【echarts】使用心得之ChinaMap

echarts是一个开源的优秀前端可视化框架，有用很多优秀的可视化方案，调用也十分的简单。今天对echarts如何使用做一个记录，方便日后使用。

先从echarts官网下载所需的js包，用于开发，不多说自然是源代码版js。

这个Demo的例子是来自原官网的空气质量图。

业务需求：将页面捕捉到本地。

代码：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>ChinaMap</title><script src="js/echarts-all-3.js"></script><script src="js/dataTool.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="http://echarts.baidu.com/gallery/vendors/echarts/map/js/china.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="http://echarts.baidu.com/gallery/vendors/echarts/map/js/world.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="http://api.map.baidu.com/api?v=2.0&ak=ZUONbpqGBsYGXNIYHicvbAbM"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="http://echarts.baidu.com/gallery/vendors/echarts/extension/bmap.min.js"></script><style>#china-map {width:1000px; height: 700px;margin: auto;}</style>
</head>
<body><div id="china-map"></div><script>var myChart = echarts.init(document.getElementById('china-map'));var data = [{name: '海门', value: 9},{name: '鄂尔多斯', value: 12},{name: '招远', value: 12},{name: '舟山', value: 12},{name: '齐齐哈尔', value: 14},{name: '盐城', value: 15},{name: '赤峰', value: 16},{name: '青岛', value: 18},{name: '乳山', value: 18},{name: '金昌', value: 19},{name: '泉州', value: 21},{name: '莱西', value: 21},{name: '日照', value: 21},{name: '胶南', value: 22},{name: '南通', value: 23},{name: '拉萨', value: 24},{name: '云浮', value: 24},{name: '梅州', value: 25},{name: '文登', value: 25},{name: '上海', value: 25},{name: '攀枝花', value: 25},{name: '威海', value: 25},{name: '承德', value: 25},{name: '厦门', value: 26},{name: '汕尾', value: 26},{name: '潮州', value: 26},{name: '丹东', value: 27},{name: '太仓', value: 27},{name: '曲靖', value: 27},{name: '烟台', value: 28},{name: '福州', value: 29},{name: '瓦房店', value: 30},{name: '即墨', value: 30},{name: '抚顺', value: 31},{name: '玉溪', value: 31},{name: '张家口', value: 31},{name: '阳泉', value: 31},{name: '莱州', value: 32},{name: '湖州', value: 32},{name: '汕头', value: 32},{name: '昆山', value: 33},{name: '宁波', value: 33},{name: '湛江', value: 33},{name: '揭阳', value: 34},{name: '荣成', value: 34},{name: '连云港', value: 35},{name: '葫芦岛', value: 35},{name: '常熟', value: 36},{name: '东莞', value: 36},{name: '河源', value: 36},{name: '淮安', value: 36},{name: '泰州', value: 36},{name: '南宁', value: 37},{name: '营口', value: 37},{name: '惠州', value: 37},{name: '江阴', value: 37},{name: '蓬莱', value: 37},{name: '韶关', value: 38},{name: '嘉峪关', value: 38},{name: '广州', value: 38},{name: '延安', value: 38},{name: '太原', value: 39},{name: '清远', value: 39},{name: '中山', value: 39},{name: '昆明', value: 39},{name: '寿光', value: 40},{name: '盘锦', value: 40},{name: '长治', value: 41},{name: '深圳', value: 41},{name: '珠海', value: 42},{name: '宿迁', value: 43},{name: '咸阳', value: 43},{name: '铜川', value: 44},{name: '平度', value: 44},{name: '佛山', value: 44},{name: '海口', value: 44},{name: '江门', value: 45},{name: '章丘', value: 45},{name: '肇庆', value: 46},{name: '大连', value: 47},{name: '临汾', value: 47},{name: '吴江', value: 47},{name: '石嘴山', value: 49},{name: '沈阳', value: 50},{name: '苏州', value: 50},{name: '茂名', value: 50},{name: '嘉兴', value: 51},{name: '长春', value: 51},{name: '胶州', value: 52},{name: '银川', value: 52},{name: '张家港', value: 52},{name: '三门峡', value: 53},{name: '锦州', value: 54},{name: '南昌', value: 54},{name: '柳州', value: 54},{name: '三亚', value: 54},{name: '自贡', value: 56},{name: '吉林', value: 56},{name: '阳江', value: 57},{name: '泸州', value: 57},{name: '西宁', value: 57},{name: '宜宾', value: 58},{name: '呼和浩特', value: 58},{name: '成都', value: 58},{name: '大同', value: 58},{name: '镇江', value: 59},{name: '桂林', value: 59},{name: '张家界', value: 59},{name: '宜兴', value: 59},{name: '北海', value: 60},{name: '西安', value: 61},{name: '金坛', value: 62},{name: '东营', value: 62},{name: '牡丹江', value: 63},{name: '遵义', value: 63},{name: '绍兴', value: 63},{name: '扬州', value: 64},{name: '常州', value: 64},{name: '潍坊', value: 65},{name: '重庆', value: 66},{name: '台州', value: 67},{name: '南京', value: 67},{name: '滨州', value: 70},{name: '贵阳', value: 71},{name: '无锡', value: 71},{name: '本溪', value: 71},{name: '克拉玛依', value: 72},{name: '渭南', value: 72},{name: '马鞍山', value: 72},{name: '宝鸡', value: 72},{name: '焦作', value: 75},{name: '句容', value: 75},{name: '北京', value: 79},{name: '徐州', value: 79},{name: '衡水', value: 80},{name: '包头', value: 80},{name: '绵阳', value: 80},{name: '乌鲁木齐', value: 84},{name: '枣庄', value: 84},{name: '杭州', value: 84},{name: '淄博', value: 85},{name: '鞍山', value: 86},{name: '溧阳', value: 86},{name: '库尔勒', value: 86},{name: '安阳', value: 90},{name: '开封', value: 90},{name: '济南', value: 92},{name: '德阳', value: 93},{name: '温州', value: 95},{name: '九江', value: 96},{name: '邯郸', value: 98},{name: '临安', value: 99},{name: '兰州', value: 99},{name: '沧州', value: 100},{name: '临沂', value: 103},{name: '南充', value: 104},{name: '天津', value: 105},{name: '富阳', value: 106},{name: '泰安', value: 112},{name: '诸暨', value: 112},{name: '郑州', value: 113},{name: '哈尔滨', value: 114},{name: '聊城', value: 116},{name: '芜湖', value: 117},{name: '唐山', value: 119},{name: '平顶山', value: 119},{name: '邢台', value: 119},{name: '德州', value: 120},{name: '济宁', value: 120},{name: '荆州', value: 127},{name: '宜昌', value: 130},{name: '义乌', value: 132},{name: '丽水', value: 133},{name: '洛阳', value: 134},{name: '秦皇岛', value: 136},{name: '株洲', value: 143},{name: '石家庄', value: 147},{name: '莱芜', value: 148},{name: '常德', value: 152},{name: '保定', value: 153},{name: '湘潭', value: 154},{name: '金华', value: 157},{name: '岳阳', value: 169},{name: '长沙', value: 175},{name: '衢州', value: 177},{name: '廊坊', value: 193},{name: '菏泽', value: 194},{name: '合肥', value: 229},{name: '武汉', value: 273},{name: '大庆', value: 279}];var geoCoordMap = {'海门':[121.15,31.89],'鄂尔多斯':[109.781327,39.608266],'招远':[120.38,37.35],'舟山':[122.207216,29.985295],'齐齐哈尔':[123.97,47.33],'盐城':[120.13,33.38],'赤峰':[118.87,42.28],'青岛':[120.33,36.07],'乳山':[121.52,36.89],'金昌':[102.188043,38.520089],'泉州':[118.58,24.93],'莱西':[120.53,36.86],'日照':[119.46,35.42],'胶南':[119.97,35.88],'南通':[121.05,32.08],'拉萨':[91.11,29.97],'云浮':[112.02,22.93],'梅州':[116.1,24.55],'文登':[122.05,37.2],'上海':[121.48,31.22],'攀枝花':[101.718637,26.582347],'威海':[122.1,37.5],'承德':[117.93,40.97],'厦门':[118.1,24.46],'汕尾':[115.375279,22.786211],'潮州':[116.63,23.68],'丹东':[124.37,40.13],'太仓':[121.1,31.45],'曲靖':[103.79,25.51],'烟台':[121.39,37.52],'福州':[119.3,26.08],'瓦房店':[121.979603,39.627114],'即墨':[120.45,36.38],'抚顺':[123.97,41.97],'玉溪':[102.52,24.35],'张家口':[114.87,40.82],'阳泉':[113.57,37.85],'莱州':[119.942327,37.177017],'湖州':[120.1,30.86],'汕头':[116.69,23.39],'昆山':[120.95,31.39],'宁波':[121.56,29.86],'湛江':[110.359377,21.270708],'揭阳':[116.35,23.55],'荣成':[122.41,37.16],'连云港':[119.16,34.59],'葫芦岛':[120.836932,40.711052],'常熟':[120.74,31.64],'东莞':[113.75,23.04],'河源':[114.68,23.73],'淮安':[119.15,33.5],'泰州':[119.9,32.49],'南宁':[108.33,22.84],'营口':[122.18,40.65],'惠州':[114.4,23.09],'江阴':[120.26,31.91],'蓬莱':[120.75,37.8],'韶关':[113.62,24.84],'嘉峪关':[98.289152,39.77313],'广州':[113.23,23.16],'延安':[109.47,36.6],'太原':[112.53,37.87],'清远':[113.01,23.7],'中山':[113.38,22.52],'昆明':[102.73,25.04],'寿光':[118.73,36.86],'盘锦':[122.070714,41.119997],'长治':[113.08,36.18],'深圳':[114.07,22.62],'珠海':[113.52,22.3],'宿迁':[118.3,33.96],'咸阳':[108.72,34.36],'铜川':[109.11,35.09],'平度':[119.97,36.77],'佛山':[113.11,23.05],'海口':[110.35,20.02],'江门':[113.06,22.61],'章丘':[117.53,36.72],'肇庆':[112.44,23.05],'大连':[121.62,38.92],'临汾':[111.5,36.08],'吴江':[120.63,31.16],'石嘴山':[106.39,39.04],'沈阳':[123.38,41.8],'苏州':[120.62,31.32],'茂名':[110.88,21.68],'嘉兴':[120.76,30.77],'长春':[125.35,43.88],'胶州':[120.03336,36.264622],'银川':[106.27,38.47],'张家港':[120.555821,31.875428],'三门峡':[111.19,34.76],'锦州':[121.15,41.13],'南昌':[115.89,28.68],'柳州':[109.4,24.33],'三亚':[109.511909,18.252847],'自贡':[104.778442,29.33903],'吉林':[126.57,43.87],'阳江':[111.95,21.85],'泸州':[105.39,28.91],'西宁':[101.74,36.56],'宜宾':[104.56,29.77],'呼和浩特':[111.65,40.82],'成都':[104.06,30.67],'大同':[113.3,40.12],'镇江':[119.44,32.2],'桂林':[110.28,25.29],'张家界':[110.479191,29.117096],'宜兴':[119.82,31.36],'北海':[109.12,21.49],'西安':[108.95,34.27],'金坛':[119.56,31.74],'东营':[118.49,37.46],'牡丹江':[129.58,44.6],'遵义':[106.9,27.7],'绍兴':[120.58,30.01],'扬州':[119.42,32.39],'常州':[119.95,31.79],'潍坊':[119.1,36.62],'重庆':[106.54,29.59],'台州':[121.420757,28.656386],'南京':[118.78,32.04],'滨州':[118.03,37.36],'贵阳':[106.71,26.57],'无锡':[120.29,31.59],'本溪':[123.73,41.3],'克拉玛依':