Can you survive the holidays without Wi-Fi? No you cannot. Here’s how to prepare your network for guests and safely share your password with them.

没有Wi-Fi，您可以度过假期吗？ 你不能。 这是为访客准备网络并与他们安全共享密码的方法。

By Whitson Gordon

通过 惠特森戈登

It’s the season… for visitors to slow down your Wi-Fi network. Inviting friends and family to stay with you at the holidays means sharing your precious internet with them, and enduring slowdowns, potential security holes, and sharing the Wi-Fi password (again). Here are 10 tips to keep things running smoothly.

这是一个季节……访客可以减慢您的Wi-Fi网络速度。 邀请朋友和家人在假期与您在一起意味着与他们共享您宝贵的互联网，并承受速度减慢，潜在的安全漏洞以及再次共享Wi-Fi密码。 这是使事情顺利进行的10条提示。

改善您的Wi-Fi覆盖率 (Improve Your Wi-Fi Coverage)

If your house is full of dead zones and slowdown spots, your guests are going to have a bad time. If you’ve ignored that spotty Wi-Fi coverage because it only really affected the guest room, there’s no better time than now to fix it up.

如果您的房子到处都是死区和减速点，那么您的客人将会度过一段糟糕的时光。 如果您因为杂乱无章的Wi-Fi覆盖真正影响了客房而忽略了它，那没有比现在更好的时间来修复它了。

You might be able to simply move the router to a new spot for better coverage. Try to keep it high on a shelf, without books and other objects blocking the signal. If you can, you’ll also want it in a room that’s central to the house, so it can easily reach all the rooms.

您也许可以简单地将路由器移到新位置以获得更好的覆盖范围。 尽量将其放在架子上，不要让书本和其他物体挡住信号。 如果可以的话，您还希望它位于房子中央的房间，这样它就可以轻松到达所有房间。

If that doesn’t work, you may have to invest in a good Wi-Fi extender or mesh system, which will rebroadcast your router’s signal to the furthest rooms, ensuring you always get full bars. Check out our guide to boosting your Wi-Fi signal for more tips and tricks in this area.

如果这不起作用，则可能必须投资购买优质的Wi-Fi扩展器或网状系统 ，该系统会将路由器的信号重新广播到最远的房间，以确保您始终获得满满的信号。 请查看我们的增强Wi-Fi信号指南，以获取有关此区域的更多提示和技巧。

开启访客网络 (Turn on Guest Networking)

Many routers support a feature called guest networking, which creates a separate Wi-Fi network for friends and family to use when they visit. From the guest network, they can access the internet, but they can’t access network resources like shared folders, printers, or NAS devices.

许多路由器都支持一种称为来宾网络的功能，该功能创建了一个单独的Wi-Fi网络，供亲朋好友访问时使用。 他们可以从来宾网络访问Internet，但是不能访问网络资源，例如共享文件夹，打印机或NAS设备 。

That means you can keep using your “Smith” network, while everyone else uses the more limited “Smith_Guest” network (or whatever you choose to name it).

这意味着您可以继续使用“ Smith”网络，而其他所有人则使用更受限的“ Smith_Guest”网络(或您选择命名的任何网络)。

To enable guest networking, you will need to connect to your router’s management interface. Open a browser and type the IP address of your router into the address box, usually something like 192.168.0.1. (If you aren’t sure what your router’s IP address is, our guide to managing your router’s settings can help you find it.)

要启用访客网络，您将需要连接到路由器的管理界面。 打开浏览器，然后在地址栏中输入路由器的IP地址 ，通常为192.168.0.1。 (如果不确定路由器的IP地址是什么， 我们的路由器设置管理指南可以帮助您找到它。)

Your router will prompt you for a username and password to access the administrative tools. If you aren’t sure what they are, a site like routerpasswords.com can help you find the default credentials for your model. You should probably change these default credentials once you log in, lest shady characters also try to access your router.

