直接贴代码：

#include "stdafx.h"

#include "cv.h"

#include "highgui.h"

using namespace std;

using namespace cv;

IplImage *g_pGrayImage = NULL;

IplImage *g_pBinaryImage = NULL;

const char *pstrWindowsBinaryTitle = "二值图";

void on_trackbar(int pos)

{

// 转为二值图

cvThreshold(g_pGrayImage, g_pBinaryImage, pos, 255, CV_THRESH_BINARY);

// 显示二值图

cvShowImage(pstrWindowsBinaryTitle, g_pBinaryImage);

}

int detectionChange(Mat& mat1, Mat& mat2, int number);

void verProjection_calculate(Mat& mat1, int* vArr, int number);

int** verProjection_cut(int* vArr, int width, int* number);

float pixelPercentage(Mat& mat1);

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])

{

const char *pstrWindowsSrcTitle = "原图";

const char *pstrWindowsToolBarName = "二值图阈值";

// 从文件中加载原图

IplImage *pSrcImage = cvLoadImage("plate.jpg", CV_LOAD_IMAGE_UNCHANGED);

if (pSrcImage==NULL)

return -1;

// 转为灰度图

g_pGrayImage = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(pSrcImage), IPL_DEPTH_8U, 1);

cvCvtColor(pSrcImage, g_pGrayImage, CV_BGR2GRAY);

// 创建二值图

g_pBinaryImage = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(g_pGrayImage), IPL_DEPTH_8U, 1);

// 显示原图

cvNamedWindow(pstrWindowsSrcTitle, CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);

cvShowImage(pstrWindowsSrcTitle, pSrcImage);

// 创建二值图窗口

cvNamedWindow(pstrWindowsBinaryTitle, CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);

// 滑动条

//int nThreshold = 0;

//cvCreateTrackbar(pstrWindowsToolBarName, pstrWindowsBinaryTitle, &nThreshold, 254, on_trackbar);

//on_trackbar(1);

// 转为二值图

cvThreshold(g_pGrayImage, g_pBinaryImage, 190, 255, CV_THRESH_BINARY);

// 显示二值图

cvShowImage(pstrWindowsBinaryTitle, g_pBinaryImage);

// 字符分割

Mat img_3;

detectionChange((Mat)g_pBinaryImage, img_3, 7);

imshow(" 边缘分离 ",img_3);

int width, reWidth=30, wWidth=20, pic_width;

int height, reHeight=100, wHeight = 20;

int pic_ArrNumber;

int vArr[100];

int **pic_Arr;

Mat img_4 = img_3;

// 调整图片的大小。

resize(img_3,img_4,Size(100,30));

verProjection_calculate(img_4, vArr, reHeight);

pic_Arr = verProjection_cut(vArr, reHeight, &pic_ArrNumber);

int i;

for(i=0; i< pic_ArrNumber; i++){

printf("pic_Arr[%d]:%d, %d\n", i, pic_Arr[i][0], pic_Arr[i][1]);

}

char str[20]={0};

sprintf(str, "%d", i+3);

namedWindow(str);

imshow("缩小的图像", img_4);

Mat img_5;

IplImage pI_1 = (Mat)img_4;

IplImage pI_2;

float percentage = 0.0;

CvScalar s1;

char str1[20]={0};

for(i=0; i< pic_ArrNumber; i++){

pic_width = pic_Arr[i][1] - pic_Arr[i][0];

// 字体宽度的度量。

if(pic_width < 3){

continue;

}

img_5 = cv::Mat(reWidth, pic_Arr[i][1] - pic_Arr[i][0], CV_8UC1, 1);

pI_2 = img_5;

for(int j=0; j

for(int k=pic_Arr[i][0]; k

s1 = cvGet2D(&pI_1, j, k);

cvSet2D(&pI_2, j, k-pic_Arr[i][0], s1);

}

}

percentage = pixelPercentage(img_5);

if(percentage < 0.1){

continue;

