LAB002 -Oracle数据库手工冷备份(归档模式)
2024-06-07 10:45:06
设置FRA用于归档
创建归档目录：
[root@oracle-12201-vagrant ~]# mkdir /u01/fra
[root@oracle-12201-vagrant ~]# chown oracle:oinstall /u01/fra
设置FRA：
[oracle@oracle-12201-vagrant ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Mon Apr 8 21:21:27 2019Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit ProductionSQL> alter system set db_recovery_file_dest_size=10g scope=both;System altered.SQL> alter system set db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/fra' scope=both;System altered.
SQL> show parameter DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST;NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_recovery_file_dest string /u01/fra
db_recovery_file_dest_size big integer 10G
SQL> select dest_name, destination, status, binding from v$archive_dest;DEST_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DESTINATION
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
STATUS BINDING
--------- ---------
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1
USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
VALID OPTIONAL
...
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
[oracle@oracle-12201-vagrant ~]$ ls -l /u01/fra
total 0启用数据库归档
[oracle@oracle-12201-vagrant ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Mon Apr 8 21:29:37 2019Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit ProductionSQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup mount
ORACLE instance started.Total System Global Area 1207959552 bytes
Fixed Size 8792152 bytes
Variable Size 436209576 bytes
Database Buffers 754974720 bytes
Redo Buffers 7983104 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter database archivelog2 ;Database altered.SQL> alter database open;Database altered.SQL> archive log list
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence 1
Next log sequence to archive 3
Current log sequence 3
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production[oracle@oracle-12201-vagrant ~]$ tree /u01/fra
/u01/fra
└── ORCLCDB└── archivelog└── 2019_04_083 directories, 0 files插入数据，用于验证恢复
[oracle@oracle-12201-vagrant ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Mon Apr 8 21:37:34 2019Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit ProductionSQL> show con_nameCON_NAME
------------------------------
CDB$ROOT
SQL> select count(*) from cdb_table;COUNT(*)
----------0SQL> insert into cdb_table values(1);1 row created.SQL> commit;Commit complete.SQL> alter session set container=orclpdb1;Session altered.
SQL> show con_name;CON_NAME
------------------------------
ORCLPDB1SQL> select count(*) from pdb_table;COUNT(*)
----------0SQL> insert into pdb_table values(1);1 row created.SQL> commit;Commit complete.确定需要备份的文件
执行以下查询：
set pagesize 0
select name from v$datafile
union
select name from v$controlfile;
输出结果为：
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1/sysaux01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1/system01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1/undotbs01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1/users01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/control01.ctl
/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/control02.ctl
/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/pdbseed/system01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/pdbseed/undotbs01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/sysaux01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/system01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/undotbs01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/users01.dbf13 rows selected.关闭数据库
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.备份数据库
查看文件：
[oracle@oracle-12201-vagrant ~]$ cd /u01/backup
[oracle@oracle-12201-vagrant backup]$ mkdir ORCLCDB
[oracle@oracle-12201-vagrant backup]$ mkdir ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1
[oracle@oracle-12201-vagrant backup]$ mkdir ORCLCDB/pdbseed[oracle@oracle-12201-vagrant backup]$ ll /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1/
total 787496
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 367009792 Apr 8 21:46 sysaux01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 262152192 Apr 8 21:46 system01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 67117056 Apr 7 16:04 temp01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 104865792 Apr 8 21:46 undotbs01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 5251072 Apr 8 21:46 users01.dbf
[oracle@oracle-12201-vagrant backup]$ ll /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/pdbseed
total 761888
