MFC界面设计----改变界面大小使其中控件随其界面大小变化的方法

【写在前面】

平常在编写界面程序时，使窗口中的控件随窗口大小改变而改变，只需调用WM_SIZE消息，在消息函数OnSize中进行处理，比如如下函数，就是使静态文本控件动态变化，但是这种方法计算繁琐不说，在改变控件位置时，此部分又需要从新计算，相当麻烦，下面我来介绍一下另一种方法。

if (GetDlgItem(IDC_STATIC2))
     {
         CRect rt;
         GetClientRect(rt);
         rt.top = rt.bottom - 123;
         rt.bottom -=105;
        float x = (float)(rt.Width()*1.0/m_rect.Width());
         rt.left += 10;
         rt.right = (LONG)(rt.left + 80*x);
         GetDlgItem(IDC_STATIC2)->MoveWindow(rt);
     }

【方法】注：此方法考验理解能力，目前我也只能理解很浅显的部分，大家可以在评论区交流，谈谈自己的理解，我会逐步更新博文。

1.将Resizer.h以及Resizer.cpp添加至工程中。

2.在对话框窗口的头文件（.h文件）中添加#include "Resizer.h"以及CResizer m_resizer;

3. 将以下代码段插入对话框窗口源文件（.cpp文件）的配置函数（OnInitDialog()）中，更改方法是，将数组中IDC_STATIC1等控件的ID号改成自己的；IDC_MAIN是参考坐标，可以更换成自己需要的参考坐标控件ID，但是最好慎重。eTop等根据需要更改。

我来说一下数组中IDC_STATIC1控件，

第一行以IDC_MAIN为参考坐标，将控件的顶部（eTop）固定（eFixed）；

第二行以IDC_MAIN为参考坐标，将控件的左部（eLeft）固定（eFixed）；

第三行以IDC_MAIN为参考坐标，将控件的右部（eRight）等宽（eWidth）；

第四行以IDC_MAIN为参考坐标，将控件的顶部（eTop）等高（eHeight）；

这四句的作用是将控件IDC_STATIC控件大小不变，固定在控件初始位置上。

static CResizer::CBorderInfo s_bi[] = {{ IDC_STATIC1,{ CResizer::eFixed, IDC_MAIN, CResizer::eTop },  //1{ CResizer::eFixed, IDC_MAIN, CResizer::eLeft },  //2{ CResizer::eWidth, IDC_MAIN, CResizer::eRight }, //3{ CResizer::eHeight, IDC_MAIN, CResizer::eTop } }, //4{ IDC_STATIC2,{ CResizer::eFixed, IDC_MAIN, CResizer::eTop },{ CResizer::eFixed, IDC_MAIN, CResizer::eLeft },{ CResizer::eWidth, IDC_MAIN, CResizer::eRight },{ CResizer::eHeight, IDC_MAIN, CResizer::eTop } },{ IDC_STATIC3,{ CResizer::eFixed, IDC_MAIN, CResizer::eTop },{ CResizer::eFixed, IDC_MAIN, CResizer::eLeft },{ CResizer::eWidth, IDC_MAIN, CResizer::eRight },{ CResizer::eHeight, IDC_MAIN, CResizer::eTop } },};const int nSize = sizeof(s_bi) / sizeof(s_bi[0]);
//Second we initialize resizer with this array.
//At the same time it will store the original controls positions.
m_resizer.Init(m_hWnd, NULL, s_bi, nSize);

4.将m_resizer.Move();填写在OnSize（）函数中

至此程序就编写完了，主要更改的就是配置函数中static CResizer::CBorderInfo s_bi[]数组。可以根据需要更改数组的参考坐标。

【写在最后】

在使用这个方法时，需要较强的空间想象力，程序源代码例程有详细的使用方法我会传到我的资源中https://download.csdn.net/download/lifuran156/10710303，里边有示例软件https://download.csdn.net/download/lifuran156/10710316，可以看一下。Resizer.h以及Resizer.cpp文件放在结尾，

