Scrapy爬虫实例—

学习爬虫有一段时间了，今天使用Scrapy框架将校花网的图片爬取到本地。Scrapy爬虫框架相对于使用requests库进行网页的爬取，拥有更高的性能。

Scrapy官方定义：Scrapy是用于抓取网站并提取结构化数据的应用程序框架，可用于广泛的有用应用程序，如数据挖掘，信息处理或历史存档。

建立Scrapy爬虫工程

在安装好Scrapy框架后，直接使用命令行进行项目的创建：

E:\ScrapyDemo>scrapy startproject xiaohuar
New Scrapy project 'xiaohuar', using template directory 'c:\\users\\lei\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python35\\lib
\\site-packages\\scrapy\\templates\\project', created in:
    E:\ScrapyDemo\xiaohuarYou can start your first spider with:cd xiaohuarscrapy genspider example example.com

创建一个Scrapy爬虫

创建工程的时候，会自动创建一个与工程同名的目录，进入到目录中执行如下命令：

E:\ScrapyDemo\xiaohuar>scrapy genspider -t basic xiaohua xiaohuar.com
Created spider 'xiaohua' using template 'basic' in module:xiaohuar.spiders.xiaohua

命令中"xiaohua"是生成Spider中*.py文件的文件名，"xiaohuar.com"是将要爬取网站的URL，可以在程序中更改。

编写Spider代码

编写E:\ScrapyDemo\xiaohuar\xiaohuar\spiders中的xiaohua.py文件。主要是配置URL和对请求到的页面的解析方式。

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import scrapy
from scrapy.http import Request
import reclass XiaohuaSpider(scrapy.Spider):name = 'xiaohua'allowed_domains = ['xiaohuar.com']start_urls = []for i in range(43):url = "http://www.xiaohuar.com/list-1-%s.html" %istart_urls.append(url)def parse(self, response):if "www.xiaohuar.com/list-1" in response.url:# 下载的html源代码html = response.text# 网页中图片存储地址：src="/d/file/20160126/905e563421921adf9b6fb4408ec4e72f.jpg"# 通过正则匹配到所有的图片# 获取的是图片的相对路径的列表img_urls = re.findall(r'/d/file/\d+/\w+\.jpg',html)# 使用循环对图片页进行请求for img_url in img_urls:# 将图片的URL补全if "http://" not in img_url:img_url = "http://www.xiaohuar.com%s" %img_url# 回调，返回responseyield Request(img_url)else:# 下载图片 url = response.url# 保存的图片文件名title = re.findall(r'\w*.jpg',url)[0]# 保存图片with open('E:\\xiaohua_img\\%s' % title, 'wb') as f:f.write(response.body)