[84.77,45.59],'渭南':[109.5,34.52],'马鞍山':[118.48,31.56],'宝鸡':[107.15,34.38],'焦作':[113.21,35.24],'句容':[119.16,31.95],'北京':[116.46,39.92],'徐州':[117.2,34.26],'衡水':[115.72,37.72],'包头':[110,40.58],'绵阳':[104.73,31.48],'乌鲁木齐':[87.68,43.77],'枣庄':[117.57,34.86],'杭州':[120.19,30.26],'淄博':[118.05,36.78],'鞍山':[122.85,41.12],'溧阳':[119.48,31.43],'库尔勒':[86.06,41.68],'安阳':[114.35,36.1],'开封':[114.35,34.79],'济南':[117,36.65],'德阳':[104.37,31.13],'温州':[120.65,28.01],'九江':[115.97,29.71],'邯郸':[114.47,36.6],'临安':[119.72,30.23],'兰州':[103.73,36.03],'沧州':[116.83,38.33],'临沂':[118.35,35.05],'南充':[106.110698,30.837793],'天津':[117.2,39.13],'富阳':[119.95,30.07],'泰安':[117.13,36.18],'诸暨':[120.23,29.71],'郑州':[113.65,34.76],'哈尔滨':[126.63,45.75],'聊城':[115.97,36.45],'芜湖':[118.38,31.33],'唐山':[118.02,39.63],'平顶山':[113.29,33.75],'邢台':[114.48,37.05],'德州':[116.29,37.45],'济宁':[116.59,35.38],'荆州':[112.239741,30.335165],'宜昌':[111.3,30.7],'义乌':[120.06,29.32],'丽水':[119.92,28.45],'洛阳':[112.44,34.7],'秦皇岛':[119.57,39.95],'株洲':[113.16,27.83],'石家庄':[114.48,38.03],'莱芜':[117.67,36.19],'常德':[111.69,29.05],'保定':[115.48,38.85],'湘潭':[112.91,27.87],'金华':[119.64,29.12],'岳阳':[113.09,29.37],'长沙':[113,28.21],'衢州':[118.88,28.97],'廊坊':[116.7,39.53],'菏泽':[115.480656,35.23375],'合肥':[117.27,31.86],'武汉':[114.31,30.52],'大庆':[125.03,46.58]};var convertData = function (data) {var res = [];for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {var geoCoord = geoCoordMap[data[i].name];if (geoCoord) {res.push({name: data[i].name,value: geoCoord.concat(data[i].value)});}}return res;};
//option参数是重点。option = {backgroundColor: '#404a59',title: {text: '全国主要城市空气质量',subtext: 'data from PM25.in',sublink: 'http://www.pm25.in',left: 'center',textStyle: {color: '#fff'}},tooltip : {trigger: 'item'},legend: {orient: 'vertical',y: 'bottom',x:'right',data:['pm2.5'],textStyle: {color: '#fff'}},geo: {map: 'china',label: {emphasis: {show: false}},roam: true,itemStyle: {normal: {areaColor: '#323c48',borderColor: '#111'},emphasis: {areaColor: '#2a333d'}}},series : [{name: 'pm2.5',type: 'scatter',coordinateSystem: 'geo',data: convertData(data),symbolSize: function (val) {return val[2] / 10;},label: {normal: {formatter: '{b}',position: 'right',show: false},emphasis: {show: true}},itemStyle: {normal: {color: '#ddb926'}}},{name: 'Top 5',type: 'effectScatter',coordinateSystem: 'geo',data: convertData(data.sort(function (a, b) {return b.value - a.value;}).slice(0, 6)),symbolSize: function (val) {return val[2] / 10;},showEffectOn: 'render',rippleEffect: {brushType: 'stroke'},hoverAnimation: true,label: {normal: {formatter: '{b}',position: 'right',show: true}},itemStyle: {normal: {color: '#f4e925',shadowBlur: 10,shadowColor: '#333'}},zlevel: 1}]};myChart.setOption(option);
//这个setOption方法是个重点。</script>
</body>
</html>