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 346038272 Apr 7 16:03 sysaux01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 262152192 Apr 7 16:03 system01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 67117056 Apr 7 16:01 temp012019-04-07_16-00-25-755-PM.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 104865792 Apr 7 16:03 undotbs01.dbf
[oracle@oracle-12201-vagrant backup]$ ll /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB
total 2056984
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 18726912 Apr 8 21:46 control01.ctl
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 18726912 Apr 8 21:46 control02.ctl
drwxr-x---. 2 oracle oinstall 104 Apr 7 16:04 ORCLPDB1
drwxr-x---. 2 oracle oinstall 4096 Apr 7 16:00 pdbseed
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 209715712 Apr 8 21:30 redo01.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 209715712 Apr 8 21:30 redo02.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 209715712 Apr 8 21:46 redo03.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 492838912 Apr 8 21:46 sysaux01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 838868992 Apr 8 21:46 system01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 34611200 Apr 7 16:01 temp01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 68165632 Apr 8 21:46 undotbs01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 5251072 Apr 8 21:46 users01.dbf开始备份：
[oracle@oracle-12201-vagrant backup]$ cat backupdb.sh
cd /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1
cp sysaux01.dbf system01.dbf undotbs01.dbf users01.dbf /u01/backup/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1
cd /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/pdbseed
cp sysaux01.dbf system01.dbf undotbs01.dbf /u01/backup/ORCLCDB/pdbseed
cd /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB
cp control01.ctl control02.ctl sysaux01.dbf system01.dbf undotbs01.dbf users01.dbf /u01/backup/ORCLCDB[oracle@oracle-12201-vagrant backup]$ time ./backupdb.shreal 0m29.810s
user 0m0.031s
sys 0m4.147s
[oracle@oracle-12201-vagrant backup]$ du -sh /u01/backup/ORCLCDB
2.7G /u01/backup/ORCLCDB启动数据库
[oracle@oracle-12201-vagrant ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Mon Apr 8 22:05:39 2019Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.Connected to an idle instance.SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.Total System Global Area 1207959552 bytes
Fixed Size 8792152 bytes
Variable Size 436209576 bytes
Database Buffers 754974720 bytes
Redo Buffers 7983104 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.插入数据以验证恢复
SQL> show con_nameCON_NAME
------------------------------
CDB$ROOT
SQL> select count(*) from cdb_table;COUNT(*)
----------1SQL> insert into cdb_table values(2);1 row created.SQL> commit;Commit complete.SQL> alter session set container=orclpdb1;Session altered.SQL> show con_name;CON_NAME
------------------------------
ORCLPDB1
SQL> select count(*) from pdb_table;COUNT(*)
----------1SQL> insert into pdb_table values(2);1 row created.SQL> alter session set container=cdb$root;Session altered.SQL> shutdown immediate;
ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1
ORA-65023: active transaction exists in container ORCLPDB1
SQL> alter session set container=orclpdb1;Session altered.SQL> commit;Commit complete.SQL> alter session set container=cdb$root;Session altered.关闭数据库
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.恢复数据库
首先删除所有的控制和数据文件，仅留下redo log：
[oracle@oracle-12201-vagrant ~]$ cd $ORACLE_BASE
[oracle@oracle-12201-vagrant oracle]$ ls
admin audit cfgtoollogs checkpoints diag oradata oraInventory product
[oracle@oracle-12201-vagrant oracle]$ cd oradata/
[oracle@oracle-12201-vagrant oradata]$ ls
ORCLCDB
[oracle@oracle-12201-vagrant oradata]$ cd ORCLCDB
[oracle@oracle-12201-vagrant ORCLCDB]$ ls
control01.ctl control02.ctl ORCLPDB1 pdbseed redo01.log redo02.log redo03.log sysaux01.dbf system01.dbf temp01.dbf undotbs01.dbf users01.dbf
[oracle@oracle-12201-vagrant ORCLCDB]$ rm *.dbf *.ctl
[oracle@oracle-12201-vagrant ORCLCDB]$ cd ORCLPDB1
[oracle@oracle-12201-vagrant ORCLPDB1]$ ls
sysaux01.dbf system01.dbf temp01.dbf undotbs01.dbf users01.dbf
[oracle@oracle-12201-vagrant ORCLPDB1]$ rm *
[oracle@oracle-12201-vagrant ORCLPDB1]$ cd ../pdbseed
[oracle@oracle-12201-vagrant pdbseed]$ ls
sysaux01.dbf system01.dbf temp012019-04-07_16-00-25-755-PM.dbf undotbs01.dbf
[oracle@oracle-12201-vagrant pdbseed]$ rm *然后恢复文件到原位置：
[oracle@oracle-12201-vagrant backup]$ pwd
/u01/backup
[oracle@oracle-12201-vagrant backup]$ cat restoredb.sh
cd /u01/backup/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1
cp sysaux01.dbf system01.dbf undotbs01.dbf users01.dbf /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1
cd /u01/backup/ORCLCDB/pdbseed
