简介

根据《Python编程：从入门到实践》这本书的指导所编写的，基本没有改动，只是增加了上下移动和p键开始以及历史最高分的记录三个额外功能
因为只是按照书上知道编写，所以详细的内容其实并没有学会，只是为了熟悉流程和一部分知识，其中历史最高分的记录必须一开始在文档里输入起始值才可以运行游戏（这里是懒得继续调试了）
另外有很多的不足之处也没有改，但基本的功能都实现了，大家如果有按照这本书敲代码的可以试着参考一下。
一共十个程序，两个图片，txt文件没有放的必要

程序部分

简介
alien_invasion.py(主程序)
alien.py
bullet.py
button.py
game_function.py(最重要的部分，函数功能基本都集中在这里)
game_stats.py
scoreboard.py
settings.py(基本设置参数)
ship.py
show_the_key.py
图片
the_highest_score为txt文件，记录历史最高分，一开始其中输入了0

alien_invasion.py(主程序)

import pygamefrom settings import Settings
from game_stats import GameStats
from button import Button
from ship import Ship
import game_functions as gf
from pygame.sprite import Group
from scoreboard import  Scoreboarddef run_game():#初始化游戏并创建一个屏幕对象pygame.init()ai_settings = Settings()screen = pygame.display.set_mode((ai_settings.screen_width,ai_settings.screen_height))pygame.display.set_caption("Alien Invasion_楚")play_button = Button(ai_settings, screen, "Play")stats = GameStats(ai_settings)sb = Scoreboard(ai_settings, screen, stats)ship = Ship(ai_settings,screen)bullets = Group()aliens = Group()gf.create_fleet(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens)bg_color = (230, 230, 230)#change the colorwhile True:#用来监视键盘和鼠标活动gf.check_events(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, play_button, ship,aliens, bullets)if stats.game_active == True:ship.update()gf.update_bullets(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship,aliens, bullets)gf.update_aliens(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship,aliens, bullets)gf.update_screen(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets,play_button)run_game()

alien.py

import pygame
from pygame.sprite import Spriteclass Alien(Sprite):def __init__(self, ai_settings, screen):super().__init__()self.screen = screenself.ai_settings = ai_settingsself.image = pygame.image.load('images/alien.bmp')self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.rect.x = self.rect.widthself.rect.y = self.rect.heightself.x = float(self.rect.x)def blitme(self):self.screen.blit(self.image, self.rect)def update(self):self.x += (self.ai_settings.alien_speed_factor *self.ai_settings.fleet_direction)self.rect.x = self.xdef check_edges(self):screen_rect = self.screen.get_rect()if self.rect.right >= screen_rect.right:return Trueelif self.rect.left <= 0:return True

bullet.py

import pygame
from pygame.sprite import Spriteclass Bullet(Sprite):def __init__(self, ai_settings, screen, ship):super().__init__()self.screen = screenself.rect = pygame.Rect(0, 0, ai_settings.bullet_width,ai_settings.bullet_height)self.rect.centerx = ship.rect.centerxself.rect.top = ship.rect.topself.y = float(self.rect.y)self.color = ai_settings.bullet_colorself.speed_factor = ai_settings.bullet_speed_factordef update(self):self.y -= self.speed_factorself.rect.y = self.ydef draw_bullet(self):pygame.draw.rect(self.screen,self.color,self.rect)

button.py

import pygame.fontclass Button:def __init__(self, ai_settings, screen, msg):self.screen = screenself.screen_rect = screen.get_rect()self.width, self.height = 200, 50self.button_color = (0, 255, 0)self.text_color = (255, 255, 255)self.font = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 48)self.rect = pygame.Rect(0, 0, self.width, self.height)self.rect.center = self.screen_rect.centerself.prep_msg(msg)def prep_msg(self, msg):self.msg_image = self.font.render(msg, True, self.text_color, self.button_color)self.msg_image_rect = self.msg_image.get_rect()self.msg_image_rect.center = self.rect.centerdef draw_button(self):self.screen.fill(self.button_color, self.rect)self.screen.blit(self.msg_image, self.msg_image_rect)

game_function.py(最重要的部分，函数功能基本都集中在这里)