路由器将提示您输入用户名和密码，以访问管理工具。 如果不确定它们是什么，类似routerpasswords.com这样的网站可以帮助您找到模型的默认凭据。 登录后，您可能应该更改这些默认凭据，以免阴暗字符也试图访问路由器。

From there, look for the Guest Network settings. These settings can vary in location from router to router, but typically, you’ll find them under the Wireless Settings or in a dedicated Guest Network section.

从那里查找来宾网络设置。 这些设置的位置因路由器而异，但是通常，您可以在“无线设置”下或专用“来宾网络”部分中找到它们。

Give your network a name, make sure access to your local network is turned off (if you have the option), and add a WPA2 password to the network. Ideally, you want a strong password, but it’s a good idea to make it somewhat easy to remember — you don’t want to have to hunt for the sticky note with the Wi-Fi password on it every time a guest comes over.

给您的网络起一个名字，确保关闭对本地网络的访问(如果可以的话)，并向该网络添加WPA2密码。 理想情况下，您想要一个强密码 ，但最好使它易于记住-您不想每次来访时都必须寻找带有Wi-Fi密码的便笺。

轻松共享密码 (Share the Password Easily)

Giving your guests a password that is easy to remember works well enough, but for bonus points, you can share the Wi-Fi in a more streamlined fashion. For example, I like to generate a QR code for my network with QiFi — so when my friends come over, they can just scan the code on the fridge using their phone’s camera, instead of remembering and typing the password.

为您的客人提供一个容易记住的密码可以很好地工作，但是要获得奖励积分，您可以以更简化的方式共享Wi-Fi。 例如，我喜欢使用QiFi为我的网络生成QR码-因此，当我的朋友过来时，他们只需使用手机的摄像头在冰箱上扫描代码，而无需记住和输入密码。

If you have Android 10, you can actually do this right from your phone. Open the phone’s Settings menu, find the network, and click the Share button to generate a QR code.

如果您使用的是Android 10 ，则实际上可以直接从手机上执行此操作。 打开手机的“设置”菜单，找到网络，然后单击“共享”按钮以生成QR码。

If you (and your friends) are Apple users, you can share saved Wi-Fi networks with them by joining the network and standing nearby when they attempt to connect. If they’re in your contacts list and have Bluetooth turned on, a prompt will appear on your iPhone or Mac, asking if you want to share the Wi-Fi network with them.

如果您(和您的朋友)是Apple用户，则可以通过加入网络并在他们尝试连接时站在附近来与他们共享保存的Wi-Fi网络。 如果他们在您的联系人列表中并打开了蓝牙，则iPhone或Mac上会出现提示，询问您是否要与他们共享Wi-Fi网络。

更新您的路由器固件 (Update Your Router Firmware)

In anticipation of extra devices and users on your home network, it’s a good idea to make sure your router’s firmware is up to date, with all the most recent security patches. On many routers, you’ll find this option in the device’s web interface. You may also need to go directly to the vendor’s website, download a firmware file, and then upload it to apply the update.

考虑到家庭网络中会有更多设备和用户，最好确保路由器的固件是最新的，并带有所有最新的安全补丁。 在许多路由器上，您会在设备的Web界面中找到此选项。 您可能还需要直接访问供应商的网站，下载固件文件，然后将其上传以应用更新。

Some newer routers — especially those mesh networks — allow you to click a single button from the admin interface and the router will check the manufacturer’s website for the latest software on its own.

一些较新的路由器(尤其是那些网状网络)允许您从管理界面单击单个按钮，路由器将自行检查制造商的网站以获取最新软件。

While you’re thinking about updates, it’s not a bad idea to check with your ISP to see if you have the latest firmware for your cable, DSL, or Fios modem either. Usually, the ISPs push these updates out automatically, but it never hurts to double-check.

在考虑更新时，与ISP核对是否具有适用于电缆，DSL或Fios调制解调器的最新固件不是一个坏主意。 通常，ISP会自动推出这些更新，但是再次检查不会有任何伤害。

密码保护网络资源 (Password Protect Network Resources)

If you don’t have a guest networking option, or you’ve already given out your normal network to some family members in the past, it’s a good idea to password protect any shared folders, printers, or servers on your network.