cp sysaux01.dbf system01.dbf undotbs01.dbf /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/pdbseed
cd /u01/backup/ORCLCDB
cp control01.ctl control02.ctl sysaux01.dbf system01.dbf undotbs01.dbf users01.dbf /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB
[oracle@oracle-12201-vagrant backup]$ time ./restoredb.shreal 0m42.060s
user 0m0.064s
sys 0m5.122s启动数据库
[oracle@oracle-12201-vagrant ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Mon Apr 8 22:21:03 2019Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.Connected to an idle instance.SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.Total System Global Area 1207959552 bytes
Fixed Size 8792152 bytes
Variable Size 436209576 bytes
Database Buffers 754974720 bytes
Redo Buffers 7983104 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-03113: end-of-file on communication channel
Process ID: 18045
Session ID: 17 Serial number: 52778查看错误：
[oracle@oracle-12201-vagrant ~]$ adrciADRCI: Release 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Apr 8 22:28:26 2019Copyright (c) 1982, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.ADR base = "/opt/oracle"
adrci> show homes
ADR Homes:
diag/rdbms/orclcdb/ORCLCDB
diag/tnslsnr/oracle-12201-vagrant/listener
adrci> set home diag/rdbms/orclcdb/ORCLCDB
adrci> show alert -tail 100
2019-04-08 22:21:20.297000 +08:00audit_file_dest = "/opt/oracle/admin/ORCLCDB/adump"commit_wait = "nowait"commit_logging = "batch"audit_trail = "NONE"db_name = "ORCLCDB"open_cursors = 300pga_aggregate_target = 384Mdiagnostic_dest = "/opt/oracle"enable_pluggable_database= TRUE
NOTE: remote asm mode is local (mode 0x1; from cluster type)
============================================================
NOTE: PatchLevel of this instance 0
============================================================
Starting background process PMON
PMON started with pid=2, OS id=17962
Starting background process CLMN
CLMN started with pid=3, OS id=17964
Starting background process PSP0
Starting background process VKTM
PSP0 started with pid=4, OS id=17966
2019-04-08 22:21:21.529000 +08:00
VKTM started with pid=5, OS id=17969 at elevated (RT) priority
VKTM running at (1)millisec precision with DBRM quantum (100)ms
Starting background process GEN0
Starting background process MMAN
GEN0 started with pid=6, OS id=17973
MMAN started with pid=7, OS id=17975
Starting background process GEN1
Starting background process DIAG
GEN1 started with pid=9, OS id=17979_17981
Starting background process OFSD
DIAG started with pid=11, OS id=17983
OFSD started with pid=12, OS id=17985_17987
Starting background process DBRM
Oracle running with ofslib:'Oracle File Server Library' version=2
Starting background process VKRM
DBRM started with pid=14, OS id=17989
VKRM started with pid=15, OS id=17991
Starting background process SVCB
SVCB started with pid=16, OS id=17993
Starting background process PMAN
PMAN started with pid=17, OS id=17995
Starting background process DIA0
DIA0 started with pid=18, OS id=17997
Starting background process DBW0
DBW0 started with pid=19, OS id=17999
Starting background process LGWR
LGWR started with pid=20, OS id=18001
Starting background process CKPT
CKPT started with pid=21, OS id=18003
LGWR slave LG00 created with pid=22, OS pid=18005
Starting background process SMON
SMON started with pid=23, OS id=18007
LGWR slave LG01 created with pid=24, OS pid=18009
Starting background process SMCO
SMCO started with pid=25, OS id=18011
Starting background process RECO
RECO started with pid=26, OS id=18013
Starting background process LREG
LREG started with pid=28, OS id=18017
Starting background process PXMN
Starting background process FENC
PXMN started with pid=30, OS id=18021
Starting background process MMON
FENC started with pid=31, OS id=18023
Starting background process MMNL
MMON started with pid=32, OS id=18025
starting up 1 dispatcher(s) for network address '(ADDRESS=(PARTIAL=YES)(PROTOCOL=TCP))'...
MMNL started with pid=31, OS id=18027
starting up 1 shared server(s) ...
Starting background process TMON
ORACLE_BASE from environment = /opt/oracle
TMON started with pid=35, OS id=18033
2019-04-08 22:21:22.547000 +08:00
ALTER DATABASE MOUNT
2019-04-08 22:21:24.834000 +08:00
Using default pga_aggregate_limit of 2048 MB
2019-04-08 22:21:26.680000 +08:00
Network throttle feature is disabled as mount time
Successful mount of redo thread 1, with mount id 2776128994
Database mounted in Exclusive Mode
Lost write protection disabled
Using STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST parameter default value as USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Completed: ALTER DATABASE MOUNT
ALTER DATABASE OPEN
Ping without log force is disabled:instance mounted in exclusive mode.