//Resizer.cpp
/******************************************************************************\
$Copyright: (C)2001 Dmitry Kochin <dco@mail.ru>
$Workfile: Resizer.cpp $
\******************************************************************************/
// Resizer.cpp: implementation of the CResizer class.
//
//
// Class to correctly move child windows after parent was resized
// Created: 06/07/01 by dukei@#include "stdafx.h"
#include "Resizer.h"#ifdef _DEBUG
#undef THIS_FILE
static char THIS_FILE[] = __FILE__;
#define new DEBUG_NEW
#endif//
// Construction/Destruction
//CResizer::CResizer()
{memset(&m_rcInitial, 0, sizeof(m_rcInitial));m_vInfo = NULL;m_vRectInfo = NULL;m_nSize = 0;m_nCachedSize = 0;
}CResizer::~CResizer()
{Clear();
}void CResizer::Clear()
{delete [] m_vInfo;delete [] m_vRectInfo;m_vInfo = NULL;m_vRectInfo = NULL;m_nSize = 0;m_nCachedSize = 0;
}bool CResizer::Init(HWND hWndParent, LPCRECT rcInitial, const CBorderInfo *pBorders, int nSize)
{Clear();m_vInfo = new CControlInfo[nSize];m_nSize = nSize;m_wndParent = hWndParent;if(rcInitial == NULL)::GetClientRect(m_wndParent, &m_rcInitial);else::CopyRect(&m_rcInitial, rcInitial);for(int i = 0; i < m_nSize; i++){CControlInfo &ci = m_vInfo[i];ci.pInfo = pBorders + i;GetDlgItemRect(ci.pInfo->nID, ci.rcInitial);#ifdef _DEBUG//Make some debug checking//Check that no controls have reserved IDs//IDC_MAIN == 0 isn't allowed for control identifiers!//Set another control ID with CWindow::SetDlgCtrlID() or ::SetWindowLong(m_hWnd, GWL_ID, nID)!_ASSERTE(ci.pInfo->nID != IDC_MAIN);//Check that this control ID is unique.//ALL control identifiers MUST BE UNIQUE!!!for(int j = 0; j < i; j++){const CControlInfo &ciPrevious = m_vInfo[j];_ASSERTE(ciPrevious.pInfo->nID != ci.pInfo->nID); //Duplicated control ID!!!//Control j in initialization array has the same id as control i.}
#endif}return true;
}void CResizer::Move() const
{if(m_vRectInfo == NULL && m_nSize > 0)m_vRectInfo = new CRectInfo[m_nSize];for(int i = 0; i < m_nSize; i++){//Move(i) should be called always for i=0 to m_nSize!!//It is required by its implementation!Move(i);}MoveAndHideOverlapped();
}void CResizer::Move(int nIndex) const
{const CControlInfo &ci = m_vInfo[nIndex];CRectInfo &ri = m_vRectInfo[nIndex];m_nCachedSize = nIndex + 1; //Now m_vRectInfo contains nIndex + 1 valid itemsri.nID = ci.pInfo->nID;RECT &rc = ri.rc;rc.left = GetCoordinate(eLeft, ci.rcInitial, ci.pInfo->left, rc);rc.top = GetCoordinate(eTop, ci.rcInitial, ci.pInfo->top, rc);rc.right = GetCoordinate(eRight, ci.rcInitial, ci.pInfo->right, rc);rc.bottom = GetCoordinate(eBottom, ci.rcInitial, ci.pInfo->bottom, rc);HWND pCtl = GetDlgItem(ci.pInfo->nID);LONG dwStyle = ::GetWindowLong(pCtl, GWL_STYLE);ri.bVisible = (::IsWindowVisible(pCtl) != FALSE && (dwStyle & WS_CLIPSIBLINGS) == 0);ri.bHide = false;
}int CResizer::GetCoordinate(ESize eType, const RECT &rcInitial, const CBorder &border, const RECT &rc) const
{int nOld = GetRectCoord(eType, rcInitial);switch(border.eType){case eFixed:{//Get initial relative window positionRECT rc;GetInitialDlgItemRect(border.nRelID, rc);int nRelOld = GetRectCoord(border.eRelType, rc);//Get current relative window positionint nRelNew = GetRelativeCoord(border);//Compute and return new positionreturn nOld - nRelOld + nRelNew;}case eProportional:{//Get initial relative window positionRECT rcOld;GetInitialDlgItemRect(border.nRelID, rcOld);int nOldSize = GetRectSize(eType, rcOld);int nOldBase = GetRectCoord(border.eRelType, rcOld);//Get current relative window positionRECT rcNew;GetCachedDlgItemRect(border.nRelID, rcNew);int nNewSize = GetRectSize(eType, rcNew);int nNewBase = GetRectCoord(border.eRelType, rcNew);//Compute and return new positionreturn nNewBase + (nOld - nOldBase) * nNewSize / (nOldSize <= 0 ? 1 : nOldSize);}case eWidth:return rc.left + rcInitial.right - rcInitial.left;case eHeight:return rc.top + rcInitial.bottom - rcInitial.top;}_ASSERTE(FALSE); //Wrong relation type is specified. Use items from EBorder enum.return 0;
