码可存放的信息类型：N(数字)，A(数字+A-Z)，B（所有）qrcode.setQrcodeEncodeMode('B');//二维码尺寸取值范围：1-40（数字越大，二维码越大）qrcode.setQrcodeVersion(size);//将字节数组转化成布尔值二维数组boolean[][] codeOut = qrcode.calQrcode(content.getBytes());int pixoff = 2;for (int i = 0; i < codeOut.length; i++) {for (int j = 0; j < codeOut[i].length; j++) {if (codeOut[i][j]){graphics.fillRect(2+3*j,2+3*i,3,3);}}}graphics.dispose();bufimg.flush();return bufimg;}//解密：二维码->文字信息
}
package com.nike.app.qrcode;/*** 生成二维码* 生成图片的路径 qr01.png* 文字信息，网址信息："1506214574"*/
public class Test01 {static String imgPath = "E:\\img\\qr01.png";static String content = "150621457";/*** 生成二维码* 加密：文字信息->二维码* 解密：二维码->文字信息*/public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {QRCodeUtils.encodeQR(content,imgPath,"png",7);}
}
在二维码图片中心加上logo
package com.nike.app.qrcode;import com.swetake.util.Qrcode;
import jp.sourceforge.qrcode.QRCodeDecoder;
import jp.sourceforge.qrcode.data.QRCodeImage;import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.awt.image.RenderedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;public class QRCodeUtils {//加密：文字信息->二维码public static void encodeQR(String info,String imgPath,String type,int size) throws Exception{File file = new File(imgPath);//BufferedImage 内存中的一张图片BufferedImage bufImg = qRcodeCommon(info,type,size);//生成图片ImageIO.write(bufImg,type,file);}/*** 产生一个二维码的BufferedImage* @param content 二维码中的隐藏信息* @param format 二维码格式* @param size 图片大小相关参数* @return*/public static BufferedImage qRcodeCommon(String content,String format,int size) throws Exception{int length = 67 + 12 * (size-1);BufferedImage bufimg = null;bufimg = new BufferedImage(length,length,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);Graphics2D graphics = bufimg.createGraphics();//将图片的背景色设为白色graphics.setBackground(Color.WHITE);//初始化白色背景graphics.clearRect(0,0,length,length);//设置画板上二维码的颜色graphics.setColor(Color.black);//String->boolean[][]:Qrcode对象Qrcode qrcode = new Qrcode();//设置二维码的排错率：L|M|Q|H:排错率越高，可存储的信息越少，但是对二维码清晰度要求越小qrcode.setQrcodeErrorCorrect('L');//设置二维码可存放的信息类型：N(数字)，A(数字+A-Z)，B（所有）qrcode.setQrcodeEncodeMode('B');//二维码尺寸取值范围：1-40（数字越大，二维码越大）qrcode.setQrcodeVersion(size);//将字节数组转化成布尔值二维数组boolean[][] codeOut = qrcode.calQrcode(content.getBytes("utf-8"));int pixoff = 2;for (int i = 0; i < codeOut.length; i++) {for (int j = 0; j < codeOut[i].length; j++) {if (codeOut[j][i]){graphics.fillRect(2+3*j,2+3*i,3,3);}}}//增加Logo//将硬盘中的图片加载为Image对象Image logo = ImageIO.read(new File("src/logo.jpg"));//获取二维码区域的宽高int qrheight = bufimg.getHeight();int qrwidth = bufimg.getWidth();//在已生成的二维码图片上画logographics.drawImage(logo,length*2/5,length*2/5,qrwidth/5,qrheight/5,null);graphics.dispose();bufimg.flush();return bufimg;}//解密：二维码->文字信息public static String decodeQR(String imgPath) throws Exception {//将硬盘中的图片加载到内存中。BufferedImage bufimg = ImageIO.read(new File(imgPath));QRCodeDecoder decoder = new QRCodeDecoder();QRCodeImage qrCodeImage = new QRCodeImageImpl(bufimg);byte[] bytes = decoder.decode(qrCodeImage);return new String(bytes,"utf-8");}
}
package com.nike.app.qrcode;import jp.sourceforge.qrcode.data.QRCodeImage;import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;public class QRCodeImageImpl implements QRCodeImage {BufferedImage bufferedImage;public QRCodeImageImpl(BufferedImage bufferedImage){this.bufferedImage = bufferedImage;}@Overridepublic int getWidth() {return bufferedImage.getWidth();}@Overridepublic int getHeight() {return bufferedImage.getHeight();}@Overridepublic int getPixel(int x, int y) {return bufferedImage.getRGB(x,y);}
}
package com.nike.app.qrcode;/*** 生成二维码* 生成图片的路径 qr01.png* 文字信息，网址信息："1506214574"*/