Endian type of dictionary set to little
LGWR: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES
Starting background process ARC0
ARC0 started with pid=38, OS id=18051
ARC0: Archival started
LGWR: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES COMPLETE
ARC0: Becoming a 'no FAL' ARCH
ARC0: Becoming the 'no SRL' ARCH
TT00: Gap Manager starting (PID:18053)
Errors in file /opt/oracle/diag/rdbms/orclcdb/ORCLCDB/trace/ORCLCDB_lgwr_18001.trc:
ORA-00338: log 3 of thread 1 is more recent than control file
ORA-00312: online log 3 thread 1: '/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/redo03.log'
Errors in file /opt/oracle/diag/rdbms/orclcdb/ORCLCDB/trace/ORCLCDB_lgwr_18001.trc:
ORA-00338: log 3 of thread 1 is more recent than control file
ORA-00312: online log 3 thread 1: '/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/redo03.log'
Errors in file /opt/oracle/diag/rdbms/orclcdb/ORCLCDB/trace/ORCLCDB_ora_18045.trc:
ORA-00338: log 1 of thread is more recent than control file
ORA-00312: online log 3 thread 1: '/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/redo03.log'
USER (ospid: 18045): terminating the instance due to error 338
System state dump requested by (instance=1, osid=18045), summary=[abnormal instance termination].
System State dumped to trace file /opt/oracle/diag/rdbms/orclcdb/ORCLCDB/trace/ORCLCDB_diag_17983_20190408222127.trc
Dumping diagnostic data in directory=[cdmp_20190408222127], requested by (instance=1, osid=18045), summary=[abnormal instance termination].
2019-04-08 22:21:29.008000 +08:00
Instance terminated by USER, pid = 18045
adrci>exit尝试恢复
SQL> select group#,bytes/1024/1024,status from v$log;GROUP# BYTES/1024/1024 STATUS
---------- --------------- ----------------1 200 INACTIVE3 200 CURRENT2 200 INACTIVESQL> recover until cancel;
ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors
ORA-01610: recovery using the BACKUP CONTROLFILE option must be done重建控制文件
SQL> alter database backup controlfile to trace;Database altered.SQL> show parameter user_dump_destNAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
user_dump_dest string /opt/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/dbhome_1/rdbms/log
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
[oracle@oracle-12201-vagrant ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/log
[oracle@oracle-12201-vagrant log]$ ls -ltr|more
total 72
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 959 Apr 7 15:57 orclcdb_ora_27928.trc
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 959 Apr 7 15:59 orclcdb_ora_28109.trc
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 959 Apr 7 15:59 orclcdb_ora_28209.trc
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 959 Apr 7 16:00 orclcdb_ora_28494.trc
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 120 Apr 7 16:01 qopatch.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 959 Apr 7 16:03 orclcdb_ora_29982.trc
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 959 Apr 7 16:04 orclcdb_ora_30520.trc
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 958 Apr 8 19:35 orclcdb_ora_3162.trc
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 958 Apr 8 20:27 orclcdb_ora_9241.trc
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 960 Apr 8 20:38 orclcdb_ora_10212.trc
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 960 Apr 8 20:51 orclcdb_ora_11233.trc
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 960 Apr 8 21:16 orclcdb_ora_12919.trc
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 960 Apr 8 21:30 orclcdb_ora_14152.trc
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 960 Apr 8 22:05 orclcdb_ora_16513.trc
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 6636 Apr 8 22:06 qopatch_log.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 960 Apr 8 22:21 orclcdb_ora_17943.trc
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 960 Apr 8 22:38 orclcdb_ora_18887.trc再来一次，这回找对了文件位置：
SQL> alter database backup controlfile to trace;Database altered.SQL> oradebug setmypid;
Statement processed.