}int CResizer::GetRectCoord(ESize eType, const RECT &rc)
{switch(eType){case eLeft:return rc.left;case eTop:return rc.top;case eRight:return rc.right;case eBottom:return rc.bottom;case eXCenter:return (rc.right + rc.left) / 2;case eYCenter:return (rc.bottom + rc.top) / 2;}_ASSERTE(FALSE); //Wrong side is specified. Use items from ESize enum.return 0;
}int CResizer::GetRectSize(ESize eType, const RECT &rc)
{switch(eType){case eLeft:case eRight:case eXCenter:return rc.right - rc.left;case eTop:case eBottom:case eYCenter:return rc.bottom - rc.top;}_ASSERTE(FALSE); // Wrong side is specified. Use items from ESize enum.return 0;
}int CResizer::GetRelativeCoord(const CBorder &border) const
{RECT rc;GetCachedDlgItemRect(border.nRelID, rc);return GetRectCoord(border.eRelType, rc);
}void CResizer::GetDlgItemRect(int nID, RECT &rc) const
{switch(nID){case IDC_MAIN:::GetClientRect(m_wndParent, &rc);break;default:HWND pCtl = GetDlgItem(nID);::GetWindowRect(pCtl, &rc);POINT pt1, pt2;pt1.x = rc.left, pt1.y = rc.top;pt2.x = rc.right, pt2.y = rc.bottom;::ScreenToClient(m_wndParent, &pt1);::ScreenToClient(m_wndParent, &pt2);rc.left = pt1.x, rc.top = pt1.y, rc.right = pt2.x, rc.bottom = pt2.y;break;}
}void CResizer::GetCachedDlgItemRect(int nID, RECT &rc) const
{switch(nID){case IDC_MAIN:GetDlgItemRect(nID, rc);break;default:int i = FindCached(nID);rc = m_vRectInfo[i].rc;break;}
}void CResizer::GetInitialDlgItemRect(int nID, RECT &rc) const
{switch(nID){case IDC_MAIN:rc = m_rcInitial;break;default://Get initial relative window positionint i = Find(nID);rc = m_vInfo[i].rcInitial;break;}
}int CResizer::Find(int nID) const
{for(int i = 0; i < m_nSize; i++){if(m_vInfo[i].pInfo->nID == nID)return i;}_ASSERTE(FALSE); //Possibly control id nID wasn't defined before it is used//as relative window. Read the TIP in the header file resizer.hreturn -1;
}int CResizer::FindCached(int nID) const
{for(int i = 0; i < m_nCachedSize; i++){if(m_vRectInfo[i].nID == nID)return i;}_ASSERTE(FALSE); //Possibly control id nID wasn't defined before it is used//as relative window. Read the TIP in the header file resizer.hreturn -1;
}void CResizer::MoveAndHideOverlapped() const
{_ASSERTE(m_nSize == m_nCachedSize);for(int i = 0; i < m_nSize; i++){CRectInfo &riSlave = m_vRectInfo[i];for(int j = 0; j < i; j++){const CRectInfo &riMaster = m_vRectInfo[j];//if senior window is visible and intersects with juniur, junior is to be hiddenif(riMaster.bVisible && riSlave.bVisible && !riSlave.bHide){RECT rc;::IntersectRect(&rc, &riMaster.rc, &riSlave.rc);riSlave.bHide = !::IsRectEmpty(&rc);}}//if the window doesn't intersect with seniors, it can be drawnHWND pCtl = GetDlgItem(riSlave.nID);
//        if(riSlave.bHide)
//            ::SetRectEmpty(&riSlave.rc);//SWP_NOCOPYBITS is obligatory, otherwise windows don't correctly redraw itselves::SetWindowPos(pCtl, NULL, riSlave.rc.left, riSlave.rc.top,riSlave.rc.right - riSlave.rc.left, riSlave.rc.bottom - riSlave.rc.top,SWP_NOCOPYBITS | SWP_NOZORDER);}
}