这里使用正则表达式对图片的地址进行匹配，其他网页也都大同小异，需要根据具体的网页源代码进行分析。

运行爬虫

E:\ScrapyDemo\xiaohuar>scrapy crawl xiaohua
2017-10-22 22:30:11 [scrapy.utils.log] INFO: Scrapy 1.4.0 started (bot: xiaohuar)
2017-10-22 22:30:11 [scrapy.utils.log] INFO: Overridden settings: {'BOT_NAME': 'xiaohuar', 'SPIDER_MODULES': ['xiaohuar.
spiders'], 'ROBOTSTXT_OBEY': True, 'NEWSPIDER_MODULE': 'xiaohuar.spiders'}
2017-10-22 22:30:11 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled extensions:
['scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole','scrapy.extensions.corestats.CoreStats','scrapy.extensions.logstats.LogStats']
2017-10-22 22:30:12 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled downloader middlewares:
['scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.robotstxt.RobotsTxtMiddleware','scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpauth.HttpAuthMiddleware','scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.downloadtimeout.DownloadTimeoutMiddleware','scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.defaultheaders.DefaultHeadersMiddleware','scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.useragent.UserAgentMiddleware','scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.retry.RetryMiddleware','scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.redirect.MetaRefreshMiddleware','scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpcompression.HttpCompressionMiddleware','scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.redirect.RedirectMiddleware','scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.cookies.CookiesMiddleware','scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpproxy.HttpProxyMiddleware','scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.stats.DownloaderStats']
2017-10-22 22:30:12 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled spider middlewares:
['scrapy.spidermiddlewares.httperror.HttpErrorMiddleware','scrapy.spidermiddlewares.offsite.OffsiteMiddleware','scrapy.spidermiddlewares.referer.RefererMiddleware','scrapy.spidermiddlewares.urllength.UrlLengthMiddleware','scrapy.spidermiddlewares.depth.DepthMiddleware']
2017-10-22 22:30:12 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled item pipelines:
[]
2017-10-22 22:30:12 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Spider opened
2017-10-22 22:30:12 [scrapy.extensions.logstats] INFO: Crawled 0 pages (at 0 pages/min), scraped 0 items (at 0 items/min
)
2017-10-22 22:30:12 [scrapy.extensions.telnet] DEBUG: Telnet console listening on 127.0.0.1:6023
2017-10-22 22:30:12 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET http://www.xiaohuar.com/robots.txt> (referer: None)
2017-10-22 22:30:13 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET http://www.xiaohuar.com/list-1-0.html> (referer: None
)
2017-10-22 22:30:13 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170721/cb96f1b106b3d
b4a6bfcf3d2e880dea0.jpg> (referer: http://www.xiaohuar.com/list-1-0.html)
2017-10-22 22:30:13 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170824/dcc166b0eba6a
37e05424cfc29023121.jpg> (referer: http://www.xiaohuar.com/list-1-0.html)
2017-10-22 22:30:13 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170916/7f78145b1ca16
2eb814fbc03ad24fbc1.jpg> (referer: http://www.xiaohuar.com/list-1-0.html)
2017-10-22 22:30:13 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170919/2f728d0f110a2
1fea95ce13e0b010d06.jpg> (referer: http://www.xiaohuar.com/list-1-0.html)
2017-10-22 22:30:13 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170819/9c3dfeef7e08c
c0303ce233e4ddafa7f.jpg> (referer: http://www.xiaohuar.com/list-1-0.html)
2017-10-22 22:30:14 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170917/715515e7fe1f1
cb9fd388bbbb00467c2.jpg> (referer: http://www.xiaohuar.com/list-1-0.html)
2017-10-22 22:30:14 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170628/f3d06ef49965a
edbe18286a2f221fd9f.jpg> (referer: http://www.xiaohuar.com/list-1-0.html)
2017-10-22 22:30:14 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170513/6121e3e90ff3b
a4c9398121bda1dd582.jpg> (referer: http://www.xiaohuar.com/list-1-0.html)
2017-10-22 22:30:14 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170516/6e295fe48c332
45be858c40d37fb5ee6.jpg> (referer: http://www.xiaohuar.com/list-1-0.html)
2017-10-22 22:30:14 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170707/f7ca636f73937
e33836e765b7261f036.jpg> (referer: http://www.xiaohuar.com/list-1-0.html)
2017-10-22 22:30:14 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170528/b352258c83776
b9a2462277dec375d0c.jpg> (referer: http://www.xiaohuar.com/list-1-0.html)
2017-10-22 22:30:14 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170527/4a7a7f1e6b69f
126292b981c90110d0a.jpg> (referer: http://www.xiaohuar.com/list-1-0.html)
2017-10-22 22:30:14 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170715/61110ba027f00
4fb503ff09cdee44d0c.jpg> (referer: http://www.xiaohuar.com/list-1-0.html)
2017-10-22 22:30:14 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170520/dd21a21751e24
a8f161792b66011688c.jpg> (referer: http://www.xiaohuar.com/list-1-0.html)
2017-10-22 22:30:15 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170529/8140c4ad797ca
01f5e99d09c82dd8a42.jpg> (referer: http://www.xiaohuar.com/list-1-0.html)
2017-10-22 22:30:15 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170603/e55f77fb3aa3c
7f118a46eeef5c0fbbf.jpg> (referer: http://www.xiaohuar.com/list-1-0.html)
2017-10-22 22:30:15 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170529/e5902d4d3e408
29f9a0d30f7488eab84.jpg> (referer: http://www.xiaohuar.com/list-1-0.html)
2017-10-22 22:30:15 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170604/ec3794d0d42b5
38bf4461a84dac32509.jpg> (referer: http://www.xiaohuar.com/list-1-0.html)
2017-10-22 22:30:15 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170603/c34b29f68e8f9
6d44c63fe29bf4a66b8.jpg> (referer: http://www.xiaohuar.com/list-1-0.html)
2017-10-22 22:30:15 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170701/fb18711a6af87
f30942d6a19f6da6b3e.jpg> (referer: http://www.xiaohuar.com/list-1-0.html)
2017-10-22 22:30:15 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170619/e0456729d4dcb
ea569a1acbc6a47ab69.jpg> (referer: http://www.xiaohuar.com/list-1-0.html)
2017-10-22 22:30:15 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170626/0ab1d89f54c90
df477a90aa533ceea36.jpg> (referer: http://www.xiaohuar.com/list-1-0.html)
2017-10-22 22:30:15 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Closing spider (finished)
2017-10-22 22:30:15 [scrapy.statscollectors] INFO: Dumping Scrapy stats:
{'downloader/request_bytes': 8785,'downloader/request_count': 24,'downloader/request_method_count/GET': 24,'downloader/response_bytes': 2278896,'downloader/response_count': 24,'downloader/response_status_count/200': 24,'finish_reason': 'finished','finish_time': datetime.datetime(2017, 10, 22, 14, 30, 15, 892287),'log_count/DEBUG': 25,'log_count/INFO': 7,'request_depth_max': 1,'response_received_count': 24,'scheduler/dequeued': 23,'scheduler/dequeued/memory': 23,'scheduler/enqueued': 23,'scheduler/enqueued/memory': 23,'start_time': datetime.datetime(2017, 10, 22, 14, 30, 12, 698874)}
2017-10-22 22:30:15 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Spider closed (finished)