SQL> oradebug tracefile_name;
/opt/oracle/diag/rdbms/orclcdb/ORCLCDB/trace/ORCLCDB_ora_20197.trc
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
[oracle@oracle-12201-vagrant 2019_04_08]$ cat /opt/oracle/diag/rdbms/orclcdb/ORCLCDB/trace/ORCLCDB_ora_20197.trc
Trace file /opt/oracle/diag/rdbms/orclcdb/ORCLCDB/trace/ORCLCDB_ora_20197.trc
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
Build label: RDBMS_12.2.0.1.0_LINUX.X64_170125
ORACLE_HOME: /opt/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/dbhome_1
System name: Linux
Node name: oracle-12201-vagrant
Release: 4.14.35-1844.3.2.el7uek.x86_64
Version: #2 SMP Mon Feb 25 17:43:37 PST 2019
Machine: x86_64
Instance name: ORCLCDB
Redo thread mounted by this instance: 1
Oracle process number: 8
Unix process pid: 20197, image: oracle@oracle-12201-vagrant (TNS V1-V3)*** 2019-04-08T23:02:02.280245+08:00 (CDB$ROOT(1))
*** SESSION ID:(17.19026) 2019-04-08T23:02:02.280284+08:00
*** CLIENT ID:() 2019-04-08T23:02:02.280293+08:00
*** SERVICE NAME:() 2019-04-08T23:02:02.280299+08:00
*** MODULE NAME:(sqlplus@oracle-12201-vagrant (TNS V1-V3)) 2019-04-08T23:02:02.280312+08:00
*** ACTION NAME:() 2019-04-08T23:02:02.280320+08:00
*** CLIENT DRIVER:(SQL*PLUS) 2019-04-08T23:02:02.280327+08:00
*** CONTAINER ID:(1) 2019-04-08T23:02:02.280334+08:00-- The following are current System-scope REDO Log Archival related
-- parameters and can be included in the database initialization file.
--
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST=''
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DUPLEX_DEST=''
--
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT=%t_%s_%r.dbf
--
-- DB_UNIQUE_NAME="ORCLCDB"
--
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='SEND, RECEIVE, NODG_CONFIG'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES=4
-- STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=MANUAL
-- STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST=?#/dbs/arch
-- FAL_CLIENT=''
-- FAL_SERVER=''
--
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='LOCATION=USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='MANDATORY NOREOPEN NODELAY'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='ARCH NOAFFIRM NOVERIFY SYNC'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='NOREGISTER NOALTERNATE NODEPENDENCY'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='NOMAX_FAILURE NOQUOTA_SIZE NOQUOTA_USED NODB_UNIQUE_NAME'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='VALID_FOR=(PRIMARY_ROLE,ONLINE_LOGFILES)'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE
--
-- Below are two sets of SQL statements, each of which creates a new
-- control file and uses it to open the database. The first set opens
-- the database with the NORESETLOGS option and should be used only if
-- the current versions of all online logs are available. The second
-- set opens the database with the RESETLOGS option and should be used
-- if online logs are unavailable.
-- The appropriate set of statements can be copied from the trace into
-- a script file, edited as necessary, and executed when there is a
-- need to re-create the control file.
--
-- Set #1. NORESETLOGS case
--
-- The following commands will create a new control file and use it
-- to open the database.
-- Data used by Recovery Manager will be lost.
-- Additional logs may be required for media recovery of offline
-- Use this only if the current versions of all online logs are
-- available.
-- WARNING! The current control file needs to be checked against
-- the datafiles to insure it contains the correct files. The
-- commands printed here may be missing log and/or data files.
-- Another report should be made after the database has been
-- successfully opened.
-- After mounting the created controlfile, the following SQL
-- statement will place the database in the appropriate
-- protection mode:
-- ALTER DATABASE SET STANDBY DATABASE TO MAXIMIZE PERFORMANCE
STARTUP NOMOUNT
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "ORCLCDB" NORESETLOGS ARCHIVELOGMAXLOGFILES 16MAXLOGMEMBERS 3MAXDATAFILES 1024MAXINSTANCES 8MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILEGROUP 1 '/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/redo01.log' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,GROUP 2 '/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/redo02.log' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,GROUP 3 '/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/redo03.log' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512
-- STANDBY LOGFILE
DATAFILE'/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/system01.dbf','/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/sysaux01.dbf','/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/undotbs01.dbf','/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/pdbseed/system01.dbf','/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf','/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/users01.dbf','/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/pdbseed/undotbs01.dbf','/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1/system01.dbf','/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1/sysaux01.dbf','/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1/undotbs01.dbf','/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1/users01.dbf'
CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8
;
-- Commands to re-create incarnation table
-- Below log names MUST be changed to existing filenames on
-- disk. Any one log file from each branch can be used to
-- re-create incarnation records.