存在的技术要点：

1.所有数据需要放入option中，然后通过setOption这个方法来放入作为echarts的div中。可以根据官网Demo看出这一点。官网Demo：点击打开链接

2.option中的数据格式是json串的形式，各个参数都具有不同的意义，可以根据官网API来学习。点击打开链接

3.也是存在的坑，本例中需要用到ChinaMap，这里调用的是百度Map，所以需要访问百度地图的接口。也就是需要通过js来访问百度地图，以此类推如果是世界地图，就需要添加世界地图的js。

    <script type="text/javascript" src="http://echarts.baidu.com/gallery/vendors/echarts/map/js/china.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="http://echarts.baidu.com/gallery/vendors/echarts/map/js/world.js"></script>

4.还有几个js文件也是必不可少的，不多解释，少了就是不出效果（删掉这些js后发现地图会变乱，目测是定位坐标的js）

    <script type="text/javascript" src="http://api.map.baidu.com/api?v=2.0&ak=ZUONbpqGBsYGXNIYHicvbAbM"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="http://echarts.baidu.com/gallery/vendors/echarts/extension/bmap.min.js"></script>

5.dataTool.js是处理echarts数据的js，是必须存在的，否则页面中传入的数据格式不被echarts认可。

!function(e,t){"object"==typeof exports&&"undefined"!=typeof module?t(exports,require("echarts")):"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(["exports","echarts"],t):t(e.dataTool={},e.echarts)}(this,function(e,t){"use strict";function r(e,t,r){if(e&&t){if(e.map&&e.map===f)return e.map(t,r);for(var a=[],n=0,o=e.length;n<o;n++)a.push(t.call(r,e[n],n,e));return a}}function a(e){return e?r(u(e,"attribute"),function(e){return{id:i(e,"id"),title:i(e,"title"),type:i(e,"type")}}):[]}function n(e,t){return e?r(u(e,"node"),function(e){var r={id:i(e,"id"),name:i(e,"label"),itemStyle:{normal:{}}},a=l(e,"viz:size"),n=l(e,"viz:position"),o=l(e,"viz:color"),s=l(e,"attvalues");if(a&&(r.symbolSize=parseFloat(i(a,"value"))),n&&(r.x=parseFloat(i(n,"x")),r.y=parseFloat(i(n,"y"))),o&&(r.itemStyle.normal.color="rgb("+[0|i(o,"r"),0|i(o,"g"),0|i(o,"b")].join(",")+")"),s){var f=u(s,"attvalue");r.attributes={};for(var c=0;c<f.length;c++){var p=f[c],d=i(p,"for"),v=i(p,"value"),g=t[d];if(g){switch(g.type){case"integer":case"long":v=parseInt(v,10);break;case"float":case"double":v=parseFloat(v);break;case"boolean":v="true"==v.toLowerCase()}r.attributes[d]=v}}}return r}):[]}function o(e){return e?r(u(e,"edge"),function(e){var t={id:i(e,"id"),name:i(e,"label"),source:i(e,"source"),target:i(e,"target"),lineStyle:{normal:{}}},r=t.lineStyle.normal,a=l(e,"viz:thickness"),n=l(e,"viz:color");return a&&(r.width=parseFloat(a.getAttribute("value"))),n&&(r.color="rgb("+[0|i(n,"r"),0|i(n,"g"),0|i(n,"b")].join(",")+")"),t}):[]}function i(e,t){return e.getAttribute(t)}function l(e,t){for(var r=e.firstChild;r;){if(1==r.nodeType&&r.nodeName.toLowerCase()==t.toLowerCase())return r;r=r.nextSibling}return null}function u(e,t){for(var r=e.firstChild,a=[];r;)r.nodeName.toLowerCase()==t.toLowerCase()&&a.push(r),r=r.nextSibling;return a}function s(e){return e.sort(function(e,t){return e-t}),e}var f=Array.prototype.map,c=(Object.freeze||Object)({parse:function(e){var t;if(!(t="string"==typeof e?(new DOMParser).parseFromString(e,"text/xml"):e)||t.getElementsByTagName("parsererror").length)return null;var r=l(t,"gexf");if(!r)return null;for(var i=l(r,"graph"),u=a(l(i,"attributes")),s={},f=0;f<u.length;f++)s[u[f].id]=u[f];return{nodes:n(l(i,"nodes"),s),links:o(l(i,"edges"))}}}),p=function(e,t){var r=(e.length-1)*t+1,a=Math.floor(r),n=+e[a-1],o=r-a;return o?n+o*(e[a]-n):n},d=function(e,t){for(var r=[],a=[],n=[],o=(t=t||[]).boundIQR,i="none"===o||0===o,l=0;l<e.length;l++){n.push(l+"");var u=s(e[l].slice()),f=p(u,.25),c=p(u,.5),d=p(u,.75),v=u[0],g=u[u.length-1],h=(null==o?1.5:o)*(d-f),b=i?v:Math.max(v,f-h),m=i?g:Math.min(g,d+h);r.push([b,f,c,d,m]);for(var y=0;y<u.length;y++){var x=u[y];if(x<b||x>m){var w=[l,x];"vertical"===t.layout&&w.reverse(),a.push(w)}}}return{boxData:r,outliers:a,axisData:n}};t.dataTool&&(t.dataTool.version="1.0.0",t.dataTool.gexf=c,t.dataTool.prepareBoxplotData=d),e.version="1.0.0",e.gexf=c,e.prepareBoxplotData=d});

6.最后别忘了引入刚才下载的echarts.js。

本例中最重要的是学会使用setOption方法和看懂option中各个参数的意义。所以大家可以多多翻阅官网的API来完成学习，如果能通过本例速通，自然更佳~

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