如果没有来宾网络选项，或者您过去已经将正常网络分配给某些家庭成员，则最好用密码保护网络上的任何共享文件夹，打印机或服务器。

In Windows, you can add a password to a shared folder by opening the Start menu, searching for “sharing,” and choosing the Manage Advanced Sharing Settings option. Expand the All Network option and click the radio button next to “Turn on password protected sharing.”

在Windows中，您可以通过打开“开始”菜单，搜索“共享”，然后选择“管理高级共享设置”选项，将密码添加到共享文件夹。 展开“所有网络”选项，然后单击“打开密码保护的共享”旁边的单选按钮。

Enabling this setting will require that anyone without a username and password for file and folder access will be denied access. (This was enabled by default on my machine, but it’s a good idea to double-check anyway.)

启用此设置将要求没有用户名和密码来访问文件和文件夹的任何人都将被拒绝访问。 (默认情况下，这是在我的计算机上启用的，但还是要仔细检查，这是个好主意。)

进行恶意软件扫描 (Do a Malware Sweep)

Similar to shared resource passwords, this step shouldn’t strictly be necessary as long as everyone’s on the guest network — but things don’t always work out that way. Before you let anyone on your home network, you should also make sure you might not be infecting them with malware. Grab one of our favorite anti-malware tools and run a scan on all your PCs just to be safe — and make sure you’re keeping the software up to date, too.

与共享资源密码类似，只要每个人都在访客网络上，都不必严格执行此步骤-但事情并非总是如此。 你让你的家庭网络上的任何人之前，你还应该确保你可能不会与恶意软件感染他们 。 抓住我们最喜欢的反恶意软件工具之一 ，然后为了安全起见在所有PC上进行扫描-并确保您也使该软件保持最新。

在设备上创建访客帐户 (Create Guest Accounts on Devices)

If you envision guests using your laptop or tablet while they visit, you may want to do some housekeeping on them. For computers, it’s a good idea to create guest accounts, especially ones without administrator permissions to the machine.

如果您希望客人在访问时使用笔记本电脑或平板电脑，则可能需要对他们进行一些家政服务。 对于计算机，创建访客帐户是一个好主意，尤其是没有管理员权限的计算机。

If you’re still using Windows 7, you’re going to want to change that. But until then, you can go to Control Panel > User Accounts and create a new account. Unfortunately, this feature is well hidden on Windows 10, and there doesn’t seem to be an easy way to enable it.

如果您仍在使用Windows 7，则需要进行更改 。 但是在此之前，您可以转到“ 控制面板”>“用户帐户”并创建一个新帐户。 不幸的是，此功能已在Windows 10上很好地隐藏了，并且似乎没有启用它的简便方法。

You can, however, make your own guest account with similar permissions. Click on the Start menu and type lusrmgr.msc, pressing Enter when the option appears. This will bring you to the Local Users and Groups manager. Click the Users folder in the sidebar, then right-click on an empty area in the middle pane and select New User.

但是，您可以使用类似的权限创建自己的访客帐户。 单击“开始”菜单，然后键入lusrmgr.msc，并在出现该选项时按Enter。 这将带您到本地用户和组管理器。 单击边栏中的“用户”文件夹，然后右键单击中间窗格中的空白区域，然后选择“新用户”。

Give them a name (“Guest” is already taken by the system, so I recommend “Houseguest,” “Visitor,” or something similar) and uncheck the User Must Change Password at Next Logon box. Next, check User Cannot Change Password and Password Never Expires boxes, then close the window. Your new user should appear in the list.

给他们起一个名字(系统已使用“来宾”，因此我建议使用“来宾”，“访客”或类似名称)，然后取消选中“用户下次登录时必须更改密码”框。 接下来，选中“用户无法更改密码”和“密码永不过期”框，然后关闭窗口。 您的新用户应出现在列表中。

From there, right-click your new user, select Properties, click the Member Of tab, and remove them from the Users group. Click Add, type “guests” into the object name box, and click the Check Names button. Click OK, then OK in the Properties window and close the Local User Manager. You should be able to sign in as your new guest user without a password, and without the ability to interfere with the system.