-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/u01/fra/ORCLCDB/archivelog/2019_04_08/o1_mf_1_1_%u_.arc';
-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/u01/fra/ORCLCDB/archivelog/2019_04_08/o1_mf_1_1_%u_.arc';
-- Recovery is required if any of the datafiles are restored backups,
-- or if the last shutdown was not normal or immediate.
RECOVER DATABASE
-- All logs need archiving and a log switch is needed.
ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE LOG ALL;
-- Database can now be opened normally.
ALTER DATABASE OPEN;
-- Open all the PDBs.
ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE ALL OPEN;
-- Commands to add tempfiles to temporary tablespaces.
-- Online tempfiles have complete space information.
-- Other tempfiles may require adjustment.
ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE '/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/temp01.dbf' REUSE;
ALTER SESSION SET CONTAINER = PDB$SEED;
ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE '/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/pdbseed/temp012019-04-07_16-00-25-755-PM.dbf' REUSE;
ALTER SESSION SET CONTAINER = ORCLPDB1;
ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE '/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1/temp01.dbf' REUSE;
ALTER SESSION SET CONTAINER = CDB$ROOT;
-- End of tempfile additions.
--
-- Set #2. RESETLOGS case
--
-- The following commands will create a new control file and use it
-- to open the database.
-- Data used by Recovery Manager will be lost.
-- The contents of online logs will be lost and all backups will
-- be invalidated. Use this only if online logs are damaged.
-- WARNING! The current control file needs to be checked against
-- the datafiles to insure it contains the correct files. The
-- commands printed here may be missing log and/or data files.
-- Another report should be made after the database has been
-- successfully opened.
-- After mounting the created controlfile, the following SQL
-- statement will place the database in the appropriate
-- protection mode:
-- ALTER DATABASE SET STANDBY DATABASE TO MAXIMIZE PERFORMANCE
STARTUP NOMOUNT
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "ORCLCDB" RESETLOGS ARCHIVELOGMAXLOGFILES 16MAXLOGMEMBERS 3MAXDATAFILES 1024MAXINSTANCES 8MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILEGROUP 1 '/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/redo01.log' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,GROUP 2 '/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/redo02.log' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,GROUP 3 '/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/redo03.log' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512
-- STANDBY LOGFILE
DATAFILE'/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/system01.dbf','/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/sysaux01.dbf','/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/undotbs01.dbf','/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/pdbseed/system01.dbf','/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf','/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/users01.dbf','/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/pdbseed/undotbs01.dbf','/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1/system01.dbf','/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1/sysaux01.dbf','/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1/undotbs01.dbf','/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1/users01.dbf'
CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8
;
-- Commands to re-create incarnation table
-- Below log names MUST be changed to existing filenames on
-- disk. Any one log file from each branch can be used to
-- re-create incarnation records.
-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/u01/fra/ORCLCDB/archivelog/2019_04_08/o1_mf_1_1_%u_.arc';
-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/u01/fra/ORCLCDB/archivelog/2019_04_08/o1_mf_1_1_%u_.arc';
-- Recovery is required if any of the datafiles are restored backups,
-- or if the last shutdown was not normal or immediate.
RECOVER DATABASE USING BACKUP CONTROLFILE
-- Database can now be opened zeroing the online logs.
ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS;
-- Open all the PDBs.
ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE ALL OPEN;
-- Commands to add tempfiles to temporary tablespaces.
-- Online tempfiles have complete space information.
-- Other tempfiles may require adjustment.
ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE '/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/temp01.dbf' REUSE;
ALTER SESSION SET CONTAINER = PDB$SEED;
ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE '/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/pdbseed/temp012019-04-07_16-00-25-755-PM.dbf' REUSE;
ALTER SESSION SET CONTAINER = ORCLPDB1;
ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE '/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1/temp01.dbf' REUSE;
ALTER SESSION SET CONTAINER = CDB$ROOT;
-- End of tempfile additions.