public class Test01 {static String imgPath = "E:\\img\\qr01.png";static String content = "1506214574";/*** 生成二维码* 加密：文字信息->二维码* 解密：二维码->文字信息*/public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {QRCodeUtils.encodeQR(content,imgPath,"png",17);String s = QRCodeUtils.decodeQR(imgPath);System.out.println(s);}
}
2.ZXing Google
package com.nike.app.zxing;import com.google.zxing.*;
import com.google.zxing.client.j2se.BufferedImageLuminanceSource;
import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;
import com.google.zxing.common.HybridBinarizer;
import com.google.zxing.qrcode.decoder.ErrorCorrectionLevel;import javax.imageio.ImageIO;import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.geom.RoundRectangle2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Hashtable;
import java.util.Map;public class ZXingUtils {//加密：文字信息->二维码/**** @param imgPath 生成的二维码图片的保存路径* @param format 图片格式* @param content 二维码保存的信息* @param width* @param height* @throws Exception*/public static void encodeZX(String imgPath,String format,String content,int width,int height) throws Exception {File file = new File(imgPath);/**hints存放加密参数* 编码格式，排错率，*/Map<EncodeHintType,Object> hints = new Hashtable<>();hints.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION, ErrorCorrectionLevel.H);hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET,"UTF-8");hints.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN,1);//BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE：要解析的类型（二维码）BitMatrix bitMatrix = new MultiFormatWriter().encode(content, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE,width,height,hints);BufferedImage bufimg = new BufferedImage(width,height,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);for (int x=0;x < width;x++){for (int y=0;y<height;y++){bufimg.setRGB(x,y,(bitMatrix.get(x,y)? Color.BLACK:Color.WHITE).getRGB());}}String logo = "src/logo.jpg";bufimg = addLogo(bufimg,logo);//生成图片:format:图片格式ImageIO.write(bufimg,format,file);}public static BufferedImage addLogo(BufferedImage bufimg,String logoPath) throws Exception {//生成一个二维画板Graphics2D graph = bufimg.createGraphics();BufferedImage logoImg = ImageIO.read(new File(logoPath));int width = bufimg.getWidth();int height = bufimg.getHeight();graph.drawImage(logoImg,width*2/5,height*2/5,width/5,height/5,null);//产生一个画白色边框的画笔BasicStroke stroke = new BasicStroke(5,BasicStroke.CAP_ROUND,BasicStroke.JOIN_ROUND);//关联画板画笔graph.setStroke(stroke);//画logo外的圆角矩形边框RoundRectangle2D.Float round = new RoundRectangle2D.Float(width*2/5,height*2/5,width/5,height/5,BasicStroke.CAP_ROUND,BasicStroke.JOIN_ROUND);graph.setColor(Color.WHITE);graph.draw(round);//画灰色外边框//产生一个画灰色边框的画笔BasicStroke stroke01 = new BasicStroke(1,BasicStroke.CAP_ROUND,BasicStroke.JOIN_ROUND);//关联画板画笔graph.setStroke(stroke);//画logo外的圆角矩形边框RoundRectangle2D.Float round01 = new RoundRectangle2D.Float(width*2/5+2,height*2/5+2,width/5-4,height/5-4,BasicStroke.CAP_ROUND,BasicStroke.JOIN_ROUND);graph.setColor(Color.GRAY);graph.draw(round01);//释放空间graph.dispose();bufimg.flush();return bufimg;}//解密：二维码->文字信息public static String decodeZX(File file) throws Exception {if (!file.exists()){ return ""; }//将文件读取到内存中BufferedImage bufImg = ImageIO.read(file);MultiFormatReader reader = new MultiFormatReader();Map hints = new HashMap();hints.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION, ErrorCorrectionLevel.H);hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET,"UTF-8");hints.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN,1);LuminanceSource source = new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(bufImg);Binarizer binarizer = new HybridBinarizer(source);BinaryBitmap bitmap = new BinaryBitmap(binarizer);Result result = reader.decode(bitmap,hints);return result.toString();}