//Resizer.h
/******************************************************************************\
$Copyright: (C)2001 Dmitry Kochin <dco@mail.ru>
$Workfile: Resizer.h $
\******************************************************************************/// Resizer.h: interface for the CResizer class.
//
//
// Class to correctly move child windows after parent window was resized
// Created: 06/07/01 by dukei@
////An idea:
//
//Each child window side (left, top, right and bottom) is connected to a side of another window,
//so called relative window. It is tipically dialog window, that owns the child window.
//When dialog window is resized, child window sides are moved after the relative window,
//preserving the connections.
//
//Typical usage:
//
// 1. CResizer m_resizer is member variable;
//
// 2. Add the following code to OnInitDialog()
// (replacing control IDs to your specific ones).
// See array format description later in the comment
//
//  static CResizer::CBorderInfo s_bi[] = {
//    {IDC_CONTROL_ID,      {CResizer::eFixed, IDC_MAIN, CResizer::eLeft}, //Left side
//                          {CResizer::eFixed, IDC_MAIN, CResizer::eTop},  //Top side
//                          {CResizer::eFixed, IDC_MAIN, CResizer::eLeft}, //Right side
//                          {CResizer::eFixed, IDC_MAIN, CResizer::eTop}}, //Bottom side
//    {IDC_STATIC_ID,       {CResizer::eFixed, IDC_MAIN, CResizer::eLeft},
//                          {CResizer::eFixed, IDC_MAIN, CResizer::eTop},
//                          {CResizer::eFixed, IDC_MAIN, CResizer::eRight},
//                          {CResizer::eFixed, IDC_MAIN, CResizer::eTop}},
//  };
//  const nSize = sizeof(s_bi)/sizeof(s_bi[0]);
//  m_resizer.Init(m_hWnd, NULL, s_bi, nSize);
//
// 3. Add the following code to OnSize() handler
//
//  m_resizer.Move();
//
// 4. Everything should work now
//
// P.S. Data array format consists of one or more CBorderInfo structures, which contains
// moved control ID (first field) and four CBorder structures,
// for left, top, right and bottom sides of moved control accordingly.
//
// The main difficulty is to understand CBorder structure, which has the following format:
//
// {<how control side is connected to side of another window>, <another window id>,
//                  <side of another window, to which a control side is connected>}
//
//     CResizer::eFixed                                  CResizer::eLeft
//     CResizer::eProportional  IDC_MAIN                 CResizer::eTop
// or {CResizer::eWidth       , IDC_ANOTHER_CONTROL_ID , CResizer::eRight   }
//     CResizer::eHeight                                 CResizer::eBottom
//                                                       CResizer::eXCenter
//                                                       CResizer::eYCenter
//
// For example, {CResizer::eFixed, IDC_MAIN, CResizer::eLeft} means, that moved control side is
// on the fixed distance (CResizer::eFixed) from left side (CResizer::eLeft) of dialog window (IDC_MAIN)
//
// Another example: {CResizer::eProportional, IDC_CONTROL_ID, CResizer::eLeft} means, that
// moved control side preserves relation (proportionaly) (CResizer::eProportional)
// to the width (CResizer::eLeft or CResizer::eRight) of control IDC_CONTROL_ID.
//
// TIP: Resizer resizes controls in the order they are defined in the array, so
// <another window id> should always be defined (and, therefore, moved by the resizer) before
// it is used as relative window. Otherwise, resizer ASSERTs.#pragma once#define IDC_MAIN 0   //Parent dialog ID to be relative windowclass CResizer
{
public:enum EBorder{eFixed = 1,  //Given distance to specified window sideeProportional, //Coordinate is changed proportionally to width/height of specified windoweWidth,   //The width is preserved (relative window and window side are ignored)eHeight,  //The height is preserved (relative window and window side are ignored)};enum ESize{eLeft = 1,  //Relative to left sideeTop,       //TopeRight,     //RighteBottom,    //BottomeXCenter,   //The center of widtheYCenter    //The center of height};struct CBorder{EBorder eType;  //Type of relation to relative control sideint nRelID;     //Relative controlESize eRelType; //Side of relative control};struct CBorderInfo{int nID;         //Control IDCBorder left;CBorder top;CBorder right;CBorder bottom;};private:struct CControlInfo{RECT rcInitial; //initial control position;const CBorderInfo *pInfo;};struct CRectInfo{int nID;       //Control IDRECT rc;      //New control rectbool bVisible; //If control is visiblebool bHide;    //If control should be hidden because it overlaps senior control};HWND m_wndParent;RECT m_rcInitial; //Initial window client areatypedef CControlInfo *TInfo;typedef CRectInfo *TRectInfo;TInfo m_vInfo;int m_nSize; //Size of m_vInfo arraymutable TRectInfo m_vRectInfo;mutable int m_nCachedSize; //Size of m_vRectInfoprotected:HWND GetDlgItem(int nID) const{return ::GetDlgItem(m_wndParent, nID);}void GetDlgItemRect(int nID, RECT &rc) const;void GetCachedDlgItemRect(int nID, RECT &rc) const;void GetInitialDlgItemRect(int nID, RECT &rc) const;void Move(int nIndex) const;int GetCoordinate(ESize eType, const RECT &rcInitial, const CBorder &border, const RECT &rc) const;static int GetRectCoord(ESize eType, const RECT &rc);static int GetRectSize(ESize eType, const RECT &rc);int GetRelativeCoord(const CBorder &border) const;int Find(int nID) const;int FindCached(int nID) const;void MoveAndHideOverlapped() const;void Clear();public://Initializes resizerbool Init(HWND hWndParent, LPCRECT rcInitial, const CBorderInfo *pBorders, int nSize);//Performs moving of controlsvoid Move() const;//Just constructorCResizer();//Just destructor~CResizer();
};

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MFC界面设计----改变界面大小使其中控件随其界面大小变化的方法

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