}

// 又一次判定 字符的宽度。

if(pic_width < 3){

printf("the %d is 1\n", i);

continue;

}

Mat img_w = img_5;

// 调整图片的大小。

resize(img_5,img_w,Size(10,40));

sprintf(str1, "%d", i+10);

namedWindow(str1);

imshow(str1, img_w);

}

cvWaitKey(0);

cvDestroyWindow(pstrWindowsSrcTitle);

cvDestroyWindow(pstrWindowsBinaryTitle);

cvReleaseImage(&pSrcImage);

cvReleaseImage(&g_pGrayImage);

cvReleaseImage(&g_pBinaryImage);

return 0;

}

int detectionChange(Mat& mat1, Mat& mat2, int number){

IplImage pI_1 = mat1, pI_2;

CvScalar s1, s2;

int width = mat1.rows;

int height = mat1.cols;

int sum = 0, sum_2 = 0, width_1 = 0, width_2 = 0;

int i, j;

for(i=0; i

sum = 0;

sum_2 = 0;

for(j=0; j

s1 = cvGet2D(&pI_1, i, j);

s2 = cvGet2D(&pI_1, i, j+1);

if(((int)s1.val[0]) != ((int)s2.val[0])){

sum += 1;

sum_2 = 0;

}else{

sum_2 += 1;

}

if(sum_2 != 0){

if(height / sum_2 < 5){

sum = 0;

break;

}

}

}

if(sum >= number){

width_1 = i;

break;

}else{

width_1 = i;

}

}

for(i=width-1; i> 0; i--){

sum = 0;

sum_2 = 0;

for(j=0; j

s1 = cvGet2D(&pI_1, i, j);

s2 = cvGet2D(&pI_1, i, j+1);

if(((int)s1.val[0]) != ((int)s2.val[0])){

sum += 1;

sum_2 = 0;

}else{

sum_2 += 1;

}

if(sum_2 != 0){

if(height / sum_2 < 1){

sum = 0;

break;

}

}

}

if(sum >= number){

width_2 = i;

break;

}else{

width_2 = i;

}

}

if(width_2 <= width_1){

width_2 = width;

}

mat2 = cv::Mat(width_2 - width_1 + 1, height, CV_8UC1, 1);

pI_2 = mat2;

for(i=width_1; i<= width_2; i++){

for(j=0; j

s1 = cvGet2D(&pI_1, i, j);

cvSet2D(&pI_2, i-width_1, j, s1);

}

}

return 1;

}

void verProjection_calculate(Mat& mat1, int* vArr, int number){

IplImage pI_1 = mat1;

CvScalar s1;

int width = mat1.rows;

int height = mat1.cols;

int i, j;

for(i=0; i< number; i++){

vArr[i] = 0;

}

for(j=0; j

for(i=0; i

s1 = cvGet2D(&pI_1, i, j);

if(s1.val[0] > 20){

vArr[j] += 1;

}

}

}

}

int** verProjection_cut(int* vArr, int width, int* number){

int **a;

int i, flag = 0;

int num = 0;

int threshold = 2;

a = (int**)malloc(width / 2 * sizeof(int*));

for(i=0; i

if((vArr[i] <= threshold) && (vArr[i+1] > threshold)){

a[num] = (int* )malloc(2 * sizeof(int));

a[num][0] = i;

flag = 1;

}else if((vArr[i] > threshold) && (vArr[i+1] <= threshold) && (flag != 0)){

a[num][1] = i;

num += 1;

flag = 0;

}

}

*number = num;

return a;

}

float pixelPercentage(Mat& mat1){

IplImage pI_1 = mat1;

CvScalar s1;

int width = mat1.rows;

int height = mat1.cols;

int i, j;

float sum = 0, allSum = 0, tmp;

for(i=0; i

for(j=0; j

s1 = cvGet2D(&pI_1, i, j);

if(s1.val[0] > 20){

sum += 1;

}

allSum += 1;

}

}

tmp = sum / allSum;

return tmp;

}

分割结果演示：