scrapy crawl xiaohua

图片保存

在图片保存过程中"\"需要进行转义。

>>> import requests>>> r = requests.get("https://timgsa.baidu.com/timg?image&quality=80&size=b9999_10000&sec=1508693697147&di=23eb655d8e450f84cf39453bc1029bc0&imgtype=0&src=http%3A%2F%2Fb.hiphotos.baidu.com%2Fimage%2Fpic%2Fitem%2Fc9fcc3cec3fdfc038b027f7bde3f8794a5c226fe.jpg")
>>> open("E:\xiaohua_img\01.jpg",'wb').write(r.content)File "<stdin>", line 1
SyntaxError: (unicode error) 'unicodeescape' codec can't decode by
>>> open("E:\\xiaohua_img\1.jpg",'wb').write(r.content)
Traceback (most recent call last):File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
OSError: [Errno 22] Invalid argument: 'E:\\xiaohua_img\x01.jpg'
>>> open("E:\\xiaohua_img\\1.jpg",'wb').write(r.content)
34342

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/yan-lei/p/7712521.html

Scrapy爬虫实例——校花网相关推荐

scrapy 爬取校花网
原文链接: scrapy 爬取校花网上一篇: scrapy 安装和简单命令下一篇: scrapy 腾讯招聘信息爬取网址,爬取名称和对应的图片链接,并保存为json格式 http://www.x ...
一篇入门级Scrapy框架（校花网）
心血来潮,写一篇校花网爬取. 准备工作: 要用到request模块需要的库和包(twisted,scrapy,pypiwin32)自行安装,python环境自行安装. url:'http://www ...
scrapy爬取校花网男神图片保存到本地
爬虫四部曲,本人按自己的步骤来写,可能有很多漏洞,望各位大神指点指点 1.创建项目 scrapy startproject xiaohuawang scrapy.cfg: 项目的配置文件 xiaohu ...
scrapy爬虫实例：凤凰网
前言本文的文字及图片来源于网络,仅供学习.交流使用,不具有任何商业用途,如有问题请及时联系我们以作处理. PS:如有需要Python学习资料的小伙伴可以加点击下方链接自行获取 python免费学习资 ...
Python爬虫框架 scrapy 入门经典project 爬取校花网资源、批量下载图片
####1.安装scrapy 建议:最好在新的虚拟环境里面安装scrapy 注意:博主是在 Ubuntu18.04 + Python3.6 环境下进行开发的,如果遇到安装scrapy不成功请自行百度/ ...
Python爬虫实战一 | 抓取取校花网的所有妹子
今天晚上顺带就实际的写写工具,我们刚学完Python的基础语法!抓点妹子带回家~ 总结一下之前的吧,我写了关于Python爬虫的六节课程,也就是六篇文章,文章有点简洁,但是很细节,如果还有不懂的请加 ...
Python 爬虫校花网
爬虫:是一种按照一定的规则,自动地抓取万维网信息的程序或者脚本. 福利来了校花网 ,首先说为什么要爬这个网站呢,第一这个网站简单爬起来容易,不会受到打击,第二呢你懂得.... 1.第一步,需要下 ...
Python之爬虫-校花网
Python之爬虫-校花网 #!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-import re import requests# 拿到校花网主页的内容 resp ...
day01 初见python爬虫之“爬校花网”和“自动登录github”
首先我们来解释一下几个概念: 1.什么是爬虫? 爬取数据. 2.什么是互联网? 由一堆网络设备.把一台台的计算机互联到一起称之为互联网. 3.互联网建立的目的: 数据的传递与数据的共享. 4.什么是数 ...

Scrapy爬虫实例——校花网