import sys
import pygame
from bullet import Bullet
from alien import Alien
from time import sleepdef check_keydown_events(event, ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, play_button,ship, aliens, bullets):if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:ship.moving_right = Trueelif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:ship.moving_left = Trueif event.key == pygame.K_UP:ship.moving_up = Trueelif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:ship.moving_down = Trueelif event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:fire_bullet(ai_settings, screen, ship, bullets)elif event.key == pygame.K_q:pygame.quit()sys.exit()elif event.key == pygame.K_p:start_game(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, play_button, ship, aliens,bullets)def check_keyup_events(event,ship):if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:ship.moving_right = Falseelif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:ship.moving_left = Falseif event.key == pygame.K_UP:ship.moving_up = Falseelif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:ship.moving_down = Falsedef check_events(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, play_button, ship, aliens, bullets):for event in pygame.event.get():if event.type == pygame.QUIT:pygame.quit()sys.exit()elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:check_keydown_events(event, ai_settings, screen, stats, sb,play_button, ship,aliens, bullets)elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP:check_keyup_events(event,ship)elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:mouse_x, mouse_y = pygame.mouse.get_pos()check_play_button(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, play_button, ship,aliens, bullets, mouse_x, mouse_y)def update_screen(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets,play_button):screen.fill(ai_settings.bg_color)for bullet in bullets.sprites():bullet.draw_bullet()ship.blitme()aliens.draw(screen)sb.show_score()if not stats.game_active:play_button.draw_button()pygame.display.flip()def update_bullets(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets):bullets.update()for bullet in bullets.copy():if bullet.rect.bottom <= 0:bullets.remove(bullet)check_bullet_alien_collisions(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship,aliens, bullets)def fire_bullet(ai_settings, screen, ship, bullets):if len(bullets) <= ai_settings.bullets_allowed:new_bullet = Bullet(ai_settings, screen, ship)bullets.add(new_bullet)def create_fleet(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens):alien = Alien(ai_settings, screen)number_aliens_x = get_number_aliens_x(ai_settings, alien.rect.width)number_rows = get_number_rows(ai_settings, ship.rect.height,alien.rect.height)for row_number in range(number_rows):for alien_number in range(number_aliens_x):create_alien(ai_settings, screen, aliens, alien_number,row_number)def get_number_aliens_x(ai_settings, alien_width):available_space_x = ai_settings.screen_width - 2 * alien_widthnumber_aliens_x = int(available_space_x / (2 * alien_width))return number_aliens_xdef create_alien(ai_settings, screen, aliens, alien_number, row_number):alien = Alien(ai_settings, screen)alien_width = alien.rect.widthalien.x = alien_width + 2 * alien_width * alien_numberalien.rect.x = alien.xalien.rect.y = alien.rect.height + 2 * alien.rect.height * row_numberaliens.add(alien)def get_number_rows(ai_settings, ship_height, alien_height):available_space_y = (ai_settings.screen_height - (3 * alien_height)- ship_height)number_rows = int(available_space_y / (2 * alien_height))return number_rowsdef update_aliens(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets):check_fleet_edges(ai_settings, aliens)aliens.update()if pygame.sprite.spritecollideany(ship, aliens):ship_hit(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets)check_aliens_bottom(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets)def check_fleet_edges(ai_settings, aliens):for alien in aliens.sprites():if alien.check_edges():change_fleet_direction(ai_settings, aliens)breakdef change_fleet_direction(ai_settings, aliens):for alien in aliens.sprites():alien.rect.y += ai_settings.fleet_drop_speedai_settings.fleet_direction *= -1def check_bullet_alien_collisions(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship,aliens, bullets):collisions = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(bullets, aliens, True, True)if collisions:for aliens in collisions.values():stats.score += ai_settings.alien_points * len(aliens)sb.prep_score()check_high_score(stats, sb)if len(aliens) == 0:bullets.empty()ai_settings.increase_speed()stats.level += 1sb.prep_level()create_fleet(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens)def ship_hit(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets):if stats.ships_left > 0:stats.ships_left -= 1sb.prep_ships()aliens.empty()bullets.empty()create_fleet(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens)ship.center_ship()sleep(0.5)else:stats.game_active = Falsepygame.mouse.set_visible(True)def check_aliens_bottom(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets):screen_rect = screen.get_rect()for alien in aliens.sprites():if alien.rect.bottom >= screen_rect.bottom:ship_hit(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets)breakdef check_play_button(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, play_button, ship, aliens,bullets, mouse_x, mouse_y):button_clicked = play_button.rect.collidepoint(mouse_x, mouse_y)if button_clicked and not stats.game_active:start_game(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, play_button,ship,aliens,bullets)def start_game(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, play_button, ship, aliens, bullets):ai_settings.initialize_dynamic_settings()pygame.mouse.set_visible(False)stats.reset_stats()stats.game_active = Truesb.prep_score()sb.prep_high_score()sb.prep_level()sb.prep_ships()aliens.empty()bullets.empty()create_fleet(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens)ship.center_ship()def check_high_score(stats, sb):if stats.score > stats.high_score:stats.high_score = stats.scoresb.prep_high_score()with open("The highest score.txt",'w') as f:f.write(str(stats.score))