--*** 2019-04-08T23:02:10.376567+08:00 (CDB$ROOT(1))
Processing Oradebug command 'setmypid'*** 2019-04-08T23:02:10.376641+08:00 (CDB$ROOT(1))
Oradebug command 'setmypid' console output: <none>*** 2019-04-08T23:02:16.364730+08:00 (CDB$ROOT(1))
Processing Oradebug command 'tracefile_name'*** 2019-04-08T23:02:16.364899+08:00 (CDB$ROOT(1))
Oradebug command 'tracefile_name' console output:
/opt/oracle/diag/rdbms/orclcdb/ORCLCDB/trace/ORCLCDB_ora_20197.trc在trace文件中截取创建控制文件一段，并存为control.sql文件：
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "ORCLCDB" RESETLOGS ARCHIVELOGMAXLOGFILES 16MAXLOGMEMBERS 3MAXDATAFILES 1024MAXINSTANCES 8MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILEGROUP 1 '/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/redo01.log' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,GROUP 2 '/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/redo02.log' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,GROUP 3 '/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/redo03.log' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512
-- STANDBY LOGFILE
DATAFILE'/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/system01.dbf','/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/sysaux01.dbf','/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/undotbs01.dbf','/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/pdbseed/system01.dbf','/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf','/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/users01.dbf','/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/pdbseed/undotbs01.dbf','/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1/system01.dbf','/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1/sysaux01.dbf','/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1/undotbs01.dbf','/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1/users01.dbf'
CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8
;
启动数据库，并重建控制文件：
SQL> startup nomount
ORACLE instance started.Total System Global Area 1207959552 bytes
Fixed Size 8792152 bytes
Variable Size 436209576 bytes
Database Buffers 754974720 bytes
Redo Buffers 7983104 bytes
SQL> @control.sqlControl file created.
分布恢复数据库ORCLCDB和ORCLPDB1，然后可以看到数据，说明恢复成功：
SQL> alter database open;
alter database open
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01113: file 1 needs media recovery
ORA-01110: data file 1: '/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/system01.dbf'SQL> startup
ORA-01081: cannot start already-running ORACLE - shut it down first
SQL> shutdown immediate
ORA-01109: database not openDatabase dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.Total System Global Area 1207959552 bytes
Fixed Size 8792152 bytes
Variable Size 436209576 bytes
Database Buffers 754974720 bytes
Redo Buffers 7983104 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-01113: file 1 needs media recovery
ORA-01110: data file 1: '/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/system01.dbf'SQL> recover database;
Media recovery complete.
SQL> alter database open;Database altered.SQL> show con_name;CON_NAME
------------------------------
CDB$ROOT
SQL> select * from cdb_table;A
----------12SQL> alter session set container=pdb_table;
ERROR:
ORA-65011: Pluggable database PDB_TABLE does not exist.SQL> alter session set container=orclpdb1;Session altered.SQL> select * from pdb_table;
select * from pdb_table*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01219: database or pluggable database not open: queries allowed on fixed
tables or views onlySQL> show con_name;CON_NAME
------------------------------
ORCLPDB1
SQL> show pdbs;CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------3 ORCLPDB1 MOUNTED
SQL> alter pluggable database orclpdb1 open;
alter pluggable database orclpdb1 open
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01113: file 9 needs media recovery
ORA-01110: data file 9: '/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1/system01.dbf'SQL> recover database;
Media recovery complete.
SQL> show pdbs;CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------3 ORCLPDB1 MOUNTED
SQL> alter pluggable database orclpdb1 open;Pluggable database altered.SQL> show pdbs;CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------3 ORCLPDB1 READ WRITE NO
SQL> select * from pdb_table;A
----------12最后，验证数据库一切正常
[oracle@oracle-12201-vagrant 2019_04_08]$ sqlplus / as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Mon Apr 8 23:20:07 2019Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit ProductionSQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.Total System Global Area 1207959552 bytes
Fixed Size 8792152 bytes
Variable Size 436209576 bytes
Database Buffers 754974720 bytes
Redo Buffers 7983104 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> show pdbs;CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO3 ORCLPDB1 READ WRITE NO
SQL> select * from cdb_table;A
----------12SQL> alter session set container=orclpdb1;Session altered.SQL> select * from pdb_table;A
----------12SQL> alter session set container=cdb$root;Session altered.SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production参考
- https://support.oracle.com/epmos/faces/DocContentDisplay?id=735106.1
- https://www.dummies.com/programming/databases/how-to-enable-and-maintain-oracle-12c-archives/
- https://www.oracle.com/ocom/groups/public/@otn/documents/webcontent/283263.htm
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