}
package com.nike.app.zxing;import java.io.File;public class Test01 {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {String imgPath = "E:\\img\\zxing03.gif";String imgInfo = "猪猪，我爱你";//加密//解密ZXingUtils.encodeZX(imgPath,"gif",imgInfo,450,450);System.out.println(ZXingUtils.decodeZX(new File(imgPath)));}
}
三.加密解密应用
1.异或加密,解密
异或：
- 同为0，异为1；
- 一个数经历两次异或后，是原数本身。
假设a为01100011，则a与3异或的结果为：
a^3 = 01100011^00000011=
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
第一次异或：01100011
^00000011
=01100000
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
第二次异或：01100000
^00000011
=01100011
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
package com.nike.app.security;public class SecutityUtils {//密钥private static final int SECRET_KEY=3000;/*** 1.通过异或实现加密解密* （1）.一次异或为加密* （2）.两次异或为解密* @param clearText 需要加密的明文* @return cipherText 加密后的密文*/public static String XORencode(String clearText){String cipherText = null;//1.将传入的明文参数转化成字符数组char[] chs = clearText.toCharArray();for (int i = 0; i < chs.length; i++) {//对每一位字符进行异或加密chs[i] = (char)(chs[i] ^ 3000);}cipherText = new String(chs);return cipherText;}
}
package com.nike.app.security;public class Text {public static void main(String[] args) {String str = SecutityUtils.XORencode("猪猪，我爱你");System.out.println(str);System.out.println(SecutityUtils.XORencode(str));/**输出的结果为：* ௐௗ* hello*/}
}
2.MD5和SHA加密，解密
字符串转为成十六进制串，且该过程是不可逆的。
MD5:不可逆，速度较快
SHA256：不可逆，安全性较高
添加加密jar包：commons-codec.jar
（1）MD5加密
package com.nike.app.security;import org.apache.commons.codec.digest.DigestUtils;public class MD5Utils {/*** 简单加密* @param input* @return cipherText*/public static String md5Encode(byte[] input){String cipherText = DigestUtils.md5Hex(input);return cipherText;}
}
（2）SHA256加密
package com.nike.app.security;import org.apache.commons.codec.digest.DigestUtils;public class SHA256Utils {public static String sha256Encode(byte[] input){return DigestUtils.sha256Hex(input);}
}
测试：
package com.nike.app.security;public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {String clearText = "Hello";System.out.println(MD5Utils.md5Encode(clearText.getBytes()));//8b1a9953c4611296a827abf8c47804d7System.out.println(SHA256Utils.sha256Encode(clearText.getBytes()));//185f8db32271fe25f561a6fc938b2e264306ec304eda518007d1764826381969}
}
3.BASE64加密，解密
package com.nike.app.security;import java.lang.reflect.Method;public class Base64Utils {/*** Base64加密* @param input* @return*/public static String base64Encode(byte[] input){String result = null;try {Class Base64Class = Class.forName("com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.dv.util.Base64");Method encode = Base64Class.getMethod("encode", byte[].class);result = (String)encode.invoke(null, input);} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}return result;}/*** Base64解密* @param input* @return*/public static byte[] base64Decode(String input){byte[] result = null;try {Class Base64Class = Class.forName("com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.dv.util.Base64");Method decode = Base64Class.getMethod("decode", String.class);result = (byte[])decode.invoke(null, input);} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}return result;}
}
package com.nike.app.security;public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {String clearText = "Hello";//Base64加密String str = Base64Utils.base64Encode(clearText.getBytes());System.out.println(str);//SGVsbG8=//Base64解密byte[] bytes = Base64Utils.base64Decode(str);System.out.println(new String(bytes));//hello}
}
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