game_stats.py

class GameStats():def __init__(self, ai_settings):self.ai_settings = ai_settingsself.reset_stats()self.game_active = Falsewith open ('The highest score.txt') as f:self.high_score = int(f.read())def reset_stats(self):self.ships_left = self.ai_settings.ship_limitself.score = 0self.level = 1

scoreboard.py

import pygame.font
from pygame.sprite import Group
from ship import Shipclass Scoreboard():def __init__(self, ai_settings, screen, stats):self.screen = screenself.screen_rect = screen.get_rect()self.ai_settings = ai_settingsself.stats = statsself.text_color = (30, 30, 30)self.font = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 48)self.prep_score()self.prep_high_score()self.prep_level()self.prep_ships()def prep_score(self):rounded_score = int(round(self.stats.score, -1))score_str = "{:,}".format(rounded_score)self.score_image = self.font.render(score_str, True, self.text_color,self.ai_settings.bg_color)self.score_rect = self.score_image.get_rect()self.score_rect.right = self.screen_rect.right - 20self.score_rect.top = 20def show_score(self):self.screen.blit(self.score_image, self.score_rect)self.screen.blit(self.high_score_image, self.high_score_rect)self.screen.blit(self.level_image, self.level_rect)self.ships.draw(self.screen)def prep_high_score(self):high_score = int(round(self.stats.high_score, -1))high_score_str = "{:,}".format(high_score)self.high_score_image = self.font.render(high_score_str, True,self.text_color, self.ai_settings.bg_color)self.high_score_rect = self.high_score_image.get_rect()self.high_score_rect.centerx = self.screen_rect.centerxself.high_score_rect.top = self.score_rect.topdef prep_level(self):self.level_image = self.font.render(str(self.stats.level),  True,self.text_color, self.ai_settings.bg_color)self.level_rect = self.level_image.get_rect()self.level_rect.right = self.score_rect.rightself.level_rect.top = self.score_rect.bottom + 10def prep_ships(self):self.ships = Group()for ship_number in range(self.stats.ships_left):ship = Ship(self.ai_settings, self.screen)ship.rect.x = 10 + ship_number * ship.rect.widthship.rect.y = 10self.ships.add(ship)

settings.py(基本设置参数)

class Settings():def __init__(self):self.screen_width = 1200self.screen_height = 800self.bg_color = (230,230,230)self.bullet_width = 3self.bullet_height = 15self.bullet_color = 60,60,60self.bullets_allowed = 3self.fleet_drop_speed = 5self.ship_limit = 3self.speedup_scale = 1.1self.score_scale = 1.5self.initialize_dynamic_settings()def initialize_dynamic_settings(self):self.ship_speed_factor = 1.5self.bullet_speed_factor = 3self.alien_speed_factor = 0.1self.fleet_direction = 1self.alien_points = 50def increase_speed(self):self.ship_speed_factor *= self.speedup_scaleself.bullet_speed_factor *= self.speedup_scaleself.alien_speed_factor *= self.speedup_scaleself.alien_points = int(self.alien_points * self.score_scale)

ship.py

import pygame
from pygame.sprite import Spriteclass Ship(Sprite):def __init__(self,ai_settings,screen):super().__init__()self.screen = screenself.ai_settings = ai_settingsself.image = pygame.image.load('images/ship.bmp')self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.screen_rect = screen.get_rect()self.rect.centerx = self.screen_rect.centerxself.rect.bottom = self.screen_rect.bottomself.center = float(self.rect.centerx)self.bottom = float(self.rect.bottom)self.moving_right = Falseself.moving_left = Falseself.moving_up = Falseself.moving_down = Falsedef update(self):if self.moving_right and self.rect.right < self.screen_rect.right:self.center += self.ai_settings.ship_speed_factorif self.moving_left and self.rect.left > 0:self.center -= self.ai_settings.ship_speed_factorif self.moving_up and self.rect.top > 0:self.bottom -= self.ai_settings.ship_speed_factorif self.moving_down and self.rect.bottom < self.screen_rect.bottom:self.bottom += self.ai_settings.ship_speed_factorself.rect.centerx = self.centerself.rect.bottom = self.bottomdef blitme(self):self.screen.blit(self.image, self.rect)def center_ship(self):self.center = self.screen_rect.centerxself.bottom = self.screen_rect.bottom

show_the_key.py

import pygame
import sysdef run_game():pygame.init()screen = pygame.display.set_mode((1200,800))pygame.display.set_caption("how will you do")while True:for event in pygame.event.get():if event.type == pygame.QUIT:pygame.quit()sys.exit()elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:print(event.key)
run_game()

图片

the_highest_score为txt文件，记录历史最高分，一开始其中输入了0

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python编程，外星人飞船

简介