从那里，右键单击您的新用户，选择“属性”，单击“成员”选项卡，然后将其从“用户”组中删除。 单击添加，在对象名称框中键入“ guests”，然后单击“检查名称”按钮。 单击确定，然后在属性窗口中单击确定，然后关闭本地用户管理器。 您应该能够以新的来宾用户身份登录，而无需输入密码，也不会干扰系统。

在路由器上启用QoS (Enable QoS on Your Router)

Quality of Service, or QoS, is a feature on many routers that allows you to prioritize different types of traffic. That way, your kids’ online gaming doesn’t interfere with your guests watching Netflix with you in the living room. To access this feature, visit your router’s web interface as described above, and look for the QoS settings.

服务质量或QoS是许多路由器上的一项功能，可让您区分不同类型的流量的优先级。 这样，您的孩子的在线游戏不会干扰您的客人在客厅与您一起观看Netflix 。 要访问此功能，请如上所述访问路由器的Web界面，然后查找QoS设置。

Plenty of modern routers make this easy by providing a list of pre-configured services and applications to which you can give high, medium, or low traffic priority. For example, my Asus router allows me to arrange Video and Audio Streaming, Gaming, Web Surfing, File Transfers, and Messaging by importance. In other routers, you may have to set QoS rules manually port by port. Check with the manual or your router’s manufacturer.

大量现代路由器通过提供一系列预先配置的服务和应用程序使您可以轻松实现这一点，这些服务和应用程序可以为您提供高，中或低流量优先级。 例如，我的Asus路由器允许我按重要性排列视频和音频流，游戏，Web浏览，文件传输和消息传递。 在其他路由器中，可能必须逐个端口手动设置QoS规则。 请与手册或路由器制造商联系。

启动不需要的用户 (Kick Off Unwanted Users)

Let’s say you gave your Wi-Fi password to a neighbor the last time they visited, before you knew the best practices in this guide. Now let’s say that neighbor is using your Wi-Fi to watch their own Netflix streams — either intentionally or unintentionally. You don’t want them stealing bandwidth from your actual guests, so it might behoove you to see who’s on your network.

假设您在上一次邻居访问时将Wi-Fi密码提供给了邻居，然后才了解本指南中的最佳做法。 现在，让我们说邻居正在有意或无意地使用Wi-Fi观看自己的Netflix流。 您不希望他们从您的实际来宾那里窃取带宽，因此您可能不妨看看谁在您的网络上 。

Your router’s administrative interface may provide a list of all the devices on your network, but if it doesn’t, Wireless Network Watcher (Windows) and Who Is On My WiFi (Mac) are great tools that perform the same function. If you see something that doesn’t look right — like, a laptop or streaming device you don’t recognize — it may be time to change your Wi-Fi password, or use your router’s MAC filtering feature to boot them off the network.

路由器的管理界面可能会提供网络上所有设备的列表，但如果未提供，则Wireless Network Watcher (Windows)和Who Is On My WiFi (Mac)是执行相同功能的出色工具。 如果您发现不正常的事物(例如您不认识的笔记本电脑或流媒体设备)，则可能是时候更改Wi-Fi密码，或使用路由器的MAC过滤功能将其从网络引导。

启用家长控制 (Enable Parental Controls)

Many modern routers bundle parental control software or cloud services into the management interface. If you expect little guys and gals as guests, it may be a good idea to poke around your router settings to see if there are any built-in parental controls.

许多现代路由器将家长控制软件或云服务捆绑到管理界面中。 如果您希望小伙子和女孩子能成为客人，那么最好在路由器设置中四处看看是否有内置的家长控制功能。

Parental controls will usually let you block internet content by category (such as adult sites or gambling sites), block specific URLs, or block internet access at certain times of the day. They may not be as advanced as dedicated parental control software, but hopefully there’s something of use in there.

家长控制通常可以让您按类别阻止Internet内容(例如成人网站或赌博网站)，阻止特定的URL或在一天中的特定时间阻止Internet访问。 它们可能不如专用的父母控制软件那么先进，但希望在那里有用。

Originally published at https://www.pcmag.com on November 27, 2019.

最初于 2019年11月27日 发布在 https://www.pcmag.com 。